CN102721947A - Efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method for airborne digital array radar - Google Patents
Efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method for airborne digital array radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method for airborne digital array radar, and belongs to the field of suppression of clutters of airborne radar. In the method, a cascading mode is adopted for the airborne non-front lateral planar array radar working in a medium and high pulse repetition frequency (PRF) system, and the method includes designing a robust adaptive digital beam former (ADBF) in a pitching dimension of airspace to suppress short-range clusters at first; and designing a two-dimensional dimension-reduction space-time adaptive processor (STAP) in a direction-pulse field to further suppress long-range clutters. By the aid of the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method, the clutters at various fuzzy distances of the airborne non-front lateral planar array radar can be effectively filtered, the convergence speed is fast, computational complexity is low, and the method is suitable for engineering application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of a kind of airborne Digital Array Radar, belong to airborne radar clutter and suppress the field.
Background technology
Look work under the airborne radar, the land clutter frequency spectrum is wide, intensity is big, and it is the core means that improve detection performance that clutter is effectively suppressed.Handling (STAP) technology based on the two-dimentional space-time adaptive of orientation, spatial domain and time domain impulse sampling is the effective ways that airborne radar clutter suppresses, and just adopts this technology like the E2-D airborne early warn ing radar of the U.S..STAP is as a kind of statistical adaptive Processing Algorithm, only satisfies under independent same distribution (IID) condition performance at clutter and just can give full play to list of references [1-6].
Airborne radar generally adopts pulse Doppler (PD) system.When radar pulse repetition frequency (PRF) is selected medium-high frequency; Will have range ambiguity, in a range unit, can receive the noise signal of a plurality of rang rings this moment simultaneously, wherein the clutter of fuzzy distance is nearest for the first time; Intensity is maximum; List of references [4,14] is defined as the short range clutter, and its characteristic is conducted in-depth analysis.When airborne radar adopts the non-working side battle array; Short range clutter and far field clutter spectrum distribution trajector deviation are very big; And spectrum was exceedingly fast with range conversion when the short range clutter was empty, caused the serious non-stationary of noise performance of different distance unit, and the clutter rejection that two-dimentional STAP handles sharply descends.
To compensating the heterogeneity between the different distance door, like lists of references [7-13] such as self-adaptation angle-Doppler effect correction, registration compensation apart from the existing a lot of algorithms of non-stationary clutter.But under the range ambiguity condition, the far field clutter has constituted different clutter spectrum with the short range clutter, and backoff algorithm can't be taken into account the clutter of the fuzzy distance of each time simultaneously.Therefore, this type of algorithm can't improve the clutter rejection of follow-up two-dimentional STAP.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed under the high PRF system airborne non-positive side battle array Digital Array Radar and adopt traditional orientation-pulse domain two dimension STAP clutter rejection defect of insufficient; Based on pitching-orientation-pulse three-dimensional territory the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of a kind of airborne Digital Array Radar has been proposed; At first pitching dimension design robust ADBF processor suppresses the short range clutter in the spatial domain, designs two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP processor in orientation-pulse domain then and suppresses long-range clutter.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for solving its technical matters:
The efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of a kind of airborne Digital Array Radar comprises the steps:
1) pitching robust ADBF adaptive beam forms: to each row pitching linear array, dimensionality reduction forms pitching and wave beam and trim wave beam respectively, promptly
M is antenna pitching dimension element number of array in the formula;
is every output signal that is listed as
individual array element in each pulse;
is listed as pitching and the wave beam that forms behind M the array element dimensionality reduction for every,
be the trim wave beam that forms behind M array element dimensionality reduction of every row; Pitching and wave beam
and trim wave beam
correspond to the product of every alignment battle array output signal of pitching and dimensionality reduction matrix
, that is:
is the output signal of each array element of the every row of pitching in each pulse in the formula;
is the conjugate transpose operational symbol;
is transpose operator; After the dimension-reduction treatment of pitching spatial domain, adopt first zero filling pulse as training sample in order to the estimation self-adaptive weights, each array element of digital array received in signal and all only comprised short range clutter information this moment; When defining first zero filling reception of impulse signal of the every row pitching of
individual range unit antenna array linear array is
, and then every array unit's
first zero filling pulse pitching of individual range unit and wave beam
output signal and trim wave beam
output signal are:
According to the secondary lobe SLC principle that disappears mutually;
individual range unit is offseted the short range clutter in pitching and the wave beam with the trim wave beam, and adaptive weight
satisfies:
Wherein
is the mathematical expectation operational symbol;
is the conjugate transpose operational symbol, then
The trim beamformer output signal of
individual range unit and vicinity
first zero filling pulse of individual range unit is estimated to obtain after the every row dimension-reduction treatment of autocorrelation matrix in the formula
employing; Generally get
; I.e.
