A kind of radiofrequency signal preselector of electric tuning
Technical field
The present invention relates to radiofrequency signal preselector, particularly a kind of radiofrequency signal preselector of electric tuning.
Background technology
In modern superheterodyne receiver, due to the nonlinear characteristic of frequency converter, harmonic wave, image frequency and other spurious signals of radiofrequency signal can be obscured the result of measurement, in the time of design receiver, must take measures these false signals to suppress to limit its impact on measurement result, main method is exactly modelled signal preselector.
Electromagnetic Interference Test receiver (being called for short below: receiver), in order to meet selectivity and the impulse response index request in electromagnetic compatibility test standard (being called for short: standard) below, generally all will add at receiver front end the device of signal preliminary election.Because receiver generally becomes different frequency range by frequency partition, technology is before to adopt the tunable YIG-filter of centre frequency to carry out signal preliminary election at the high band of receiver; Low band adopts switch filter matrix or there is no signal preliminary election.Low band does not have the receiver of signal preliminary election owing to can not meeting the requirement of standard, and the pre-detection that can only do electromagnetic interference can not be used as standard testing.
Two kinds of methods that receiver low band is mainly used now realize the inhibition to false signal: one, low pass filter+high intermediate frequency scheme.Adopt low pass filter that high band signal is eliminated the impact of low band signal measurement, adopt high intermediate frequency scheme to reduce the impact of part image frequency on signal measurement simultaneously.Be low pass filter due to what adopt, can only eliminate the impact that high band signal is measured low band, the mutual interference of signal in low band does not have inhibitory action.Adopt the scheme of low pass filter+high intermediate frequency just to play the effect of the signal preselector of part, can not meet the requirement of Electromagnetic Interference Test receiver for signal preliminary election completely.Two, switch filter matrix.Switch filtering matrix is made up of multiple fixing filters and control switch, when use, carries out signal preliminary election by the different filter of switching over.If need a lot of filters in the whole preliminary elections of whole low band, and want the effect of preliminary election better, the filter needing is just more.The very large needs of the volume of preselector have special cabinet, number of filter many, so cost is also high.Owing to being external, also need the problem such as connection, control of consideration and receiver, use inconvenience, the effect of preliminary election is also undesirable.
Signal preselector can suppress the generation of false signal, ensures the precision that receiver test is measured.Signal preselector is exactly that the signal of needs is chosen, one or the filter of a group of unwanted signal filtering.The electric-wave filter matrix that signal preselector is generally made up of tunable filter or multiple fixed-bandwidth filter.Signal preselector centre frequency will cover the working frequency range of receiver, and the lower frequency limit of present high-end receiver is almost from direct current, and upper limiting frequency has arrived 50GHz.The high band of receiver uses YIG (Yittrium Iron Garnet, yttrium iron garnet) filter to carry out signal preliminary election, and its is applicable to operating frequency from about 4GHz to tens GHz, technique comparative maturity, use extensively.The low-band frequency of receiver, from direct current to 4GHz, does not have the tunable optic filter of a type can cover whole frequency range in this wave band, so receiver does not have signal preliminary election or uses switch filtering matrix to do signal preliminary election in low band now.Switch filter matrix is the combination of multiple fixed filters, and using switch filtering matrix to carry out signal preliminary election filtering matrix needs very large volume, so general switch filtering matrix is all external.Switch filtering matrix volume is large, cost is high, uses inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of radiofrequency signal preselector of electric tuning, comprise realizing covering from the frequency range of DC~4GHz and the version of tuned filter and wave band by the method for the tunable filter combination of different types of structure and divide, this radiofrequency signal preselector production cost is low, can be placed on receiver inside, meet the requirement of Electromagnetic Interference Test receiver to signal preselector, easy to use completely.
Existing switch filtering matrix preselector volume reason large, that cost is high be its use be the filter of fixed center frequency and bandwidth, for the preliminary election of carrying out signal can only be switched between different center frequency and the filter of bandwidth.What consider the use of high band YIG-filter is the tunable band pass filter of centre frequency, realizes signal preliminary election by tuning centre frequency; Only have a kind of filter volume little, easy to use.Carry out signal preliminary election if low band is used tunable filter to substitute fixing filter, volume should also can reduce.Owing to not having the tunable optic filter of a type can cover the low band of whole receiver, use tunable optic filter to realize the signal preliminary election of low band, will use multiple different tunable optic filters, switch different filters from the control of the similar use switch of switch filter matrix.Because a kind of tunable filter is the signal preliminary election function that alternative multiple fixing filter is realized, even so use the mode of multiple tunable optic filter combinations still can dwindle much than the volume of the preselector of switch filter matrix, enable to put into easily the inside of receiver.
