CN102717289B - Machine tool and cutter changing method - Google Patents
Machine tool and cutter changing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102717289B CN102717289B CN201210086737.0A CN201210086737A CN102717289B CN 102717289 B CN102717289 B CN 102717289B CN 201210086737 A CN201210086737 A CN 201210086737A CN 102717289 B CN102717289 B CN 102717289B
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- cutter
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- tool changing
- movement
- lathe
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
- B23Q3/15526—Storage devices; Drive mechanisms therefor
- B23Q3/15534—Magazines mounted on the spindle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/20—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/22—Control or regulation of position of tool or workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2220/00—Machine tool components
- B23Q2220/002—Tool turrets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2716/00—Equipment for precise positioning of tool or work into particular locations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a machine tool and a cutter changing method for changing a cutter accommodated in an accommodation part and a cutter arranged on a machining part for machining workpieces. The machine tool saves the types of the cutters, such as a standard one or a cutter having large diameter in a cutter information table. The machine tool determines whether the cutter in the next process is a standard one or the cutter having the large diameter based on the cutter information table. When the cutter in the next process moves from the accommodation part to a cutter changing standby position, the machine tool allows the standard cutter to move in a high speed and the cutter having the large diameter to move in a low speed. Therefore, the machine tool can prevent the cutter having the large diameter and a cutter changing arm from interference during the changing of the cutters. The machine tool provided enables the moving of the main shaft head and the cutter changing arm toward the cutter changing position and the moving of the cutter in the next process toward the cutter changing standby position to parallelly carry out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lathe and cutter replacing method that the cutter be contained in accommodation section and the cutter in the processing department being arranged on for being processed workpiece are exchanged.
Background technology
Lathe carries out the various processing such as Milling Process, tapping.Lathe has accommodation section and the cutter-exchange mechanism of cutter.The accommodation section of cutter is for holding multiple cutter.The cutter of cutter-exchange mechanism for the cutter changing be arranged on main shaft is become to be contained in accommodation section of cutter.Lathe carries out various processing on one side continuously while change cutter according to processing object.
The lathe recorded in No. 130702, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication 2007 has tool magazine and tool changing arm.Tool magazine is for holding multiple cutter.Tool changing arm utilizes a pair handle part hold each cutter and carry out rotating and exchanging cutter.When exchanging with the cutter be contained in tool magazine the cutter be arranged on main shaft, whether each cutter that a pair handle part of lathe to tool changing arm holds interferes mutually judges.Lathe, when being judged to be that cutter interferes, performs the tool changing action of two actions.Lathe, when being judged to be that cutter does not interfere, performs the tool changing action of an action.
The tool changing arm recorded in No. 132555, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication 2008 has rotating shaft and the arm main body of hollow.Arm main body is linked to the lower end of rotating shaft.Tool changing device arranges lubricating grease supply line and supplying lubricating grease circulation in the inner side of rotating shaft, to be located at tool changing arm inside for mechanical finger (finger) to the supply such as the switching mechanism lubricating grease carrying out opening and closing.
In above-mentioned lathe, the main shaft being provided with cutter rises, declines on the vertical direction such as workbench with the workpiece be configured with as processing object.When carrying out tool changing, main axle moving is to the tool change position arriving top.Lathe is selected to a cutter of exchangeable object from the multiple cutters be contained in accommodation section.Cutter selected by lathe moves to tool changing position of readiness.The cutter moving to the main shaft of tool change position and the cutter moving to tool changing position of readiness are adjacent to arrange in the horizontal direction.Tool changing arm is between two cutters.Tool changing arm has a pair handle part for holding cutter.The state that tool changing arm holds cutter respectively with each handle part rotates roughly 180 ° in the horizontal direction and exchanges cutter.
In order to shorten tool change time, preferred lathe walk abreast carry out main shaft movement and accommodation section in the movement of cutter.Preferred lathe carried out the movement of the cutter in accommodation section before the movement of main shaft.
Multiple cutters that accommodation section holds are for carrying out different processing.Therefore, the shape, size etc. of each cutter are of all kinds.When exchanging cutter, be arranged on the cutter on main shaft, tool changing arm, move to the cutter of tool changing position of readiness closely to arrange.Lathe selects to be contained in the larger cutter in return object of size (particularly diameter) in accommodation section sometimes, and exchangeable object is moved to tool changing position of readiness.In the case, there is the problem producing interference in order to exchange tool changing arm that cutter is moved upward and larger-size cutter in the process of movement.In order to avoid interfering, lathe needs after the mobile end of main shaft and tool changing arm, the cutter in mobile accommodation section.But in the case, when exchangeable object is the less cutter of the size that do not interfere, lathe also cannot shorten swap time, thus the productivity ratio of lathe reduces.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, be provided in when exchanging cutter and can avoid tool changing arm etc. and the interference of cutter, lathe and the cutter replacing method of the time required for tool changing can be shortened.
The lathe of technical scheme 1 comprises: accommodation section, and it is for holding multiple cutter; Processing department, it is processed workpiece for mounting cutter; Tool changing portion, its cutter for the cutter changing be arranged in this processing department is become to be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section; 1st moving part, it moves to tool changing position of readiness for making the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section, and this tool changing position of readiness is for utilizing above-mentioned tool changing portion to carry out the position of tool changing; 2nd moving part, it is for making above-mentioned processing department and above-mentioned tool changing portion at the Working position for making above-mentioned processing department process workpiece and moving between the tool change position of the exchange being arranged on the cutter in above-mentioned processing department, the feature of this lathe is, this lathe has control part, and this control part controls according to the translational speed of the size of the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section to the cutter utilizing above-mentioned 1st moving part movement.
Lathe makes this cutter move to tool changing position of readiness to exchange the cutter be contained in accommodation section, and translational speed when this moves by lathe controls accordingly with the size of cutter.Such as, the size of lathe to the size of cutter judges.The cutter that lathe makes size less is to move to tool changing position of readiness at a high speed.Lathe makes larger-size cutter move to tool changing position of readiness with low speed.
Lathe makes cutter that the size of the possibility of the interference do not existed between the cutter of accommodation section and tool changing portion (tool changing arm) is less with high-speed mobile.The larger-size cutter of the possibility that lathe makes existence interfere moves with low speed.Therefore, lathe can walk abreast and carry out being contained in the movement of the cutter in accommodation section to tool changing position of readiness, and processing department and tool changing portion are to the movement of tool change position, therefore, it is possible to shorten the time needed for tool changing.
The lathe of technical scheme 2 also has storage part, the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section stores with the translational speed of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement that utilizes of this cutter by this storage part accordingly, above-mentioned control part controls based on the translational speed be stored in above-mentioned storage part, and above-mentioned cutter is moved with the translational speed corresponding with the cutter that will exchange.
