CN102709140B - Gas discharging type ion source for neutron pipe - Google Patents
Gas discharging type ion source for neutron pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN102709140B CN102709140B CN201210161961.1A CN201210161961A CN102709140B CN 102709140 B CN102709140 B CN 102709140B CN 201210161961 A CN201210161961 A CN 201210161961A CN 102709140 B CN102709140 B CN 102709140B
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- ion source
- foam metal
- deuterium
- active thin
- type ion
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Abstract
The invention provides a gas discharging type ion source for a neutron pipe, belonging to the technical field of an accelerator. The gas discharging type ion source comprises magnetic steel, a lower cathode board, an anode cylinder, an upper cathode board, a magnetic ring, a foam metal active thin board and a lead-out electrode. When the gas discharging type ion source works, the anode cylinder is externally connected with pulse power voltage, and an upper cathode and a lower cathode are connected in series and then are externally connected with the pulse power voltage. The foam metal active thin board is connected with a low-voltage power supply relative to the upper cathode; and the lead-out electrode is externally connected with the high-voltage pulse power supply relative to a grate. Deuterium molecular ions emitted from the lower cathode can be converted to be deuterium atomic ions in foam metal due to the catalytic action of the foam metal active thin board, and a ratio of a deuterium atomic ion beam to a deuterium molecular ion beam can be tested by using an cyclotronic mass spectrometer after the deuterium atomic ions are accelerated by using the lead-out electrode. With the adoption of the gas discharging type ion source provided by the invention, the hydrogen (including isotopic deuterium or tritium) atomic ion beam with a high ratio can be output from the lead-out electrode, so that if the ion source is used in the neutron pipe, the service life of the neutron pipe can be prolonged, and the neutron yield is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas discharge type ion source, particularly a kind of gas discharge type ion source that is exclusively used in transmitting mon-H (deuterium, tritium) ion beam, belongs to accelerator art field.
Background technology
Neutron tube is a kind of neutron source of safe and portable, compares with common isotope neutron source, and its power spectrum monochromaticjty is good, and without γ background and can produce pulsed neutron, the used time can not turn-off, thus protection easily, storage administration and convenient transportation.Neutron tube is all integrated in ion source, accelerator, target and pressure regulation system in a sealed tube, during work without vaccum-pumping equipment and compressed air source unit.Neutron tube can be widely used in defence engineering and work, agriculture, doctor field, particularly military project and safety inspection field.Use in the wild neutron tube time, the portability of neutron tube seems even more important, but it is all bulky much to have at present the neutron source of high yield, can only in laboratory, move.
The neutron yield of neutron tube is with wherein critical component--it is monatomic relevant with the ratio of molecular deuterium ions that deuterium ion source produces, under same accelerating voltage and beam current density, the monatomic deuterium ion ratio that ion source produces is higher, neutron yield is just larger, that is to say, the sensitivity of detection and efficiency are also higher.For example, a branch of containing 50%D
+and 50%D
2 +the neutron yield ratio 100%D that obtains with 100 KeV energy bombardments tritium targets of ion beam
+the neutron yield that bundle obtains under same bombarding conditions is low by 48%, i.e. D under this condition
2 +ion does not almost have and tritium target generation nuclear reaction.The ion source of neutron tube is substantially all based on gas discharge principle at present, and as penning source, radio-frequency ion source and microwave ion source etc., wherein penning source accounts for leading.Simple in structure, the advantage such as operating air pressure is low, electric power system is simple, reliable operation that Penning ion source has, but the monatomic ion proportion that its ionization produces is very low, to obtain high yield neutron in the case, high line Ions Bombardment target must be exported in penning source, but this cause again ion sputtering and secondary phenomenon serious, reason is by H
2 +(/D
2 +) yield of the metal surface secondary electron that causes is almost two times of secondary electron that under same energy, proton causes.Although radio-frequency ion source and microwave ion source can produce the monatomic ion of very high ratio, their power-supply system more complicated, debugging difficulty is also larger, and they are bulky, is not suitable for portable neutron tube.
