CN102739134A - Operation method and operation system of synchronous motor - Google Patents
Operation method and operation system of synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102739134A CN102739134A CN201110088448XA CN201110088448A CN102739134A CN 102739134 A CN102739134 A CN 102739134A CN 201110088448X A CN201110088448X A CN 201110088448XA CN 201110088448 A CN201110088448 A CN 201110088448A CN 102739134 A CN102739134 A CN 102739134A
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- motor
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Abstract
The invention discloses an operation method and an operation system of a synchronous motor. The operation system of the synchronous motor comprises a controller, a program control unit, a switching control circuit and an encoder, wherein the controller provides power for the motor and records current parameters and a connection method of the motor, the program control unit receives signals of the controller and sets a next connection method of the motor, the switching control circuit comprises a plurality of switches connected with stator windings and selectively connects the switches according to the signals of the program control unit, and the encoder receives instructions sent by the controller to carry out phase adjustment. According to the invention, the operation system of the synchronous motor can be adopted to replace a combination of a traditional asynchronous motor and a gearbox to carry out speed regulation. Not only can purposes above be achieved, but also simplifying transmission devices of machinery can be realized, and efficiency improving and cost saving can be achieved, and energy consumption can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Motor Control Field, relate to a kind of operation method of synchronous motor specifically.
The invention still further relates to a kind of operational system of motor, is a kind of operational system of permanent magnet synchronous motor specifically.
Background technology
Present permanent magnet synchronous motor is all with the fixing method that connects (Y connects or Δ connects) operation.During the permanent magnet synchronous motor operation, along with rotating speed raises, because the decision of the characteristic of permanent magnet, the weak magnetic property of permanent magnet synchronous motor is relatively poor, and back-emf will raise along with the rising of rotating speed, limit the operation area of permanent magnet synchronous motor.General permanent magnet synchronous motor is a speed regulation by constant torque below rated speed (nN), more than rated speed (nN), is below rated speed, can realize constant-power speed regulation speed regulation by constant torque, but can not realize constant-power speed regulation.See Fig. 1, be the torque-speed curve of existing synchronous motor.Like this, be difficult to take into account simultaneously low speed and high speed performance, especially need big range of speeds constant-power speed regulation occasion, have to use gear, through mechanical speed change, in the hope of reaching the purpose of constant-power speed regulation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of operation method of synchronous motor, and motor is operated in the permanent power region, and improves maximum (top) speed.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of operation method of synchronous motor; Said motor comprises many group threephase stator windings, procedure control unit and control switching circuit; Said operation method is: export when constant when motor operates in power (1), and procedure control unit judges that the stator winding of this moment connects method; (2) when stator winding is Y-connection, procedure control unit connects method through the control switching circuit change, transfers delta connection to by star connection; When stator winding was the triangle connection, procedure control unit connect method through the control switching circuit change, transfers star connection to by delta connection; (3) connect and wait for that motor is in permanent power output state after method changes next time.
Preferably, said control switching circuit is to comprise a plurality of switches that are connected with stator winding, splits to close according to the signal of procedure control unit and carries out the selectivity connection.
Preferably, when stator winding connects method generation transformation, poor through the compensation of the encoder in motor electrical degree.
Preferably, said electrical degree difference is ± 30 °.
The operation method of synchronous motor involved in the present invention can be expanded the velocity interval of permanent magnet synchronous motor, and can realize the stairstepping constant-power speed regulation in the big range of speeds.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve provides the operational system that a kind of and above-mentioned operation method adapts.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of operational system of synchronous motor is characterized in that comprising:
Controller provides motor power, writes down the motor parameter current and connects method;
Procedure control unit receives the signal of said controller, sets the motor next one and connects method;
Control switching circuit comprises a plurality of switches that are connected with stator winding, splits according to the signal of procedure control unit and puts into
The row selectivity connects;
Encoder is accepted the instruction that controller sends and is carried out phase adjusted.
Preferably, said encoder is located on the motor, and when stator winding connect method and connects method and change, controller was poor to encoder compensation electrical degree.
Preferably, said electrical degree difference is ± 30 °.