Lathe prestores the cutter be contained in the accommodation section table corresponding with translational speed when making this cutter move to tool changing position of readiness.The cutter for exchanging selected by lathe from accommodation section.Lathe makes cutter move to tool changing position of readiness with the translational speed be stored in table corresponding with the cutter selected.The translational speed of the size being most suitable for cutter can be pre-set in table by user.Lathe can realize the movement of more high efficiency cutter.
The lathe of technical scheme 3 makes above-mentioned control part control as follows: the size of cutter is larger, utilizes the translational speed of the cutter of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement lower; The size of cutter is less, utilizes the translational speed of the cutter of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement higher.
The cutter that lathe makes size larger more moves to tool changing position of readiness with low speed.The cutter that lathe makes size less is more to move to tool changing position of readiness at a high speed.The larger-size cutter that lathe can make to exist the possibility that the cutter of accommodation section and tool changing portion interfere is avoided moving to tool changing position of readiness interferingly.Lathe can shorten the time needed for movement of the less cutter of the size of the possibility that there is not interference.
The lathe of technical scheme 4,5, above-mentioned control part controls the time delay starting the moment of movement utilizing the moment starting movement of the cutter of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement relative to the above-mentioned processing department and above-mentioned tool changing portion that utilize above-mentioned 2nd moving part movement according to the size of the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section.
Lathe starts to start to control to the time delay in the moment of tool change position movement to the moment of tool changing position of readiness movement relative to processing department and tool changing portion to the cutter be contained in accommodation section according to the size of cutter.Such as, the size of lathe to the size of cutter judges.The cutter that lathe makes size less and processing department and tool changing portion start mobile roughly simultaneously.The moment that lathe makes larger-size cutter start movement starts the moment delay stipulated time of movement than processing department and tool changing portion.Such as, lathe prestores the table making time delay corresponding with cutter.Lathe, when making the cutter of accommodation section move, makes cutter start after have passed through the time delay be stored in table mobile from processing department and tool changing portion start movement.
Lathe can make the moment starting movement of the larger-size cutter of the possibility that there is accommodation section and the interference of tool changing portion postpone.Lathe can the cutter in the cutter of accommodation section and tool changing portion produce interfere before make the mobile end in processing department and tool changing portion.Lathe can walk abreast and carry out being contained in the cutter in accommodation section to the movement of tool changing position of readiness and processing department and tool changing portion to the movement of tool change position.The translational speed of technical scheme 4,5 can be set as the speed higher than the translational speed of technical scheme 1.
The lathe of technical scheme 6 comprises: accommodation section, and it is for holding multiple cutter, processing department, it is processed workpiece for mounting cutter, tool changing portion, its cutter for the cutter changing be arranged in this processing department is become to be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section, 1st moving part, it moves to tool changing position of readiness for making the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section, and this tool changing position of readiness is for utilizing above-mentioned tool changing portion to carry out the position of tool changing, 2nd moving part, it is for making above-mentioned processing department and above-mentioned tool changing portion at the Working position for making above-mentioned processing department process workpiece and moving between the tool change position of the exchange being arranged on the cutter in above-mentioned processing department, the feature of this lathe is, this lathe has control part, this control part controls the time delay starting the moment of movement utilizing the moment starting movement of the cutter of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement relative to the above-mentioned processing department and above-mentioned tool changing portion that utilize above-mentioned 2nd moving part movement according to the size of the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section.
Lathe starts to start to control to the time delay in the moment of tool change position movement to the moment of tool changing position of readiness movement relative to processing department and tool changing portion to the cutter be contained in accommodation section according to the size of cutter.Such as, the size of lathe to the size of cutter judges.The cutter that lathe makes size less and processing department and tool changing portion start mobile roughly simultaneously.The moment that lathe makes larger-size cutter start movement starts the moment delay stipulated time of movement than processing department and tool changing portion.Such as, lathe prestores the table making time delay corresponding with cutter.Lathe, when making the cutter of accommodation section move, makes cutter start after have passed through the time delay be stored in table mobile from processing department and tool changing portion start movement.
Lathe can make the moment starting movement of the larger-size cutter that there is the cutter of accommodation section and the possibility of tool changing portion interference postpone.Lathe can the cutter in the cutter of accommodation section and tool changing portion produce interfere before make the mobile end in processing department and tool changing portion.Lathe can walk abreast and carry out being contained in the cutter in accommodation section to the movement of tool changing position of readiness and processing department and tool changing portion to the movement of tool change position.
The cutter replacing method of technical scheme 7 is the cutter replacing methods exchanged with the cutter of the processing department be arranged on for processing workpiece by the cutter be contained in accommodation section, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned processing department is moved to the tool change position for carrying out tool changing, and above-mentioned cutter being moved to tool changing position of readiness with the translational speed corresponding with the size of the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section, moving to the cutter in the above-mentioned processing department of above-mentioned tool change position and the cutter moving to above-mentioned tool changing position of readiness in above-mentioned accommodation section exchanges to being arranged on.
The cutter replacing method of technical scheme 7 obtains the effect same with technical scheme 1.
The cutter replacing method of technical scheme 8 is the cutter replacing methods exchanged with the cutter of the processing department be arranged on for processing workpiece by the cutter be contained in accommodation section, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned processing department is moved to the tool change position of the exchange for carrying out cutter, and when starting from above-mentioned processing department to have passed through the time corresponding with the size of the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section movement, above-mentioned cutter is moved to tool changing position of readiness, the cutter in the above-mentioned processing department of above-mentioned tool change position is moved to and the cutter moving to above-mentioned tool changing position of readiness in above-mentioned accommodation section exchanges to being arranged on.
Lathe to start movement to tool changing position of readiness to the cutter be contained in accommodation section moment according to the size of cutter starts to control to tool change position relative to processing department and tool changing portion the time delay in the moment of movement.
The cutter replacing method of technical scheme 8 obtains the effect same with technical scheme 6.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of the outward appearance representing lathe.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the structure representing tool magazine.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the structure representing tool magazine.
Fig. 4 is the stereogram of the structure representing cutter-exchange mechanism.
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of the structure representing cutter-exchange mechanism.
Fig. 6 is the stereogram of the structure representing tool changing arm.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the internal structure representing tool changing arm.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that tool changing action is described.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that tool changing action is described.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that tool changing action is described.
Figure 11 is the block diagram of the structure representing lathe.
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of an example of the dimension information representing cutter.
Figure 13 is the flow chart of the order representing the tool changing process undertaken by control device.
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of the example representing the tool-information table that the lathe of variation stores.
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the example representing the tool-information table that the lathe of embodiment 2 stores.
Figure 16 is the flow chart of the order of the tool changing process representing embodiment 2.
Detailed description of the invention
Accompanying drawing referring to expression preferred embodiment is next, and the present invention will be described.
(embodiment 1)
As shown in Figure 1, lathe has metal base station 1.Lathe has the leg 1a of the corner of the bottom being located at base station 1, leg 1a and earth surface.The lower left of Fig. 1 is the front of lathe.
