CN102722608A - Customer knowledge-based aircraft configuration method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a customer knowledge-based aircraft configuration method. The method comprises five steps of: firstly, constructing an aircraft configuration library, wherein the construction of the aircraft configuration library comprises the steps of constructing an option library and setting an option constraint relationship; secondly, constructing a customer demand model, wherein a complete customer demand model is constructed by acquiring the aircraft demand knowledge of customers and detailing the customer demand knowledge by expert review and market survey result analysis and configuration result analysis; thirdly, generating a customer configuration scheme, wherein the configuration scheme of the demand model is fit in the aircraft configuration library according to a customer demand list converted from the customer demand model; fourthly, mapping customer demands, decomposing the customer demands into structured demands, semi-structured demands and product function demands, mapping each demand to a specific engineering characteristic, and generating a design parameter of a product module meeting the engineering characteristics; and finally, storing and analyzing customer configuration data. The customer knowledge-based aircraft configuration method has a practical value in the field of aircraft configuration management.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aircraft configuration method based on customer knowledge, belong to configuration management, computing machine, collaborative design technical field, it is used to realize the product design of customer's requirement aircraft, realizes the aircraft configuration management of customer personalized customization.
Background technology
Along with globalization and intensification of competition, the competition between the enterprise begins to turn to based on the competition of selling with based on the competition of customer demand.Provide the product of customization can improve client's the satisfaction and the service level of enterprise with the marketing system of optimizing for the client comprehensively; Fast and effeciently obtain and understand client requirement information; Accurately appropriate expresses the client to product demand information in product design process, be enterprise's successful prerequisite in the globalizing market environment of current cut-throat competition.
The aircraft configuration management is meant that the client carries out the aircraft type selecting according to the aircraft configuration scheme that enterprise provides, and the final goal of aircraft configuration management is to let the farthest identical customer demand of aircraft product.The variation of and customer demand complicated day by day along with system; The aircraft configuration management occupies critical role in the airplane design R&D process; How to realize that easy operation and customer demand transform to the airplane design demand; Improve product competitiveness and become current aircraft manufacturing enterprise problem demanding prompt solution, traditional aircraft configuration method has not too adapted to the current market situation, urgently hopes a kind of aircraft configuration method that can customer demand, airplane design and configuration type selecting be combined closely of research; Accelerate aircraft research and development progress, improve the Aircraft Market adaptive faculty.
Under the current environment, the aircraft configuration method probably is divided into three kinds:
1) the modular aircraft configuration method of Boeing's exploitation; In the DCAC/MRM of Boeing; According to modular thought; Dispose the notion that has proposed option (Option) to the client, promptly in the process of definition one airplane configuration, offer the functional requirement or the service of client's the aircraft product of choosing from.According to the thought of simplifying job stream, Boeing is divided into four types to the aircraft option: main options, occurrences option, Back Up Option and customization option, and be mapped these options and the corresponding module of aircraft.According to this configuration theory, Boeing has set up the option storehouse and the module library of aircraft, and the user is configured according to pick list, and system can shine upon option with module automatically mutually, constructs the type selecting of aircraft, and layoutprocedure is as shown in Figure 1.
2) Air Passenger company be decomposed into construction package CA (Constituent Assembly) to aircraft, and CA can continue to decompose CA according to the thought of concurrent engineering.Different with the Boeing theory is, this thought of Air Passenger company is hierarchy, and the pattern of Boeing is a kind of flat structure.Each CA itself comprises a series of Function Identification FI (Functional Identifier) and technical solution TS (Technical Solution).FI is decomposed into different functional units to aircraft, and TS is exactly the different mount schemes to the function corresponding unit.To different mount schemes, Boeing has defined different options in user's layoutprocedure.In client's layoutprocedure, Air Passenger company is provided with different options to corresponding TS, and has defined a standard type selecting, and the client can customize on this standard type selecting basis, for example cabin layout, recreational facilities, avionics system etc.For the ease of user configuration, the Air Passenger predefined a series of option, and set up the option catalogue and made things convenient for client's type selecting.For the client's outside the type selecting particular demands, Air Passenger realizes that through request slip its layoutprocedure is as shown in Figure 2.