The centre frequency of Radio Frequency Tracking signal preselector is strictly consistent with the scanning sequence of receiver, according to the tuning voltage of the state of scan clock signal control switch and tracking filter, thereby ensure that the signal being only in receiver processing bandwidth could be effectively suppressed by other signals of radiofrequency signal preselector.X1, X2 is the signal input output interface of radiofrequency signal preselector, wherein X1 signal input, the output of X2 signal; K1 is switch or relay to K18, wherein K1 and K18 are high frequency relays, model is: RF180-12, K2, K9-10, K16 are signal relays, model is: TQ2SA-12V, and the microwave switch that K8 and K17 hilted broadsword four are thrown, model is: HMC241LP3E, K3-7, K11-15 are high speed small-signal diode switch, model BAR64-03.N1-6 is low noise amplifier, be used for the Insertion Loss of compensating filter, according to the difference of frequency range, N1, N2 are that triode 2SC4093, BFP450 are the discrete amplifying circuit of core composition successively, N3, N4 are integrated amplifier HMC636ST89, and N5, N6 are integrated amplifier NBB-400.LP1, LP2 are low pass filters, and cut-off frequency is respectively 150kHz and 2MHz; HP3 is high pass filter, and cut-off frequency is 150kHz, has jointly formed a band pass filter with LP2, and passband 150kHz is to 2MHz; TF4-TF11 is tracking band-pass filter, the centre frequency of passband and bandwidth are all electric tuning, the adjustable range of passband central frequency is 2~8MHz, 8~25MHz, 25~80MHz, 80~200MHz, 200~500MHz, 500~1000MHz, 1~2GHz and 2~4GHz successively, wherein TF4~TF9 is the electrically tunable filter that adopts discrete component (inductance, electric capacity, transformer and variable capacitance diode) to build, integrated electrically tunable filter chip HMC890LP5E and HMC891LP5E that TF10 and TF11 select respectively.TF4 and TF5 adopt the filter construction form in accompanying drawing 2, and TF6 and TF7 adopt the filter construction form of accompanying drawing 3, and TF8 adopts the filter construction form of accompanying drawing 4, and TF9 adopts the filter construction form of accompanying drawing 5.In TF4 filter, the model of L11 and L12 controllable impedance is 7M3-822, C11 and C12 by 12 models in parallel are in the same way respectively: the variable capacitance diode of BB147 forms, C13 by 24 models in parallel is in the same way: the variable capacitance diode of BB147 forms, change the value of C11, C12, C13 by the bias voltage of adjusted in concert variable capacitance diode, thereby change centre frequency and the bandwidth of TF4, realized tracking signal preliminary election function.In TF5 filter, the model of L11 and L12 controllable impedance is 7M3-222, C11 and C12 by 4 models in parallel are in the same way respectively: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, C13 by 6 models in parallel is in the same way: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, change the value of C11, C12, C13 by the bias voltage of adjusted in concert variable capacitance diode, thereby change centre frequency and the bandwidth of TF5, realized tracking signal preliminary election function.In TF6 filter, the model of T21 and T22 transformer is: ADT4-1WT+, the model of L21 and L22 controllable impedance is 150-06J08, C21 and C22 by 4 models in parallel are in the same way respectively: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, C23 by 8 models in parallel is in the same way: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, change the value of C21, C22, C23 by the bias voltage of adjusted in concert variable capacitance diode, thereby change centre frequency and the bandwidth of TF6, realized tracking signal preliminary election function.In TF7 filter, the model of T21 and T22 transformer is: ADT1.5-17+, the model of L21 and L22 controllable impedance is 164-10A06, C21 and C22 by 2 models in parallel are in the same way respectively: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, C23 by 6 models in parallel is in the same way: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, change the value of C21, C22, C23 by the bias voltage of adjusted in concert variable capacitance diode, thereby change centre frequency and the bandwidth of TF7, realized tracking signal preliminary election function.In TF8 filter, the model of L31 and L32 controllable impedance is: 164-03A06L, the model of L33 and L34 controllable impedance is 165-01A06L, C31 and C32 by 2 models in parallel are in the same way respectively: the variable capacitance diode of BB535 forms, C33 by 2 models in parallel is in the same way: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, change the value of C31, C32, C33 by the bias voltage of adjusted in concert variable capacitance diode, thereby change centre frequency and the bandwidth of TF8, realized tracking signal preliminary election function.In TF9 filter, the model of L41 and L42 inductance is: 0603CS-16NXJB, the model of L43 and L44 inductance is 0603CS-1N8XJB, C41 and C42 by 3 models in parallel are in the same way respectively: the variable capacitance diode of BB535 forms, change the value of C41, C42 by the bias voltage of adjusted in concert variable capacitance diode, thereby change the centre frequency of TF9, realized tracking signal preliminary election function.