Adopt the operational system of synchronous motor involved in the present invention, what can replace traditional asynchronous motor and gearbox combines to carry out speed governing.Not only can achieve the above object, and can simplify the transmission device of plant equipment, and raise the efficiency, practice thrift cost, and cut down the consumption of energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the torque-speed curve of existing synchronous motor.
Fig. 2 is the method that specifically connects of state 1 to state 3 in the table 1 in the embodiment, wherein T
o(o=1,2,3 ...)
Be each stator winding end.
Fig. 3 connects the pairing torque-speed curve of method among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the operational system of the synchronous motor that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 5 is original Digit Control Machine Tool speed-regulating scheme sketch map.
Fig. 6 is the Digit Control Machine Tool speed-regulating scheme sketch map after the employing technical scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment
The operation method of the synchronous motor that the present invention relates to comprises many group threephase stator windings, procedure control unit and control switching circuit, and said operation method is:
(1) export when constant when motor operates in power, procedure control unit judges that the stator winding of this moment connects method;
(2) when stator winding is Y-connection, procedure control unit connects method through the control switching circuit change, transfers delta connection (Δ connects) to by star connection (Y connects); When stator winding was delta connection, procedure control unit connect method through the control switching circuit change, transfers star connection to by delta connection;
(3) connect and wait for the permanent power transfer of motor next time after method changes.
Said control switching circuit is to comprise a plurality of switches that are connected with stator winding, splits to close according to the signal of procedure control unit and carries out the selectivity connection.
In addition, when stator winding connect method generation transformation, controller was poor to the compensation of the encoder in motor electrical degree.Said electrical degree difference is ± 30 °.
Synchronous machine respectively connects the correlation formula (a is the way of propping up of threephase stator winding, and n is the winding wire number of turns on each bar branch road) as follows after the method conversion:
When a was constant before and after transformation, aY connect change a Δ and connects back induced potential relation formula:
E
aΔ＝1.732×E
aY (1)
Constant when connecing method, when a changed, aY (a Δ) met change naY (na Δ) and connects back induced potential relation formula:
E
NaY=n * E
AYOr E
The na Δ=n * E
The a Δ(2)
When a when connecing method and all change, a Δ (aY) connects and becomes naY (na Δ) and connect back induced potential relation formula:
E
NaY=n/1.732 * E
The a ΔOr E
The na Δ=n * 1.732 * E
AY(3)
The electromotive force equation of synchronous machine is (U: motor phase voltage; I: stator phase current; Z: stator impedance; E: back-emf):
U＝E+I×Z (4)
Can be known by formula (1): when stator winding a does not change, no matter be that Y connects and becomes Δ and connect, still Δ meets change Y and connects, and can both change back-emf E;
Can know by formula (2): do not change star, delta-connection and only change a and also can change back-emf E;
Can be known by formula (3): variable, delta-connection and a also can change back-emf E simultaneously;
Can be known by formula (4): motor phase voltage U must be greater than back-emf E;
Because back-emf is directly proportional with rotating speed under the certain situation in magnetic field.Therefore, carry out winding conversion after, permagnetic synchronous motor back-emf E increases or reduces, then the permanent magnet motor rated speed is along with increasing or reduce, and then torque then reduces or increases.The operation method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor that the present invention relates to is to connect the method combination through different stator winding; Back electromotive force with the adjustment permanent magnet synchronous motor; And then raising permanent magnet synchronous motor operation area; Reached the stairstepping constant-power speed regulation characteristic in the big range of speeds, the great like this scope of application that improves permanent magnet synchronous motor, permanent power is directly driven becomes possibility.Should be noted that after permanent magnet synchronous motor Y connect and connects conversion with Δ, the encoder angle was regulated (Y connects the difference that is connected to 30 degree electrical degrees with Δ) by controller.
