CN102743195A

CN102743195A - Skin biopsy trepan

Info

Publication number: CN102743195A
Application number: CN2012102588220A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李国英
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-07-17
Filing date: 2012-07-17
Publication date: 2012-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-17
Also published as: CN102743195B

Abstract

The invention discloses a skin biopsy trepan, belonging to a medical instrument. The skin biopsy trepan comprises a drill rod, a drill bit and a handle, wherein a piston and a push-pull rod are arranged in the drill rod; the handle is vertically arranged on one side of the upper end of the drill rod; a sliding pin is arranged in the handle and is provided with a wedged head for positioning the push-pull rod; the drill bit comprises a drill bit main body, a circular cutter and a slide bushing; the slide bushing is positioned outside the drill bit main body; a return spring is arranged below the slide bushing; the circular cutter is arranged outside the slide bushing; the lower end of the drill bit main body is provided with a perforated plate; and the lower end of the perforated plate is provided with a rubber pad. The skin biopsy trepan has the advantages of rational structure, convenience in operation and capabilities of greatly improving the sampling efficiency of pathological specimens and reliving the pain of a patient.

Description

A kind of trephine for skin biopsy

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of medical instruments, relate in particular to a kind of instrument that is used for the dermal tissue harvesting Pathologic specimen.

Background technology

Along with the deterioration of environment, and it is more and more to touch the electronic product radiation in living, working, and it is higher to cause dermopathic in recent years disease to send out rate.In dermopathic diagnosis and therapeutic process; Skin histopathology's diagnosis has significant values; The method of Pathologic specimen collection at present mainly contains operation and cuts method, trepan method and cut method; Wherein, it is comparatively general that the trepan method is used, and is specially adapted to less early stage skin lesion or is confined to show shallow place or operation cuts difficult person.Corneal trephine is the implementation tool of trepan method, and its front end has circular cutter, after trepan is got into patient's subcutaneous tissue, takes off trepan, clamps BIAO and BEN with tweezers, cuts BIAO and BEN with knife or scissors at fat deposit, finally accomplishes the pathology sampling; This operating process is comparatively complicated, easy squeeze and destroy BIAO and BEN or blocked up, excessive because of BIAO and BEN, and ring cutting causes the BIAO and BEN incisxal edge not sharp keen neat repeatedly, and the tangent plane shape is owed regular grade and is respectively acted during a vacancy a little, influences the pathological observation result.

Publication number 201939391U discloses a kind of negative pressure trephine for skin biopsy; It comprises the cylindrical shape trepan body of both ends open; Trepan body front end is the Ring-shape cutter of annular, it is characterized in that, in the trepan body, is provided with the round rubber plug; Rubber stopper is perpendicular to trepan body inwall, and metal pull bar front end and rubber stopper are hinged, trepan body rear end is stretched out in the metal pull bar rear end.This trepan leans on the inner negative pressure of trepan body that Pathologic specimen is adsorbed in use in theory, but in actual mechanical process; Because skin is comparatively soft, the inner negative pressure that produces of trepan body is difficult to put on uniformly on the skin, finally causes turning on the part; Thereby destroy trepan body internal negative pressure, cause dermal pathology to take out failure, in addition; Receive the trepan structural limitations, use also very inconvenience of operation.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of design science, easy to operate, have ring cutting, take out the histopathology function, reduce the trephine for skin biopsy of dermal pathology sampling difficulty.

For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: a kind of trephine for skin biopsy, and it comprises:

Drilling rod, its in a tubular form, the push-pull bar that inside is provided with piston and links to each other with piston, push-pull bar one side has the profile of tooth breach; The drilling rod lower end is provided with the external screw thread that is used to connect drill bit;

Handle is vertically set on a side of drilling rod upper end; Handle is provided with slotted eye along its length at drilling rod one end, is provided with sliding pin in the slotted eye, and sliding pin is provided with the sphenocephaly that cooperates with the profile of tooth breach at nearly push-pull bar one end, and the other end then is provided with back-moving spring; Handle is provided with and drives the slide key that sliding pin moves;

Drill bit comprises drill main body, circular cutter, sliding sleeve; The drill main body upper end is provided with the female thread that is used for jointed rod; Sliding sleeve is positioned at the drill main body outside, can axially move back and forth along drill main body within the specific limits, and the sliding sleeve downside is provided with back-moving spring; Sliding sleeve is provided with the circular cutter of its circumferential movement relatively outward; The drill main body lower end is provided with orifice plate, and orifice plate is provided with equally distributed suction hole, and orifice plate lower end edge edge is provided with a circle rubber cushion.

Its operation principle is: when carrying out the pathology sampling, the drill bit orifice plate is replaced on skin, with the downward driving ring cutting knife of hands; Because the existence of sliding sleeve, circular cutter moves down with sliding sleeve, behind contacting skin; The rotating ring cutting knife continues to let circular cutter move down on one side on one side, after piercing the suitable degree of depth, and the trip ring cutting knife; It resets under the effect of back-moving spring, promptly leaves skin; Upwards spur push-pull bar this moment, when skin is produced enough suction, unclamp push-pull bar; It positions through sphenocephaly, and orifice plate is provided with a plurality of suctions hole, can produce suction to skin uniformly; And the rubber cushion around the orifice plate is equivalent to a sucker; Further guaranteed the combine dynamics of drill bit with skin, through handle, upwards spurring drilling rod can be taken off the dermal pathology BIAO and BEN by body surface at last.