3) because domestic Aerobiz is started late, and its major product concentrates on military secret and small-sized civil aircraft aspect, the development of large aircraft is carried out at present.The method that current most of airline still continues to use client's inventory realizes simple aircraft configuration.
The following shortcoming of these collocation methods:
(1) professional too strong; The client combines the demand of oneself to carry out the aircraft type selecting according to the understanding to the aircraft function of oneself again, the many-sided consideration that relatively reaches multi-angle of type selecting scheme shortcoming; To a certain extent, thus client's aircraft type selecting departs from customer demand causes the complicated of aircraft type selecting.
(2) customer demand and airplane design serious separated do not meet the production model of current enterprise.
(3) client's operating process is too loaded down with trivial details, and collocation method is intelligent inadequately.
(4) do not have to realize to the collection of customer demand and the analysis of client's configuration result, can not solve enterprise's dynamically following the tracks of constantly the aircraft produce market.
Summary of the invention
1, purpose: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of aircraft configuration method based on customer knowledge, it has overcome the deficiency of prior art, can improve the aircraft configuration state of the art of current domestic backwardness.Its target has:
(1) a kind of aircraft configuration method with the customer's requirement product design is provided, realizes the intelligent and simplification of aircraft configuration.
(2) gather customer demand, analyze client's configuration result, hold the Aircraft Market rule, promote the design and the exploitation of following aircraft product function.
(3) in the integrated process of IT application in enterprises, this invention immediately exchanges with market, client, thus from can obtain the most rapidly, feedback accurately, with well designed and production, satisfy the demand in client and market better.
(4) method of setting up the customer demand descriptive model is provided.
(5) method of customer demand to the product structure mapping is provided.
2, technical scheme: a kind of aircraft configuration method based on customer knowledge of the present invention, it is applied to aircraft arrangements and client's aircraft type selecting.These method concrete steps are following:
Step 1: the establishment in aircraft configuration storehouse; The aircraft configuration storehouse is mainly used in the type selecting scheme of storage aircraft, and the structure in aircraft configuration storehouse mainly is the structure and the setting of option restriction relation in option storehouse.
A. the structure in option storehouse is basic allocation plan of every kind of type structure, and according to market study, the general such distribution of aircraft option: 75% is the aircraft essential option, and 20% is the aircraft option, and 5% is divided into the customization item.Each option comprises option names, option number and three attributes of option value, and wherein essential option has only an option value, both has been default value, and option has two option values at least.Building process is following: (1) is divided into essential option, option and three zones of customization item with the option storehouse, and three zones are all to comprise the tabulation mode layout of option names, option number and option value; (2) aviation enterprise is according to actual conditions, with every kind of type option general, that can not change with the stored in form of tabulation in database, this tabulation contains option names, option number and three attributes of option value, its option value is default value.Read these tabulations through computer program then and show in essential option zone; (3) according to market study situation and customer demand analysis, the aircraft option is generally: 1) engine, 2) undercarriage; 3) the avionics equipment in the driving cabin; 4) arrangement of the interior trim in main cabin, kitchen, lavatory and seat is in conjunction with the attribute of option, at option areal structure aircraft option; For each option adds its option value, all related one or more standalone modules of each option value.With the engine is example, and engine has several kinds of turbojet and turbofan formulas etc., elects the turbojet engine as engine option value 1.Organically form an independently module and related with the required part of turbojet engine is installed, by that analogy, accomplish the structure of option with engine option value 1; (4) establishment of customization item, business to customer specific demand are carried out comprehensive with classification and draft into an option, pass through enterprise engineering department again and prove its feasibility, and its visioning procedure is as shown in Figure 3.
