CN102749107B - High precision time difference formula monopulse ultrasonic flowmeter system and measuring flow method thereof - Google Patents
High precision time difference formula monopulse ultrasonic flowmeter system and measuring flow method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high precision time difference formula monopulse ultrasonic flowmeter system and measuring method thereof, described method comprises: send control signals to TRx switching unit and single pulse signal transmitting driver element, and transmission standard time delayed signal is to phase demodulation integral unit and utilize the ultrasound wave recorded to calculate ultrasound wave flyback and suitable journey propagation time difference in flowmeter pipeline along journey travel-time and flyback travel-time; Selected ultrasonic transducer; Produce monocycle sine wave signal, and send signal to ultrasonic transducer; Ultrasonic signal is sent to ultrasonic signal processing unit; Ultrasonic signal is carried out filter and amplification, and logical zero passage detection and threshold test determination arriving signal; Arriving signal and described standard time delayed signal are compared, obtain ultrasound wave along journey travel-time and flyback travel-time, and calculate pipeline fluid flows per unit time size according to ultrasound wave along the time difference between journey travel-time and flyback travel-time and pipe diameter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flow measurement technical field, particularly relate to a kind of high precision time difference formula monopulse ultrasonic flowmeter system and measuring flow method thereof.
Background technology
Ultrasonic flow meter is for mechanical type and electromagnetic flow instrument, have the strong adaptability to caliber, range ratio large, without movable member, non-cpntact measurement, zero pressure loses, is easy to the advantages such as maintenance, be regarded as the most promising flow metering devices, be particularly widely used in phosphorus fertility in recent years.
Measuring ultrasonic wave flow carries out mainly through following five steps as a kind of volume metering method:
1) pipe interior ultrasonic probe launches sound wave in a fluid, starts timing, after some time received ultrasonic signal.
2) pre-service is carried out to the ultrasonic signal received, judge sound wave time of arrival, terminate timing, obtain sound travel upstream and downstream sound wave along the journey travel-time.
3) repeat 1), 2) step, but former transmitting transducer becomes receiving transducer, and receiving transducer becomes transmitting transducer, obtains the sound travel upstream and downstream sound wave flyback travel-time.
4) according to along journey and flyback travel-time difference, measure time fluid temperature, and sound wave velocity of propagation in a fluid at such a temperature, calculates rate of flow of fluid.
5) by measuring channel area, and the density value of measuring tempeature fluid under pressure, calculate fluid flow.
Following shortcoming is there is in prior art:
1) existing ultrasonic flow meter adopts multiple-pulse radiating circuit or high pressure narrow-band ping circuit for generating to launch ultrasound wave.But multiple-pulse radiating circuit energy is not concentrated, and Received signal strength first wave amplitude is less, poor signal to noise, receive signal processing circuit is complicated, cost is higher; And when launching ultrasound wave with high pressure narrow-band ping, can not higher order resonances be there is namely can not change completely and send out all frequency contents in pulse signal in commutation pulse signal energy inside in transducer completely, transducer inside is caused to there is high-frequency resonant, produce interference when Received signal strength, can only use as transmitting or reception separately; And take multichannel arrangement to carry out forward and reverse time difference measurements, device is increased, and circuit is complicated, and needs more arrangement space because sound channel increases, and is not suitable for pipe with small pipe diameter fluid-velocity survey.
2) existing ultrasonic flow meter adopts FPGA or CPLD circuit collocation crystal oscillator to carry out timing, system complex and timing resolution is only 5-10ns; Or adopt timing chip TDC-GP2 to develop timing circuit, and although timing resolution can reach 65ps, expensive, account for flowmeter cost than great, be unfavorable for cost control.In addition, when adopting special timing chip to carry out the time difference, the micro-processing controls chip A/D function in flowmeter electronics is left unused, and chip utilization factor is lower.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned middle Problems existing and defect, the invention provides a kind of high precision time difference formula monopulse ultrasonic flow meter and measuring flow method thereof.The method adopts monocycle sinusoidal wave ultrasonic transducer driving circuit, and utilize the inner A/D modular converter development time metering circuit of micro-chip processor, realize high-precision timing function, not only measuring accuracy is high, structure is simply easy to realize, and period utilization factor high, advantage of lower cost be easy to control.
