CN102710309A - Synchronization signal transmission method applied to large-scale antenna array - Google Patents
Synchronization signal transmission method applied to large-scale antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- CN102710309A CN102710309A CN2012101779216A CN201210177921A CN102710309A CN 102710309 A CN102710309 A CN 102710309A CN 2012101779216 A CN2012101779216 A CN 2012101779216A CN 201210177921 A CN201210177921 A CN 201210177921A CN 102710309 A CN102710309 A CN 102710309A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synchronization signal transmission method applied to a large-scale antenna array. The method comprises the following steps that: (a) an antenna array of a base station is configured into a one-dimensional linear array or a two-dimensional rectangular array; (b), the base station generates an original synchronization signal, maps the original synchronization signal to each antenna or each beam port by using a weighted vector, and transmits the mapped synchronization signal from each antenna; and (c) low-correlation weighted vectors can be used for realizing transmission diversity at different moments. When the antenna array of the base station is the one-dimensional linear array or the two-dimensional rectangular array, the original synchronization signal can be mapped to each antenna or each beam port by using a cyclical orthogonal sequence as the weighted vector, and the omnibearing coverage of the synchronization signal in a current cell (or a sector) can be realized; the method is low in implementation complexity and universal for different scenarios; and transmitted power can be maximally utilized, and the omnibearing coverage can be realized within a short time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly use the GSM of extensive aerial array, relate in particular to the emission that in extensive aerial array, realizes synchronizing signal in base station side.
Background technology
For adapting to the needs of future development; GSM requires to support the high-speed packet data transmission up to per second hundreds of million even last gigabit; Under situation about being becoming tight radio spectrum resources day; Adopt many antenna transmission and many antennas to receive the Radio Transmission Technology of (MIMO), be one of mainstream technology of moving communicating field research in the past over year surplus in the of ten always.(LTE-A with 3GPP is an example to receive the antenna number quantitative limitation; It supports 8 transmit antennas at most in base station side); The spectrum efficiency of traditional M IMO technology is still lower; Therefore using more antenna configurations with further excavation Spatial Dimension resource in base station side, is one of development trend of future mobile communication system.When the base station is configured extensive antenna (tens even up to a hundred), is limited to the restriction of bulk, and, generally adopts less antenna distance (being no more than 1 carrier wavelength) in order to utilize the correlation between antenna.
Be the matter of utmost importance that the GSM design needs consideration synchronously.In general GSM, user's (travelling carriage) after powering on, need at first detect synchronizing channel with accomplish sub-district (or sector) search, cell selecting and and the base station between set up Time and Frequency Synchronization.Because the characteristics that the uncertainty of each customer location and the position of a large number of users are evenly distributed in the sub-district; Therefore the synchronizing signal in the sub-district must be sent with omnidirectional's form when emission; Promptly the transmitting power of synchronizing signal should be even as far as possible on all directions, guarantees that with this user of all directions in the sub-district can obtain evenly synchronizing signal received signal to noise ratio reliably.Except synchronizing signal, also have some signals from base station the time, also should have omnidirectional's characteristic, like broadcast singal, therefore, coverage of the present invention not only comprises synchronizing signal itself, comprises that also all should have the signal of omnidirectional's characteristic.