B. the setting of option restriction relation; The restriction relation of option mainly is present between the option, and the restriction relation of option mainly is dependence, combination and mutex relation, and each option has a plurality of option values; Each option value is association module independently all; The related module of Total Options value can both satisfy the functional requirement of this option, is mutex relation between the different options value of each option, with { n
1, n
2N
mRepresent the option value of each option and store the mutex relation of different options value with " non-" logical relation, thereby limit a kind of allocation plan that the client can only select option, if each option all is independent; Aircraft has n option, and each option has m option value, and then this aircraft has n*m kind allocation plan; In fact, there is dependence between the aircraft option, if the option value 2 of the option value of option A 1 and option B relies on each other; Then use " with " dependence of logical relation storage option A value 1, option B value 2; When the value 1 of customer selecting option A, according to option restriction relation between the two, system is the value 2 of customer selecting option B automatically; The organic assembling of the option value of different options forms multiple aircraft configuration scheme, thereby accomplishes the structure in aircraft configuration storehouse.
Step 2: the structure of customer demand model; Gather the demand knowledge of client to aircraft; Analyze refinement customer demand knowledge through specialist examination, market study interpretation of result and configuration result; Thereby set up fairly perfect customer demand model, the customer demand model mainly comprises two aspect contents: 1) fuzzy client requirement information is converted into and can both the client be refined as close with it product parameters to the abstract functional requirement of aircraft through the parameter of computer scheduling and configuration; 2) through the conditions of demand and the profound excavation of client's suggestion of customer order, like product, find out customer demand individualized feature and behavior preference, generate the characteristic parameter of the aircraft outward appearance, indoor arrangement and the decorative colors that are fit to different regions and age bracket client.
Step 3: the generation of client's allocation plan; According to allocation plan by customer requirement list this demand model of match in the aircraft configuration storehouse of customer demand model conversation; To demonstrate model machine to the client through three-dimensional model simultaneously, generate the detailed explanation document of this model machine to allocation plan.
Step 4: the mapping of customer demand; Customer demand is decomposed into structuring demand, semi-structured demand and product function demand; Each demand is mapped as concrete engineering characteristic, generates the design parameter of the product module that satisfies this project characteristic, combine client's allocation plan again; Extract critical data wherein, should data based airplane design standard generate the airplane design parameter.
Step 5: the storage of client's configuration data and analysis; Each client's allocation plan data storage is got up; And configuration data sorted out; Mathematical method with cluster and comparative analysis is analyzed these data, grasps current market aircraft product demand situation through these data on the one hand, makes things convenient for business decision.These data rules are as the additional important evidence of customer demand knowledge on the other hand, and for the NM demand of client, system will improve customer demand knowledge from configuration module occupation rate and cost performance equal angles.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) airplane design and customer demand, Market Situation are combined closely, improve the aircraft competitiveness of product in market greatly;
2) reduce the dependence of client's type selecting to professional knowledge;
3) operation steps of minimizing client type selecting enlarges this method application;
4) introduce data analysis function, it is dynamic to make enterprise grasp the aircraft produce market to greatest extent;
5) realize that aircraft is researched and developed and the slitless connection of the market demand;
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 Boeing layoutprocedure figure;
Fig. 2 Air Passenger aircraft configuration procedure chart;
Fig. 3 particular options visioning procedure figure;
Fig. 4 aircraft configuration constitutional diagram;
Fig. 5 aircraft option classification chart;
Fig. 6 restriction relation management flow chart;
Fig. 7 customer demand descriptive model figure;
Fig. 8 customer demand knowledge model figure;
Fig. 9 client's configuration result process flow diagram;
Figure 10 demand is to the method for product structure mapping;
Figure 11 cluster analysis result ice shape figure;
Figure 12 overview flow chart of the present invention.
Symbol description is following among the figure:
Quick application development instrument under the Delphi:Windows platform, CI: configuration item CA: construction package, FI: Function Identification, TS: technical solution, Option: option
Embodiment
To combine accompanying drawing and embodiment that the present invention is done further detailed description below.Fig. 1 is Boeing layoutprocedure figure; Fig. 2 is an Air Passenger aircraft configuration procedure chart.