,
is
individual range unit trim beamformer output signal;
individual range unit and vicinity
first zero filling pulse pitching of individual range unit and beamformer output signal and trim beamformer output signal are estimated to obtain after the every row dimension-reduction treatment of cross-correlation matrix
employing; Generally get
; I.e.
,
is
individual range unit pitching and beamformer output signal;
By formula (2), (3), (4), (5), each row pitching linear array of
individual range unit is realized that the adaptive weight
that the short range clutter suppresses is:
(6)
Therefore; Adopt adaptive weight
Pulse by Pulse to carry out pitching filtering to each alignment battle array of
individual range unit; Just can effectively suppress the short range clutter in each pulse signal, avoid the far field echo signal to incur loss simultaneously; Can adopt above-mentioned flow process to calculate corresponding adaptive weight respectively to the different distances unit, and then the first Pulse by Pulse of every array carried out pitching filtering just can realize the short range clutter in each pulse signal of all range units is suppressed.
2) orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP space-time adaptive is handled: after pitching robust ADBF suppressed the short range clutter, antenna array was equivalent to the orientation linear array; Linear array has N array element when the definition orientation, and each array element receives K pulse signal; When the individual range unit of definition
receives signal is
, guiding vector when detecting target empty
In the formula
;
;
is that the array element orientation is to spacing;
is radar wavelength;
is the target Doppler frequency;
is the target azimuth incident angle;
is radar pulse recurrence interval PRI,
for Kronecker long-pending;
Further suppress to remain long-range clutter based on local Combined Treatment algorithm design orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP processor; The spatial domain, orientation is pointed to both sides at the detection object beam and is respectively got 2 adjacent beams; Time domain is respectively got 1 adjacent Doppler unit in detection both sides, Doppler unit, and then the dimensionality reduction matrix does
is adjacent beams interval, spatial domain in the formula;
is the adjacent Doppler's unit interval of time domain;
, PRF is a radar pulse repetition frequency; After matrix
dimensionality reduction conversion, receive signal and target guiding vector and be respectively:
Behind the dimensionality reduction; The degree of freedom that receives signal
and target guiding vector
is 15; Therefore individual range unit adopts the assorted covariance matrix of making an uproar
after contiguous 50 range unit samples are estimated dimensionality reduction to
, that is:
Wherein
is the output signal of
individual range unit after the dimensionality reduction matrixing;
is for detecting the protected location number of range unit both sides, desirable
;
The self-adaptation power of orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP is:
By formula (8), (9), (11),
individual range unit orientation-pulse domain is realized that the adaptive weight
that long-range clutter suppresses is:
Adopt above-mentioned flow process to calculate corresponding adaptive weight respectively to the different distances unit, just can effectively suppress to influence the long-range clutter of target detection.