Lathe has the column 2 of column on base station 1.Column 2 is for supporting the main tapping 4 that can move up and down along the front surface of this column 2.Main tapping 4 has main shaft 5 and cutter-exchange mechanism 7.Main shaft 5 is for installing the cutter of processing.Cutter-exchange mechanism 7 is for becoming other cutters by the cutter changing be arranged on main shaft 5.Lathe has Z axis feeding motor 81 (with reference to Figure 11) on the top of column 2.Z axis feeding motor 81 moves up and down for making main tapping 4.
Main tapping 4 has main shaft (processing department) 5 in inside, main shaft 5 can rotate.Lathe has Spindle Motor 6 on the top of main tapping 4.Spindle Motor 6 makes main shaft 5 rotate for drive shaft 5.The mode that main shaft 5 can load and unload with cutter in its lower end is provided with cutter.Spindle Motor 6 is rotated by drive shaft 5 and cutter is rotated.Main shaft 5 utilizes the rising of main tapping 4, decline and moving between tool change position up and the Working position of below.Main shaft 5 has tool mounting portion in bottom.The mode that tool mounting portion can load and unload with cutter keeps cutter.Lathe carries tool changing motor 27, cam mechanism etc. on main tapping 4.Tool changing motor 27, cam mechanism etc. depart from tool mounting portion for the cutter making tool mounting portion keep.
Lathe has the workbench 8 being configured on base station 1 and being configured in the below of main tapping 4.The mode fixation workpiece that workbench 8 can load and unload with workpiece.Table motor 86 (with reference to Figure 11) is for making workbench 8 rotate.X motor 82, Y motor 83 (with reference to Figure 11) are respectively used to make column 2 mobile along X-direction (left and right directions), Y direction (fore-and-aft direction).X motor 82, Y motor 83, table motor 86 are servo motors.
Column 2 has tool magazine fixed part 10 at side mask.Tool magazine fixed part 10 screw thread fixes tool magazine (with reference to Fig. 2), for by tool magazine so that column 2 can not be fixed on relative to the mode of column 2 movement.Tool magazine 11 is for holding multiple cutter.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, tool magazine 11 has transfer mechanism 14.Transfer mechanism 14 has multiple broach shell 13 in front in roughly oblong housing 12.Transfer mechanism 14 have pair of sprocket 15,16, chain 17, multiple bracket 18.Sprocket wheel 15,16 is located at the inner side of tool magazine 11 in the mode that can rotate.Chain 17 is erected between sprocket wheel 15,16.Multiple brackets 18 are fixed on the outer circumferential side of chain 17.Tool magazine 11 has tool magazine motor 19 on top.Tool magazine motor 19 makes sprocket wheel 15 rotate for drive sprocket 15.Multiple broach shell 13 is arranged on bracket 18 respectively.Lathe utilizes tool magazine motor 19 drive sprocket 15 to rotate, and is transferred by multiple broach shell 13 together with chain 17.
Multiple broach shell 13 is all arranged on bracket 18 in the mode can rotated relative to bracket 18.But broach shell 13 contacts with the internal face 12a of housing 12 in the most scope in its transfer path.Installed cutter 20 is maintained in towards the state of horizontal direction by the broach shell 13 contacted with internal face 12a.Housing 12 has opening 12b in lower end side.The broach shell 13 moving to the position of opening 12b can rotate relative to bracket 18.Broach shell 13 makes cutter 20 rotate roughly 90 ° from the state towards horizontal direction to state downward.The cutter 20 kept at the broach shell 13 of opening 12b moves between accommodated position and tool changing position of readiness.Accommodated position is that broach shell 13 makes cutter 20 towards the position of horizontal direction.Tool changing position of readiness is that broach shell 13 waits for the position of tool changing so that cutter 20 mode is downward kept cutter 20.Tool magazine 11 has broach shell rotating mechanism (omitting diagram).Broach shell rotating mechanism makes broach shell 13 move from accommodated position to tool changing position of readiness, or moves from tool changing position of readiness to accommodated position.Broach shell rotating mechanism has cylinder 84 (with reference to Figure 11) and mechanical mechanism.Cylinder 84 is drive sources of mechanical mechanism.Mechanical mechanism is used for broach shell 13 is rotated.
Housing 12 has the installation portion 12c of tabular up and down.Installation portion 12c is formed with through hole.Through hole is used for running through for screw.By installation portion 12c screw thread being fixed on the tool magazine fixed part 10 be located on column 2, thus tool magazine 11 is fixed on column 2.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, cutter-exchange mechanism 7 has the shell 25 of roughly cuboid.Shell 25 is configured at main tapping 4.Cutter-exchange mechanism 7 support 26 had by cylindrical shape is fixed on the tool changing motor 27 on the top of shell 25.Tool changing motor 27 is positioned at the side of the Spindle Motor 6 on the top being fixed on main tapping 4.Cutter-exchange mechanism 7 is for supporting rotating shaft 28.Rotating shaft 28 can stretch out downwards from the through hole of the bottom of shell 25 and return.Rotating shaft 28 can rotate about the axis.Cutter-exchange mechanism 7 has tool changing arm 30.Tool changing arm 30, in tabular, has the mechanical finger of holding cutter 20 to 31 in both sides.Tool changing arm 30 links with the lower end of the mode orthogonal with rotating shaft 28 and rotating shaft 28, and tool changing arm 30 extends along horizontal direction.The rotating shaft of tool changing motor 27 links with the upper end of the driving shaft 29 extended along vertical.Driving shaft 29 is positioned at support 26, shell 25.The side of the driving shaft 29 of rotating shaft 28 in shell 25 extends along vertical.Cam mechanism in shell 25 is used for the rotation of driving shaft 29 to be delivered to rotating shaft 28.
Support 26 has bearing in bottom.The bearing of support 26 is used for the upper end of supporting driving shaft 29.Shell 25 has bearing in bottom.The bearing of shell 25 is used for the bottom of supporting driving shaft 29.Therefore, driving shaft 29 can rotate in support 26 and shell 25.Driving shaft 29 has cylinder element 29a.Cylinder element 29a is arranged on the central part of the axis of driving shaft 29.Cylinder element 29a is formed with top cylinder grooved cam and bottom round cylinder slot cam up and down at outer peripheral face.The top cylinder grooved cam of cylinder element 29a engages with the fastener of the substantial middle being located at swing arm 29b.The one end of the mode supporting oscillation bar 29b that cutter-exchange mechanism 7 can swing with one end of swing arm 29b in shell 25.The contact being located at the other end of swing arm 29b engages with the circumferential groove being located at rotating shaft 28.The bottom round cylinder slot cam of cylinder element 29a engages with oscillating structural member (omit and illustrate).Oscillating structural member swings along with bottom round cylinder slot cam.Cutter-exchange mechanism 7 utilizes the swing of oscillating structural member and the tool mounting portion being arranged on main tapping 4 is moved, and cutter 20 is departed from from main shaft 5.