See Figure 12; The present invention proposes a kind of aircraft configuration method based on customer knowledge, serve as theme with customer demand, is core with the aircraft configuration storehouse; With process standardizations such as demand collection, data analyses, finally realize visual, the intelligentized aircraft product configuration of client.Step is following:
Step 1: the structure in aircraft configuration storehouse; As shown in Figure 4, the aircraft configuration storehouse is as core of the present invention, and it comprises option mod and constraint relation management module; Through to the understanding of aircraft modular design notion and the research of external aircraft configuration management status; The aircraft configuration item is divided into essential option and option, with option through the related standalone module of option value with certain function, the module of aircraft configuration=standard type+independently; Make the aircraft apolegamy take into account the advantage of Boeing and Air Passenger like this, be convenient to the configuration of aircraft product.
A. option mod is the basis with the aircraft essential option; At first import the essential option of every kind of type; Be that every kind of type is bound the aircraft option according to the enterprise practical situation then, the related one or more standalone modules of the option value of option, as shown in Figure 5: the seat, main cabin is arranged to the aircraft option; The related corresponding seat scheme module of each option value, the optional configuration of accomplishing the aircraft passenger compartment seat of client.
B. the establishment of customization option, its visioning procedure is as shown in Figure 3, the client propose to customize special aircraft option demand, the expert examines through enterprise, examine through after, create the customization option, agree through the client, revise the aircraft option, generate client's configuration result.
C. the restriction relation administration module mainly is provided with the restriction relation between option and option, option and module, module and the module, thereby sets up every kind of a plurality of allocation plans of type, and this module restriction relation mainly is divided into combination, dependence and mutex relation; It is as shown in Figure 6 that its restriction relation is provided with flow process; To each restriction relation its scope of definition and value, as shown in Figure 4, option A and B are syntagmatic among the figure; Module C, D, E are dependence; Customer selecting module C, D, according to the automatic customer selecting module E of restriction relation meeting, the client accomplishes aircraft modules configured from top to bottom through restriction relation; Restriction relation adopts the form of form to edit, its CSS 1 as shown in.Relation in the table is " if (handling capacity of passengers＞200) and (voyage＜4000) then aircraft type in (' A319 ', ' A320 ') ", its form is as shown in table 1.
Table one
Step 2: the structure of customer demand model such as Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8; Gather the demand knowledge of client to aircraft; Customer demand is divided into structuring customer demand, semi-structured customer demand and destructuring customer demand; Set up the customer demand descriptive model through different describing modes, combine specialist examination, panel discussion, market study interpretation of result, configuration result to analyze refinement customer demand knowledge again, thereby set up fairly perfect customer demand knowledge model.
Step 3: the product process of client's allocation plan is as shown in Figure 9; According to allocation plan by customer requirement list this demand model of match in the aircraft configuration storehouse of customer demand model conversation; To demonstrate model machine to the client through three-dimensional model simultaneously to allocation plan; If configuration result is met customer need, then generate the detailed configuration result document of this model machine, otherwise according to flow process client's type selecting again.
Step 4: customer demand is shown in figure 10 to the conversion of design requirement, and the customer demand model is decomposed into structuring demand, semi-structured demand, combines client's allocation plan again; Extract critical data wherein; In aircraft product function structure, is that horsepower is big like the client to a demand of aircraft with this data map, and system is mapped as this kind demand the engineering parameter of aircraft launching system; Design department carries out satisfying client's demand with detailed design to the aircraft launching system according to this parameter.
Step 5: the storage of client's configuration data and analysis; Each client's allocation plan data storage is got up, and configuration data is sorted out, analyze these data with mathematical methods such as cluster and comparative analysiss; For example draw the aircraft that the somewhere passenger misses potter four seats of a row through cluster analysis; Thereby rule is arranged at record seat, this area, when the airline of this area buys aircraft, with replenishing of this current client's in rule seat demand knowledge.Table 2 is sample datas that the client carries out aircraft product configuration, according to these data, utilizes the method for cluster analysis, can obtain the customer demand classification situation to current aircraft family product.
