CN102767302B - Distributed underground reservoir and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Distributed underground reservoir and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102767302B CN102767302B CN201210256979.XA CN201210256979A CN102767302B CN 102767302 B CN102767302 B CN 102767302B CN 201210256979 A CN201210256979 A CN 201210256979A CN 102767302 B CN102767302 B CN 102767302B
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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Abstract
The invention provides a distributed underground reservoir suitable for storing underground water in open mining areas. The distributed underground reservoir comprises a plurality of reservoir bodies located underground, recharge water pipelines and connecting pipelines. Each reservoir body comprises a reservoir bottom, a dam and reservoir fillers, and the reservoir fillers fully fill a semi-closed area enclosed by each reservoir bottom and each dam. The lower ends of the recharge water pipelines are positioned in the reservoir fillers, and the upper ends of the recharge water pipelines extend above the ground. Besides, the reservoir bodies are communicated with one another by the connecting pipelines penetrating through the dams. The invention further provides a construction method of the distributed underground reservoir. The distributed underground reservoir can contain underground water outflowing during mining, occupancy of the ground and evaporation of moisture are reduced, stored superfluous water among the reservoir bodies can be automatically distributed, and storage of water resources in other places during stripping of an open pit mine is achieved by the aid of the recharge water pipelines so that water resources are protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reservoir and construction method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of groundwater reservoir and construction method thereof.
Background technology
For the Opencut coal mine mining region in severe cold area, strong wind is frequent, drought, and sand material deposition is abundant, cold for a long time, makes soil that desertification, vegetation very easily occur very easily impaired.The exploitation of open coal mine, impacts original underground water operational system, and this fragile ecological environment is worsened more, and the protection utilization of water resource has become the bottleneck problem of restriction Sustainable Development in Mining Areas.
At present, in Opencut coal mine mining process, by geological prospecting, in stripping process, make underground water become mine water, except small part is used as mining area productive life water after treatment, major part is carried out outer row through simple purified treatment, form huge puddle, land occupation on the one hand, on the other hand, because surface water evaporation capacity is larger, a large amount of water resources is evaporated, and has caused huge waste, is difficult to realize effective utilization of water resource.
Therefore, be necessary to design a kind of reservoir, the underground water flowing out while holding exploitation colliery, water conservation, reduces evaporation of water.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to build a kind of groundwater reservoir, the underground water flowing out while holding exploitation colliery, reduces evaporation of water.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has taked following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of distributed earth lower storage reservoir, comprise multiple underground reservoir bodies that are positioned at, it is characterized in that, also comprise recharge water pipeline and connecting pipe.Described reservoir body comprises bottom of the reservior, dam body and reservoir filler, and described reservoir filler fills up the semiclosed region being surrounded by described bottom of the reservior and described dam body.The lower end of described recharge water pipeline is arranged in described reservoir filler, more than upper end extend out to ground.Between multiple described reservoir bodies, be communicated with by the described connecting pipe through described dam body;
Described reservoir filler comprises the first biotite gneiss layer, filtration beds and the second biotite gneiss layer from top to bottom successively.Described the first biotite gneiss layer and the second biotite gneiss layer are formed by block rock deposit, and described filtration beds comprises active carbon and gangue, and described filtration beds just can filter the water getting off from described the first biotite gneiss laminar flow.
Preferably, described distributed earth lower storage reservoir also comprises pumping conduit and water pump.The lower end of described pumping conduit is arranged in described the second biotite gneiss layer, and upper end is exposed more than ground and with described water pump and is connected, more than described water pump is drawn to ground by described pumping conduit by the water in described the second biotite gneiss layer.Like this, can in be stored in described groundwater reservoir and through the water of natural filtration, extract out and be used as productive life water.
Preferably, multiple described reservoir bodies lay respectively at the different At The Height of underground, between multiple described reservoir bodies, connect successively from high to low by described connecting pipe.Further preferably, the two ends of described connecting pipe are communicated with described reservoir filler through the dam body at two described reservoir body maximum volume 90% water level places respectively.Like this, exceed after 90% warning line when being arranged in water that high-order reservoir body stores, unnecessary water can automatically be flow in reservoir body below and be stored by described connecting pipe, thereby as much as possible water is stored in reservoir.