The present invention is based on the advantages such as Penning ion source is simple in structure, operating air pressure is low, electric power system is simple, reliable operation, on the basis of Penning ion source, improve, object is exactly to overcome the low problem of the intrafascicular atomic ion ratio of this gas discharge type ion source emitting ions.
Summary of the invention
For solving the low problem of Penning ion source outgoing ion beam Atom ion ratio, the present invention has increased foam active metal in traditional Penning ion source.The effect of foam active metal is to make molecular ion beam under catalytic action, be cracked into atomic ion beam transmitting.A kind of gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube of the present invention, its structure as shown in Figure 1, comprise from top to bottom magnet steel, lower minus plate, anode canister, upper minus plate and magnet ring, upper minus plate and lower minus plate are positioned over outside anode canister perpendicular to anode canister axis, magnet steel and magnet ring are placed near lower minus plate and upper minus plate respectively, upper minus plate has an ion beam fairlead, the axis of ion beam fairlead, the axis of magnet ring and the axis of anode canister are on same straight line, it is characterized in that, also comprise the active thin plate of a foam metal and extraction electrode, after the active thin plate of described foam metal is isolated by an insulating material and magnet ring, be positioned on magnet ring, its surface is parallel with upper minus plate surface, described extraction electrode is placed on the active thin plate of foam metal.
Further, above-mentioned a kind of gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube, is characterized in that, the material of the active thin plate of described foam metal is Fe, Co, Ni or Ti.
Further, above-mentioned a kind of gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube, is characterized in that, described foam metal active gauge of sheet≤10 mm, average pore size>=0.2 mm, specific area>=250 m
2/ m
3.
During work, because magnet steel and magnet ring make anode canister internal magnetic field intensity reach approximately 600 Gausses, in anode canister after gas breakdown, under magnetic field and electric field action, electronics repeatedly clashes into gas molecule and makes to produce in anode canister a large amount of molecular ions in anode canister.Molecular ion beam is launched because catalytic action forms atomic ion during by active metal under bias effect.Adopt ion source of the present invention to export height ratio hydrogen (comprising its isotope deuterium or tritium) atomic ion beam from extraction electrode, it can be extended to working life, the raising neutron yield of neutron tube for neutron tube.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 gas discharge ion source cross-sectional view for neutron tube of the present invention.
Wherein, the mark implication of each accompanying drawing is:
Minus plate, 3-anode canister, the upper minus plate of 4-, 5-magnet ring, 6-insulating material, the active thin plate of 7-foam metal, 8-extraction electrode under 1-magnet steel, 2-.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment mono-:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube, comprises, magnet steel 1, lower minus plate 2, anode canister 3, upper minus plate 4, magnet ring 5, insulating material 6, the active thin plate 7 of Ni foam metal and extraction electrode 8.The active thin plate 7 of Ni foam metal, its thickness is 3 mm, average pore size=0.23 mm, specific area=5800 m
2/ m
3.Magnet steel 1 and magnet ring 5 make anode canister internal magnetic field intensity reach 600 Gausses.This ion source is placed in vacuum chamber, then in vacuum chamber, is filled with deuterium gas and reaches 10
-3-10
-2pa.During work, connect external power supply.Anode canister 3 and upper negative electrode 4, the upper and lower negative electrode series connection of lower negative electrode 2() an external pulse power voltage 1800-2300 V, supply frequency 10 kHz.After gas breakdown, due to magnetic field and electric field action, electronics repeatedly clashes into gas molecule and makes to produce in anode canister a large amount of deuterium molecule ions in anode canister.The active thin plate 7 of Ni foam metal connects the low-tension supply of-700 V left and right with respect to upper negative electrode, extraction electrode 8 is with respect to high-voltage pulse power sources more than external-10 kV of the active thin plate 7 of Ni foam metal.Catalytic action due to the active thin plate 7 of Ni foam metal can be transformed into D-atom ion from the deuterium molecule ion of lower cathode emission in foam metal, available omegatron mass spectrometer test D-atom and molecular ion beam ratio after extraction electrode 8 accelerates.Test result shows, starts after ion source, and during without the active thin plate 7 of Ni foam metal, the ratio of the atom of output and molecular ion beam is 1:8; The ratio that adds the active rear D-atom of thin plate 7 of Ni foam metal and molecular ion beam becomes 1:0.6.