To sum up, the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of the present invention's proposition is made up of pitching ADBF cascade orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP; That is: to
individual range unit at first pitching dimension suppress the short range clutter by the row self-adaptation is calculated
, then in the orientation-the pulse domain self-adaptation is calculated
suppresses long-range clutter.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is following:
The present invention is directed to the airborne non-positive side battle array Digital Array Radar that is operated under the middle high pulse repetition frequency and proposed a kind of efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method, comprise pitching robust ADBF, orientation-two steps of pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP; With the two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP algorithm ratio of list of references [6] based on the local Combined Treatment; Operand of the present invention is suitable basically; But the pitching robust ADBF step that increases effectively pre-flock is removed strong distance short range clutter heterogeneous, and then improves the rejection of follow-up orientation-pulse domain two dimension STAP to residual spur; Emulation experiment shows that operand of the present invention has only increased by 2.5% than the two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP algorithm based on the local Combined Treatment, but has improved about 15.5dB at the corresponding strong short range clutter district clutter rejection of the 400th range unit; Therefore the present invention can effectively improve the clutter inhibition effect of China's airborne non-positive side battle array Digital Array Radar, and fast convergence rate, and operand is little, is easy to engineering construction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the non-positive side array antenna geometric relationship figure of airborne radar.
Fig. 2 is forward sight battle array angle-Doppler's spectrogram.
Fig. 3 is a forward sight battle array distance-Doppler spectrogram.
Fig. 4 (a) is the 400th a range unit section two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP improvement factor synoptic diagram; Fig. 4 (b) is the 600th a range unit section two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP improvement factor synoptic diagram.
Fig. 5 is a pitching spatial domain dimensionality reduction exemplary plot.
Fig. 6 is that three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppresses signal processing flow figure.
Fig. 7 is pitching and beam pattern figure.
Fig. 8 (a) is that the 400th the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter of range unit section suppresses the improvement factor synoptic diagram; Fig. 8 (b) is that the 600th the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter of range unit section suppresses the improvement factor synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the invention is explained further details.
The non-positive side of airborne radar battle array geometric relationship is as shown in Figure 1.Suppose that antenna is the rectangle battle array, the rows of array elements column pitch is half-wavelength.If the normal direction of antenna plane is the x axle, the horizontal of antenna plane is the y axle, and the direction that makes progress perpendicular to ground is the z axle.The heading of the machine of carrying departs from the angle in y axle left side for
; The angle of radar main lobe beam position and array antenna transverse axis is
; The ground clutter of different distance is different to the angle of pitch of array antenna.The angle of pitch is defined as the angle of radar ray and antenna array normal,
as shown in Figure 1,
.The relation of clutter Doppler frequency and distance does,
is for carrying motor speeds in the formula;
is for carrying the machine height;
is radar wavelength;
is the clutter oblique distance;
is the clutter angle horizontal with respect to antenna plane,
for carrying the crab angle in the relative y axle of machine heading left side.For non-positive side battle array, the clutter two-dimensional spectrum of the fuzzy distance of each time is an elliptic curve, and the clutter two-dimensional spectrum of different distance does not overlap.Angle-doppler spectral shown in Figure 2 is the clutter two dimension spectral line of the different fuzzy distances of same range unit under the forward sight battle array, and wherein the short range clutter of fuzzy distance and the clutter spectrum of the fuzzy distance of other each times of far field significantly depart from for the first time.Fig. 3 has provided the distance-doppler spectral of radar reception clutter, and wherein leftmost curve promptly corresponds to the short range clutter of different distance unit.It is thus clear that clutter slowly changes with distance at a distance, and distance variation far away is slow more.
Conventional two-dimensional STAP is synthetic in pitching dimension with antenna array, forms the orientation linear array, then to the orientation-impulse sampling Design of Signal clutter self-adapting suppression filter of each range unit.Consider the speed of convergence and the operand of adaptive algorithm; List of references [6] has proposed local Combined Treatment algorithm (JDL); Guiding vector during promptly according to the detection target empty;
individual adjacent beams is respectively got in the beam position both sides in the spatial domain; Detect both sides, Doppler unit in time domain and respectively get
individual adjacent Doppler unit, and then the design of the local at
dimensionality reduction STAP processor.Under simulation parameter; Get
;
utilizes adjacent 50 range units to estimate two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP weights.Adopt improvement factor (IF) to weigh the clutter rejection, it is defined as
(2)
is the assorted ratio of making an uproar of output letter after two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP handles in the formula,
be that the assorted ratio of making an uproar is believed in the input of array element individual pulse reception signal.Fig. 4 has provided the IF curve in the 400th range unit section and the 600th range unit section respectively.It is thus clear that short range clutter power is big, seriously non-homogeneous down because airborne non-positive side battle array distance by radar blurs the 400th range unit section, the remarkable broadening of IF recess, target detection performance descends at a slow speed; Because distance increase short range clutter power descends, and non-homogeneous intensity weakens, IF recess broadening slightly improves the 600th distance segment unit section.