The present invention has following beneficial effect: because drill bit bottom is provided with orifice plate, orifice plate is provided with inhales the hole, and periphery is provided with rubber cushion, and it is even to the suction of skin to have guaranteed that drilling rod produces after the negative pressure, and can avoid the local skin distortion and destroy the drilling rod internal negative pressure; Circular cutter on the drill bit can with respect to drill main body axially, circumferential movement, and be provided with resetting means, reduced the operation easier of ring cutting step; Its reasonable in design, operation is very easy, improved the sampling efficiency of Pathologic specimen greatly, brings convenience to medical work, reduced misery to patient, has significant practicality and novelty.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the profile of bit part along central shaft.

Fig. 3 cuts perspective view open for bit part.

Among the figure, 1, drill bit, 2, piston, 3, push-pull bar, 4, sphenocephaly, 5, push-pull handle; 6, profile of tooth breach, 7, slide key, 8, back-moving spring, 9, handle, 10, sliding pin; 11, drilling rod, 12, drill main body, 13, sliding sleeve, 14, ball, 15, circular cutter; 16, back-moving spring, 17, rubber cushion, 18, orifice plate, 19, inhale the hole, 20, female thread.

The specific embodiment

Shown in accompanying drawing 1, drilling rod 11 in a tubular form, the push-pull bar 3 that inside is provided with piston 2 and links to each other with piston 2, push-pull bar 3 one sides have profile of tooth breach 6; Drilling rod 11 lower ends are through the drill bit 1 that has been threaded; Handle 9 is vertically set on a side of drilling rod 11 upper ends, and the end that handle 9 is connected with drilling rod 11 is provided with slotted eye along its length, is provided with sliding pin 10 in the slotted eye; Sliding pin 10 outer ends are provided with sphenocephaly 4, and the other end then is provided with back-moving spring 8, under the thrust of back-moving spring 8; Sphenocephaly 4 remains the trend that outwards moves; It replaces cooperation with profile of tooth breach 6, can position push-pull bar 3 positions, and handle 9 is provided with and drives the slide key 7 that sliding pin 10 moves.

Convenience when operating for improving, push-pull bar 3 upper ends can add push-pull handle 5.

Referring to accompanying drawing 2, shown in 3, drill bit 1 comprises drill main body 12, circular cutter 15, sliding sleeve 13; Drill main body 12 upper ends are provided with the female thread 20 that is used for jointed rod 11; Sliding sleeve 13 is positioned at drill main body 12 outsides, can axially move back and forth along drill main body 12 within the specific limits, and sliding sleeve 13 downsides are provided with back-moving spring 16; The sliding sleeve 13 outer circular cutters 15 of its circumferential movement relatively that are provided with; Drill main body 12 lower ends are provided with orifice plate 18, and orifice plate 18 is provided with equally distributed suction hole 19, and orifice plate 18 lower end edge edges are provided with a circle rubber cushion 17.

Described sliding sleeve 13 can axially move back and forth along drill main body 12 within the specific limits, must guarantee it at drill main body 12 bottom the time, and circular cutter 15 lower ends are positioned at orifice plate below 18; After back-moving spring 16 drove it and resets, circular cutter 15 lower ends were positioned at orifice plate more than 18.

Its operation principle is: when carrying out the pathology sampling, the orifice plate 18 of drill bit 1 is replaced on skin, with the downward driving ring cutting knife 15 of hands; Because the existence of sliding sleeve 13, circular cutter 15 moves down with sliding sleeve 13, behind contacting skin; Rotating ring cutting knife 15 continues to let circular cutter 15 move down on one side on one side; After piercing the suitable degree of depth, trip ring cutting knife 15 resets under the effect of back-moving spring 16 and promptly leaves skin; When skin is produced enough suction, unclamp push-pull bar 3 with drawing on the push-pull bar 3 this moment; It positions through sphenocephaly 4, and orifice plate 18 is provided with a plurality of suctions hole 19, can produce suction to skin uniformly; And the rubber cushion 17 around the orifice plate 18 is equivalent to a sucker; Further guaranteed the combine dynamics of drill bit 1 with skin, through handle 9, upwards spurring drilling rod 11 can be taken off the dermal pathology BIAO and BEN by body surface at last.

Claims

1. trephine for skin biopsy is characterized in that it comprises:

2. a kind of trephine for skin biopsy as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the push-pull bar upper end adds push-pull handle.

3. a kind of trephine for skin biopsy as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: described sliding sleeve (13) can axially move back and forth along drill main body (12) within the specific limits; Must guarantee it at drill main body (12) bottom the time, circular cutter (15) lower end is positioned at below the orifice plate (18); After back-moving spring (16) drove it and resets, circular cutter (15) lower end was positioned at more than the orifice plate (18).