CN102706498B - Disconnected electrical contact fusion welding force detection method - Google Patents
Disconnected electrical contact fusion welding force detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102706498B CN102706498B CN 201210150794 CN201210150794A CN102706498B CN 102706498 B CN102706498 B CN 102706498B CN 201210150794 CN201210150794 CN 201210150794 CN 201210150794 A CN201210150794 A CN 201210150794A CN 102706498 B CN102706498 B CN 102706498B
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Abstract
The invention provides a disconnected electrical contact fusion welding force detection device, which is used for measuring the welding force of contact points and contacts used in relays, contactors, switches, and the like. The disconnected electrical contact fusion welding force detection device comprises a welding force measuring device and a force application mechanism (a vibration exciter, a linear motor and an air cylinder), and a fixture, wherein the welding force measuring device comprises a mechanical sensor, a reed, a support base, and a shell and can be mechanically set to zero. The disconnected electrical contact welding force detection device can accomplish the measurement on the welding force (including static welding and movable welding) of the contact points and the contacts by combining a data acquisition device and a rear instrument.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallic conductor and electrically contact the field, particularly relate to and electrically contact melting welding force measurement apparatus and method.
Background technology
Between metallic conductor by machinery contact, thereby the state that electric current is passed through is called and electrically contacts.Electrically contact several forms such as being divided into sliding contact, disjunction contact, slip disjunction contact, fixing contact.Wherein disjunction contact use is the most extensive, and common switch, relay, contactor, trigger etc. all belong to this scope, and material property has determined its connecting-disconnecting function and contact reliability energy basically.In the disjunction contact, two contact point materials generally adopt elemental metals, alloy or its compound substance of silver, copper, gold, platinum etc., the task of burden connection, disconnecting circuit and load, in (be also referred to as contact, rivet, conducting strip etc., following unification is called the contact) closed and disconnected process melting welding can take place in two contacts.Melting welding is in two kinds of situation: the electric arc that produces when contact closure or closed spring makes the fusing of two contact surface parts, and the partial coagulation of closed back contact fusing welds together contact, is called as moving melting welding; After another kind of melting welding occurs in the closing of contact, the contact electric current transmitted produces high-density current through the contraction-like contact region that disperses, thereby produces a large amount of heats in tiny area, elevates the temperature, temperature rise surpasses certain value will make the final welding of these microcells together, and we are referred to as the deadmelt weldering.After melting welding takes place, if Joint Strength less than disjunction power, then the contact can also separate, and is subjected to the effect of melting welding power, disjunction action in contact has certain time-delay; Make contact can not disconnect the dead weldering of just generation if melting welding power surpasses disjunction power, cause the disjunction electric contact-system to lose efficacy, we are referred to as incomplete melting welding.Because making, melting welding needs the power that additionally applies in the breaking course, greater than setting value
The material of melting welding and contact, contact pressure, shape, surface film situation and voltage and current, circuit load situation (resistive, capacitive, perception, lamp etc.) are all relevant.In application, mainly be to form devices such as relay, contactor, vacuum switch and under certain test conditions, test by the contact being installed to parts such as reed to the judgement of melting welding at present, when taking place between the contact, melting welding effectively thinks generation melting welding during disjunction, adopt tautness meter to hang on the movable contact of device this moment, and the power value that the application of force separately records until two melting welding contacts is melting welding power.Measure melting welding power during dead weldering of the final generation of employing and can omit generation melting welding but the situation of disjunction, and this situation still can cause fault in some crucial application.In the time need influencing key element and investigate or study each of melting welding, adopt the method for tautness meter just obviously can not meet the demands.
The detection of melting welding power at present has several method, the simplest is recited abovely to utilize the extension spring taseometer that moving contact is drawn back after melting welding takes place in the contact, the taseometer maximal value is melting welding power, and the method can not detect deadmelt weldering and not exclusively melting welding, and can not do real-time detection.Also having a kind of method is by piezoelectric chip is installed in the stationary contact lower end, through the charge amplifier amplifying signal, by crest voltage holding circuit indication melting welding power size, but because the transformational relation of piezoelectric substrate is nonlinear relationship, measuring accuracy is influenced and cost is higher.In addition, by installing weight beam additional at the moving contact end, when spring is broken contact weldering bridge, dynamometer obtains the value of melting welding power, because the spring that increases easily rocks, and causes moving contact and stationary contact contraposition inaccurate, also there is nonlinear problem to a certain extent in spring.No matter take which kind of detection method all to have precision (actual response melting welding power situation), stability (being consistent), sensitivity requirements such as (can detect small melting welding power) in the melting welding testing process in several ten thousand disjunctions action, these parameters are more high more good.
