CN102706331A - Correction method for aerial surveying and mapping images - Google Patents
Correction method for aerial surveying and mapping images Download PDFInfo
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- CN102706331A CN102706331A CN2012102081856A CN201210208185A CN102706331A CN 102706331 A CN102706331 A CN 102706331A CN 2012102081856 A CN2012102081856 A CN 2012102081856A CN 201210208185 A CN201210208185 A CN 201210208185A CN 102706331 A CN102706331 A CN 102706331A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a correction method for aerial surveying and mapping images, which comprises the following steps: setting two reference points in a to-be-measured area, and measuring the horizontal distance between the two points; measuring idealistic distance between two final image points in a final image corresponding to a target scale according to the target scale and the obtained horizontal distance; carrying out aerial photography for to-be-measured area, butting the obtained images so as to obtain an integral original image of the to-be-measured area, and measuring the actual distance between two original image points; and calculating the ratio of the idealistic distance to the actual distance to scale the original image according to the ratio, so as to obtain the final image. Due to the adoption of the method provided by the invention, the image of the target scale can be obtained without conforming to the accurate aerial photography height, accordingly, the precision requirement for the aerial photography height is reduced, and the operation is simpler.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the survey field of taking photo by plane, especially a kind of schema mapping of taking photo by plane that is applicable to unmanned plane and the use of manned machine is as the ratio adjustment method.
Background technology
Taking photo by plane and claiming takes photo in the sky or aeroplane photography, is meant from aerial shooting earth landforms, obtains vertical view.Present stage, the technology of taking photo by plane by widespread in every field, for different fields, take desired effect and also be not quite similar.Make an inspection tour like large-scale group activity, TV, film, city security protection, require steady and audible real time video image usually, and need fix a point to take when taking, it is comparatively suitable therefore to use helicopter to take photo by plane; For earth monitor, forest fire protection, electric power line walking etc., also be the steady and audible real time video image of requirement, because the scope of patrol is bigger, therefore, use the meeting of fixed-wing unmanned plane efficient higher, when needing fixed point monitoring, general use dish patrols realizes monitoring.
For mapping, traffic survey and design, water conservation survey design, small town planning design etc.; Need obtain can be in order to make photo map, that strict engineer's scale and accuracy requirement are arranged; Still be main with unmanned plane at present; With manned machine is auxilliary, and wherein unmanned plane comprises fixed-wing unmanned plane and depopulated helicopter.The fixed-wing unmanned plane that adopt in this field has the advantages that level speed is fast, efficient is high, and fuselage is small and exquisite, simple in structure, is sent by manual remote control to fly, and the surface work station is controlled autonomous flight and taken; Helicopter can VTOL, can carry out hovering, side and fly, retreats and action such as fly, and seldom receives the restriction of place landing, also can take by safe flight around buildings; On the other hand, helicopter flight speed can be very slow, thereby guarantee higher the taking photo by plane of Duplication, and its flying height is low, is fit to take the picture of taking photo by plane of high definition, and then more can guarantee the accuracy of surveying and drawing.
Digital camera flight is installed on unmanned plane or manned machine,, obtains the roughly striograph of landforms of a zone through guaranteeing taking photo by plane and the simple software picture mosaic of Duplication, convenient and swift.Simultaneously; Can also according to obtain the engineer's scale of striograph; Preestablish the aircraft height of taking photo by plane, the taking photo by plane of striograph of for example obtaining engineer's scale and be 1:200 highly is 188 meters, perhaps obtains the striograph that engineer's scale is 1:500; Take photo by plane highly is 2000 meters (the aforementioned proportion chi is merely instance with the respective value of the height of taking photo by plane, and does not represent absolute corresponding unique value between the two).
Yet in the actual photographed process, the height that aircraft is taken photo by plane can not be positioned on the preset sea level elevation in existing technology exactly, and the engineer's scale of the striograph that the error of the height of taking photo by plane causes finally obtaining also exists certain error; On the other hand; Under situation about obtaining than small scale, the height that aircraft is taken photo by plane can be higher, and the precision that higher taking photo by plane highly then means captured image can descend to some extent; Make that concrete zone (for example buildings, road, river etc.) the edge's particle in the striograph of finally obtaining is bigger; Cause boundary smudgy,, then can't obtain the striograph of initial engineer's scale if reduce flying height in order to obtain distinct image.