Driving shaft 29 has parallel cam 29c in bottom.Parallel cam 29c is the multiple mounted cam with two plane cams.Rotating shaft 28 has splined shaft pair 33.Splined shaft pair 33 has driven voller 33b up and down at flange part 33a.Parallel cam 29c abuts with driven voller 33b.Parallel cam 29c has plane cam 29d at the plane cam lower surface of downside.Cutter-exchange mechanism 7 has outer shaft gear 32.Rotating shaft 28 is inserted with in outer shaft gear 32.Outer shaft gear 32 has arm 32a.Arm 32a is provided with fastener on top.Plane cam 29d engages with the fastener of arm 32a.Plane cam 29d is used for the rotation of driving shaft 29 to be delivered to outer shaft gear 32.
Rotating shaft 28 extends along vertical in shell 25.The upper end of rotating shaft 28 through be located at shell 25 top through hole and give prominence to upward.Rotating shaft 28 has flange 28a orthogonal to the axial direction in bottom.Tool changing arm 30 is screwed on flange 28a.Rotating shaft 28 is provided with cylindric splined shaft pair 33 in bottom (but position of side more top than flange part 28a).Splined shaft pair 33 has the flange part 33a arranged along direction orthogonal to the axial direction at outer peripheral face.Flange part 33a supports multiple driven voller 33b in upper and lower surface in the mode that multiple driven voller 33b can rotate respectively.Multiple driven voller 33b configures with the circumference at equal intervals along flange part 33a.The plane cam of parallel cam 29c abuts with multiple driven voller 33b respectively.Therefore, when driving shaft 29 rotates 1 circle, plane cam promotes driven voller 33b, and splined shaft pair 33 rotates 180 ° together with rotating shaft 28.Rotating shaft 28 has the cylinder element being arranged on top.Cylinder element is formed with circumferential groove at outer peripheral face.Circumferential groove engages with the contact of swing arm 29b.Therefore, the rotation of driving shaft 29 is utilized and when swinging, rotating shaft 28 moves back and forth along above-below direction at swing arm 29b.
Cutter-exchange mechanism 7 is for being bearing in the inner side of the through hole of the bottom being located at shell 25 by outer shaft gear 32 in the mode that outer shaft gear 32 can be made to rotate.Outer shaft gear 32 is for making the mechanical finger of tool changing arm 30 to 31 opening and closings.Outer shaft gear 32 has arm 32a on the top of outer peripheral face.Arm 32a spin rotating shaft 28 side extends towards driving shaft 29 side towards oblique upper.Arm 32a has fastener on top.Fastener engages with the planar slot cam 29d of the plane cam lower surface being located at driving shaft 29.Therefore, outer shaft gear 32 based on driving shaft 29 rotation and rotate.Outer shaft gear 32 has a pair recess 32b at lower surface.Tool changing arm 30 has a pair engagement pawl 35a outstanding from top.A pair recess 32b engages with a pair engagement pawl 35a respectively.Rotating shaft 28 inserts the inner side of outer shaft gear 32 with the state between the inner side of outer shaft gear 32 with play.Outer shaft gear 32 rotates independently relative to rotating shaft 28.
Tool changing arm 30 for holding the cutter 20 moving to tool changing position of readiness in the cutter 20 be arranged on main shaft 5 and tool magazine 11, and is carried.As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, tool changing arm 30 has arm main body 30a.Arm main body 30a overlooks and it seems in roughly rectangular flat cuboid.Tool changing arm 30 has a pair mechanical finger to 31.Mechanical finger is located at the position at the roughly diagonal angle of arm main body 30a to 31.Mechanical finger is components of roughly U-shaped to be opened/closed to 31.Arm main body 30a accommodates the mechanism for carrying out opening and closing to 31 to mechanical finger in the enclosure.Mechanical finger is arranged on arm main body 30a 31 the mode of 31 opening and closings can make mechanical finger by bolt 36.Arm main body 30a is provided with the through hole of the toroidal inserted for rotating shaft 28 in upper face center.A pair engagement pawl 35a gives prominence to respectively to top from the inner side of through hole.
Arm main body 30a supports this mechanical finger driving camshaft 35 in inside in the mode making cylindric mechanical finger driving camshaft 35 rotate about the axis.Mechanical finger driving camshaft 35 is provided with through hole in inner side.The lower end of rotating shaft 28 is inserted in through hole.Mechanical finger driving camshaft 35 has mechanical finger driving cam 35b in the downside of outer peripheral face.Mechanical finger driving cam 35b is extend along the direction orthogonal with the axis of mechanical finger driving camshaft 35 flange shape.Mechanical finger driving cam 35b has notch part 35c respectively at symmetrical two positions.Mechanical finger driving camshaft 35 has a pair outstanding upward engagement pawl 35a.A pair engagement pawl 35a is located at symmetrical position.When arm main body 30a is moved upward, engagement pawl 35a is chimeric with a pair recess 32b of outer shaft gear 32 respectively.Mechanical finger driving camshaft 35 utilizes the rotation of outer shaft gear 32 and rotates independently with arm main body 30a.Therefore, tool changing arm 30 can make mechanical finger to 31 opening and closings.
Arm main body 30a have in inside mechanical finger to 31 switching mechanism 37.Switching mechanism 37 is located at the both sides of mechanical finger driving camshaft 35 respectively.Switching mechanism 37 has force section 37a.Force section 37a is used for exerting a force to the direction of opening to 31 to mechanical finger.Switching mechanism 37 has operand 37b.Operand 37b engages with the notch part 35c of mechanical finger driving cam 35b.Operand 37b makes mechanical finger close 31 according to the rotation of mechanical finger driving cam 35c.Outer shaft gear 32 and mechanical finger driving camshaft 35 rotate along with the rotation of driving shaft 29.Lathe makes mechanical finger to 31 opening and closings by making mechanical finger driving cam 35b rotate.
A mechanical finger holds the cutter 20 be arranged on main shaft 5 31.Another mechanical finger holds the cutter 20 moving to tool changing position of readiness in 31 pairs of tool magazines 11.Tool changing arm 30 can one in utilizing mechanical finger to 31 or both rise under the state holding cutter 20 or decline.Tool changing arm 30 rotates 180 ° to carry out the exchange of cutter 20 along horizontal direction.When the cutter 20 that broach shell 13 keeps moves to tool changing position of readiness, this cutter 20 is between mechanical finger is to 31.Mechanical finger can hold this cutter 20 to 31.When cutter 20 does not move to tool changing position of readiness (that is, moving to accommodated position), mechanical finger cannot hold this cutter 20 to 31.