Summary of the invention
Disjunction formula of the present invention electrically contacts the melting welding force test device as shown in Figure 1, mainly is made up of mounting base, pressure transducer, chip strain reed, outside support, contact anchor clamps.Chip strain reed fixation power in the vertical direction, the contact is installed in the anchor clamps, outside support can move up and down adjusting.The contact anchor clamps run through chip strain reed and link to each other with pressure transducer, and chip strain reed connecting terminal anchor clamps and outside support, outside support can move up and down the adjusting pressure transducer and export zero point; Described force application mechanism is furnished with vibrator, cylinder or linear electric machine, and at the force application apparatus end anchor clamps is arranged fixedly, and the experiment contact is fixed on the anchor clamps.
Under the situation of vertically placing, when moving contact is not closed, finely tune outside support, by the reed effect, offset the pressure that the deadweight of anchor clamps and contact produces, make that the mechanics sensor output signal is zero.Then there is mechanical balance at the disjunction clossing pressure that force application mechanism applies the zero hour and the holding power of lower contact, detects the size of holding power with the rigidly connected mechanics sensor of lower contact.Force application mechanism progressively reduces clossing pressure until being zero after disjunction begins, if there is not the existence of melting welding power, no longer changes after then holding power is reduced to zero, as shown in Figure 3.If there is melting welding power, then force application mechanism need apply a power that additionally makes progress and draw back the contact that bonds together, and power that a negative sense change can occur on the mechanics sensor this moment, drawn back up to the melting welding part, and holding power just can be got back to zero point, as shown in Figure 4.
As the force application mechanism of the melting welding force test device adapted of Fig. 3, force application mechanism can be vibrator, cylinder or linear electric machine, and fixedly there are anchor clamps its underpart, and the contact is fixed on the anchor clamps, and lead is connected on the anchor clamps, can after the energising.Force application mechanism and proving installation can on put, underlying or place with other direction.The signal wire that pressure transducer is drawn connects the rear end and amplifies instrument, and the rear end uses peak holding circuit or computer data acquiring device can obtain maximum melting welding power value.Described force application mechanism adopts vibrator, cylinder or linear electric motors to drive, and applies continuously or reduce closure to contact pressure under control, and fixedly there are anchor clamps its underpart, and the contact is fixed on the anchor clamps, and lead is connected on the anchor clamps, switch on during measurement,
The present invention proposes a kind of brand-new disjunction formula and electrically contact the melting welding force test device, possess high precision, high stability, high sensitivity characteristics, proving installation is axially being measured melting welding power, and with axially vertical X, the Y direction non-displacement, can guarantee that contact contraposition in the long period of experiments process is accurate, can not introduce experimental error; Owing to be hard the connection between contact and mechanics sensor, not because adding time lag that spring etc. causes and non-linear, real time reaction melting welding power situation and highly sensitive; Can return to zero to the output of power sensor by adjusting position, can improve the output area of rear end amplifying circuit and improve precision; The back is balance at mechanical structure because the melting welding force measuring device tilts, and does not influence the melting welding force measurement, therefore can arbitrarily angledly use.On apparatus and method of the present invention basis, by experiment conditions such as fixing contact pressure, contact shape, voltage and current, circuit loads, change material type and the pairing parameter of contact, the computer data acquiring equipment that cooperates the rear end, the value of melting welding power when at every turn being opened, as shown in Figure 5, can realize fusion welding property and trend are experimentized and analyzes, thus screening and seek the slider material that meets final service condition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 electrically contacts melting welding force test device synoptic diagram for the disjunction formula, is device for measuring force and chip strain reed example.
Fig. 2 is the application of force and measurement mechanism synoptic diagram, is the device for measuring force usage example of just putting and be inverted.
The signal schematic representation of pressure transducer output when Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are no melting welding for the signal schematic representation of pressure transducer output: Fig. 3, Fig. 4 is the signal schematic representation of pressure transducer output when melting welding takes place.
Fig. 5 is actual melting welding power detection example, for repeatedly testing back melting welding power change curve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.Should correct understanding be: the method in the embodiments of the invention is only used for illustrating the present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment one sensor adopts 500cN power sensor, adopts vibrator as drive source, 10 Ns of the maximum application of forces of vibrator, and displacement range 8mm adopts square wave to drive dutycycle 50%.The terminal stationary fixture of vibrator central shaft, the clamping contact is as moving contact.Adopt the melting welding force test device clamping stationary contact described in summary of the invention.This device reed and support external diameter are 105mm, and support height is 90mm.Melting welding force test device power sensor output signal connects peak-holding circuit and computer data acquisition system, and resetting earlier before each disjunction connects peak-holding circuit, divides the computing machine of having no progeny to read the negative peak calculated signals by data acquisition system (DAS) and obtains melting welding power.Melting welding power measurement range :+245cN is to-245cN.