Single antenna is easier to obtain omnidirectional's characteristic, and many antennas are because phase mutual interference, difficulty acquisition omnidirectional characteristic.The synchronizing signal radiation pattern that is applied to many antennas at present mainly contains time switched transmit diversity (TSTD), precoding vectors switches (PVS) and cyclic delay diversity (CDD).TSTD only uses 1 transmit antennas with the formation omnidirectional signal at synchronization, but when antenna quantity was big, its utilance to transmitting power was low excessively, can't guarantee that the user obtains reliable received signal to noise ratio.PVS uses wave beam spatially complimentary to one another to realize the covering to area of space in difference constantly, then needs to merge repeatedly receiving signal if will obtain reliable received signal to noise ratio, when antenna quantity is big, can cause lock in time long.CDD sends cyclic shift each other on different antennae synchronizing signal to be guaranteeing omnidirectional's characteristic, but can bring pseudo-multipath effect at receiving terminal, and corresponding synchronized algorithm is comparatively complicated.Therefore, existing synchronizing signal radiation pattern can't be applicable to the extensive aerial array that number of transmit antennas is more.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of synchronizing signal launching technique that is applicable to extensive aerial array, can realize that the omnidirectional of synchronizing signal in the sub-district covers, for the user of all directions provides evenly synchronizing signal received signal to noise ratio reliably.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of synchronizing signal launching technique that is applicable to extensive aerial array may further comprise the steps:
A, antenna for base station configuration
The transmitting antenna configuration of base station side both can be traditional array antenna, also can be multi-beam antenna.No matter be which kind of antenna, its aerial array both can be an one dimensional linear array, also can be the two-dimensional rectangle battle array.Each antenna can adopt single polarization or multi-polarization antenna in the array.The directional diagram of all antennas should be identical.
B, synchronizing signal emission
The base station at first generates original synchronizing signal, and this signal can be selected according to circumstances, and the present invention does not make any constraint to it.Generate good synchronizing signal and be admitted to the omnidirectional signal maker with weight vectors, in the omnidirectional signal maker, synchronizing signal becomes multichannel by 1 the tunnel to be exported after multiply by weight vectors, sends into each antenna or beam port then and launches.Weight vectors can use the cyclic orthogonal experiment sequence, and Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence is exactly a kind of of cyclic orthogonal experiment sequence.
As the weight vectors sequence should have ideal or approximate ideal the cycle auto-correlation or aperiodic autocorrelation performance; So that the synchronizing signal of sending from antenna has omnidirectional's characteristic; This sequence should have permanent mould or approximate constant modulus property in addition, so that transmitter power can be fully utilized.The ZC sequence is exactly a kind of permanent mode sequence with ideal period autocorrelation performance, and it can be used as weight vectors.
C, transmit diversity
For user and the equivalent channel between the base station of avoiding low speed to move is in deep fade for a long time, can be in front and back during several times emission synchronizing signal, use low each other relevant weight vectors, to realize transmit diversity.
The present invention proposes in base station side; Use the cyclic orthogonal experiment sequence as weight vectors; 1 tunnel original synchronizing signal is mapped to the method for multichannel to each antenna or beam port, has realized the uniform distribution of transmitting power on all directions of space of synchronizing signal, its implementation complexity is low; Weight vectors has versatility between various cell configuration scenes, and when having avoided the conventional synchronization signal transmitting method to be applied to extensive aerial array problem, the problem includes: problem such as power utilization is low, lock in time is long.
Beneficial effect: the synchronizing signal launching technique that is applicable to extensive aerial array provided by the invention has following advantage:
1, the formed synchronizing signal of this method has omnidirectional's characteristic;
The computational methods of the weight vectors that 2, this method provided do not receive the restriction of antenna amount and antenna pattern, as long as antenna amount is definite, just can generate the weight vectors of a series of correspondences according to given rule very simply;
3, this method can at utmost be utilized transmitting power (when using the ZC sequence), can realize that omnidirectional covers within a short period of time.
Description of drawings
The synchronizing signal launching technique diagram that is applicable to extensive aerial array that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates for multi-antenna array of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further:
Use the synchronizing signal launching technique of extensive aerial array as shown in Figure 1.Synchronizing signal emission flow process is following:
The base station at first generates original synchronizing signal.Employed sequence of this signal and baseband modulation mode thereof (like single carrier or multi-carrier modulation) can be selected according to circumstances, and the present invention does not make any constraint to it.
Generate good synchronizing signal and be admitted to omnidirectional signal maker 101 with weight vectors.The main effect of omnidirectional signal maker 101 is to make the synchronizing signal of sending from multi-antenna array 104 at last have omnidirectional's characteristic.Omnidirectional signal maker 101 mainly comprises M multiplier 101-1 to 101-M.On multiplier 101-1 to 101-M, synchronizing signal respectively with weight vectors in corresponding element multiply each other, therefore 1 tunnel original synchronizing signal is extended to M road synchronizing signal and output.The concrete generation method of weight vectors will provide at the back literary composition.
