CN102727188B - Optical projection tomography method based on merged spiral scanning mode - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical projection tomography method based on a merged spiral scanning mode. The optical projection tomography method comprises the following steps of: merging projection drawings on the same height, at the same angle and at different detector positions into a projection drawing which can cover all samples in the horizontal direction, and merging a plurality of local spiral projection data into a whole spiral projection data; calculating the axial visual field of the whole three-dimensional reconstruction body according to the axial position and scanning angle of each merged projection drawing; dividing the three-dimensional reconstruction body into a plurality of pieces of axial tomography to be reconstructed, performing data rearrangement on a projection line corresponding to each axial tomography to be reconstructed to obtain a sinusoidal chart corresponding to the axial tomography to be reconstructed; and reconstructing the sinusoidal chart into a tomography image by utilizing a circular track filtering back projection method, and sequentially superposing various tomography images to obtain the three-dimensional reconstruction body. According to the method, the visual filed of the optical projection tomography can be effectively widened, and the capacity of imaging a large-size object in an imaging system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical projection fault imaging (Optical Projection Tomography, OPT) technology, particularly relate to a kind of optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern.
Background technology
Optical projection tomography technology is the feature utilizing light linearly to propagate in small size organism, utilizes the image of the multiple angle of collected by camera, carries out three-dimensional imaging.At present, OPT is divided into transmission-type and excitation formula, and transmission-type directly through sample, utilizes sample to the absorption characteristic of light by light, obtains the 3 D anatomy structure picture of sample; Excitation formula irradiates sample by laser, excites the fluorescent dye on sample or fluorescent protein emission to go out the longer fluorescence signal of wavelength, reconstructs fluorescent dye or the distributed intelligence of fluorescin on sample, realizes molecular specificity imaging.
Optical projection tomography technology can realize structure and the molecular specificity functional imaging of 1-10 mm size biological specimen, there is the plurality of advantages such as resolution is high, structure-function integration, radiationless, cost is low, it can carry out the quantitative and qualitative analysis research of cellular level in small scale to living body biological, realizes real-time, noinvasive, dynamic, the imaging in vivo of organism.But optical projection tomography technology is normally based on circular orbit scan, its visual field is cube, limited view, when particularly scanning for large sized object, itself otherwise adopt less light path amplification, make cube visual field cover whole sample completely, but spatial discrimination rate variance; Adopt larger light path amplification, spatial resolution is higher, but visual field can not Covering samples completely, only can carry out the imaging of sample local fine.When scanning for large sized object in the world at present, the method that there is no realizes sample all standing and high spatial resolution simultaneously, and this problem is called as " large sized object " problem.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
Cannot to the problem of large sized object Precise imaging for solving optical projection fault imaging circular orbit scan, the invention provides a kind of optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern, by carrying out multiple local helical scanning to sample, realize the three-dimensional imaging of sample, improve optical projection fault imaging to the visual field of large sized object, precision and speed.
(2) technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern, comprise: the projection of sustained height, same angle, different detector position is pieced together the projection that a horizontal direction can cover all samples, and then by the as a whole helical projection data of multiple local helical data for projection split; According to axial location and the scanning angle of width projection every after split, calculate the axial visual field of whole three-dimensional reconstruction body; Three-dimensional reconstruction body is divided into multiple axis tomography to be reconstructed, projection row corresponding for tomography to be reconstructed for each axis is carried out data rearrangement, obtain the sinogram that axially tomography to be reconstructed is corresponding; And utilize circular orbit filtered back-projection method that sinogram is redeveloped into faultage image, being then superimposed successively by each faultage image just obtains three-dimensional reconstruction body.
In such scheme, the described projection by sustained height, same angle, different detector position pieces together the projection that a horizontal direction can cover all samples, utilizes bilinear interpolation to realize.
In such scheme, described by the process of the as a whole helical projection data of multiple local helical data for projection split, the gray value of pixel calculates by following formula:
Wherein, gray (c) is the gray value of c pixel;
(*) variable h=1 is represented, 2,3 ..., during G, computing is averaged to the function in (*);
for grey scale pixel value, wherein h=1 in corresponding h the partial row of split row c pixel, 2,3 ..., G, c=1,2,3 ..., W, W are the columns of split projection, W=width/d
s, width is the width of projection after split,
Namely horizontal total displacement adds the width of a projection; The horizontal level at split row c pixel center place is
The horizontal extent that h partial row covers is
if represented
satisfy condition
then
exist and participate in being averaged computing.