Preferably, the current initiating terminal of described connecting pipe is outside covers filtration beds, thereby has prevented that described connecting pipe from being stopped up by sandstone.
The present invention also provides a kind of construction method of building above-mentioned distributed earth lower storage reservoir, comprising:
(a) the supporting hydraulic engineering in selected distance water source and ground recently and the region of basal bed antiseepage coefficient maximum as the construction site of described distributed earth lower storage reservoir, using described basal bed as bottom of the reservior;
(b) on described bottom of the reservior, build dam body, dam body outside reinforces with layer of concrete;
(c) connecting pipe is communicated with reservoir body described in each through described dam body, water storehouse, the semiclosed region filler being surrounded by described dam body and described bottom of the reservior is carried out to backfill, recharge water pipeline is set simultaneously, makes its lower end be arranged in described reservoir filler, more than upper end extend out to ground;
Described reservoir filler comprises the first biotite gneiss layer, filtration beds and the second biotite gneiss layer.In described step (c), first lay described the second biotite gneiss layer in described bottom of the reservior, lay described filtration beds on described the second biotite gneiss layer top subsequently, finally lay described the first biotite gneiss layer on described filtration beds top.
Preferably, between described reservoir filler and ground, pumping conduit is set, the lower end of described pumping conduit is arranged in described the second biotite gneiss layer, and the upper end of described pumping conduit is exposed more than ground and with a water pump and is connected.
Preferably, multiple described reservoir bodies are positioned at the different At The Height of underground, between multiple described reservoir bodies, connect successively from high to low by described connecting pipe.
Preferably, in step (b) and step (c), offer pipeline via hole at the 90% maximum volume of reservoir place that is positioned at of described dam body, described connecting pipe is passed described dam body by described pipeline via hole.
Preferably, between step (a) and step (b), also comprise the seepage prevention design to described bottom of the reservior.Described seepage prevention design comprises: to being coated with the first smolmitza layer compacting on basal bed; Lay geotechnological antiseepage cloth or geomembrane or layer of concrete on described the first smolmitza layer top, and with the second black clay layer compacting.Why selecting smolmitza, is because exploit out very much a lot of smolmitza in the time of mining, is convenient to gather materials on the spot, and the anti-seepage effect of smolmitza layer is better simultaneously, has so both reduced cost, has reached again antiseepage requirement.
Preferably, in the time that step (b) is built dam body, in the concrete material that described layer of concrete adopts, be added with air entraining agent, contain 33% flyash by weight, and the water-cement ratio of concrete material be 0.5-0.6.Because described distributed earth lower storage reservoir is built in severe cold area, need to meet the requirement of frost resistance and durability, therefore need layer of concrete to carry out freeze proof processing.
By distributed earth lower storage reservoir provided by the invention, the underground water that exploitation is flowed out when colliery can be accommodated in underground reservoir, has reduced taking and the evaporation of moisture ground; Simultaneously; distributed earth lower storage reservoir has been realized connection by the connecting pipe connecting each other; the superfluous water storing between each reservoir body can be distributed automatically; and realize the storage of other position water resources in opencut stripping process by recharge water pipeline; utilize pumping conduit to realize the efficient utilization of water resource; in progress of coal mining, farthest protect local water resource, realized the Sustainable Exploitation in mining area.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal profile schematic diagram of the groundwater reservoir of a kind of detailed description of the invention of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the base structure schematic diagram of the groundwater reservoir shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the dam structure schematic diagram of the groundwater reservoir shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the overall distribution schematic diagram of the groundwater reservoir of a kind of detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
As Figure 1-Figure 4, groundwater reservoir of the present invention comprises reservoir body 1, connecting pipe 2 and recharge water pipeline 31, and wherein reservoir body 1 comprises bottom of the reservior 4, dam body 5 and reservoir filler 6.Reservoir body 1 is trapezoidal dam body 5 around forming by cross section, and dam body 5 and bottom of the reservior 4 define the spatial accommodation of reservoir body 1 jointly, and dam body 5 preferably surrounds into rectangle.