As shown in Figure 8, lathe makes main tapping 4 move downwards adding workpiece 99 man-hour.Lathe makes main tapping 4 and cutter-exchange mechanism 7 grade move to Working position downwards.Working position is the position cutter 20 be arranged on main shaft 5 being contacted with workpiece 99 and processes workpiece 99.In processing work process, the cutter 20 used in subsequent processing selected by lathe.The cutter 20 of selection is carried to the position being formed with opening 12b by lathe.
As shown in Figure 9, lathe makes main tapping 4 be moved upward after process finishing.Lathe makes the cutter 20 of subsequent processing move from accommodated position to tool changing position of readiness.Lathe can start the movement of the cutter 20 in the movement upward of main tapping 4 and tool magazine 11 roughly simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 10, main tapping 4 is made to move to the position (tool change position) of the exchange carrying out cutter, and make after the cutter 20 in tool magazine 11 moves to tool changing position of readiness, the mechanical finger of tool changing arm 30 holds the cutter 20 be arranged on main shaft 5 and the cutter 20 that moves to tool changing position of readiness 31.Lathe makes tool changing arm 30 move and unload two cutters 20 from main shaft 5 and tool magazine 11 downwards.Lathe makes tool changing arm 30 rotate roughly 180 ° along horizontal direction.Lathe makes tool changing arm 30 be moved upward and be arranged on main shaft 5 by the cutter 20 used at subsequent processing.The cutter 20 that lathe is finished using turns back to broach shell 13.The cutter 20 that lathe is finished using simultaneously moves from tool changing position of readiness to accommodated position.Lathe makes main tapping 4 move downwards and starts processing, carries out the selection of next cutter 20 in tool magazine 11.
Control device 60 controls tool changing action as described above.Control device 60 is located at the rear side of column 2.As shown in figure 11, the control device 60 of lathe has CPU61, ROM62, RAM63, EEPROM64, input interface 65, output interface 66.CPU61 is used for the control program being stored in ROM62 being read RAM63 and performing this control program.CPU61 is for carrying out the processing process, tool changing process etc. of workpiece.ROM62 stores the various data etc. needed for process of the control program that CPU61 performs.RAM63 stores the control program read from ROM62 and the various data etc. produced processing procedure temporarily.EEPROM64 is non-volatile memory component that can carry out rewriting data.EEPROM64 is used for storing the various data needed for process.Particularly in the present embodiment, EEPROM64 is used for storing the dimension information of cutter 20.In addition, lathe also can substitute EEPROM64 and carry the non-volatile memory devices such as flash memories.
Lathe has input unit 71, arm sensor 72, Z axis sensor 73, broach shell rising sensor 74, broach shell decline sensor 75.Each sensor 72,73,74,75 is connected with the input interface 65 of control device 60.Input unit 71 adopts keyboard or touch panel etc.Input unit 71 accepts the operation of user.Arm sensor 72 for whether having risen to initial point (position of top side) to tool changing arm 30 detects.Z axis sensor 73 is for main shaft 5, whether the tool change position risen to for exchanging cutter 20 detects.Broach shell rising sensor 74 for whether having rotated (that is, whether cutter 20 moves to accommodated position) to upside at opening 12b place to broach shell 31 detects.Broach shell decline sensor 75 for whether having rotated (that is, whether cutter 20 moves to tool changing position of readiness) to downside at the opening 12b place of tool magazine 11 to broach shell 31 detects.Input interface 65 transmits to CPU61 for information input unit 71, arm sensor 72, Z axis sensor 73, broach shell rising sensor 74, broach shell decline sensor 75 exported.
Lathe has Z axis feeding motor 81, Spindle Motor 6, X motor 82, Y motor 83, tool magazine motor 19, cylinder 84, tool changing motor 27, display unit 85, table motor 86.Each motor (81,6,82,83,19,27,86), cylinder 84, display unit 85 are connected with the output interface 66 of control device 60.Z axis feeding motor 81 is for making main tapping 4 rise along vertical relative to column 2, declining.Spindle Motor 6 rotates for making main shaft 5.X motor 82, Y motor 83 for make column 2 along the X direction, Y-direction moves.Tool magazine motor 19 for make the multiple broach shells 13 in tool magazine 11 touring transfer.Cylinder 84 is for making broach shell 13 move to accommodated position or tool changing position of readiness at the opening 12b of tool magazine 11.Cylinder 84 has magnetic valve (omitting diagram).The responsiveness of cylinder 84 is controlled to by Controlling solenoid valve at a high speed or low speed by CPU61.Tool changing motor 27 for carry out cutter 20 relative to the handling of main shaft 5, the moving up and down of tool changing arm 30, rotate and the holding etc. of cutter 20.Display unit 85 is liquid crystal panels etc.Display unit 85 shows for the operating state to lathe or the message etc. for user.Table motor 86 rotates for making workbench 8.
Lathe has broach shell identification sensor 76.Broach shell identification sensor 76 has light-projecting component 77, photo detector 78, broach shell identification plate 79.Tool magazine 11 is located at by broach shell identification plate 79.Broach shell identification plate 79 has the transmittance section of the pattern corresponding with each broach shell 13.The C PU61 of control device 60 exports light projector signal via output interface 66 to light-projecting component 77.Photo detector 78 accepts the light corresponding with each pattern of transmittance section and exports by optical signal to input interface 65.CPU61 detects the situation which broach shell 13 has been transported to opening 12b according to by optical signal.CPU61, when utilizing broach shell identification sensor 76 to detect to delivered desired broach shell 13, makes tool magazine motor 19 stop, making this cutter 20 be positioned opening 12b.
The dimension information of cutter 20 is stored as tool-information table by EEPROM64.As shown in figure 12, identiflication number, dimension information, positional information store by tool-information table accordingly.Identifying information is the numbering that the multiple cutters 20 had lathe mark.Dimension information represents that each cutter 24 is the information of standard cutter or large footpath cutter.Positional information represents that each cutter 20 is arranged in the information of which position of the broach shell 13 of main shaft 9 or tool magazine 11.In addition, in the present embodiment, diameter is greater than the cutter of mechanical finger to the width (distance between the mechanical finger under open mode) of 31 of tool changing arm 30 is large footpath cutters.Being less than the cutter of mechanical finger to the width of 31 is standard cutter.Positional information changes owing to carrying out the exchange of cutter 20.CPU61 carries out the renewal of positional information when tool changing process.
The control device 60 of lathe makes main tapping 4 be moved upward when performing tool changing instruction.Control device 60 makes the cutter 20 be arranged on main shaft 5 move to tool change position.Control device 60 makes to be contained in being moved from accommodated position to tool changing position of readiness by the cutter 20 of use in subsequent processing in tool magazine 11.Control device 60 starts in the roughly the same moment movement carrying out two cutters 20.The cutter 20 of subsequent processing is large footpath cutter, and when terminating large footpath cutter mobile before the mobile end of main tapping 4, tool changing arm 30 and large footpath cutter interfere.Therefore, the dimension information of control device 60 reference tool information table is that large footpath cutter or standard cutter adjust from accommodated position to the translational speed of tool changing position of readiness movement cutter 20 according to the cutter 20 of subsequent processing.