In such scheme, the described axial location according to width projection every after split and scanning angle, calculate the axial visual field of whole three-dimensional reconstruction body, first be the axial location utilizing the first width and last width projection after split, in conjunction with the size of projection, calculate the axial visual field of whole three-dimensional reconstruction body.
In such scheme, describedly three-dimensional reconstruction body is divided into multiple axis tomography to be reconstructed, that after utilizing split, the axial location of projection carries out dividing, specifically tomography pixel size and tomography thickness are all set to the size of projection pixel, then calculate the tomography number of rebuilding body, each axis tomography to be reconstructed corresponds to the homolographic projection row in multiple projection.
In such scheme, described projection row corresponding for tomography to be reconstructed for each axis is carried out data rearrangement, obtain the sinogram that axially tomography to be reconstructed is corresponding, be the data of projection row corresponding for tomography to be reconstructed for each axis are extracted and is angularly superimposed successively, form the sinogram that axially tomography to be reconstructed is corresponding.
In such scheme, sinogram is redeveloped into faultage image by the described circular orbit filtered back-projection method that utilizes, then each faultage image is superimposed successively and just obtains three-dimensional reconstruction body, specifically comprise: along the z-axis direction of sinogram, complete the data rearrangement of tomography sinogram one by one, and for each sinogram, utilize parallel circular orbit filtered back projection method for reconstructing to reconstruct a faultage image, then each faultage image is superimposed successively, obtains three-dimensional reconstruction body.
(3) beneficial effect
Optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern provided by the invention, for multiple local helical scanning projection data that optical projection computed tomography (SPECT) system gathers, carry out three-dimension disclocation imaging, utilize split spiral scan pattern, the three-dimensional reconstruction of optical projection fault imaging split helical scan data can be realized fast, and the visual field of optical projection fault imaging is expanded to cuboid from cube, effectively extend visual field, solving large sized object cannot the problem of high-resolution imaging.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b is in the optical projection tomography method of the embodiment of the present invention based on split spiral scan pattern, about the schematic diagram of imaging system scans track; Wherein, Fig. 1 a shows circular orbit scan mode and the visual field of ordinary optical projection fault imaging; Fig. 1 b shows the split spiral scan pattern and visual field that the embodiment of the present invention adopts;
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b is in the optical projection tomography method of the embodiment of the present invention based on split spiral scan pattern, carries out the process of partial view split; Wherein, Fig. 2 a shows at sustained height, but 3 width partial views of same angle varying level position; Fig. 2 b shows the split projection that horizontal direction that 3 width partial views piece together covers whole sample;
Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b is in the optical projection tomography method of the embodiment of the present invention based on split spiral scan pattern, carries out the process of data rearrangement.Wherein Fig. 3 a shows in spiral three-dimensional rebuilding body, and a tomography to be reconstructed is mapped to the process of corresponding projection row in two projections; Fig. 3 b shows and corresponding for tomography to be reconstructed in Fig. 3 a all projection row is carried out by projection sequence the sinogram that data rearrangement obtains;
Fig. 4 is in the optical projection tomography method of the embodiment of the present invention based on split spiral scan pattern, carries out split helical scanning for mice segmental colonic, and utilizes the method for the present embodiment to rebuild the three-dimension disclocation figure obtained;
Fig. 5 is in the optical projection tomography method of the embodiment of the present invention based on split spiral scan pattern, carries out visual result to the three-dimensional reconstruction body of mice segmental colonic, can see that the present invention can expand the visual field of optical projection fault imaging effectively.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The invention provides a kind of optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern, multiple local helical data for projection that the method gathers for optical projection computed tomography (SPECT) system under split spiral scan pattern, carry out three-dimension disclocation imaging.
As shown in Figure 1a, current optical projection fault imaging generally adopts circular orbit scan mode, its effective visual field is a cube, and for large scale sample, when carrying out the scanning of optical projection fault imaging, if when forcing sample completely in the cube visual field, sample will inevitably lose spatial resolution.As shown in Figure 1 b, the embodiment of the present invention adopts new split spiral scan pattern, utilize detector translation, sample rotates and sample is elevated, the visual field of optical projection fault imaging is expanded to cuboid, not only remain high imaging precision, achieve the expansion of visual field simultaneously, there is quick, robust, high-resolution feature.