Embodiment bis-:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube, comprises, magnet steel 1, lower minus plate 2, anode canister 3, upper minus plate 4, magnet ring 5, insulating material 6, the active thin plate 7 of Fe foam metal and extraction electrode 8.The active thin plate 7 of Fe foam metal, its thickness is 3 mm, average pore size=0.6 mm, specific area=1500 m
2/ m
3.Magnet steel 1 and magnet ring 5 make anode canister internal magnetic field intensity reach 600 Gausses.This ion source is placed in vacuum chamber, then in vacuum chamber, is filled with deuterium gas and reaches 10
-3-10
-2pa.During work, connect external power supply.Anode canister 3 and upper negative electrode 4, the upper and lower negative electrode series connection of lower negative electrode 2() an external pulse power voltage 1800-2300 V, supply frequency 10 kHz.After gas breakdown, due to magnetic field and electric field action, electronics repeatedly clashes into gas molecule and makes to produce in anode canister a large amount of deuterium molecule ions in anode canister.The active thin plate 7 of Fe foam metal connects the low-tension supply of-700 V left and right with respect to upper negative electrode, extraction electrode 8 is with respect to high-voltage pulse power sources more than external-10 kV of the active thin plate 7 of Fe foam metal.Catalytic action due to the active thin plate 7 of Fe foam metal can be transformed into D-atom ion from the deuterium molecule ion of lower cathode emission in foam metal, available omegatron mass spectrometer test D-atom and molecular ion beam ratio after extraction electrode 8 accelerates.Test result shows, starts after ion source, and during without the active thin plate 7 of Fe foam metal, the ratio of the atom of output and molecular ion beam is 1:8; The ratio that adds the active rear D-atom of thin plate 7 of Fe foam metal and molecular ion beam becomes 1:1.
Embodiment tri-:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube, comprises, magnet steel 1, lower minus plate 2, anode canister 3, upper minus plate 4, magnet ring 5, insulating material 6, the active thin plate 7 of Co foam metal and extraction electrode 8.The active thin plate 7 of Co foam metal, its thickness is 3 mm, average pore size=1.6 mm, specific area=250 m
2/ m
3.Magnet steel 1 and magnet ring 5 make anode canister internal magnetic field intensity reach 600 Gausses.This ion source is placed in vacuum chamber, then in vacuum chamber, is filled with deuterium gas and reaches 10
-3-10
-2pa.During work, connect external power supply.Anode canister 3 and upper negative electrode 4, the upper and lower negative electrode series connection of lower negative electrode 2() an external pulse power voltage 1800-2300 V, supply frequency 10 kHz.After gas breakdown, due to magnetic field and electric field action, electronics repeatedly clashes into gas molecule and makes to produce in anode canister a large amount of deuterium molecule ions in anode canister.The active thin plate 7 of Co foam metal connects the low-tension supply of-700 V left and right with respect to upper negative electrode, extraction electrode 8 is with respect to high-voltage pulse power sources more than external-10 kV of the active thin plate 7 of Co foam metal.Catalytic action due to the active thin plate 7 of Co foam metal can be transformed into D-atom ion from the deuterium molecule ion of lower cathode emission in foam metal, available omegatron mass spectrometer test D-atom and molecular ion beam ratio after extraction electrode 8 accelerates.Test result shows, starts after ion source, and during without the active thin plate 7 of Co foam metal, the ratio of the atom of output and molecular ion beam is 1:8; The ratio that adds the active rear D-atom of thin plate 7 of Co foam metal and molecular ion beam becomes 1:1.5.