The radiofrequency signal preselector frequency coverage that the present invention describes has met the requirement of receiver low band to signal preselector from DC~4GHz, coordinates high band YIG signal preselector can realize all band signal preliminary election of receiver.The present invention adopts the scheme of tunable optic filter combination to realize the signal Preconcentration Technology that covers receiver low band, and the filter quantity of comparing the switch filtering matrix use of fixed filters composition greatly reduces, so volume and cost all decline a lot.Of the present invention filter-incorporated in the inside of receiver, combine together with receiver, flexible and convenient to use.Tunable filter is realized signal preliminary election, can ensure that the centre frequency of receiver scanning and the centre frequency of preselector remain consistent, and the filter bandwidht in each wave band is adjustable, the better effects if of signal preliminary election.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is radiofrequency signal preselector theory diagram;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of tracking filter TF4 and TF5;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of tracking filter TF6 and TF7;
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of tracking filter TF8;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of tracking filter TF9.
Embodiment
The high reason of the large cost of existing switch filtering matrix preselector volume be its use be the filter of fixed center frequency and bandwidth, for the preliminary election of carrying out signal can only be switched between different center frequency and the filter of bandwidth.What consider the use of high band YIG-filter is the tunable band pass filter of centre frequency, realizes signal preliminary election by tuning centre frequency; Only have a kind of filter volume little, easy to use.Carry out signal preliminary election if low band is used tunable filter to substitute fixing filter, volume should also can reduce.Owing to not having the tunable optic filter of a type can cover the low band of whole receiver, use tunable optic filter to realize the signal preliminary election of low band, will use multiple different tunable optic filters, switch different filters from the control of the similar use switch of switch filter matrix.Because a kind of tunable filter is the signal preliminary election function that alternative multiple fixing filter is realized, even so use the mode of multiple tunable optic filter combinations still can dwindle much than the volume of the preselector of switch filter matrix, enable to put into easily the inside of receiver.
The centre frequency of Radio Frequency Tracking signal preselector is strictly consistent with the scanning sequence of receiver, according to the tuning voltage of the state of scan clock signal control switch and tracking filter, thereby ensure that the signal being only in receiver processing bandwidth could be effectively suppressed by other signals of radiofrequency signal preselector.As shown in Figure 1, X1, X2 is the signal input output interface of radiofrequency signal preselector, wherein X1 signal input, the output of X2 signal; K1 is switch or relay to K18, wherein K1 and K18 are high frequency relays, model is: RF180-12, K2, K9-10, K16 are signal relays, model is: TQ2SA-12V, and the microwave switch that K8 and K17 hilted broadsword four are thrown, model is: HMC241LP3E, K3-7, K11-15 are high speed small-signal diode switch, model BAR64-03.N1-6 is low noise amplifier, be used for the Insertion Loss of compensating filter, according to the difference of frequency range, N1, N2 are that triode 2SC4093, BFP450 are the discrete amplifying circuit of core composition successively, N3, N4 are integrated amplifier HMC636ST89, and N5, N6 are integrated amplifier NBB-400.LP1, LP2 are low pass filters, and cut-off frequency is respectively 150kHz and 2MHz; HP3 is high pass filter, and cut-off frequency is 150kHz, has jointly formed a band pass filter with LP2, and passband 150kHz is to 2MHz; TF4-TF11 is tracking band-pass filter, the centre frequency of passband and bandwidth are all electric tuning, the adjustable range of passband central frequency is 2~8MHz, 8~25MHz, 25~80MHz, 80~200MHz, 200~500MHz, 500~1000MHz, 1~2GHz and 2~4GHz successively, wherein TF4~TF9 is the electrically tunable filter that adopts discrete component (inductance, electric capacity, transformer and variable capacitance diode) to build, integrated electrically tunable filter chip HMC890LP5E and HMC891LP5E that TF10 and TF11 select respectively.TF4 and TF5 adopt the filter construction form in accompanying drawing 2, inductance L 11 first ends are as input, the second end is connected with the first end of capacitor C 11, the second end of capacitor C 11 is connected with the first end of capacitor C 12 and C13, the second end of capacitor C 12 is connected with the first end of inductance L 12, the second end of inductance L 12 is as output, and the second end of capacitor C 13 is connected with earth terminal, TF6 and TF7 adopt the filter construction form of accompanying drawing 3, the former limit first end of transformer T21 is as input, the second end ground connection, the secondary first end of transformer T21 is connected with inductance L 21 first ends, secondary the second end of transformer T21 is connected with earth terminal, inductance L 21 second ends are connected with the first end of capacitor C 21, the second end of capacitor C 21 is connected with the first end of capacitor C 22 and C23, the second end of capacitor C 22 is connected with the first end of inductance L 