The signal of output is admitted to sending module 102 from omnidirectional signal maker 101.The main effect of sending module 102 is that discrete baseband signal is become analog radio-frequency signal, to send into the antenna emission.Sending module 102 mainly comprises M sendaisle 102-1 to 102-M.Mainly comprise D/A modular converter, carrier modulation module, power amplifier module and other necessary control module in each sendaisle.
Multiple beam forming network 103 is optional module.
When system uses array antenna; Multiple beam forming network 103 does not exist; Multi-antenna array 104 directly links to each other with sending module 102, and this moment, M equated with N, and the M road signal of promptly exporting from sending module 102 is admitted to N=M input (antenna) port of multi-antenna array 104 and launches.
And when system uses multi-beam antenna; Multiple beam forming network 103 physical presence; It comprises M input (wave beam) port, and M wave beam corresponding to multi-beam antenna can form comprises N output port; Corresponding to the antenna of the N in the multi-antenna array 104, M and N can equate also can be unequal.Be admitted to M input (wave beam) port of multiple beam forming network 103 from the M road signal of sending module 102 outputs; From N output port output of multiple beam forming network 103, send into N input (antenna) port of multi-antenna array 104 then and launch then.
When using multi-beam antenna, total M of multi-beam antenna formed wave beam in the space, similar with the shape of rectangle battle array, it can be divided into the M of vertical angular orientation
1The M of individual wave beam and level angle direction
2Individual wave beam satisfies M=M
1* M
2When using array antenna, satisfy N=M, and N
1=M
1, N
2=M
2
Can find out from top explanation; Weight vectors in the omnidirectional signal maker 101 is M dimension always, and when using multi-beam antenna, its expression synchronizing signal is to the weight vectors of M beam port; And when using array antenna, its expression synchronizing signal is to the weight vectors of N=M antenna port.Its i element is that multiplier 101-i goes up the weight coefficient w that uses
iA kind of generating mode do
Wherein
With
Being respectively length is M
1With M
2Column vector, ()
HConjugate transpose is got in expression, and vec () expression is carried out the vector quantization operation to matrix, promptly
This M
1* M
2All row of dimension matrix are stacked into 1 row by order becomes M
1M
2* 1 is the column vector of M * 1 dimension, []
iThe i row element of column vector is got in expression.Here
Or
Being designed to length is M
1Or M
2(one dimension) ZC sequence.Length is that the generation expression formula of the ZC sequence of K does
Wherein γ may be selected to be less than K and any positive integer relatively prime with K.It should be noted that; The defined ZC sequence of through type (2) does not comprise all ZC sequences, and all sequences that on the basis of formula (2), derives is if itself be permanent mode sequence; And the result of its DFT (DFT) still is permanent mode sequence, all should be regarded as a kind of of ZC sequence.Similar; Be not difficult to find that
that through type (1) obtains is two-dimentional ZC sequence; It itself is permanent mould; And the result of its two-dimentional DFT also is permanent mode sequence, and all two-dimensional sequences that through type (1) derives also all should be regarded as a kind of of two-dimentional ZC sequence.
For user and the equivalent channel between the base station of avoiding low speed to move is in deep fade for a long time, can be in front and back during several times emission synchronizing signal, adopt low each other relevant weight vectors, to realize transmit diversity.Here two weighting vector
and
correlation coefficient between the defined
(3)
Wherein matrix trace is got in tr () expression.Can find; Low correlation between
and
can obtain through the low correlation between
and
or
and
, and
Yu
or
Yu the low correlation between
can be Tong Guoed the character Huo De of ZC sequence.For two length be ZC sequence
and
of K as
when satisfying one of following condition,
and
can obtain low correlation:
Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.The all available prior art of each part not clear and definite in the present embodiment realizes.