Simultaneously; On unmanned plane or manned machine, laser range finder is installed simultaneously; In the process of taking photo by plane, measure unmanned plane or manned machine distance simultaneously apart from ground; In the time of on being positioned at preset benchmark sea level elevation, distance that then can be measured according to laser range finder calculates the sea level elevation on ground with taking photo by plane pin-point accuracy.For example, the aircraft benchmark sea level elevation of taking photo by plane is 2000 meters, and it is 1150 meters apart from the distance on ground that laser range finder records aircraft, and the sea level elevation that then can draw this point on the ground is 850 meters, and then in mapping, can the sea level elevation of this point be indicated.But because the height that aircraft is taken photo by plane can not remain in existing technology on the preset benchmark sea level elevation; Might be higher or lower than preset benchmark sea level elevation in certain section zone in-flight; Therefore measured EGL also exists certain error, can't obtain EGL data accurately.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention will solve provides a kind of under the situation that does not require the height of accurately taking photo by plane, and can obtain the mapping method for correcting image of taking photo by plane of the striograph of target proportion chi
For addressing the above problem, a kind of mapping method for correcting image of taking photo by plane of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) at least two reference points are set in tested zone, initiating terminal when said reference point is positioned at tested zone taken photo by plane, and said reference point can be ingested in first pictures of taking photo by plane simultaneously;
2) horizontal range between any two reference points of measurement;
3) based target engineer's scale and step 2) in horizontal range between two reference points recording; Extrapolate in the final striograph corresponding with this target proportion chi the so distance between two final imaging points, wherein final imaging point is reference point pairing image in final striograph;
4) taken photo by plane in tested zone;
5) measuring process 2) in two the raw video points of two reference points in first pictures between the right distance of reality;
6) calculation procedure 3) in the ratio of the right distance of reality between two raw video points obtaining in so distance and the step 5) between two final imaging points obtaining; And first pictures is carried out convergent-divergent, thereby obtain the target proportion striograph in the captured zone of first pictures based on this ratio;
7) with the target proportion striograph in the captured zone of first pictures that obtains in the step 6) as reference map, other pictures that obtain taking photo by plane carry out the convergent-divergent splicing, thereby obtain final striograph.
A kind of mapping method for correcting image of taking photo by plane may further comprise the steps:
1) at least two reference points is set in tested zone;
2) horizontal range between any two reference points of measurement;
3) based target engineer's scale and step 2) in horizontal range between two reference points recording; Extrapolate in the final striograph corresponding with this target proportion chi the so distance between two final imaging points, wherein final imaging point is reference point pairing image in final striograph;
4) taken photo by plane in tested zone, and the picture that obtains taking photo by plane splices, thereby obtain the raw video figure in this whole tested zone, the image of each reference point in this raw video figure is the raw video point;
5) measuring process 2) in pairing two the raw video points of two reference points between the right distance of reality;
6) calculation procedure 3) in the ratio of the right distance of reality between two raw video points obtaining in so distance and the step 5) between two final imaging points obtaining, and raw video figure is carried out convergent-divergent, thereby obtains final striograph based on this ratio.
Said reference point is a light emitting source.
Said reference point is provided with the GPS locating device, thereby can calculate the horizontal range between each reference point through each reference point latitude and longitude information of GPS locating device acquisition.