The present invention is the improvement to conventional two-dimensional STAP algorithm; Through increasing digital array spatial domain pitching dimension degree of freedom; In pitching-orientation-pulse domain studies three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method; Adopt cascade system, at first Adaptive Suppression is strong apart from short range clutter heterogeneous, and then designs two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP processor in orientation-pulse domain and suppress long-range clutter.
This paper scheme comprises following 2 steps: (1) pitching robust ADBF; (2) orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP.Provide concrete analysis below.
(1) pitching robust ADBF
Airborne numeral battle array radar ideal conditions can calculate the weight coefficient of each range unit pitching airspace filter device down according to radar parameter respectively.But because carry a machine height, the array element width of cloth equates error effect, the pitching wave filter recess of calculating can with short range clutter mismatch.List of references [14] has further been studied the complete space domain self-adapted algorithm of pitching on this basis, and its degree of freedom in system is a pitching bay number.But under the range ambiguity, except short range clutter information, also comprised the far field clutter that receives in the training sample of choosing.Clutter its pitching dimension spatial domain guiding vector in far field is consistent with the pitching main beam direction, and this moment, the far field clutter was echo signal.Therefore, estimate that by the training sample that comprises the far field noise signal pitching ADBF weights that suppress the short range clutter can cause signal cancellation, the adaptive weight that calculates when serious can make the pitching main beam produce distortion.
The radar simulation parameter is as shown in table 1, and Fig. 4 has provided the spatial domain and the wave beam corresponding figures of pitching routine and wave beam and different distance pitching adaptive weight.It is thus clear that adaptive weight has all formed deep notch at short range clutter place to be suppressed it, but the pitching main beam has also produced distortion, the target signal to noise ratio loss that this must cause follow-up two-dimentional STAP to handle.
Table 1 radar system parameter
The parameter title | Parameter values |
Pulse repetition rate | 5000Hz |
The sampling bandwidth | |
Line number | |
8 | |
Columns | 64 |
Carry motor speeds | 150m/s |
Pulse number in the CPI | 64 |
Carry the machine flying height | 8000m |
Array element distance and wavelength ratio |
Several received pulses do not return owing to far field signal (target and long-range clutter) as yet before the Airborne PD Radar, generally as the zero filling pulse.If with the zero filling pulse as training sample estimation self-adaptive weights, the signal cancellation that then can effectively avoid the far field clutter to cause.When at radar system parameter PRF being
5000Hz; The 1st the corresponding maximum distance of zero filling pulse is 30 kilometers, also has 20 ° deviation with the pitching main beam.Therefore, utilize first zero filling pulse to estimate short range clutter self-adapting weights, just can when suppressing the short range clutter, improve pitching main beam conformality.
Adopt first zero filling pulse to estimate short range clutter information, compare with list of references [14], number of training has just significantly reduced.The short range clutter requires to adopt too much range unit to come the estimate covariance matrix with the fast-changing non-stationary property of distance.Therefore, we further study pitching spatial domain dimensionality reduction scheme, to improve speed of convergence, reduce number of training.
Adopt first zero filling pulse estimate covariance matrix, each range unit all has only short range clutter information.As far as contiguous some range units, its short range clutter spatial domain angle of pitch is approximate identical, and with the pitching main beam bigger differential seat angle is arranged, and therefore only needs two degree of freedom just can suppress it well.To phased array antenna, we handle respectively by row.To each row pitching linear array, dimensionality reduction respectively as shown in Figure 5 forms pitching and wave beam and trim wave beam, promptly
(3)
Where M is the number of array elements antenna elevation dimension;
for each column first
th element output signals at each pulse.
is listed as pitching and the wave beam that forms behind M the array element dimensionality reduction for every,
be the trim wave beam that forms behind M array element dimensionality reduction of every row.