Bottom of the reservior 4 and dam body 5 need to have good barrier performance, and the water holding in reservoir can not run off because of infiltration from reservoir.In the present embodiment, bottom of the reservior 4 comprises smolmitza layer 41, geotechnological antiseepage cloth 42, smolmitza layer 41 and basal bed 43 from top to bottom successively, and wherein geotechnological antiseepage cloth 42 also can be replaced by concrete or geomembrane.The inside of dam body 5 is formed by 51 compacting of smolmitza layer, and outside is provided with layer of concrete 52.Owing to building the severe cold characteristic of Reservoir Area, dam body 5 needs to meet higher freeze proof requirement, and the concrete material that layer of concrete 52 adopts need to add appropriate air entraining agent, produces micro-bubble a large amount of and that be evenly distributed, improves the workability of water coagulation soil.Air entraining agent is mainly used in frost resistance and requires high structure, and its composition mostly is rosin derivative and various sulfonate, and as sodium alkyl sulfonate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, conventional volume is 50～500ppm of cement weight.The concrete material that layer of concrete 52 adopts needs to control water-cement ratio simultaneously, and in general, water-cement ratio is controlled at 0.5-0.6, and mixing 33% flyash can meet the demands simultaneously.
Reservoir filler 6 comprises biotite gneiss layer 61, with the rock of bulk, the space between reservoir body 1 is filled up, and can produce so larger degree of porosity, is convenient to holding of water.On the top of biotite gneiss layer 61, insert recharge water pipeline 31, its lower end is arranged in biotite gneiss layer 61, and basset in upper end, and people can pour water to groundwater reservoir by being exposed at ground pipeline.
In order to purify the water in reservoir, reservoir filler 6 also comprises filtration beds 62, and filtration beds 62 is arranged between upper and lower two biotite gneiss layers 61, and filtration beds 62 is made up of active carbon and gangue, and its thickness is preferably 2 meters of left and right.Can be by self-purification when flow through filtration beds 62 and biotite gneiss layer 61 from recharge water pipeline 31 priming charges.In order to utilize the water source after being cleaned, between reservoir filler 6, insert again pumping conduit 32, the biotite gneiss layer 61 that is arranged in filtration beds 62 belows is inserted in its lower end, basseting and connect a water pump (not shown) in upper end, can extract the water purifying through filtering layer 62 out ground by water pump and be used.
Because reservoir body 1 is the region of building after mining in the open, be difficult to ensure the smooth region of bulk, be therefore difficult to build large-scale groundwater reservoir.For addressing this problem, can build respectively at multiple steps place small-sized reservoir body 1, then by connecting pipe, each reservoir body 1 be connected.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, each reservoir body 1 all arranges a connecting pipe 2, its current initiating terminal (referring to that current are from this end flow ipe) is positioned at the reservoir inside of this reservoir body 1, its end (referring to that current flow out from pipeline from this end) is connected to the reservoir inside of another reservoir body 1, and the two ends of connecting pipe 2 are communicated with these two reservoir bodies 1 through the dam body 5 of these two reservoir bodies 1 at the warning line place (referring to the water level at reservoir maximum volume 90% place) of these two reservoir bodies 1 respectively.The height of building step according to it between multiple reservoir bodies 1 is connected in series from high to low successively, makes to reach after warning line when the reservoir body 1 that is positioned at eminence, and unnecessary water can flow in next reservoir body 1 automatically.For preventing that pipeline from being stopped up by sandstone, the lower end of pumping conduit 32, the current initiating terminal of each connecting pipe 2 all cover with filtration beds.
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the construction method of groundwater reservoir is described.
Step 1: the supporting hydraulic engineering in selected distance water source and ground recently and the region of basal bed antiseepage coefficient maximum as the construction site of described distributed earth lower storage reservoir.
Step 2: seepage prevention design is carried out in bottom of the reservior 4, be coated with smolmitza compacting on basal bed, lay at an upper portion thereof geotechnological antiseepage cloth, and use smolmitza compacting.