Control device 60, when the cutter 20 of subsequent processing is standard cutter, carries out cutter 20 at high speed from the accommodated position tool magazine 11 to the movement of tool changing position of readiness.Translational speed now can be the highest speed that cylinder 84 can be utilized to carry out.Control device 60 carries out cutter 20 from accommodated position to the movement of tool changing position of readiness low speed when the cutter 20 of subsequent processing is large footpath cutter.The translational speed of large footpath cutter is, though with the movement of main tapping 4 and cutter-exchange mechanism 7 etc. roughly side by side start cutter 20 from accommodated position to the movement of tool changing position of readiness, the speed that cutter 20 and tool changing arm 30 also do not interfere.The translational speed of large footpath cutter is the value precomputed.For the calculating of the translational speed of large footpath cutter, the cutter for the maximum diameter in the multiple cutters 20 be mounted on lathe carries out calculating.The translational speed of the large footpath cutter calculated is pre-set in control device 60.
As shown in figure 13, in tool changing process, the CPU61 of control device 60 to being that any cutter differentiates (step S1) by the cutter 20 of use in the processing of subsequent processing.CPU61 first reads and is differentiated by the cutter 20 of use in subsequent processing for the procedure processed.CPU61 reads tool-information table (step S2) from EEPROM64.CPU61 obtains the accommodated position of the cutter 20 of subsequent processing according to positional information.The accommodated position of cutter 20 refers to cutter 20 is contained in which broach shell 13.CPU61 is any in standard cutter or large footpath cutter according to the cutter 20 that dimension information obtains subsequent processing.
CPU61 drives tool magazine motor 19 and carries broach shell 13.CPU61 utilizes broach shell identification sensor 76 to carry out the identification of broach shell 13.CPU61 makes the broach shell 13 of the cutter 20 accommodating subsequent processing carry (step S3) to the opening 12b of tool magazine 11.Whether CPU61 has terminated etc. based on the processing of current process and has determined whether to need to carry out tool changing (step S4).When being judged to not need to carry out tool changing (S4:NO), CPU61 is standby to producing the needs of tool changing.
When being judged to need to carry out tool changing (S4:YES), CPU61 drives Z axis feeding motor 81 and makes main tapping 4 start to be moved upward (step S5).Whether CPU61 is that large footpath cutter judges (step S6) based on the dimension information read from tool-information table to the cutter 20 of subsequent processing.When the cutter 20 of subsequent processing is not large footpath cutter (S6:NO), CPU61 drives cylinder 84 and makes cutter 20 to start to move (step S7) to tool changing position of readiness from accommodated position at a high speed.When the cutter 20 of subsequent processing is large footpath cutter (S6:YES), CPU61 makes cutter 20 start to move (step S8) from accommodated position to tool changing position of readiness with low speed.CPU61 roughly side by side carry out main tapping 4 in step S5 start cutter 20 in mobile and step S7 or S8 start movement.
Whether CPU61 terminates the movement of main tapping 4 and whether the movement to tool changing position of readiness of cutter 20 of subsequent processing terminates to judge (step S9).The mobile end of main tapping 4 refers to the mobile end to tool change position of the cutter 20 be arranged on main shaft 5.CPU61 carries out this judgement based on the testing result of Z axis sensor 73 and the testing result of broach shell decline sensor 75.The movement of main tapping 4 and the cutter 20 of subsequent processing move not to any one in the movement of tool changing position of readiness at the end of (S9:NO), CPU61 is standby to mobile end.
When the mobile end of the movement of main tapping 4 and the cutter 20 of subsequent processing (S9:YES), CPU61 drives tool changing motor 27.The exchange (step S10) of the cutter 20 of the cutter 20 that CPU61 utilizes tool changing arm 30 to carry out being arranged on main shaft 5 and the tool changing position of readiness that moved to tool magazine 11.CPU61 drives cylinder 84 and makes the cutter 20 of a upper operation of the tool changing position of readiness being in tool magazine 11 to move (step S11) to accommodated position at a high speed.CPU61 drives Z axis feeding motor 81 and main tapping 4 is moved downwards (step S12).The movement downwards of main tapping 4 refers to the movement to Working position of the cutter 20 be arranged on main shaft 5.CPU61 can walk abreast the movement carried out in step S11, S12.After the process carrying out step S12, CPU61 makes process turn back to step S1, until the total travel of processing terminates repeatedly to carry out above-mentioned process.
As mentioned above, lathe stores each cutter 20 in tool-information table is any in standard cutter or large footpath cutter.When lathe makes cutter 20 move to tool changing position of readiness from accommodated position, make standard cutter with high-speed mobile, large footpath cutter is moved with low speed.Lathe can avoid large footpath cutter and tool changing arm 30 to interfere when exchanging cutter.Therefore, lathe can walk abreast when exchanging cutter carry out main tapping 4 movement and tool magazine 11 in the movement of cutter 20.Lathe can shorten the time exchanged needed for cutter, can shorten the time needed for total travel of processing.Therefore, it is possible to improve the productivity ratio of lathe.
Cutter 20 is categorized into standard cutter or these two kinds, large footpath cutter by the lathe of present embodiment.Lathe carries out the movement from accommodated position to tool changing position of readiness with high speed or low speed.But lathe also can be formed as such as cutter 20 being categorized into more than three classes such as standard cutter, central diameter cutter, large footpath cutter and control translational speed.
The lathe of present embodiment starts the movement to tool changing position of readiness of the cutter 20 in the movement upward of main tapping 4 and tool magazine 11 roughly simultaneously.But lathe also can start mobile in the different moment.
The lathe of present embodiment with at a high speed or the constant speed of low speed carry out the movement of cutter 20.But lathe also can carry out such as when making large footpath cutter move, start mobile and control that is little by little hoisting velocity etc. with low speed.
The lathe of present embodiment judges the size of cutter 20 based on the dimension information of tool-information table.But lathe such as also can utilize the sensor being located at tool magazine 11 to detect the size of cutter 20.
(variation)
As shown in figure 14, the lathe of variation, except the information shown in Figure 12, also stores the translational speed of each cutter 20 at tool-information table.The translational speed of each cutter 20 is expressed as sets the translational speed of standard cutter as ratio time 100 (maximum speed).Such as, identiflication number 3 large footpath cutter with 80% of standard cutter speed move.The large footpath cutter of identiflication number 5 moves with the speed of 50% of standard cutter.The CPU61 of control device 60 carries out the drived control of cylinder 84, makes when making the cutter 20 of tool magazine 11 move to tool changing position of readiness, and the cutter 20 of tool magazine 11 is moved with the speed of specifying in tool-information table.
The lathe of variation can preset best translational speed for each cutter 20.Therefore, lathe can carry out tool changing more expeditiously, can more boost productivity.