Table 2
| Numbering | The area | Layout type | Chair type | The floor | Light | Auxiliary equipment | Recreational facilities |
| 1 | American-European | Mixed type | Common seat | Wood floors | Light yellow | Children's chair cushion | Personal TV |
| 2 | American-European | The commercial affairs type | Barbed chair | Compound substance | Light blue | Full-automatic shelf | Public television |
| 3 | The Asia | Economical | Multifunction seat | Compound substance | Incandescent look | Pet box | Multimedia hub |
| 4 | South America | Economical | Barbed chair | Rubber floor covering | Lavender | The buffet meal plate | Bookshelf |
| 5 | Africa | Mixed type | Barbed chair | Rubber floor covering | Light blue | Pet box | Public television |
| 6 | The Asia | The commercial affairs type | Common seat | Compound substance | Light blue | Full-automatic shelf | Personal TV |
| 7 | South America | Economical | Barbed chair | Compound substance | Light blue | Children's chair cushion | Public television |
| 8 | The Asia | The commercial affairs type | Common seat | Rubber floor covering | Incandescent look | Pet box | Multimedia hub |
| 9 | American-European | The commercial affairs type | Multifunction seat | Rubber floor covering | Light blue | The buffet meal plate | Multimedia hub |
| 10 | South America | Mixed type | Multifunction seat | Wood floors | Lavender | Children's chair cushion | Personal TV |
| 11 | Africa | Economical | Common seat | Compound substance | Light blue | Full-automatic shelf | Bookshelf |
| 12 | The Asia | Economical | Barbed chair | Wood floors | Lavender | Pet box | Public television |
| 13 | South America | Mixed type | Barbed chair | Rubber floor covering | Lavender | Children's chair cushion | Personal TV |
| 14 | American-European | Mixed type | Common seat | Compound substance | Incandescent look | The buffet meal plate | Multimedia hub |
| 15 | The Asia | The commercial affairs type | Multifunction seat | Rubber floor covering | Light blue | The buffet meal plate | Public television |
Because cluster analysis is the basis with data,, need to be converted into the numeric type data through the parameter corresponding relation in the table 3 for the character in the table 2, description type property value.
Table 3
Dispose the initial matrix X that list is created cluster analysis according to the client:
Adopt matlab to carry out cluster analysis; Figure is shown in 11 as a result, and we can find out from figure, to the client classify can not be only according to the partition mode in area; The user has very big relation with it to cabin layout to the requirement of color, interior trim and aircraft auxiliary equipment aspect.This mainly is because different layout type has determined the use approach that aircraft is different, and relevant auxiliary facility also must match with this use approach.These statisticses can help airline to hold the trend in market, develop diversified product to different requirements of customers under the different conditions, thereby stablize its status in market.