Also comprise the tested zone step that schema mapping proofreaies and correct as sea level elevation of taking photo by plane, comprising:
1) obtains the sea level elevation x of any point E that rest on the ground between adjacent two reference point C, D and C, the D through the GPS locating device of each reference point setting
1, x
2, x
3
2) gather aircraft flight to two reference point C described in the step 1), D, when E is overhead measured aircraft apart from the distance h on ground
1, h
2, h
3
3) according to two reference point C that obtain in the step 1), the sea level elevation x of D
1, x
2And step 2) measured aircraft is apart from the distance h on ground in
1, h
2, calculate aircraft and fly to said two reference points the sea level elevation y when overhead
1, y
2
4) measure between two reference point C, the D apart from s
1And reference point C to put between the E apart from s
2
5) with y
1The benchmark sea level elevation of taking photo by plane for aircraft flies to an E when overhead corrected range h apart from ground through formula calculation level aircraft
3', said formula is:
And through this corrected range h
3' calculate the correct sea level elevation of an E.
Adopt the mapping method for correcting image of taking photo by plane of the present invention; Compared with prior art have following beneficial effect: (1) is under situation about need not according to the height of accurately taking photo by plane; Can obtain the striograph of target proportion chi, reduced to aircraft take photo by plane the height accuracy requirement, make operation simpler and easy; (2) according to the ratio of the right distance of reality between the so distance between two final imaging points and two the raw video points, raw video figure is carried out convergent-divergent, thereby obtain final striograph, effectively improved the proportional precision of the mapping of taking photo by plane, reduce error; (3) because taking photo by plane of aircraft highly do not receive the restriction of target proportion chi, therefore can take tested zone, obtain the image of taking photo by plane comparatively clearly, thereby improve the precision of images of final striograph in lower low latitude; (4) schema mapping of taking photo by plane of the present invention is as the ratio adjustment method, and step is simple, is convenient to implement, and operability is stronger.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the tested area schematic in the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 2 is the raw video figure in the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 3 is the final striograph in the embodiment of the invention one.
Synoptic diagram when Fig. 4 finds range to ground for aircraft in the embodiment of the invention three.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand technical scheme of the present invention better, the present invention is done further detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Embodiment one:
A kind of schema mapping of taking photo by plane of the present invention may further comprise the steps as the ratio adjustment method:
1) two reference points are set in tested zone, this reference point can be by clearly identification in the striograph that obtains of taking photo by plane; Fig. 1 is the tested area schematic in the present embodiment, and is as shown in Figure 1, in tested zone, is respectively arranged with two identification point A and B, and said identification point is a light emitting source, thereby it can clearly be identified in the striograph of taking photo by plane;
2) the horizontal range L between said two the reference point A of measurement, the B; Said reference point is respectively arranged with the GPS locating device, thereby can pass through each reference point latitude and longitude information that the GPS locating device obtains, and calculates the horizontal range L between reference point A, the B according to each reference point latitude and longitude information;
3) according to target proportion chi and step 2) in two the reference point A, the horizontal range L between the B that record, extrapolate two final imaging point A in the final striograph corresponding with this target proportion chi
2, B
2Between so distance L
2, wherein final imaging point A
2, B
2For reference point A, B pairing image in final striograph, referring to Fig. 3;
4) taken photo by plane in tested zone, and the picture that obtains taking photo by plane splices, thereby obtain the raw video figure in this whole tested zone, referring to Fig. 2; Wherein, reference point A, the image of B in this raw video figure are raw video point A
1, B
1
5) measure said two reference point A, B pairing two raw video point A in raw video figure
1, B
1Between the right distance L of reality
1
6) calculation procedure 3) in two final imaging point A extrapolating
2, B
2Between so distance L
2With two raw video point A that obtain in the step 5)
1, B
1Between the right distance L of reality
1Ratio, and raw video figure is carried out convergent-divergent, thereby obtains final striograph according to this ratio.
For example, the target proportion chi is 1:2000, promptly tested zone is surveyed and drawn and finally obtained the final striograph that engineer's scale is 1:2000.Two reference point A, B at first are set in tested zone, and the horizontal range L that records between A, the B is 500 meters; Horizontal range L according between target proportion chi 1:2000 and two reference point A that record, the B extrapolates two final imaging point A in the final striograph corresponding with this target proportion chi
2, B
2Between so distance L
2Be 25cm; Taken photo by plane in tested zone, and the picture that obtains taking photo by plane splices, thereby obtain the raw video figure in this whole tested zone, wherein, reference point A, the image of B in this raw video figure are raw video point A
1, B
1, and record raw video point A
1, B
1Between the right distance L of reality
1Be 50cm; Calculating is distance L so
2With real right distance L
1Ratio, i.e. L
2/ L
1=1/2, and raw video figure is carried out convergent-divergent according to this ratio, be about to raw video figure and be contracted to original 1/2 times, thereby obtain final striograph.