Opportunity Fig. 1 b, optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern provided by the invention is divided into two key steps: data for projection split and three-dimension disclocation are rebuild, wherein data for projection split step is according to the projection of sustained height, same angle, different detector position utilize bilinear interpolation to piece together projection that a horizontal direction can cover all samples, and then by the as a whole helical projection data of multiple local helical data for projection split; After three-dimension disclocation reconstruction utilizes split, rebuilding body is divided into a series of tomography to be reconstructed by the axial location of projection, corresponding line in the corresponding multiple projection of each tomography to be reconstructed, the data of corresponding line are extracted and is angularly superimposed successively, form sinogram, sinogram is redeveloped into faultage image by recycling circular orbit filtered back-projection method, and being then superimposed successively by each faultage image just obtains three-dimensional reconstruction body.
Optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
Step S1: the projection of sustained height, same angle, different detector position is pieced together the projection that a horizontal direction can cover all samples, and then by the as a whole helical projection data of multiple local helical data for projection split;
Step S2: according to axial location and the scanning angle of width projection every after split, calculate the axial visual field of whole three-dimensional reconstruction body;
Step S3: three-dimensional reconstruction body is divided into multiple axis tomography to be reconstructed, carries out data rearrangement by projection row corresponding for tomography to be reconstructed for each axis, obtains the sinogram that axially tomography to be reconstructed is corresponding;
Step S4: utilize circular orbit filtered back-projection method that sinogram is redeveloped into faultage image, is then superimposed each faultage image successively and just obtains three-dimensional reconstruction body.
Described in step S1, the projection of sustained height, same angle, different detector position is pieced together the projection that a horizontal direction can cover all samples, utilize bilinear interpolation to realize.
By in the process of the as a whole helical projection data of multiple local helical data for projection split described in step S1, the gray value of pixel calculates by following formula:
Wherein, gray (c) is the gray value of c pixel;
(*) variable h=1 is represented, 2,3 ..., during G, computing is averaged to the function in (*);
for grey scale pixel value, wherein h=1 in corresponding h the partial row of split row c pixel, 2,3 ..., G, c=1,2,3 ..., W, W are the columns of split projection, W=width/d
s, width is the width of projection after split,
Namely horizontal total displacement adds the width of a projection; The horizontal level at split row c pixel center place is
The horizontal extent that h partial row covers is
if represented
satisfy condition
then
exist and participate in being averaged computing.
According to the axial location of width projection every after split and scanning angle described in step S2, calculate the axial visual field of whole three-dimensional reconstruction body, first be the axial location utilizing the first width and last width projection after split, in conjunction with the size of projection, calculate the axial visual field of whole three-dimensional reconstruction body.
Three-dimensional reconstruction body is divided into multiple axis tomography to be reconstructed described in step S3, that after utilizing split, the axial location of projection carries out dividing, specifically tomography pixel size and tomography thickness are all set to the size of projection pixel, then calculate the tomography number of rebuilding body, each axis tomography to be reconstructed corresponds to the homolographic projection row in multiple projection.
Described in step S3, projection row corresponding for tomography to be reconstructed for each axis is carried out data rearrangement, obtain the sinogram that axially tomography to be reconstructed is corresponding, be the data of projection row corresponding for tomography to be reconstructed for each axis are extracted and is angularly superimposed successively, form the sinogram that axially tomography to be reconstructed is corresponding.
Utilize circular orbit filtered back-projection method that sinogram is redeveloped into faultage image described in step S4, then each faultage image is superimposed successively and just obtains three-dimensional reconstruction body, specifically comprise: along the z-axis direction of sinogram, complete the data rearrangement of tomography sinogram one by one, and for each sinogram, utilize parallel circular orbit filtered back projection method for reconstructing to reconstruct a faultage image, then each faultage image is superimposed successively, obtains three-dimensional reconstruction body.
Utilize mouse Colon to test below and describe step of the present invention.
Adopt mice segmental colonic to carry out split spiraled optical projection fault imaging in experiment, the projected image prime number of imaging system acquires is 500 × 500, and each pixel size is 27.5 microns.In data acquisition, first determine the initial position of detector, camera is focused on the regional area of sample; Keep camera position constant, sample is angularly rotated, often rotate an angle, just carry out a sample axis to promote to waiting stepping, scan track actual is like this helix, and sample corotation turns 3 weeks, namely 3 × 360 °=1080 °, sample axis, to improving 30 millimeters altogether, gathers 1080 width helical projection views, is a local helical data for projection; Then sample is dropped to elemental height and initial angle, then move horizontally camera, and focus on another regional area of sample, then by sample screw lifting, then gather 1080 width data for projection, obtain another local helical data for projection; Repeat above operation and gather the local helical data for projection of multiple camera in varying level position, and carry out three-dimensional reconstruction.The detailed step of the present embodiment is as follows:
Step S10: this step is for the multiple helical scanning data for projection collected under split spiral scan pattern, utilize bilinear interpolation to piece together the projection of sustained height, same angle, different detector horizontal level projection that horizontal direction covers all samples, and then multiple local helical scanning projection data are pieced together an one-piece auger data for projection.Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b shows the process being pieced together overall projection by the partial view of sustained height, same angle, 3 varying level positions.