,
correspond to the product of every alignment battle array output signal of pitching and dimensionality reduction matrix
in fact, that is:
Wherein
is the output of each array element of the every row of pitching in each pulse;
is the conjugate transpose operational symbol, and
is transpose operator.After the dimension-reduction treatment of pitching spatial domain, adopt first zero filling pulse as training sample in order to the estimation self-adaptive weights, each array element of digital array received in signal and all only comprised short range clutter information this moment.Suppose that first zero filling reception of impulse signal of the every row pitching of
individual range unit antenna array linear array is
signal, then every array unit's
first zero filling pulse pitching of individual range unit and wave beam
output signal and trim wave beam
output signal are:
According to secondary lobe (SLC) principle that disappears mutually;
individual range unit is offseted the short range clutter in pitching and the wave beam with the trim wave beam, and adaptive weight
satisfies:
Wherein
is the mathematical expectation operational symbol;
is the conjugate transpose operational symbol, then
Wherein the trim beamformer output signal of
individual range unit and vicinity
first zero filling pulse of individual range unit is estimated to obtain after the every row dimension-reduction treatment of autocorrelation matrix
employing; Generally get
; I.e.
,
is
individual range unit trim beamformer output signal.
individual range unit and vicinity
first zero filling pulse pitching of individual range unit and beamformer output signal and trim beamformer output signal are estimated to obtain after the every row dimension-reduction treatment of cross-correlation matrix
employing; Generally get
; I.e.
,
is
individual range unit pitching and beamformer output signal.
By formula (4), (5), (6), (7), each row pitching linear array of
individual range unit is realized that the adaptive weight
that the short range clutter suppresses is:
Therefore; Adopt adaptive weight
Pulse by Pulse to carry out filtering to each row pitching linear array of
individual range unit; Just can effectively suppress the short range clutter in each pulse signal, avoid the far field echo signal to incur loss simultaneously.Can adopt above-mentioned flow process to calculate corresponding adaptive weight respectively to the different distances unit, and then the first Pulse by Pulse of every array carried out pitching filtering just can realize the short range clutter in each pulse signal of all range units is suppressed.
2) orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP
After the short range clutter pitching filtering, the antenna array equivalence has formed an orientation linear array.Since elimination the short range clutter component, the clutter rejection of follow-up azimuth-range territory two dimension STAP will significantly improve.
The assumed position linear array has N array element, and each array element receives K pulse signal.Individual range unit receives signal for
to suppose
, and the guiding vector does when detecting target empty
In the formula
;
;
is that the array element orientation is to spacing;
is radar wavelength;
is the target Doppler frequency;
is the target azimuth incident angle;
is radar pulse recurrence interval (PRI),
for Kronecker long-pending.
Further suppress to remain long-range clutter based on JDL algorithm design orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP processor; The spatial domain, orientation is pointed to both sides at the detection object beam and is respectively got 2 adjacent beams; Time domain is respectively got 1 adjacent Doppler unit in detection both sides, Doppler unit, and then the dimensionality reduction matrix does
is adjacent beams interval, spatial domain in the formula;
is the adjacent Doppler's unit interval of time domain;
, PRF is a radar pulse repetition frequency; After matrix
dimensionality reduction conversion, receive signal and target guiding vector and be respectively
Behind the dimensionality reduction, the degree of freedom that receives signal
and target guiding vector
is 15.Therefore individual range unit adopts the assorted covariance matrix of making an uproar
after contiguous 50 range unit samples are estimated dimensionality reduction to
, that is:
Wherein
is the output signal of
individual range unit after the dimensionality reduction matrixing;
is the protected location number of detecting unit both sides, desirable
.
The self-adaptation power of orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP processor is:
is the normalization complex constant in the formula.
By formula (10), (11), (13),
individual range unit orientation-pulse domain is realized that the adaptive weight
that long-range clutter suppresses is:
To sum up, the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of the present invention's proposition is made up of pitching ADBF cascade orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP; That is: to
individual range unit at first pitching dimension suppress the short range clutter by the row self-adaptation is calculated
; Then in the orientation-the pulse domain self-adaptation calculates
and suppresses long-range clutter, its signal processing flow is as shown in Figure 6.