Embodiment tetra-:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube, comprises, magnet steel 1, lower minus plate 2, anode canister 3, upper minus plate 4, magnet ring 5, insulating material 6, the active thin plate 7 of Ti foam metal and extraction electrode 8.The active thin plate 7 of Ti foam metal, its thickness is 3 mm, average pore size=0.95 mm, specific area=500 m
2/ m
3.Magnet steel 1 and magnet ring 5 make anode canister internal magnetic field intensity reach 600 Gausses.This ion source is placed in vacuum chamber, then in vacuum chamber, is filled with deuterium gas and reaches 10
-3-10
-2pa.During work, connect external power supply.Anode canister 3 and upper negative electrode 4, the upper and lower negative electrode series connection of lower negative electrode 2() an external pulse power voltage 1800-2300 V, supply frequency 10 kHz.After gas breakdown, due to magnetic field and electric field action, electronics repeatedly clashes into gas molecule and makes to produce in anode canister a large amount of deuterium molecule ions in anode canister.The active thin plate 7 of Ti foam metal connects the low-tension supply of-700 V left and right with respect to upper negative electrode, extraction electrode 8 is with respect to high-voltage pulse power sources more than external-10 kV of the active thin plate 7 of Ti foam metal.Catalytic action due to the active thin plate 7 of Ti foam metal can be transformed into D-atom ion from the deuterium molecule ion of lower cathode emission in foam metal, available omegatron mass spectrometer test D-atom and molecular ion beam ratio after extraction electrode 8 accelerates.Test result shows, starts after ion source, and during without the active thin plate 7 of Ti foam metal, the ratio of the atom of output and molecular ion beam is 1:8; The ratio that adds the active rear D-atom of thin plate 7 of Ti foam metal and molecular ion beam becomes 1:1.5.
Claims (3)
1. the gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube, comprise from top to bottom magnet steel (1), lower minus plate (2), anode canister (3), upper minus plate (4) and magnet ring (5), upper minus plate (4) and lower minus plate (2) are positioned over outside anode canister (3) perpendicular to the axis of anode canister (3), magnet steel (1) and magnet ring (5) are placed near lower minus plate (2) and upper minus plate (4) respectively, upper minus plate (4) has an ion beam fairlead, the axis of ion beam fairlead, the axis of magnet ring (5), the axis of anode canister (3) is on same straight line, it is characterized in that, also comprise the active thin plate (7) of a foam metal and extraction electrode (8), after the active thin plate of described foam metal (7) is isolated by an insulating material (6) and magnet ring (5), be positioned on magnet ring, its surface is parallel with upper minus plate (4) surface, described extraction electrode (8) is placed on the active thin plate of foam metal (7).
2. a kind of gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of the active thin plate of described foam metal (7) is Fe, Co, Ni or Ti.
3. a kind of gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube according to claim 1, is characterized in that, thickness≤10 mm, average pore size>=0.23 mm, specific area>=250 m of the active thin plate of described foam metal (7)
2/ m
3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210161961.1A CN102709140B (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2012-05-23 | Gas discharging type ion source for neutron pipe |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210161961.1A CN102709140B (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2012-05-23 | Gas discharging type ion source for neutron pipe |
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| CN102709140A CN102709140A (en) | 2012-10-03 |
| CN102709140B true CN102709140B (en) | 2014-09-17 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104966448B (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2018-04-27 | 东北师范大学 | Radio frequency neutron tube ion gun line draws tabletop experiments platform |
| CN112928001A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-08 | 中科石金(安徽)中子技术有限公司 | Miniaturized penning ion source based on magnetic anode structure |
| CN114007323A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-01 | 西京学院 | Neutron tube structure of cone-shaped penning ion source |
| RU210559U1 (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-21 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики им. Н.Л. Духова" (ФГУП "ВНИИА") | Gas-filled neutron tube |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2637726A1 (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1990-04-13 | Realisations Nucleaires Et | SEALED NEUTRON TUBE EQUIPPED WITH A MULTICELLULAR ION SOURCE WITH MAGNETIC CONTAINMENT |
| CN101728200A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2010-06-09 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Cold-cathode Penning ion source capable of extracting high beam current metal ions |
| EA028372B1 (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2017-11-30 | Блэклайт Пауэр, Инк. | Electrochemical hydrogen-catalyst power system |
| CN202721106U (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2013-02-06 | 四川大学 | Gas discharge type ion source for neutron tube |
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