Embodiment two:
A kind of mapping method for correcting image of taking photo by plane may further comprise the steps:
1) at least two reference points are set in tested zone, initiating terminal when said reference point is positioned at tested zone taken photo by plane, and said reference point can be ingested in first pictures of taking photo by plane simultaneously;
2) horizontal range between any two reference points of measurement;
3) based target engineer's scale and step 2) in horizontal range between two reference points recording; Extrapolate in the final striograph corresponding with this target proportion chi the so distance between two final imaging points, wherein final imaging point is reference point pairing image in final striograph;
4) taken photo by plane in tested zone;
5) measuring process 2) in two the raw video points of two reference points in first pictures between the right distance of reality;
6) calculation procedure 3) in the ratio of the right distance of reality between two raw video points obtaining in so distance and the step 5) between two final imaging points obtaining; And first pictures is carried out convergent-divergent, thereby obtain the target proportion striograph in the captured zone of first pictures based on this ratio;
7) with the target proportion striograph in the captured zone of first pictures that obtains in the step 6) as reference map, other pictures that obtain taking photo by plane carry out the convergent-divergent splicing, thereby obtain final striograph.
Said reference point is a light emitting source.
Said reference point is provided with the GPS locating device, thereby can calculate the horizontal range between each reference point through each reference point latitude and longitude information of GPS locating device acquisition.
Embodiment three:
A kind of mapping method for correcting image of taking photo by plane comprises the step described in embodiment one or the embodiment two, also comprises the tested zone step that schema mapping proofreaies and correct as sea level elevation of taking photo by plane, and comprising:
1) the GPS locating device through each reference point setting obtains two adjacent reference point C, the sea level elevation x of D
1, x
2
2) the arbitrary some E that needs the correct for altitude height of the setting that between C, D, rest on the ground, the position that flies to two reference point C, D and some E when overhead when aircraft is c, d, e, gathers the distance h of aircraft flight to the measured aircraft of c, d, e apart from ground
1, h
2, h
3, promptly the some c among Fig. 3 is respectively h to some D, some e to the distance of some E to some C, some d
1, h
2, h
3
3) according to two reference point C that obtain in the step 1), the sea level elevation x of D
1, x
2And step 2) measured aircraft is apart from the distance h on ground in
1, h
2, calculate the sea level elevation y of 2 of c, d
1, y
2
4) measure between two reference point C, the D apart from s
1And reference point C to put between the E apart from s
2
5) with y
1The benchmark sea level elevation of taking photo by plane for aircraft flies to an E when overhead corrected range h apart from ground through formula calculation level aircraft
3', said formula is:
And through this corrected range h
3' calculate the correct sea level elevation of an E.
Claims (5)
1. mapping method for correcting image of taking photo by plane may further comprise the steps:
1) at least two reference points are set in tested zone, initiating terminal when said reference point is positioned at tested zone taken photo by plane, and said reference point can be ingested in first pictures of taking photo by plane simultaneously;
2) horizontal range between any two reference points of measurement;
3) based target engineer's scale and step 2) in horizontal range between two reference points recording; Extrapolate in the final striograph corresponding with this target proportion chi the so distance between two final imaging points, wherein final imaging point is reference point pairing image in final striograph;
4) taken photo by plane in tested zone;
5) measuring process 2) in two the raw video points of two reference points in first pictures between the right distance of reality;
6) calculation procedure 3) in the ratio of the right distance of reality between two raw video points obtaining in so distance and the step 5) between two final imaging points obtaining; And first pictures is carried out convergent-divergent, thereby obtain the target proportion striograph in the captured zone of first pictures based on this ratio;
7) with the target proportion striograph in the captured zone of first pictures that obtains in the step 6) as reference map, other pictures that obtain taking photo by plane carry out the convergent-divergent splicing, thereby obtain final striograph.