Described technical scheme is as follows:
High precision time difference formula monopulse ultrasonic flowmeter system, described flowmeter comprises: MCU control unit, single pulse signal launch driver element, TRx switching unit, ultrasonic transducer group, ultrasonic signal processing unit and phase demodulation integral unit, described in
MCU control unit, for sending control signals to TRx switching unit and single pulse signal transmitting driver element, and
Transmission standard time delayed signal is to phase demodulation integral unit and utilize the ultrasound wave recorded to calculate ultrasound wave flyback and suitable journey propagation time difference in flowmeter pipeline along journey travel-time and flyback travel-time;
TRx switching unit, selected ultrasonic transducer, namely selected flyback is measured or is measured along journey;
Single pulse signal launches driver element, for generation of monocycle sine wave signal, and sends signal to ultrasonic transducer;
Ultrasonic transducer, comprises transmitting transducer and receiving transducer, for the transmitting and receiving of ultrasonic signal, and ultrasonic signal is sent to ultrasonic signal processing unit;
Ultrasonic signal processing unit, for ultrasonic signal is carried out filter and amplification, and logical zero passage detection and threshold test determination arriving signal;
Phase demodulation integral unit, for arriving signal and described standard time delayed signal being compared, obtains ultrasound wave along journey travel-time and flyback travel-time.
The measuring method of high precision time difference formula monopulse ultrasonic flowmeter system, described method comprises:
Send control signals to TRx switching unit and single pulse signal transmitting driver element, and
Transmission standard time delayed signal is to phase demodulation integral unit and utilize the ultrasound wave recorded to calculate ultrasound wave flyback and suitable journey propagation time difference in flowmeter pipeline along journey travel-time and flyback travel-time;
Selected ultrasonic transducer, namely selected flyback is measured or is measured along journey;
Produce monocycle sine wave signal, and send signal to ultrasonic transducer;
Ultrasonic signal is sent to ultrasonic signal processing unit;
Ultrasonic signal is carried out filter and amplification, and logical zero passage detection and threshold test determination arriving signal;
Arriving signal and described standard time delayed signal are compared, obtain ultrasound wave along journey travel-time and flyback travel-time, and calculate pipeline fluid flows per unit time size according to ultrasound wave along the time difference between journey travel-time and flyback travel-time with pipe diameter.
The beneficial effect of technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Utilize the low pressure source monocycle sine-wave drive circuit that digital delay circuit, LC resonant circuit and magnetic ring transformer design, emitted energy is large, and transmission frequency is consistent with transducer resonance frequency, there is not high-frequency harmonic and remain, and circuit simply, easily realizes.
The present invention utilizes the timing circuit of integrating circuit and micro-processing controls chip A/D functional development, in the small period measurement of 3-100ns, temporal resolution reaches 45ps, measure intermediate-resolution in the 100ns-2us period and reach 100ps, timing accurately, stable performance, system is simple economy more.If improve the control accuracy of standard time delayed signal in addition or adopt the control chip that A/D precision is higher, higher resolution can be reached.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is based on ultrasonic flowmeter system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is based on structure of ultrasonic flowmeter schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is based on ultrasonic flowmeter system measuring method process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that low pressure source monocycle provided by the invention sine wave launches driving circuit;
Fig. 5 is phase demodulation integrating circuit schematic diagram provided by the invention.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail:
See Fig. 1, based on ultrasonic flowmeter system schematic diagram of the present invention, described system comprises: MCU control unit 1, single pulse signal launch driver element 2, TRx switching unit 3, ultrasonic transducer group 4, ultrasonic signal processing unit 5 and phase demodulation integral unit 6, described in
MCU control unit, for sending control signals to TRx switching unit and single pulse signal transmitting driver element, and
Transmission standard time delayed signal is to phase demodulation integral unit and utilize the ultrasound wave recorded to calculate ultrasound wave flyback and suitable journey propagation time difference in flowmeter pipeline along journey travel-time and flyback travel-time;
TRx switching unit, is sent to ultrasonic transducer by the control signal received, and selectes ultrasonic transducer;
Single pulse signal launches driver element, for generation of monocycle sine wave signal, and sends signal to ultrasonic transducer;
Ultrasonic transducer, comprises transmitting transducer and receiving transducer, for the transmitting and receiving of ultrasonic signal, and ultrasonic signal is sent to ultrasonic signal processing unit;
Ultrasonic signal processing unit, for ultrasonic signal is carried out filter and amplification, and logical zero passage detection and threshold test determination arriving signal;
Phase demodulation integral unit, for arriving signal and described standard time delayed signal being compared, obtains ultrasound wave along journey travel-time and flyback travel-time.