Step 3: build dam body 5 on the antiseepage bottom of the reservior of building in step 2, dam body 5 outsides are reinforced by layer of concrete.
Step 4: connecting pipe 2 is communicated with each reservoir body 1 through dam body 5, water storehouse, the semiclosed region filler 6 being surrounded by dam body 5 and bottom of the reservior 4 is carried out to backfill, recharge water pipeline 31 and/or pumping conduit 32 are set simultaneously, make the lower end of recharge water pipeline 31 and/or pumping conduit 32 be arranged in reservoir filler 6, more than upper end extend out to ground.
Preferably, the lower end of recharge water pipeline 31 is positioned at filtration beds more than 62, and the lower end of pumping conduit 32 is positioned at filtration beds below 62.
For realizing above-mentioned steps, need the key technology realizing to comprise:
1. bottom of the reservior seepage prevention design: by geological prospecting, need to carry out the region of seepage control project reinforcing to bottom of the reservior, carrying out, after smooth work, first spreading the smolmitza of one deck compacting, lay geotechnological antiseepage cloth, then adopt smolmitza lamination to fill and lead up in fact.
2. dam body materials and technological design: because reservoir construction area is in bitter cold area, therefore dam body materials need to meet the requirements such as antiseepage, freeze proof and durability.The inner smolmitza layer that adopts of dam body rolls preparation, and outside high strength, antiseepage, the conventional concrete that freeze proof and durability meets the demands of adopting built a dam.
3. backfilling material and technological design: the construction of opencut groundwater reservoir is different from common groundwater reservoir construction, first forms and is similar to Surface reservoir at certain step, in backfilling process, progressively buries, and finally forms groundwater reservoir.If according to the back-filling way of opencut routine, this region may be enriched or degree of porosity less, the designing requirement that does not reach groundwater reservoir.Therefore,, for ensureing larger degree of porosity, must design the material of backfill groundwater reservoir and technique, adopt the principle of drawing materials nearby, utilization is peeled off the block stone in rock stratum and is carried out backfill, builds as required water body filtration layer in centre simultaneously, realizes the purification filtering of water body.
4. between distributed reservoir, connect pipe design: after each reservoir body addressing and building, for realizing the water body scheduling between reservoir, connect by pipeline, form distributed earth lower storage reservoir, realize the allotment of water body, pipe design height will design in conjunction with storage capacity heap(ed) capacity.
By Coal Mining Area in the open choosing rational position, distribute and build groundwater reservoir, be connected by pipeline, form distributed earth lower storage reservoir, realize outer row of water resource, avoid taking a large amount of soils, polluted surface ecological environment, has reduced moisture evaporation; Distributed earth lower storage reservoir has been realized underground storage and the allotment of water resource; and realize the storage of other position water resources in opencut stripping process by recharge water pipeline; utilize pumping conduit to realize the efficient utilization of water resource; in progress of coal mining, farthest protect local water resource, realized the Sustainable Exploitation in mining area.
Above-described embodiment is used for illustrative purposes only; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also should belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be limited by each claim.
Claims (11)
1. a distributed earth lower storage reservoir, comprises multiple underground reservoir bodies that are positioned at, and it is characterized in that, also comprises recharge water pipeline and connecting pipe;
Described reservoir body comprises bottom of the reservior, dam body and reservoir filler, and described reservoir filler fills up the semiclosed region being surrounded by described bottom of the reservior and described dam body;
The lower end of described recharge water pipeline is arranged in described reservoir filler, more than upper end extend out to ground;
Between multiple described reservoir bodies, be communicated with by the described connecting pipe through described dam body;
Described reservoir filler comprises the first biotite gneiss layer, filtration beds and the second biotite gneiss layer from top to bottom successively;
Described the first biotite gneiss layer and the second biotite gneiss layer are formed by block rock deposit, and described filtration beds comprises active carbon and gangue.
2. distributed earth lower storage reservoir according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises pumping conduit and water pump;
The lower end of described pumping conduit is arranged in described the second biotite gneiss layer, and upper end is exposed more than ground and with described water pump and is connected.