Claims (4)
1. a synchronizing signal launching technique that is applicable to extensive aerial array is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The aerial array of a, base station is one dimensional linear array or two-dimensional rectangle battle array;
B, base station at first generate original synchronizing signal, use weight vectors that original synchronizing signal is mapped to each antenna or beam port, and the synchronizing signal after the mapping is sent through each antenna;
C, constantly can use low each other relevant weight vectors to realize transmit diversity in difference.
2. the synchronizing signal launching technique that is applicable to extensive aerial array according to claim 1 is characterized in that: among the said step a, said antenna adopts single polarization or multi-polarization antenna, and the directional diagram of all antennas is identical.
3. the synchronizing signal launching technique that is applicable to extensive aerial array according to claim 1 is characterized in that: among the said step b, said weight vectors uses the cyclic orthogonal experiment sequence.
4. the synchronizing signal launching technique that is applicable to extensive aerial array according to claim 3 is characterized in that: among the said step b, said weight vectors uses the ZC sequence.
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CN102916735A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-02-06 | 东南大学 | Wireless communication method making use of large-scale antenna array |
CN105493547A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2016-04-13 | 株式会社Ntt都科摩 | Synchronization signal transmission method and base station device |
CN106160776A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-11-23 | 北京信威通信技术股份有限公司 | Transmit-Receive Unit and bay mapping method and device |
CN106160816A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-23 | 东南大学 | Extensive mimo system realizes the synchronizing signal of perfect omnidirectional precoding and the transmission of signal and method of reseptance |
CN108092697A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-05-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | The transmission method and device of signal |
US20180324730A1 (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2018-11-08 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method for transmitting synchronization signal using codebook in wireless communication system |
CN109845334A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2019-06-04 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | The method and apparatus synchronous for the wireless device in the communication system based on wave beam |
CN111669210A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-15 | 西安交通大学 | Multi-user timing synchronization method based on large-scale antenna space-time alignment |
US11108522B2 (en) | 2016-08-19 | 2021-08-31 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Distinguishing reference signals in a beam-based communication system |
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CN102916735B (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2016-06-08 | 东南大学 | Utilize the wireless communications method of large-scale antenna array |
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CN105493547A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2016-04-13 | 株式会社Ntt都科摩 | Synchronization signal transmission method and base station device |
CN105493547B (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2019-06-18 | 株式会社Ntt都科摩 | Method for transmitting synchronizing signal and base station apparatus |
CN106160776A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-11-23 | 北京信威通信技术股份有限公司 | Transmit-Receive Unit and bay mapping method and device |
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US20180324730A1 (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2018-11-08 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method for transmitting synchronization signal using codebook in wireless communication system |
US10701649B2 (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2020-06-30 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method for transmitting synchronization signal using codebook in wireless communication system |
US10998968B2 (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2021-05-04 | Southeast University | Methods for sending and receiving synchronization signals and signals subjected to perfect omnidirectional pre-coding in large-scale MIMO system |
WO2017219389A1 (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2017-12-28 | 东南大学 | Methods for sending and receiving synchronization signals and signals subjected to perfect omnidirectional pre-coding in large-scale mimo system |
CN106160816A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-23 | 东南大学 | Extensive mimo system realizes the synchronizing signal of perfect omnidirectional precoding and the transmission of signal and method of reseptance |
CN109845334A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2019-06-04 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | The method and apparatus synchronous for the wireless device in the communication system based on wave beam |
US10932211B2 (en) | 2016-08-11 | 2021-02-23 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method and apparatus for wireless device synchronization in a beam-based communication system |
US11570733B2 (en) | 2016-08-11 | 2023-01-31 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method and apparatus for wireless device synchronization in a beam-based communication system |
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US11108522B2 (en) | 2016-08-19 | 2021-08-31 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Distinguishing reference signals in a beam-based communication system |
CN108092697A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-05-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | The transmission method and device of signal |
CN108092697B (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2022-11-15 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Signal transmission method and device |
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CN111669210A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-15 | 西安交通大学 | Multi-user timing synchronization method based on large-scale antenna space-time alignment |
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