Above-mentioned single pulse signal is launched driver element and is comprised digital delay circuit, LC filtering circuit and magnetic ring transformer, produces monocycle impulse signal by described digital delay circuit; Be that the monocycle is sinusoidal wave by monocycle impulse signal filtering by LC filtering circuit; By magnetic ring transformer, low-voltage sine wave signal is boosted to moderate voltage.
Above-mentioned phase demodulation integral unit comprises phase discriminator and Δ t/ Δ u integrating circuit, obtains the square-wave signal of sound wave along the time difference same widths of journey travel-time or flyback travel-time and standard time delayed signal by described phase discriminator; By described Δ t/ Δ u integrating circuit, the square-wave signal of time difference same widths is converted to voltage signal.
Above-mentioned MCU control unit comprises time reference signal generation unit 7 and A/D change-over circuit 8, by described A/D change-over circuit, the magnitude of voltage that Δ t/ Δ u integrating circuit exports is transferred to the digital quantity of MCU control unit computing, and try to achieve time difference size corresponding to analog integration voltage by MCU control unit, calculate fluids within pipes flow velocity according to the time difference, obtain ultrasound wave volumetric flow rate by area of section through the correction of flow correction system.
See Fig. 2 based on structure of ultrasonic flowmeter schematic diagram of the present invention, MCU control unit, single pulse signal launch driver element, TRx switching unit, ultrasonic transducer, filter amplification circuit, amplifying circuit, shaping circuit, phase discriminator, integration control switch, Δ t/ Δ u integrating circuit, A/D change-over circuit and standard time delay module.Above-mentioned TRx switching unit comprises transmission change-over switch and receives change-over switch; Above-mentioned phase discriminator is used for producing the time difference, the time interval of ultrasonic transducer Received signal strength and standard time delay during the time difference, and flyback records the time interval and deducts suitable journey and record the time interval, is the ultrasonic propagation time difference in flowmeter.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of measuring method of high precision time difference formula monopulse ultrasonic flowmeter system, and the method comprises:
Send control signals to TRx switching unit and single pulse signal transmitting driver element, and
Transmission standard time delayed signal is to phase demodulation integral unit and utilize the ultrasound wave recorded to calculate ultrasound wave flyback and suitable journey propagation time difference in flowmeter pipeline along journey travel-time and flyback travel-time;
The control signal received is sent to ultrasonic transducer, and ultrasonic transducer is selected;
Produce monocycle sine wave signal, and send signal to ultrasonic transducer;
Ultrasonic signal is sent to ultrasonic signal processing unit;
Ultrasonic signal is carried out filter and amplification, and logical zero passage detection and threshold test determination arriving signal;
Arriving signal and described standard time delayed signal are compared, obtain ultrasound wave along journey travel-time and flyback travel-time, and calculate fluids within pipes flows per unit time size according to ultrasound wave along the time difference between journey travel-time and flyback travel-time and pipe diameter.
See Fig. 3, based on ultrasonic flowmeter system measuring method flow process of the present invention, specifically comprise:
1) MCU unit sends a control signal to TRx switching unit, and selected ultrasound transmitting transducer and receiver carry out measuring along the journey travel-time;
2) MCU unit sends a control signal to single pulse signal transmitting driver element, drives and launches ultrasonic transducer transmitting ultrasound wave, start standard delay procedure simultaneously, beginning timing;
3) ultrasonic signal is converted to pulse signal via after filtering and amplifying circuit, amplifying circuit and shaping circuit, is sent to phase demodulation integral unit;
4) standard delay procedure interrupts, MCU unit produces standard time delayed signal and delivers to phase demodulation integral unit, and the pulse signal exported with shaping circuit carries out phase demodulation, obtains ultrasound wave relative propagation time, the i.e. mistiming, by Δ t/ Δ u integrating circuit, time period signal is converted to voltage;
5) open MCU unit A/D modular converter, the voltage that integrating circuit exports is converted to digital quantity, and be sent to storer storage.
If the maximal value of A/D modular converter is N, corresponding maximum integral time is t
max, when Δ t/ Δ u integrating circuit exports as Δ u
dtime, after the conversion of A/D change-over circuit, obtain numerical value of N
d, then the time interval (along the journey travel-time) of the pulse of ultrasound wave Received signal strength and standard time delayed signal:
At employing 12 A/D, when standard time delayed signal resolution is 250ns, measure the 100ns time period, precision can reach 43ps.
6) MCU unit sends a control signal to TRx switching unit, and selected former receiving transducer is transmitting transducer, prepares flyback and measures.