Claims (1)
1. aircraft configuration method based on customer knowledge, it is characterized in that: these method concrete steps are following:
Step 1: the establishment in aircraft configuration storehouse; The aircraft configuration storehouse is used to store the type selecting scheme of aircraft, and the structure in aircraft configuration storehouse is the structure and the setting of option restriction relation in option storehouse;
A. the structure in option storehouse is basic allocation plan of every kind of type structure, and according to market study, the aircraft option distributes like this: 75% is the aircraft essential option, and 20% is the aircraft option, and 5% is divided into the customization item; Each option comprises option names, option number and three attributes of option value, and wherein essential option has only an option value, both has been default value, and option has two option values at least; Its building process is following: (1) is divided into essential option, option and three zones of customization item with the option storehouse, and three zones are all to comprise the tabulation mode layout of option names, option number and option value; (2) aviation enterprise is according to actual conditions, with every kind of type option general, that can not change with the stored in form of tabulation in database, this tabulation contains option names, option number and three attributes of option value, its option value is default value; Read these tabulations through computer program then and show in essential option zone; (3) according to market study situation and customer demand analysis, the aircraft option is generally: 1) engine, 2) undercarriage; 3) the avionics equipment in the driving cabin; 4) arrangement of the interior trim in main cabin, kitchen, lavatory and seat is in conjunction with the attribute of option, at option areal structure aircraft option; For each option adds its option value, each option value all related one or a plurality of standalone module; With the engine is example; Engine has several kinds of turbojet and turbofan formulas; Elect the turbojet engine as engine option value 1; Organically form an independently module and related with the required part of turbojet engine is installed, by that analogy, accomplish the structure of option with engine option value 1; (4) establishment of customization item, business to customer specific demand are carried out comprehensive with classification and draft into an option, pass through enterprise engineering department again and prove its feasibility;
B. the setting of option restriction relation; The restriction relation of option is present between the option, and the restriction relation of option is dependence, combination and mutex relation, and each option has a plurality of option values; Each option value is association module independently all; The related module of Total Options value can both satisfy the functional requirement of this option, is mutex relation between the different options value of each option, with { n
1, n
2N
mRepresent the option value of each option and store the mutex relation of different options value with " non-" logical relation, thereby limit a kind of allocation plan that the client can only select option, if each option all is independent; Aircraft has n option, and each option has m option value, and then this aircraft has n*m kind allocation plan; In fact, there is dependence between the aircraft option, if the option value 2 of the option value of option A 1 and option B relies on each other; Then use " with " dependence of logical relation storage option A value 1, option B value 2; When the value 1 of customer selecting option A, according to option restriction relation between the two, system is the value 2 of customer selecting option B automatically; The organic assembling of the option value of different options forms multiple aircraft configuration scheme, thereby accomplishes the structure in aircraft configuration storehouse;
Step 2: the structure of customer demand model; Gather the demand knowledge of client to aircraft; Analyze refinement customer demand knowledge through specialist examination, market study interpretation of result and configuration result; Thereby set up fairly perfect customer demand model, the customer demand model comprises two aspect contents: 1) fuzzy client requirement information is converted into and can be about to the client the abstract functional requirement of aircraft is refined as close with it product parameters through the parameter of computer scheduling and configuration; 2) through the conditions of demand and the profound excavation of client's suggestion of customer order, like product, find out customer demand individualized feature and behavior preference, generate the characteristic parameter of the aircraft outward appearance, indoor arrangement and the decorative colors that are fit to different regions and age bracket client;
Step 3: the generation of client's allocation plan; According to allocation plan by customer requirement list this demand model of match in the aircraft configuration storehouse of customer demand model conversation; To demonstrate model machine to the client through three-dimensional model simultaneously, generate the detailed explanation document of this model machine to allocation plan;
Step 4: the mapping of customer demand; Customer demand is decomposed into structuring demand, semi-structured demand and product function demand; Each demand is mapped as concrete engineering characteristic, generates the design parameter of the product module that satisfies this project characteristic, combine client's allocation plan again; Extract critical data wherein, should data based airplane design standard generate the airplane design parameter;
Step 5: the storage of client's configuration data and analysis; Each client's allocation plan data storage is got up; And configuration data sorted out; Mathematical method with cluster and comparative analysis is analyzed these data, grasps current market aircraft product demand situation through these data on the one hand, makes things convenient for business decision; These data rules are as the additional important evidence of customer demand knowledge on the other hand, and for the NM demand of client, system will improve customer demand knowledge from configuration module occupation rate and cost performance angle.
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| CN106548000A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-03-29 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | A kind of aircraft efficiency sensitivity analysis method |
| CN106897380A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-27 | 浙江大学 | The self adaptation demand model construction method that a kind of Design-Oriented knowledge is dynamically pushed |
| CN106897380B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2020-01-14 | 浙江大学 | Design knowledge dynamic pushing-oriented adaptive demand model construction method |
| CN111177847A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-19 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Civil aircraft configuration management method and device |
| CN111177847B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2023-12-22 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Civil aircraft configuration type configuration management method and device |
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