3. distributed earth lower storage reservoir according to claim 1, is characterized in that, multiple described reservoir bodies lay respectively at the different At The Height of underground, between multiple described reservoir bodies, connects successively from high to low by described connecting pipe.
4. distributed earth lower storage reservoir according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the two ends of described connecting pipe are communicated with described reservoir filler through the dam body at two described reservoir body maximum volume 90% water level places respectively.
5. according to the distributed earth lower storage reservoir described in any one in claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the outside filtration beds that covers of current initiating terminal of described connecting pipe.
6. a construction method for distributed earth lower storage reservoir, comprising:
(a) the supporting hydraulic engineering in selected distance water source and ground recently and the region of basal bed antiseepage coefficient maximum as the construction site of described distributed earth lower storage reservoir, using described basal bed as bottom of the reservior;
(b) on described bottom of the reservior, build dam body, dam body outside reinforces with layer of concrete;
(c) connecting pipe is communicated with reservoir body described in each through described dam body, water storehouse, the semiclosed region filler being surrounded by described dam body and described bottom of the reservior is carried out to backfill, recharge water pipeline is set simultaneously, make the lower end of described recharge water pipeline be arranged in described reservoir filler, more than upper end extend out to ground;
Described reservoir filler comprises the first biotite gneiss layer, filtration beds and the second biotite gneiss layer;
In described step (c), first lay described the second biotite gneiss layer in described bottom of the reservior, lay described filtration beds on described the second biotite gneiss layer top subsequently, finally lay described the first biotite gneiss layer on described filtration beds top.
7. the construction method of distributed earth lower storage reservoir according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, between described reservoir filler and ground, pumping conduit is set, the lower end of described pumping conduit is arranged in described the second biotite gneiss layer, and the upper end of described pumping conduit is exposed more than ground and with a water pump and is connected.
8. the construction method of distributed earth lower storage reservoir according to claim 6, is characterized in that, multiple described reservoir bodies are positioned at the different At The Height of underground, between multiple described reservoir bodies, connects successively from high to low by described connecting pipe.
9. the construction method of distributed earth lower storage reservoir according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in step (b) and step (c), the 90% maximum volume of reservoir place that is positioned at described dam body offers pipeline via hole, and described connecting pipe is passed described dam body by described pipeline via hole.
10. the construction method of distributed earth lower storage reservoir according to claim 6, is characterized in that, between step (a) and step (b), also comprises the seepage prevention design to described bottom of the reservior;
Described seepage prevention design comprises: to being coated with the first smolmitza layer compacting on basal bed; Lay geotechnological antiseepage cloth or geomembrane or layer of concrete on described the first smolmitza layer top, and with the second black clay layer compacting.
The construction method of 11. distributed earth lower storage reservoirs according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in the time that step (b) is built dam body, in the concrete material that described layer of concrete adopts, be added with air entraining agent, contain 33% flyash by weight, and the water-cement ratio of concrete material is 0.5-0.6.
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| CN113622364B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-09-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Construction method suitable for strip mine underground reservoir with depth larger than 100m in water-poor area |
| CN114108566A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2022-03-01 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Distributed water storage construction method for strip mine |
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| CN1034344A (en) * | 1988-04-12 | 1989-08-02 | 王永泽 | Cyclic water-saving dust-flushing field |
| JP2630847B2 (en) * | 1990-01-30 | 1997-07-16 | 緑営建設 株式会社 | Golf green structure with underground reservoir |
| JP2000228820A (en) * | 1999-02-08 | 2000-08-15 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Cooling system for underground tunnel |
| US7727388B1 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2010-06-01 | Houck Randall J | Septic tank and drainfield products, systems and methods |
| CN2923833Y (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2007-07-18 | 黄振流 | Rain-water recovering utilizing system |
| CN101899821A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2010-12-01 | 上海市环境科学研究院 | Vertical bank protecting zone area source pollution purifying system combined with bank |
| CN102220778A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-19 | 天津海林园艺环保科技工程有限公司 | Seashore solonchak greening and water saving method |
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