Simulation parameter is with table 1, and Fig. 7 calculates the spatial domain response diagram of adaptive weight respectively at 12.3Km and 18.3Km for this paper scheme step (1) pitching robust ADBF.Adaptive weight has all formed deep notch at the corresponding angle of pitch of short range clutter, and the pitching main beam is consistent with conventional formation main beam performance.
The performance of coming the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of quantitative analysis with improvement factor (IF) below.Fig. 8 has provided the IF curve of two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP and this paper method respectively.Short range clutter district, the more two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP of the IF of this paper method is significantly increased, and wherein the 400th range unit section, the short range noise intensity is big, changes soon, and performance improvement is especially obvious, and this paper algorithm has improved about 15.5dB; The 600th range unit section, the short range noise intensity dies down, compare with two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP, and, this paper algorithm has improved about 6.5dB.
The present invention compares with the two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP of routine, has increased cascade pitching robust ADBF flow process, and its self-adaptive processing dimension is merely 2.In simulation calculation; The self-adaptive processing dimension of two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP is 15; Compare two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP; It is about 0.25% that the operand of efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method has only increased, and when two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP self-adaptive processing dimension increased, it is littler that operand of the present invention increases ratio.Therefore; To in airborne non-positive side battle array Digital Array Radar under the high PRF system; The efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method that the present invention proposes is suitable with conventional two-dimensional dimensionality reduction STAP operand, and can significantly improve the clutter rejection of the fuzzy distance of each time.
List of references
[1] Brennan L E, Mallet J D, Reed I S. Theory of adaptive radar [J]. IEEE Trans. On AES., 1973, 9(2): 237-251。
[2] Wang Yongliang, Peng Yingning. space-time adaptive signal Processing [M]. publishing house of Tsing-Hua University. 2000.
[3] Reed I S, Mallett J D, and Brennan L E. Rapid convergence rate in adaptive arrays[J]. IEEE Trans. AES. 1974, 10(6): 853-863。
[4] Meng Xiangdong. space-time two-dimensional Adaptive Signal Processing and moving-target detect [D]. Xi'an: Xian Electronics Science and Technology University, 2009.
[5] Shen Mingwei. handle moving target detection technique research [D] during airborne radar space. Nanjing: Nanjing Aero-Space University, 2008.
[6] Wang H, Cai L J. On Adaptive Spatial-Temporal Processing for Airborne Surveillance Radar System [J]. IEEE Trans. on AES. 1994, 30(3):660:670。
[7] Kreyenkamp O, Klemm R. Doppler compensation in forward-looking STAP radar [J]. IEE Proceedings-Radar Sonar and Naviqation. 2001,148(5): 253-258。
[8] Braham Himed, Zhang Yuhong, Abdelhak Hajjari. STAP with Angle-Doppler Compensation for Bistatic Airborne Radars [C]. Proceedings of the IEEE Radar Conference. 2002:311–317。
[9] Zatman M. Circular array STAP [J]. IEEE Trans. on AES, 2000, 36(2): 510~517。
[10] Braham H., Michel J.H., Zhang Y.H.. Bistatic STAP performance analysis in radar applications. Atlanta, GA, USA: Proceedings of the IEEE National Radar Conference, 2001: 198~203。
[11] Lapierre, F D, Verly J G, Van Droogenbroeck. New solutions to the problem of range dependence in bistatic STAP radars[C]. Piscataway NJ, USA: Proceedings of the IEEE International Radar Conference, 2003: 452-459。
[12] Xie W C, Wang Y L. New solution to Range-Dependence Problem in STAP Radar with HPRF[C]. Boston, MA: IEEE 2007 Radar Conference, 2007: 562-567。
[13] Colone F. Spectral Slope-based approach for mitigating bistatic Space-Time Adaptive Processing clutter dispersion [J]. IET Radar Sonar & Navigation. 2011, 5(5):593-603。
[14] Meng Xiangdong, Wang Tong etc. the pitching that airborne phased array radar short range clutter suppresses is to space domain self-adapted algorithm [J]. electronics and information journal, 2010,32 (4): 948-952.