The contact sample adopts AgNi10-AgNi10 to experimentize disjunction total degree 20000 times from pairing.Moving contact is planar shaped, diameter 3mm, and the thick 0.65mm of contact, foot footpath 1.5mm, foot length 0.7mm, the stationary contact specification is arc surfaced, size is the same.Experiment electric current 220V AC 10A, resistive load by the melting welding power value of computer recording closure/disjunction each time, thereby is investigated the welding tendency of this contact.
Annotate: 1 kilogram=9.8N, 1cN=1/100 N, 1 gram force=0.98 cN.
Embodiment two sensors adopt the 2000g mechanics sensor.Adopt stroke be the cylinder of 15mm as drive source, cooperate the two-position five-way valve solenoid valve, electromagnetic valve coil voltage is 12V, feeds pressurized air.The terminal fixed contact anchor clamps of cylinder, the clamping contact is as moving contact on the anchor clamps.Adopt foregoing device to clamp the contact, as stationary contact.The relative position of regulating between cylinder and melting welding force test device obtains experiment required stroke and clossing pressure.When leading to 12V voltage to solenoid valve, cylinder stretches out, and moving contact impacts stationary contact, and is closed between the contact; Solenoid valve outage exhaust hood is regained disjunction between the contact.
Experiment material sound contact is AgSnO2/Cu compound substance contact, disjunction total degree 20000 times.Moving contact is of a size of plane, diameter 4.5mm, and the thick 0.9mm of contact, foot footpath 1.5mm, foot length 1.65mm, stationary contact are arc surfaced.
Experiment condition is: 25A 220V AC resistive load, and melting welding power measurement range :+1960cN to 1960cN, by the melting welding power value of computer recording closure/disjunction each time, thereby investigate the melting welding inefficacy rule of this contact.
Claims (2)
1. a disjunction formula electrically contacts the melting welding force test method, it is characterized in that: contain following steps:
The experiment contact is fixed on and puts into the device for measuring force of being made up of mounting base, pressure transducer, chip strain reed, outside support, contact anchor clamps in the anchor clamps of contact,
The contact anchor clamps run through chip strain reed and link to each other with pressure transducer, and chip strain reed connecting terminal anchor clamps and outside support, outside support can move up and down the adjusting pressure transducer and export zero point,
Force application mechanism is furnished with vibrator, cylinder or linear electric machine, and anchor clamps are fixedly arranged in that force application mechanism is terminal, the experiment contact is fixed on the anchor clamps, switch on during measurement, the control force application mechanism forms closure, breakdown action, output signal connects the back end signal amplifying circuit, and instrument adapted peak-holding circuit obtains melting welding power value, records and read the value of melting welding power.
2. disjunction formula as claimed in claim 1 electrically contacts the melting welding force test method, it is characterized in that: described contact is installed in the anchor clamps, when moving contact is not closed, the fine setting outside support, by the reed effect, offset the pressure that anchor clamps and some deadweight produce, make that the pressure transducer output signal is zero, then there is mechanical balance at the disjunction clossing pressure that force application mechanism applies the zero hour and the holding power of lower contact, detects the size of holding power with the rigidly connected pressure transducer of lower contact;
Force application mechanism progressively reduces clossing pressure until being zero after disjunction begins, if there is not the existence of melting welding power, no longer change after then holding power is reduced to zero, if there is melting welding power, then force application mechanism need apply a power that additionally makes progress and draw back the contact that bonds together, power that a negative sense change can occur on the pressure transducer this moment, drawn back up to the melting welding part, and holding power just can be got back to zero point.
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| CN 201210150794 CN102706498B (en) | 2012-05-16 | 2012-05-16 | Disconnected electrical contact fusion welding force detection method |
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| CN103308387B (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2016-03-16 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | The deadmelt weldering force test device of electrical contact material and method of testing thereof |
| CN105158520B (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2018-05-29 | 湖南红太阳新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of test contactor |
| CN105973151A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-09-28 | 华中科技大学 | Breaking-type electric contact gap measuring device |
| CN105976688B (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2018-11-13 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of dynamic fusion welding property analogue experiment installation in the electromagnetic relay contact of adjustable parameter |
| CN106443235B (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2023-09-05 | 浙江福达合金材料科技有限公司 | Electrical contact material electrical contact performance simulation test device and test method |
| CN110274827B (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-08-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Test system and method suitable for contact fusion welding force test |
| CN115526540B (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2024-02-23 | 苏州西门子电器有限公司 | Method and device for evaluating electric life, computer readable medium and electronic equipment |
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