7) repeat above-mentioned 2), 3), 4) obtain flyback travel-time t
c.
8) by suitable journey travel-time t
dwith flyback travel-time t
c, obtain ultrasound wave flyback and suitable journey in flowmeter pipeline and propagate time difference Δ t:
Δt＝|t
d-t
c|
See Fig. 4, for low pressure source monocycle sine wave provided by the invention launches driving circuit, this circuit comprises: D-latch 1, D-latch 2, D-latch 3, electric capacity C and magnetic ring transformer L-TRANS.MCU clock signal is after D-latch 1 frequency division, access D-latch 2 and D-latch 3, at the positive half period signal that the Q ~ end output cycle of D-latch 2 and D-latch 3 is 4 times of MCU clock signal periods, after LC series resonant circuit filtering high fdrequency component, become monocycle sinusoidal signal and launch drive singal access ultrasonic transducer as ultrasound wave after magnetic ring transformer L-TRANS boosts.
See Fig. 5, be phase demodulation integrating circuit schematic diagram provided by the invention, this circuit comprises: by D-latch 4, the phase demodulation palace formed with door 1 and the integrating circuit be made up of resistance R1, resistance R2, switch S 1, switch S 2, electric capacity C1 and amplifier 1.The standard time delayed signal produced by MCU unit standard time delay module, is added in the CLR end of D-latch 4 and the input end with door 1 as preset signal, and the ultrasound wave Received signal strength (pulse) held with access CLK carries out phase demodulation; And the output of door 1 is the time difference between standard time delayed signal and ultrasound wave Received signal strength, and using the control signal of this time difference signal as integral restrictor S1, S2, select the size and Orientation of integration current.The output of integrator and the linear voltage of time difference size, the A/D module of access MCU unit quantizes.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. high precision time difference formula monopulse ultrasonic flowmeter system, it is characterized in that, described system comprises: MCU control unit, single pulse signal launch driver element, TRx switching unit, ultrasonic transducer group, ultrasonic signal processing unit and phase demodulation integral unit, described in
MCU control unit, is built-in with standard time delayed signal generation unit and A/D circuit, for sending control signals to TRx switching unit and single pulse signal transmitting driver element, and
Transmission standard time delayed signal is to phase demodulation integral unit and utilize the ultrasound wave recorded to calculate ultrasound wave flyback and suitable journey propagation time difference in flowmeter pipeline along journey travel-time and flyback travel-time;
Described A/D change-over circuit transfers the magnitude of voltage that Δ t/ Δ u integrating circuit exports the digital quantity of MCU control unit computing to, and try to achieve time difference size corresponding to analog integration voltage by MCU control unit, calculate fluids within pipes flow velocity according to the time difference, obtain ultrasound wave volumetric flow rate by area of section through the correction of flow correction system;
TRx switching unit, selected ultrasonic transducer group, namely selected flyback is measured or is measured along journey;
Single pulse signal launches driver element, for generation of monocycle sine wave signal, and sends signal to ultrasonic transducer group;
Ultrasonic transducer group, comprises transmitting transducer and receiving transducer, for the transmitting and receiving of ultrasonic signal, and ultrasonic signal is sent to ultrasonic signal processing unit;
Ultrasonic signal processing unit, for ultrasonic signal is carried out filter and amplification, and logical zero passage detection and threshold test determination arriving signal;
Phase demodulation integral unit, for arriving signal and described standard time delayed signal are compared, obtain ultrasound wave along journey travel-time and flyback travel-time, and calculating pipeline fluid flows per unit time size according to ultrasound wave along the time difference between journey travel-time and flyback travel-time and pipe diameter, described phase demodulation integral unit comprises Δ t/ Δ u integrating circuit.
2. high precision time difference formula monopulse ultrasonic flowmeter system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described single pulse signal is launched driver element and is comprised digital delay circuit, LC filtering circuit and magnetic ring transformer, produces monocycle impulse signal by described digital delay circuit; Be that the monocycle is sinusoidal wave by monocycle impulse signal filtering by LC filtering circuit; By magnetic ring transformer, low-voltage sine wave signal is boosted to moderate voltage.
3. high precision time difference formula monopulse ultrasonic flowmeter system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described phase demodulation integral unit comprises phase discriminator and Δ t/ Δ u integrating circuit, obtains the square-wave signal of ultrasound wave along the time difference same widths of journey travel-time or flyback travel-time and standard time delayed signal by described phase discriminator; By described Δ t/ Δ u integrating circuit, the square-wave signal of time difference same widths is converted to voltage signal.
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