Step S101: in order to carry out the horizontal split of projection, need the size first calculating each split projection, suppose that the sample projection gathered adds up to G × M, namely detector is shifted G time, scans G local helical data, and each local helical packet is containing M width projection, namely M width projection is axially scanned, every width projected image prime number is N × N, and wherein N is line number and the columns of projection, and projection pixel size is d
s, unit millimeter, the length of projection and width are all N × d
s, for h local helical data, wherein h=1,2,3 ..., G, to should the horizontal level of projection on the left of its projection, namely x-axis to position be
in the present embodiment, detector translation is along x-axis to the right, therefore
with
to be respectively in horizontal direction the position of first and last detector, namely leftmost side detector position is
the position of rightmost side detector is
the width of split projection is
Namely horizontal total displacement adds the width of a projection, and the height of split projection is height=N × d
s, be the height of former partial view, the embodiment of the present invention gets the pixel size of pixel size as split projection of partial view, then the line number of split projection is H=height/d
s=N, columns is W=width/d
s.
Step S102: for the translation number of times of the size determination detector of colon, the present embodiment is defined as 3 times, i.e. G=3.By by sustained height, same angle, the partial view of varying level position superposes line by line and obtains split projection.As shown in Figure 2 a, get sustained height, same angle, the colleague mutually in the partial view of varying level position, as partial row, has G partial row; As shown in Figure 2 b, get this G partial row and correspond to a line in split projection as split row.To describe the process obtaining split row from G partial row in detail below, the number of pixels of split row is W, and the number of pixels of partial row is N, in split row c pixel (wherein c=1,2,3 ..., W), its gray value is:
Wherein gray (c) is the gray value of c pixel;
(*) variable h=1 is represented, 2,3 ..., during G, computing is averaged to the function in (*);
for grey scale pixel value, wherein h=1 in corresponding h the partial row of split row c pixel, 2,3 ..., G; The horizontal level at split row c pixel center place is
The horizontal extent that h partial row covers is
if represented
satisfy condition
then
exist and participate in being averaged computing.So far calculate the gray value of a certain pixel of split row, repeat above operation, the local helical data of G varying level position can be pieced together one-piece auger data.
Step S20: this step is for the one-piece auger projection after above-mentioned split, according to axial location and the scanning angle of every width projection, first utilize the axial location of the first width and last width projection, in conjunction with the size of projection, calculate the axial visual field of whole rebuilding body; Then carry out the fault division of rebuilding body, tomography pixel size and tomography thickness are all set to the size of projection pixel, calculate the tomography number of rebuilding body; Then, for each tomography to be reconstructed, calculate the axial location of its correspondence, and locate its projection row in each projection, all correspondence projection row are rearranged to a sinogram by scanning sequency.Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b shows the process that spiral data is reset, wherein Fig. 3 a shows the corresponding relation of a tomography to be reconstructed and projection in three-dimensional reconstruction body, show two projections of 0 ° and 180 ° in figure, the red line on projection is the projection row that tomography to be reconstructed is corresponding; Fig. 3 b show all projections corresponding for tomography to be reconstructed in Fig. 3 a were passed through reset after the sinogram that obtains.Adopt parallel circular orbit filtered back projection method for reconstructing to carry out cross sectional reconstruction one by one to each sinogram after resetting, being superimposed by tomography after all reconstructions just can obtain three-dimension disclocation rebuilding body.
For split helical scanning three-dimensional rebuilding method of the present invention, Fig. 4 is in the optical projection tomography method of the embodiment of the present invention based on split spiral scan pattern, the three-dimension disclocation figure utilizing mice segmental colonic to carry out spiral scan reconstruction to obtain, can see that the structure of colon interior is very clear.
Fig. 5 is that the embodiment of the present invention carries out visual result based in the optical projection tomography method of split spiral scan pattern for colon three dimensional structure, can see, by split spiral reconstruction, visual field completely covers large-sized colon, and then demonstrates effectiveness of the present invention.