2. mapping method for correcting image of taking photo by plane may further comprise the steps:
1) at least two reference points is set in tested zone;
2) horizontal range between any two reference points of measurement;
3) based target engineer's scale and step 2) in horizontal range between two reference points recording; Extrapolate in the final striograph corresponding with this target proportion chi the so distance between two final imaging points, wherein final imaging point is reference point pairing image in final striograph;
4) taken photo by plane in tested zone, and the picture that obtains taking photo by plane splices, thereby obtain the raw video figure in this whole tested zone, the image of each reference point in this raw video figure is the raw video point;
5) measuring process 2) in pairing two the raw video points of two reference points between the right distance of reality;
6) calculation procedure 3) in the ratio of the right distance of reality between two raw video points obtaining in so distance and the step 5) between two final imaging points obtaining, and raw video figure is carried out convergent-divergent, thereby obtains final striograph based on this ratio.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 the mapping method for correcting image of taking photo by plane, it is characterized in that: said reference point is a light emitting source.
4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 the mapping method for correcting image of taking photo by plane, it is characterized in that: said reference point is provided with the GPS locating device, thus each reference point latitude and longitude information that can obtain through the GPS locating device calculated the horizontal range between each reference point.
5. the mapping method for correcting image of taking photo by plane as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: also comprise the tested zone step that schema mapping proofreaies and correct as sea level elevation of taking photo by plane, comprising:
1) obtains the sea level elevation x of any point E that rest on the ground between adjacent two reference point C, D and C, the D through the GPS locating device of each reference point setting
1, x
2, x
3
2) gather aircraft flight to two reference point C described in the step 1), D, when E is overhead measured aircraft apart from the distance h on ground
1, h
2, h
3
3) according to two reference point C that obtain in the step 1), the sea level elevation x of D
1, x
2And step 2) measured aircraft is apart from the distance h on ground in
1, h
2, calculate aircraft and fly to said two reference points the sea level elevation y when overhead
1, y
2
4) measure between two reference point C, the D apart from s
1And reference point C to put between the E apart from s
2
5) with y1 be the benchmark sea level elevation that aircraft is taken photo by plane, fly to some E when overhead corrected range h apart from ground through formula calculation level aircraft
3', said formula is:
And through this corrected range h
3' calculate the correct sea level elevation of an E.
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| CN103745450A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-23 | 华中科技大学 | Method for carrying out aero-optic effect calibration on airport airplane target image |
| CN104061906A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-24 | 江苏恒创软件有限公司 | Aerial photographing plotting device and image calibration method based on unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN107478200A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-12-15 | 合肥图森工业设计有限公司 | A kind of landscape design telemetry system and distance-finding method |
| CN108022217A (en) * | 2017-11-26 | 2018-05-11 | 合肥赛为智能有限公司 | A kind of aerial photographing deformation method of adjustment |
| CN110361749A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-22 | 武昌理工学院 | One kind being based on laser ranging map making method |
| CN112179294A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-05 | 杭州星网测绘技术有限公司 | Land proofreading method, device and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103745450A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-23 | 华中科技大学 | Method for carrying out aero-optic effect calibration on airport airplane target image |
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| CN107478200A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-12-15 | 合肥图森工业设计有限公司 | A kind of landscape design telemetry system and distance-finding method |
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| CN112179294A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-05 | 杭州星网测绘技术有限公司 | Land proofreading method, device and system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102706331B (en) | 2014-01-01 |
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Effective date of registration: 20220316 Address after: 300000 6-902, No.60, 1st Street, Binhai New Area Development Zone, Tianjin Patentee after: TIANJIN JIANYAN ROCK AND SOIL ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Address before: 300000 Tianjin Jinnan District Jinnan Economic Development Zone (West District) Hongkong block 3, block B 206-4. Patentee before: TIANJIN DIVINE WING AIRCRAFT TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |