CN102747296B - Austenitic stainless steel and its preparation method - Google Patents
Austenitic stainless steel and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102747296B CN102747296B CN201210184417.9A CN201210184417A CN102747296B CN 102747296 B CN102747296 B CN 102747296B CN 201210184417 A CN201210184417 A CN 201210184417A CN 102747296 B CN102747296 B CN 102747296B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an austenitic stainless steel and its preparation method, the austenitic stainless steel comprises the following ingredients by weight percentage: 19-21% of Al, 9-11% of Cr, 4.5-6.5% of Ni, less than or equal to 1.2% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.6% of Si, less than or equal to 0.05% of C and the balance of Fe2O3; and the method comprises the following steps: the reaction materials are weighted according to above proportion, the reaction materials are subjected to ball milling and compacting, a detonator is put on its surface, then put in a reaction container, and argon is introduced for the reaction; along with the raising of the temperature, the detonator starts the reaction to release a lot of heat, the reaction among the reaction materials can be triggered; and the products are cooled in a furnace to the room temperature under the protection of argon to prepare the stainless steel material, the obtained stainless steel material is put in a thermal treatment furnace for isothermal treatment at the temperature of 800 DEG C and 1000 DEG C for 6-8 hours to obtain the austenitic stainless steel material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of preparing of stainless material.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel is in stainless steel in most important steel, turnout and usage quantity account for 70% of stainless steel ultimate production and consumption, it has that glossiness is good, solidity to corrosion and the characteristics such as thermotolerance is strong, is widely used in the industries such as oil, chemical industry, light industry, food, medicine.Although austenitic stainless steel has high tenacity, high-ductility and good machinability; but intensity is lower; generally to be subject in use tensile, compressive, bending, turn round, the various load such as impact; the inefficacy of the forms such as excessive deformation, surface damage, size change or fracture usually can occur; therefore further improve its intensity and can reduce to a great extent its consumption; reduce the consumption of resource, and social Sustainable development is had great significance.
Summary of the invention
the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind ofaustenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof.
The present invention is austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof, austenitic stainless steel, and based on 304 stainless steels, by weight percentage, its component is: Al 19 ~ 21%, Cr 9 ~ 11%, Ni 4.5 ~ 6.5%, Mn≤1.2%, Si≤0.6%, C≤0.05%, surplus is Fe
2o
3.
The preparation method of austenitic stainless steel, the steps include:
(1) take the reactant starting material by the above stainless steel material composition proportioning;
(2) powder weighed up is mixed 8 ~ 16 hours in ball mill, then the reaction mass mixed be placed in to the copper mould of being furnished with the copper ground and use pressing machine compacting under the pressure of 30 ~ 60MPa, put detonator on its surface, then reacted in reaction vessel;
(3) get rid of air heating wherein with the argon purge reaction vessel under room temperature, exhaust again when vessel temp rises to 180 ~ 200 ℃ by the time, the argon gas that then passes into 4 ~ 7MPa continues the rising vessel temp;
(4) when in container, temperature reaches 250 ~ 270 ℃, detonator starts to react and discharge a large amount of heat, the reaction of initiation reaction storeroom;
(5) product generated cools to room temperature with the furnace and makes stainless material under argon shield;
(4) stainless material prepared is put into to heat treatment furnace and carried out 800 ~ 1000 ℃ of isothermal processes after 6 ~ 8 hours, obtain austenitic stainless steel material.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, Production Flow Chart is simple, and energy consumption is low, availablely low-cost obtains high-intensity austenitic stainless steel, and pollutes littlely, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Through X-ray diffraction technology and transmission electron microscope, characterize, 304 stainless steels that prepare are by the austenite phase composite, and material be take nanocrystalline as main, by the nanocrystalline and brilliant composite diphase material formed of micron.Wherein the grain-size of nanometer crystalline phase is between 10 ~ 90nm, and nanocrystalline content is 80 ~ 85% left and right, and micron crystalline phase grain-size is 0.2mm ~ 2mm.
The stainless material prepared is put into to heat treatment furnace and carries out 800 ~ 1000 ℃ of isothermal processes after 6 ~ 8 hours, prepare high-intensity nanocrystalline/micron brilliant two-phase 304 austenitic stainless steel materials.To after isothermal processes nanocrystalline/micron a brilliant two-phase stainless steel carried out the room temperature tensile performance test.Draw speed is 0.2mm/min, and yield strength is 400 MPa ~ 500MPa, and tensile strength is 900 MPa ~ 1100MPa.