(embodiment 2)
Lathe the controlling from accommodated position to the translational speed of tool changing position of readiness the cutter 20 in tool magazine 11 of embodiment 1.Therefore, the interference between cutter 20 and tool changing arm 30 avoided by the lathe of embodiment 1.But, avoid the method for the interference of cutter 20, tool changing arm 30 to be not limited thereto.The lathe of embodiment 2 makes cutter 20 identical and have nothing to do with the size of cutter 20 to the speed of tool changing position of readiness movement from accommodated position.But the lathe of embodiment 2 makes cutter 20 start to be later than to the period of tool changing position of readiness movement the period that main tapping 4 starts to be moved upward.Thus, the lathe of embodiment 2 is the structures of the interference avoiding cutter 20 and tool changing arm 30.
As shown in figure 15, the lathe of embodiment 2, except the information shown in Figure 12, stores the time delay in the mobile period as each cutter 20 in tool-information table.The unit of the time delay of each cutter 20 is stored as ms (millisecond) by the tool-information table of embodiment 2.The CPU61 of control device 60 makes main tapping 4 start to be moved upward to exchange cutter after the process finishing of current process.CPU61 makes cutter 20 move to tool changing position of readiness from accommodated position after have passed through the time delay being stored in tool-information table.In illustrated tool-information table, such as, the time delay of standard cutter is set as 0ms.In this case, CPU61 makes the cutter 20 in tool changing storehouse 11 start to move to tool changing position of readiness in the moment starting movement with main tapping 4 roughly simultaneously.Such as, 500ms is set as the time delay of the large footpath cutter of identiflication number 3.In this case, CPU61 makes cutter 20 start to move to tool changing position of readiness have passed through 500ms starting from main tapping 4 to move after.
As shown in figure 16, the CPU61 of the control device 60 of the lathe of embodiment 2 to being anyly to differentiate the cutter 20 of use (step S21) in the processing of subsequent processing.CPU61 reads tool-information table (step S22) from EEPROM64.CPU61 obtains the accommodated position in the tool magazine 11 of the cutter 20 of subsequent processing according to the positional information of tool-information table.CPU61 obtains the time delay of the cutter 20 of subsequent processing from tool-information table.CPU61 set (step S23) obtained time delay.
CPU61 drives tool magazine motor 19 to carry broach shell 13.CPU61 carries out the identification of the broach shell 13 implemented by broach shell identification sensor 76.CPU61 makes the broach shell 13 of the cutter 20 accommodating subsequent processing to position conveying (step S24) of the opening 12b of tool magazine 11.CPU61 judges (step S25) the need of carrying out exchange cutter.When being judged to not need to exchange cutter (S25:NO), CPU61 is standby to producing the needs of tool changing.
When being judged to need to exchange cutter (S25:YES), CPU61 drives Z axis feeding motor 81 and makes main tapping 4 start to be moved upward (step S26).CPU61 carries out the timing of the time delay set in step S23.CPU61 judged (step S27) the time delay that whether have passed through setting.Not through time delay (S27:NO), CPU61 is standby until through time delay.When have passed through time delay (S27:YES), CPU61 drives cylinder 84 and makes cutter 20 to start to move (step S28) to tool changing position of readiness from accommodated position at a high speed.
Whether CPU61 terminates the movement of main tapping 4 and whether the movement to tool changing position of readiness of cutter 20 of subsequent processing has terminated to judge (step S29).CPU61 carries out this judgement based on the testing result of Z axis sensor 73 and the testing result of broach shell decline sensor 75.At the end of the movement not of any one (S29:NO), the standby movement to both of CPU61 all terminates.
When the mobile end of the movement of main tapping 4 and the cutter 20 of subsequent processing (S29:YES), CPU61 drives tool changing motor 27.CPU61 utilizes tool changing arm 30 to carry out being arranged on the exchange (step S30) of the cutter 20 moving to tool changing position of readiness of cutter 20 on main shaft 5 and tool magazine 11.CPU61 drives cylinder 84 and makes the cutter of a upper operation of the tool changing position of readiness being in tool magazine 11 to move (step S31) to accommodated position at a high speed.CPU61 drives Z axis feeding motor 81 and main tapping 4 is moved downwards (step S32).CPU61 makes process turn back to step S21, repeatedly carries out above-mentioned process until the total travel of processing terminates.
As mentioned above, the lathe of embodiment 2 stores the time delay starting movement of each cutter 20 in tool-information table.Lathe, after making main tapping 4 start to be moved upward, makes cutter 20 start to move to tool changing position of readiness after have passed through the time delay be set in tool-information table.Lathe can avoid the interference between cutter 20 and tool changing arm 30.Therefore, lathe also independently can carry out the movement of cutter 20 with the size of cutter 20 with identical translational speed.Lathe can walk abreast when exchanging cutter carry out main tapping 4 movement and tool magazine 11 in the movement of cutter 20.
The lathe of present embodiment stores the time delay of each cutter 20 in tool-information table.But, lathe also can not in tool-information table the storage delay time.Such as, time delay predetermined when lathe also can utilize the cutter 20 of movement to be large footpath cutter carries out the control starting movement.
The lathe of present embodiment and the size of cutter independently make cutter move from accommodated position to tool changing position of readiness with identical speed.But lathe also can be control and the structure starting both the control in mobile moment shown in embodiment 2 of carrying out the translational speed shown in embodiment 1.In the case, lathe stores translational speed and the time delay of each cutter 20 in tool-information table.
Other structures of the lathe of embodiment 2 are identical with the structure of the lathe of embodiment 1, therefore, mark identical Reference numeral and omit detailed description to identical position.
For embodiment 1 Figure 13 shown in step S 4 and embodiment 2 Figure 16 shown in step S25 in the need of exchanging the judgement of cutter, the tool changing order of specifying in procedure also can be utilized to judge.
The lathe of present embodiment makes broach shell 13 rotate from accommodated position to tool changing position of readiness.Also broach shell can be made to move along horizontal direction from accommodated position to tool changing position of readiness.
The lathe of present embodiment adopts cylinder 84 and broach shell 13 is moved.Also can substitute cylinder 84 as alter mode and adopt motor.
Claims (8)
1. a lathe, it comprises:
Accommodation section (11), it is for holding multiple cutter;
Processing department (5), it is processed workpiece for mounting cutter;
Tool changing portion (30), its cutter for the cutter changing be arranged in this processing department is become to be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section;
1st moving part (84), it moves to tool changing position of readiness for making the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section, and this tool changing position of readiness is for utilizing above-mentioned tool changing portion to carry out the position of tool changing;
2nd moving part (4,81), it is for making above-mentioned processing department and above-mentioned tool changing portion at the Working position for making above-mentioned processing department process workpiece and moving between the tool change position of the exchange being arranged on the cutter in above-mentioned processing department,
The feature of this lathe is,
This lathe has control part (61), and this control part (61) controls according to the translational speed of size to the cutter utilizing above-mentioned 1st moving part movement being contained in the cutter in above-mentioned accommodation section,
This lathe with utilize the independently parallel movement to above-mentioned tool changing position of readiness carrying out utilizing above-mentioned 1st moving part to carry out of the size of the cutter of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement, and the movement to above-mentioned tool change position utilizing above-mentioned 2nd moving part to carry out.