In sum, the present invention proposes a kind of optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern, realize the three-dimension disclocation imaging of split helical scanning data for projection, it has the feature of large visual field, high accuracy, fast imaging, specifically:
(1) on scan mode, the embodiment of the present invention, on traditional round parallel track bundle scanning basis, adds the axial translation of sample and the radial translation of detector, achieves the split spiral scan pattern of optical projection fault imaging, extend visual field;
(2) a series of projections obtained are scanned for helical orbit, bilinear interpolation is utilized to piece together the projection of a horizontal direction energy Covering samples projection of sustained height, same angle, varying level position, and then multiple local helical data for projection is pieced together an one-piece auger data for projection, each projection in one-piece auger data for projection can cover all sample datas in the horizontal direction completely;
(3) in three-dimension disclocation process of reconstruction, the embodiment of the present invention is for the projection after split, utilize scanning angle and the axial location of projection, find out the sinogram that each tomography to be reconstructed is corresponding, sinogram is redeveloped into faultage image by recycling circular orbit filtered back-projection method, and being then superimposed successively by each faultage image just obtains three-dimensional reconstruction body.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. based on an optical projection tomography method for split spiral scan pattern, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The projection of sustained height, same angle, different detector horizontal level is pieced together the projection that a horizontal direction can cover all samples, and then by the as a whole helical projection data of multiple local helical data for projection split; Wherein, the described projection by sustained height, same angle, different detector horizontal level pieces together the projection that a horizontal direction can cover all samples, utilizes bilinear interpolation to realize;
According to axial location and the scanning angle of width projection every after split, calculate the axial visual field of whole three-dimensional reconstruction body;
Three-dimensional reconstruction body is divided into multiple axis tomography to be reconstructed, projection row corresponding for tomography to be reconstructed for each axis is carried out data rearrangement, obtain the sinogram that axially tomography to be reconstructed is corresponding; And
Utilize circular orbit filtered back-projection method that sinogram is redeveloped into faultage image, being then superimposed successively by each faultage image just obtains three-dimensional reconstruction body.
2. the optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described by the process of the as a whole helical projection data of multiple local helical data for projection split, the gray value of pixel calculates by following formula:
Wherein, gray (c) is the gray value of c pixel;
(*) variable h=1 is represented, 2,3 ..., during G, computing is averaged to the function in (*);
for grey scale pixel value, wherein h=1 in corresponding h the partial row of split row c pixel, 2,3 ..., G, c=1,2,3 ..., W, W are the columns of split projection, W=width/d
s, width is the width of projection after split, d
sfor the length of side of the single pixel of projection,
Namely horizontal total displacement adds the width of a projection, wherein
refer to the maximum position on sample level direction,
refer to sample minimum position in the horizontal direction, N refers to the pixel quantity of the every a line of projection, and it is identical with the pixel quantity of the every string of projection; The horizontal level at split row c pixel center place is
the horizontal extent that h partial row covers is
"
If " represent
satisfy condition
then
exist and participate in being averaged computing.
3. the optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described axial location according to width projection every after split and scanning angle, calculate the axial visual field of whole three-dimensional reconstruction body, first be the axial location utilizing the first width and last width projection after split, in conjunction with the size of projection, calculate the axial visual field of whole three-dimensional reconstruction body.
4. the optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly three-dimensional reconstruction body is divided into multiple axis tomography to be reconstructed, that after utilizing split, the axial location of projection carries out dividing, specifically tomography pixel size and tomography thickness are all set to the size of projection pixel, then calculate the tomography number of rebuilding body, each axis tomography to be reconstructed corresponds to the homolographic projection row in multiple projection.
5. the optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described projection row corresponding for tomography to be reconstructed for each axis is carried out data rearrangement, obtain the sinogram that axially tomography to be reconstructed is corresponding, be the data of projection row corresponding for tomography to be reconstructed for each axis are extracted and is angularly superimposed successively, form the sinogram that axially tomography to be reconstructed is corresponding.
6. the optical projection tomography method based on split spiral scan pattern according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, sinogram is redeveloped into faultage image by the described circular orbit filtered back-projection method that utilizes, then each faultage image is superimposed successively and just obtains three-dimensional reconstruction body, specifically comprise:
Along the z-axis direction of sinogram, complete the data rearrangement of tomography sinogram one by one, and for each sinogram, utilize parallel circular orbit filtered back projection method for reconstructing to reconstruct a faultage image, then each faultage image is superimposed successively, obtains three-dimensional reconstruction body.
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