Embodiment
The present invention is austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof, austenitic stainless steel, and based on 304 stainless steels, by weight percentage, its component is: Al 19 ~ 21%, Cr 9 ~ 11%, Ni 4.5 ~ 6.5%, Mn≤1.2%, Si≤0.6%, C≤0.05%, surplus is Fe
2o
3.
The preparation method of austenitic stainless steel, the steps include:
(1) take the reactant starting material by the above stainless steel material composition proportioning;
(2) powder weighed up is mixed 8 ~ 16 hours in ball mill, then the reaction mass mixed be placed in to the copper mould of being furnished with the copper ground and use pressing machine compacting under the pressure of 30 ~ 60MPa, put detonator on its surface, then reacted in reaction vessel;
(3) get rid of air heating wherein with the argon purge reaction vessel under room temperature, exhaust again when vessel temp rises to 180 ~ 200 ℃ by the time, the argon gas that then passes into 4 ~ 7MPa continues the rising vessel temp;
(4) when in container, temperature reaches 250 ~ 270 ℃, detonator starts to react and discharge a large amount of heat, the reaction of initiation reaction storeroom;
(5) product generated cools to room temperature with the furnace and makes stainless material under argon shield;
(4) stainless material prepared is put into to heat treatment furnace and carried out 800 ~ 1000 ℃ of isothermal processes after 6 ~ 8 hours, obtain austenitic stainless steel material.
Embodiment 1:
Based on 304 stainless steels, by weight percentage, the component of austenitic stainless steel is as shown in table 1:
Table 1.
| Raw material | Fe 2O 3 | Al | Cr | Ni | Mn | Si | C |
| 304 | 62.67 | 20 | 11 | 4.5 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.03 |
Take the reactant starting material by table 1, the powder weighed up is mixed 8 hours in ball mill, then the reaction mass mixed be placed in to the copper mould of being furnished with the copper ground and use pressing machine compacting under the pressure of 40MPa, put detonator on its surface, then in reaction vessel, reacted, get rid of air wherein with the argon purge reaction vessel under room temperature, exhaust again when vessel temp rises to 180 ℃ by the time, the argon gas that then passes into 5MPa continues the rising vessel temp.When in container, temperature reaches 260 ℃, detonator starts to react and discharge a large amount of heat, thus the reaction of initiation reaction storeroom.Reaction completes in several seconds; the product generated cools to room temperature with the furnace and makes stainless material under argon shield; through X-ray diffraction technology and transmission electron microscope, characterize; prepare stainless steel by the austenite phase composite; material be take nanocrystalline as main, by the nanocrystalline and brilliant composite diphase material formed of micron.Wherein micron Jingjing particle size scope is 0.2 μ m ~ 0.5 μ m, and nanocrystalline average grain size is 18.61nm, and nanocrystalline volume fraction accounts for 85%.
The stainless material prepared is put into to heat treatment furnace and carries out 800 ℃ of isothermal processes after 8 hours, prepare high-intensity nanocrystalline/micron brilliant two-phase austenitic stainless steel material.Its tensile yield strength σ
0.2for 475MPa and tensile strength sigma
bfor 1001MPa has improved one times nearly than hot-rolled sheet material intensity.
Embodiment 2:
Based on 304 stainless steels, by weight percentage, the component of austenitic stainless steel is as shown in table 2:
?table 2.
| Raw material | Fe 2O 3 | Al | Cr | Ni | Mn | Si | C |
| 304 | 64.37 | 19 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 0.6 | 0.03 |
Take the reactant starting material by table 2, the powder weighed up is mixed 10 hours in ball mill, then the reaction mass mixed be placed in to the copper mould of being furnished with the copper ground and use pressing machine compacting under the pressure of 50MPa, put detonator on its surface, then in reaction vessel, reacted, get rid of air wherein with the argon purge reaction vessel under room temperature, exhaust again when vessel temp rises to 180 ℃ by the time, the argon gas that then passes into 6MPa continues the rising vessel temp.When in container, temperature reaches 260 ℃, detonator starts to react and discharge a large amount of heat, thus the reaction of initiation reaction storeroom.Reaction completes in several seconds; the product generated cools to room temperature with the furnace and makes stainless material under argon shield; through X-ray diffraction technology and transmission electron microscope, characterize; prepare stainless steel by the austenite phase composite; wherein micron Jingjing particle size scope is 0.5 μ m ~ 1 μ m; nanocrystalline average grain size is 21.46nm, and nanocrystalline volume fraction is 80% left and right.