22, the second end of inductance L 22 is connected with the former limit first end of transformer T22, former limit the second end ground connection, transformer secondary first end is as output, the second end ground connection, the second end of capacitor C 23 is connected with earth terminal, TF8 adopts the filter construction form of accompanying drawing 4, inductance L 31 first ends are as input, the second end is connected with the first end of inductance L 33 with capacitor C 31, the second end ground connection of inductance L 33, the second end of capacitor C 31 is connected with the first end of capacitor C 32 and C33, and the second end of capacitor C 32 is connected with the first end of inductance L 32 and L34, the second end ground connection of inductance L 34, the second end of inductance L 32 is as output, and the second end of capacitor C 33 is connected with earth terminal, TF9 adopts the filter construction form of accompanying drawing 5, inductance L 41 first ends are as input, the second end is connected with the first end of inductance L 43 with capacitor C 41, the second end ground connection of inductance L 43, the second end of capacitor C 41 is connected with the first end of capacitor C 42, the second end of capacitor C 42 is connected with the first end of inductance L 42 and L44, the second end ground connection of inductance L 44, and the second end of inductance L 42 is as output.In TF4 filter, the model of L11 and L12 controllable impedance is 7M3-822, C11 and C12 by 12 models in parallel are in the same way respectively: the variable capacitance diode of BB147 forms, C13 by 24 models in parallel is in the same way: the variable capacitance diode of BB147 forms, change the value of C11, C12, C13 by the bias voltage of adjusted in concert variable capacitance diode, thereby change centre frequency and the bandwidth of TF4, realized tracking signal preliminary election function.In TF5 filter, the model of L11 and L12 controllable impedance is 7M3-222, C11 and C12 by 4 models in parallel are in the same way respectively: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, C13 by 6 models in parallel is in the same way: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, change the value of C11, C12, C13 by the bias voltage of adjusted in concert variable capacitance diode, thereby change centre frequency and the bandwidth of TF5, realized tracking signal preliminary election function.In TF6 filter, the model of T21 and T22 transformer is: ADT4-1WT+, the model of L21 and L22 controllable impedance is 150-06J08, C21 and C22 by 4 models in parallel are in the same way respectively: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, C23 by 8 models in parallel is in the same way: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, change the value of C21, C22, C23 by the bias voltage of adjusted in concert variable capacitance diode, thereby change centre frequency and the bandwidth of TF6, realized tracking signal preliminary election function.In TF7 filter, the model of T21 and T22 transformer is: ADT1.5-17+, the model of L21 and L22 controllable impedance is 164-10A06, C21 and C22 by 2 models in parallel are in the same way respectively: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, C23 by 6 models in parallel is in the same way: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, change the value of C21, C22, C23 by the bias voltage of adjusted in concert variable capacitance diode, thereby change centre frequency and the bandwidth of TF7, realized tracking signal preliminary election function.In TF8 filter, the model of L31 and L32 controllable impedance is: 164-03A06L, the model of L33 and L34 controllable impedance is 165-01A06L, C31 and C32 by 2 models in parallel are in the same way respectively: the variable capacitance diode of BB535 forms, C33 by 2 models in parallel is in the same way: the variable capacitance diode of BB640 forms, change the value of C31, C32, C33 by the bias voltage of adjusted in concert variable capacitance diode, thereby change centre frequency and the bandwidth of TF8, realized tracking signal preliminary election function.In TF9 filter, the model of L41 and L42 inductance is: 0603CS-16NXJB, the model of L43 and L44 inductance is 0603CS-1N8XJB, C41 and C42 by 3 models in parallel are in the same way respectively: the variable capacitance diode of BB535 forms, change the value of C41, C42 by the bias voltage of adjusted in concert variable capacitance diode, thereby change the centre frequency of TF9, realized tracking signal preliminary election function.
The radiofrequency signal preselector frequency coverage that the present invention describes has met the requirement of Electromagnetic Interference Test receiver low band to signal preselector from DC~4GHz, coordinates high band YIG signal preselector can realize all band signal preliminary election of Electromagnetic Interference Test receiver.The present invention adopts the scheme of tunable optic filter combination to realize the signal Preconcentration Technology that covers Electromagnetic Interference Test receiver low band, the filter quantity of comparing the switch filtering matrix use of fixed filters composition greatly reduces, so volume and cost all decline a lot.Of the present invention filter-incorporated in the inside of Electromagnetic Interference Test receiver, combine together with receiver, flexible and convenient to use.Tunable filter is realized signal preliminary election, can ensure that the centre frequency of receiver scanning and the centre frequency of preselector remain consistent, and the filter bandwidht in each wave band is adjustable, the better effects if of signal preliminary election.