2. lathe according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
This lathe also has storage part (64), and the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section stores with the translational speed of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement that utilizes of this cutter by this storage part (64) accordingly,
Above-mentioned control part controls based on the translational speed be stored in above-mentioned storage part, and the cutter that must exchange is moved with the translational speed corresponding with this cutter be stored in storage part (64).
3. lathe according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned control part is controlled as follows: the size of cutter is larger, utilize the translational speed of the cutter of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement lower; The size of cutter is less, utilizes the translational speed of the cutter of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement higher.
4. lathe according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned control part controls the time delay starting the moment of movement utilizing the moment starting movement of the cutter of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement relative to the above-mentioned processing department and above-mentioned tool changing portion that utilize above-mentioned 2nd moving part movement according to the size of the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section.
5. lathe according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned control part controls the time delay starting the moment of movement utilizing the moment starting movement of the cutter of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement relative to the above-mentioned processing department and above-mentioned tool changing portion that utilize above-mentioned 2nd moving part movement according to the size of the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section.
6. a lathe, it comprises:
Accommodation section (11), it is for holding multiple cutter;
Processing department (5), it is processed workpiece for mounting cutter;
Tool changing portion (30), its cutter for the cutter changing be arranged in this processing department is become to be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section;
1st moving part (84), it moves to tool changing position of readiness for making the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section, and this tool changing position of readiness is for utilizing above-mentioned tool changing portion to carry out the position of tool changing;
2nd moving part (4,81), it is for making above-mentioned processing department and above-mentioned tool changing portion at the Working position for making above-mentioned processing department process workpiece and moving between the tool change position of the exchange being arranged on the cutter in above-mentioned processing department,
The feature of this lathe is,
This lathe has control part (61), this control part (61) controls the time delay starting the moment of movement utilizing the moment starting movement of the cutter of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement relative to the above-mentioned processing department and above-mentioned tool changing portion that utilize above-mentioned 2nd moving part movement according to the size being contained in the cutter in above-mentioned accommodation section
This lathe with utilize the independently parallel movement to above-mentioned tool changing position of readiness carrying out utilizing above-mentioned 1st moving part to carry out of the size of the cutter of above-mentioned 1st moving part movement, and the movement to above-mentioned tool change position utilizing above-mentioned 2nd moving part to carry out.
7. a cutter replacing method, it is the cutter replacing method exchanged with the cutter of the processing department be arranged on for processing workpiece by the cutter be contained in accommodation section, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned processing department is moved to the tool change position for carrying out tool changing, and makes to be contained in cutter in above-mentioned accommodation section to move to tool changing position of readiness with the translational speed that this is contained in the size of the cutter in above-mentioned accommodation section corresponding,
The cutter in the above-mentioned processing department of above-mentioned tool change position is moved to and the cutter moving to above-mentioned tool changing position of readiness in above-mentioned accommodation section exchanges to being arranged on,
Carry out the movement of above-mentioned processing department to tool change position with the size of the cutter to the movement of tool changing position of readiness in above-mentioned accommodation section is independently parallel, and be contained in the movement of the cutter in above-mentioned accommodation section to tool changing position of readiness.
8. a cutter replacing method, it is the cutter replacing method exchanged with the cutter of the processing department be arranged on for processing workpiece by the cutter be contained in accommodation section, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned processing department is moved to the tool change position of the exchange for carrying out cutter, and when starting from above-mentioned processing department to have passed through the time corresponding with the size of the cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section movement, this cutter be contained in above-mentioned accommodation section is moved to tool changing position of readiness
The cutter in the above-mentioned processing department of above-mentioned tool change position is moved to and the cutter moving to above-mentioned tool changing position of readiness in above-mentioned accommodation section exchanges to being arranged on,
Carry out the movement of above-mentioned processing department to tool change position with the size of the cutter to the movement of tool changing position of readiness in above-mentioned accommodation section is independently parallel, and be contained in the movement of the cutter in above-mentioned accommodation section to tool changing position of readiness.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011-070936 | 2011-03-28 | ||
| JP2011070936A JP2012200856A (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2011-03-28 | Machine tool and tool change method |
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| CN102717289A CN102717289A (en) | 2012-10-10 |
| CN102717289B true CN102717289B (en) | 2014-12-17 |
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| JP (1) | JP2012200856A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101398752B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102717289B (en) |
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| CN109571136B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2021-12-31 | 兄弟工业株式会社 | Control device and machine tool |
| KR102413980B1 (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2022-06-28 | 주식회사 디엔솔루션즈 | Apparatus for attaching and detaching magazine tool |
| US11780040B2 (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2023-10-10 | Makino Milling Machine Co., Ltd. | Machine tool |
| CN113021044A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-25 | 江苏德杰机械设备有限公司 | Angle adjusting device of tool magazine tool changing mechanism |
| CN114367851A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-04-19 | 深圳领威科技有限公司 | Tool changing method and device and machining center |
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| EP0719615A1 (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-07-03 | DECKEL MAHO GmbH | Programmable machine tool |
| CN201079906Y (en) * | 2007-08-16 | 2008-07-02 | 魏德重 | Automatic cutter changing device for machine tool |
| JP2010099766A (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2010-05-06 | Fanuc Ltd | Machine tool including automatic tool changing device |
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| JPH0661669B2 (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1994-08-17 | オークマ株式会社 | Load weight type speed control method |
| JPH1190752A (en) * | 1997-09-16 | 1999-04-06 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Changing speed control method for automatic tool changer |
| KR100936873B1 (en) * | 2002-12-31 | 2010-01-14 | 두산인프라코어 주식회사 | A Special Tool Inserting Method of CNC |
| JP4706445B2 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2011-06-22 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | Machine tool and its tool change method |
-
2011
- 2011-03-28 JP JP2011070936A patent/JP2012200856A/en not_active Withdrawn
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2012
- 2012-03-23 KR KR1020120029675A patent/KR101398752B1/en active IP Right Grant
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0719615A1 (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-07-03 | DECKEL MAHO GmbH | Programmable machine tool |
| CN201079906Y (en) * | 2007-08-16 | 2008-07-02 | 魏德重 | Automatic cutter changing device for machine tool |
| JP2010099766A (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2010-05-06 | Fanuc Ltd | Machine tool including automatic tool changing device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20120110018A (en) | 2012-10-09 |
| KR101398752B1 (en) | 2014-05-27 |
| JP2012200856A (en) | 2012-10-22 |
| CN102717289A (en) | 2012-10-10 |
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