If every phase stator coil number is 2, then stator winding connects method and makes up 1 (wherein parameter n, a and last same) that see the following form:
| State | 1 | 2 | 3 | ...... |
| n | 2 | 2 | 1 | ...... |
| a | 1 | 1 | 2 | ...... |
| Connect method | 1Y | 1Δ | 2Y | ...... |
Table 1
See Fig. 2, be the method that specifically connects of state in the last table 1,2,3, wherein T
o(o=1,2,3 ...) be each stator winding end, and Fig. 3 connects the pairing torque-speed curve of method among Fig. 2.Obviously, connect the velocity interval that the method conversion can be expanded permanent magnet synchronous motor.
If every phase stator coil number is 16, then stator winding connects method and makes up 2 (wherein parameter n, a and last same) that see the following form:
| State | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| n | 16 | 16 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| a | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 16 | 16 |
| Connect method | 1Y | 1Δ | 2Y | 2Δ | 4Y | 4Δ | 8Y | 8Δ | 16Y | 16Δ |
Table 2
If every phase stator coil number is 24, then stator winding connects method and makes up 3 (wherein parameter n, a and last same) that see the following form:
| State | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| n | 24 | 24 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| a | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 12 | 24 | 24 |
| Connect method | 1Y | 1Δ | 3Y | 3Δ | 6Y | 6Δ | 12Y | 12Δ | 24Y | 24Δ |
Table 3
Obviously, can draw, when having set the stator coil number, just can realize two kinds of continuous conversions that connect method, and along with the stator coil number is big more, transition status can continue by above several kinds of embodiment.Can learn also that by last table 2,3 winding also can directly get into the third state from first state, is converted to four condition again.
Though the transformation on the method for connecing is also arranged when the startup of asynchronous machine; Be that Y connects and transforms to that Δ connects or Δ connects and transforms to Y and connect, but this transformation can only be applied in the startup occasion of asynchronous motor, be the torque in order to reduce or to increase asynchronous motor and start; Can cause the underexcitation or supersaturation in asynchronous motor magnetic field simultaneously; So after electric motor starting finishes, must adopt the specified method that connects operation, and can not when rated condition is moved, carry out two kinds of mutual conversions that connect between method.And adopt the operation method that the present invention relates to just can make synchronous machine under rated condition, and carry out the conversion between the different winding connection methods, motor is operated in the different rotating speeds scope, reached instructions for use.In addition; Asynchronous motor is an induction machine, and its rotor field is by stator induction, thus Y connect connect conversion with Δ after; There is not the difference of electrical degree; But the rotor field of synchronous motor is not change, so there is the electrical degree problem in permanent magnet synchronous motor, needs through solving regulating and control like encoder.
Fig. 4 is the operational system of the synchronous motor that the present invention relates to.Comprise controller, motor power is provided, write down the motor parameter current and connect method; Procedure control unit receives the signal of said controller, sets the motor next one and connects method; Control switching circuit comprises a plurality of switches that are connected with stator winding, splits to close according to the signal of procedure control unit and carries out the selectivity connection; Encoder is accepted the instruction that controller sends and is carried out phase adjusted.
Wherein, controller mainly provides the power supply and the record motor parameter current of drive motors and connects method, and the said parameter of electric machine comprises output voltage, electric current etc., and in addition, controller also needs feed back code device signal; Procedure control unit decision stator winding connects method; And control switching circuit can be realized the conversion of winding connection method; When stator winding connect method generation transformation, controller was poor to the encoder compensation electrical degree of being located on the motor.