Claims (1)
1. the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of airborne Digital Array Radar is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) pitching robust ADBF adaptive beam forms: to each row pitching linear array, dimensionality reduction forms pitching and wave beam and trim wave beam respectively, promptly
(1)
M is antenna pitching dimension element number of array in the formula;
is every output signal that is listed as
individual array element in each pulse;
is listed as pitching and the wave beam that forms behind M the array element dimensionality reduction for every,
be the trim wave beam that forms behind M array element dimensionality reduction of every row; Pitching and wave beam
and trim wave beam
correspond to the product of every alignment battle array output signal of pitching and dimensionality reduction matrix
, that is:
(2)
is the output signal of each array element of the every row of pitching in each pulse in the formula;
is the conjugate transpose operational symbol;
is transpose operator; After the dimension-reduction treatment of pitching spatial domain, adopt first zero filling pulse as training sample in order to the estimation self-adaptive weights, each array element of digital array received in signal and all only comprised short range clutter information this moment; When defining first zero filling reception of impulse signal of the every row pitching of
individual range unit antenna array linear array is
, and then every array unit's
first zero filling pulse pitching of individual range unit and wave beam
output signal and trim wave beam
output signal are:
According to the secondary lobe SLC principle that disappears mutually;
individual range unit is offseted the short range clutter in pitching and the wave beam with the trim wave beam, and adaptive weight
satisfies:
(4)
Wherein
is the mathematical expectation operational symbol;
is the conjugate transpose operational symbol, then
The trim beamformer output signal of
individual range unit and vicinity
first zero filling pulse of individual range unit is estimated to obtain after the every row dimension-reduction treatment of autocorrelation matrix in the formula
employing; Get
; I.e.
,
is
individual range unit trim beamformer output signal;
individual range unit and vicinity
first zero filling pulse pitching of individual range unit and beamformer output signal and trim beamformer output signal are estimated to obtain after the every row dimension-reduction treatment of cross-correlation matrix
employing; Get
; I.e.
,
is
individual range unit pitching and beamformer output signal;
By formula (2), (3), (4), (5), each row pitching linear array of
individual range unit is realized that the adaptive weight
that the short range clutter suppresses is:
2) orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP space-time adaptive is handled: after pitching robust ADBF suppressed the short range clutter, antenna array was equivalent to the orientation linear array; Linear array has N array element when the definition orientation, and each array element receives K pulse signal; When the individual range unit of definition
receives signal is
, guiding vector when detecting target empty
In the formula
;
;
is that the array element orientation is to spacing;
is radar wavelength;
is the target Doppler frequency;
is the target azimuth incident angle;
is radar pulse recurrence interval PRI,
for Kronecker long-pending;
Further suppress to remain long-range clutter based on local Combined Treatment algorithm design orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP processor; The spatial domain, orientation is pointed to both sides at the detection object beam and is respectively got 2 adjacent beams; Time domain is respectively got 1 adjacent Doppler unit in detection both sides, Doppler unit, and then the dimensionality reduction matrix does
is adjacent beams interval, spatial domain in the formula;
is the adjacent Doppler's unit interval of time domain;
, PRF is a radar pulse repetition frequency; After matrix
dimensionality reduction conversion, receive signal and target guiding vector and be respectively:
Behind the dimensionality reduction; The degree of freedom that receives signal
and target guiding vector
is 15; Therefore individual range unit adopts the assorted covariance matrix of making an uproar
after contiguous 50 range unit samples are estimated dimensionality reduction to
, that is:
Wherein
is the output signal of
individual range unit after the dimensionality reduction matrixing;
is for detecting the protected location number of range unit both sides, desirable
;
The adaptive weight of orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP is:
By formula (8), (9), (11),
individual range unit orientation-pulse domain is realized that the adaptive weight
that long-range clutter suppresses is:
Adopt above-mentioned flow process to calculate corresponding adaptive weight respectively to the different distances unit, just can effectively suppress to influence the long-range clutter of target detection.
Priority Applications (1)
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