The stainless material prepared is put into to heat treatment furnace and carries out 800 ℃ of isothermal processes after 7 hours, prepare high-intensity nanocrystalline/micron brilliant two-phase austenitic stainless steel material.Its tensile yield strength σ
0.2for 493MPa and tensile strength sigma
bfor 1100MPa is more than doubled than hot-rolled sheet material intensity.
Embodiment 3:
Based on 304 stainless steels, by weight percentage, the component of austenitic stainless steel is as shown in table 3:
Table 3.
| Raw material | Fe 2O 3 | Al | Cr | Ni | Mn | Si | C |
| 304 | 63.17 | 19 | 11 | 5 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.03 |
Take the reactant starting material, the powder weighed up is mixed 8 hours in ball mill, then the reaction mass mixed be placed in to the copper mould of being furnished with the copper ground and use pressing machine compacting under the pressure of 50MPa, put detonator on its surface, then in reaction vessel, reacted, get rid of air wherein with the argon purge reaction vessel under room temperature, exhaust again when vessel temp rises to 180 ℃ by the time, the argon gas that then passes into 5MPa continues the rising vessel temp.When in container, temperature reaches 260 ℃, detonator starts to react and discharge a large amount of heat, thus the reaction of initiation reaction storeroom.Reaction completes in several seconds; the product generated cools to room temperature with the furnace and makes stainless material under argon shield; through X-ray diffraction technology and transmission electron microscope, characterize; prepare stainless steel by the austenite phase composite; wherein micron Jingjing particle size scope is 0.2 μ m ~ 0.8 μ m; nanocrystalline average grain size is 20.36nm, and nanocrystalline volume fraction is 82% left and right.
The stainless material prepared is put into to heat treatment furnace and carries out 800 ℃ of isothermal processes after 8 hours, prepare high-intensity nanocrystalline/micron brilliant two-phase austenitic stainless steel material.Its tensile yield strength σ
0.2for 482MPa and tensile strength sigma
bfor 1056MPa all than hot-rolled sheet material intensity be doubled the left and right.
Claims (3)
1. austenitic stainless steel, based on 304 stainless steels, by weight percentage, its component is: Al 19 ~ 21%, Cr 9 ~ 11%, Ni 4.5 ~ 6.5%, Mn≤1.2%, Si≤0.6%, C≤0.05%, surplus is Fe
2o
3.
2.
austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1, is characterized in thatit is by the nanocrystalline and brilliant composite diphase material that forms of micron; The grain-size of nanometer crystalline phase is between 10 ~ 90nm, and nanocrystalline content is 80 ~ 85%; Micron crystalline phase grain-size is 0.2mm ~ 2mm; Yield strength is 400 MPa ~ 500MPa, and tensile strength is 900 MPa ~ 1100MPa.
3. the preparation method of austenitic stainless steel, the steps include:
(1) take the reactant starting material according to stainless steel material composition proportioning in claim 1;
(2) powder weighed up is mixed 8 ~ 16 hours in ball mill, then the reaction mass mixed be placed in to the copper mould of being furnished with the copper ground and use pressing machine compacting under the pressure of 30 ~ 60MPa, put detonator on its surface, then reacted in reaction vessel;
(3) get rid of air heating wherein with the argon purge reaction vessel under room temperature, exhaust again when vessel temp rises to 180 ~ 200 ℃ by the time, the argon gas that then passes into 4 ~ 7MPa continues the rising vessel temp;
(4) when in container, temperature reaches 250 ~ 270 ℃, detonator starts to react and discharge a large amount of heat, the reaction of initiation reaction storeroom;
(5) product generated cools to room temperature with the furnace and makes stainless material under argon shield;
(4) stainless material prepared is put into to heat treatment furnace and carried out 800 ~ 1000 ℃ of isothermal processes after 6 ~ 8 hours, obtain austenitic stainless steel material.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210184417.9A CN102747296B (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2012-06-06 | Austenitic stainless steel and its preparation method |
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|---|---|---|---|
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|---|---|
| CN102747296A CN102747296A (en) | 2012-10-24 |
| CN102747296B true CN102747296B (en) | 2014-01-01 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1942596A (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2007-04-04 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Austenitic stainless steel, method for producing same and structure using same |
| CN101892437A (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2010-11-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Good-mirror polishability low-magnetic austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
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2012
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1942596A (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2007-04-04 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Austenitic stainless steel, method for producing same and structure using same |
| CN101892437A (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2010-11-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Good-mirror polishability low-magnetic austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
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