With the Digit Control Machine Tool is example, and the main transmission of Digit Control Machine Tool generally is made up of driver (frequency converter)+frequency conversion asynchronous motor+gearbox.Through gearbox, carry out switching between each grade rotating speed, in the hope of realizing low speed (high pulling torque) and the conversion between (permanent power) cutting at a high speed.And adopt the technical scheme of inventing, owing to adopt the conversion between the different winding structures, thus realized that low-speed big is to the little moment of torsion of high speed, permanent power section operation on a large scale.The main transmission that makes Digit Control Machine Tool is changed into permanent magnet synchronous servo motor and is directly driven by driver (frequency converter)+frequency conversion asynchronous motor+gearbox, reaches the purpose of adjustment Digit Control Machine Tool rotating speed.This shows that main advantage is: 1. removed gearbox, improved the precision of lathe; 2. improved the response speed of lathe; 3. practice thrift cost; 4. improved the efficient of drive system, cut down the consumption of energy.See Fig. 5-6, the Digit Control Machine Tool speed-regulating scheme sketch map after being respectively original Digit Control Machine Tool speed-regulating scheme sketch map and adopting technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the operation method of a synchronous motor; Said motor comprises many group threephase stator windings, procedure control unit and control switching circuit; It is characterized in that said operation method is: export when constant when motor operates in power (1), and procedure control unit judges that the stator winding of this moment connects method; (2) when stator winding is Y-connection, procedure control unit connects method through the control switching circuit change, transfers delta connection to by star connection; When stator winding was the triangle connection, procedure control unit connect method through the control switching circuit change, transfers star connection to by delta connection; (3) connect and wait for that motor is in permanent power output state after method changes next time.
2. the operation method of synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said control switching circuit is to comprise a plurality of switches that are connected with stator winding, splits to close according to the signal of procedure control unit and carries out selectivity and connect.
3. the operation method of synchronous motor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: when stator winding connects method generation transformation, poor through the compensation of the encoder in motor electrical degree.
4. the operation method of synchronous motor according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: said electrical degree difference is ± 30 °.
5. the operational system of a synchronous motor is characterized in that comprising:
Controller provides motor power, writes down the motor parameter current and connects method;
Procedure control unit receives the signal of said controller, sets the motor next one and connects method;
Control switching circuit comprises a plurality of switches that are connected with stator winding, splits to close according to the signal of procedure control unit and carries out the selectivity connection;
Encoder is accepted the instruction that controller sends and is carried out phase adjusted.
6. the operational system of synchronous motor according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: said encoder is located on the motor, and when stator winding connect method and connects method and change, controller was poor to encoder compensation electrical degree.
7. the operational system of synchronous motor according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: said electrical degree difference is ± 30 °.
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| CN201110088448.XA CN102739134B (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2011-04-08 | Operation method and operation system of synchronous motor |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110088448.XA CN102739134B (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2011-04-08 | Operation method and operation system of synchronous motor |
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| CN102739134B CN102739134B (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH053694A (en) * | 1991-06-26 | 1993-01-08 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | Driving method for synchronous motor |
| JP2011072091A (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-04-07 | Toshiba Carrier Corp | Driving device for permanent-magnet motors, hermetic-type compressor, and refrigeration cycle device |
| CN201976055U (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-09-14 | 上海奥闻电机有限公司 | Synchronous motor operating system |
-
2011
- 2011-04-08 CN CN201110088448.XA patent/CN102739134B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH053694A (en) * | 1991-06-26 | 1993-01-08 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | Driving method for synchronous motor |
| JP2011072091A (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-04-07 | Toshiba Carrier Corp | Driving device for permanent-magnet motors, hermetic-type compressor, and refrigeration cycle device |
| CN201976055U (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-09-14 | 上海奥闻电机有限公司 | Synchronous motor operating system |
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| CN102739134B (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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Inventor after: Nie Yapeng Inventor after: Jiang Yu Inventor after: Gao Xiaoyan Inventor after: Xiang Shoubing Inventor after: Tang Xiaolin Inventor before: Nie Yapeng Inventor before: Jiang Yu Inventor before: Yu Menglu Inventor before: Cui Dengfei Inventor before: Gao Xiaoyan |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: NIE YAPENG JIANG YU YU MENGLU CUI DENGFEI GAO XIAOYAN TO: NIE YAPENG JIANGYU GAO XIAOYAN XIANG SHOUBING TANG XIAOLIN |
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Owner name: BEIJING SWORD ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SHANGHAI AOWEN MOTOR CO., LTD. Effective date: 20130425 |
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Effective date of registration: 20130425 Address after: 100055 Beijing city Xuanwu District Guang'an South Binhe Road No. 1 (new building room 1305) Applicant after: Beijing SWORD Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Address before: 201817, E-2, 1355 North Road, Jiading District, Shanghai Applicant before: Shanghai Aowen Motor Co., Ltd. |
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