CN102705366A - Bearing for air refrigerating machine driven by high-speed motor and the air refrigerating machine - Google Patents
Bearing for air refrigerating machine driven by high-speed motor and the air refrigerating machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102705366A CN102705366A CN2011100747694A CN201110074769A CN102705366A CN 102705366 A CN102705366 A CN 102705366A CN 2011100747694 A CN2011100747694 A CN 2011100747694A CN 201110074769 A CN201110074769 A CN 201110074769A CN 102705366 A CN102705366 A CN 102705366A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bearing for an air refrigerating machine driven by a high-speed motor, comprising two elastic support permanent-magnet and air dynamic pressure mixing radial bearings, a permanent magnet and air hydrostatic mixing thrust bearing set, and two self-adaptive refrigerating machine attitude change permanent magnet radial unloading follow-up auxiliary bearings, wherein two radial bearings are disposed on a rotor shaft between the center position of a left bearing pedestal and a right bearing pedestal of a motor housing and the housing, the thrust bearing set and one follow-up auxiliary bearing are both disposed on the rotor shaft between the center position of a turbine heat-insulation cover and the housing, the heat-insulation cover is connected with a left bearing pedestal, another follow-up auxiliary bearing is disposed on the rotor shaft between the center position of the right bearing pedestal outside and the housing, and the right bearing pedestal is connected with a gas compressor. The high-speed motor-driven air refrigerating machine-used bearing integrates the respective advantages of the permanent magnets and gas-lubricated bearings in one bearing, helps to overcome the problem of bearing solid friction at starting and stopping stages of a high-speed motor, is long in service life, and is high in reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bearing that is used for the rotating machinery of high-speed motor driving; Being particularly related to and being used to be installed in transport facility---the bearing by the electric motor driven cold air machine of high-capacity and high-speed, air compressor etc. on the vehicle etc., its rotor is for example to be not less than the high speed rotating of the tens thousand of commentaries on classics of per minute.
Background technique
One of technical problem underlying of designs such as high-power, high-revolving high-speed motor (20kw is more than the 50000/min) driven air refrigerator, air compressor is exactly a design bearing.At present; To this high-power, high-revolving motor bearings design generally all considers to adopt electromagnetic bearing to decide active magnetic bearing supporting means that supporting and rolling bearing protect; But the automatically controlled and manufacturing of this magnetic bearing is complicated; Cost an arm and a leg, reliability is lower, and influenced by rolling bearing, at present can't commercialization; The frictional loss of liquid sliding bearing during because of the motor high speed rotating can't be used very greatly basically; Air hydrodynamic bearing is little because of bearing capacity, the gap solid friction very little, the motor start-stop stage between the bearing pair is inevitable; Therefore reliability and working life are lower; In addition if be applied on the vehicle of the traffic tool; Problems such as vibration, dust are serious, and this so far bearing is not also seen the entering engineering practicability stage at home.At present, this bearing is only used on the ground small gas turbogenerator of the turborefrigerator of trunkliner and four generations opportunity of combat such as F35, S37 and external minority developed country; The compressed air source unit that aerostatic bearing produces elevated pressures because of needs one cover is applied in it and receives very big restriction on transport facility; Adopt composite ceramics ball angular contact ball bearing as this high-power, high-revolving motor bearings, because of working life very short, at present domesticly also do not see relevant report.
The invention provides a kind of permanent magnetism and gas lubrication combined bearing and permanent magnetic radial off-load servo-actuated auxiliary bearing that is installed on the transport facility that be applicable to, crucial effects has been played in reliability, frictional loss, small volume and the lightweight of system by application such as high-speed motor driven air refrigerator, air compressors.
Summary of the invention
The technological scheme that invention is adopted is; Though the rotating speed when considering the running of high-speed motor driven air refrigerator is very high; But load is less and relatively evenly, and the running accuracy of rotor axial system is required is not very high, therefore; Seeking to design a kind of is not very high and good reliability, long service life, bearing friction loss is little, volume is little supporting system to the motor rotation required precision, and this project---permanent magnetism and gas lubrication combined bearing propose thus; On the other hand; Because rotor weight high-power, pot-motor driven air refrigerator is heavier; And consider when being installed on the vehicle because the vehicle attitude in going is to change constantly; Therefore this underloading, at a high speed electric rotary machine during with the gas lubrication combined bearing, are utilized the downward principle of the gravity of object in gravity field at design permanent magnetism, also adopted the permanent magnetic radial off-load servo-actuated auxiliary bearing of permanent magnet suspension unloading rotor weight and the variation of adaptive vehicle attitude.This also is one of main technical schemes of taking of the present invention.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows; Because the permanent magnetic radial off-load servo-actuated auxiliary bearing that high-speed motor driven air refrigerator has adopted permanent magnetism and gas lubrication combined bearing and ability adaptive vehicle attitude to change; Motor rotation when 20kw/50000r/min is above, system's stable and reliable operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the plan view that a kind of conduct comprises the high-speed motor driven air refrigerator embodiment of bearing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the embodiment's of permanent magnetism of the present invention and gas lubrication combined bearing, permanent magnetic radial off-load servo-actuated auxiliary bearing a view.
Fig. 3 is permanent magnetism and the view of air hydrodynamic hybrid radial bearing among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is that the permanent magnetism among Fig. 2 mixes the view of thrust bearings with the air active and static pressure.
Fig. 5 is the view of the permanent magnetic radial off-load servo-actuated auxiliary bearing among Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific embodiment of the present invention is described.Fig. 1 is expressed as a kind of plan view of high-speed motor driven air refrigerator 1, and this refrigerator 1 is directly driven by a motor 5 that comprises that two flexibly mounted permanent magnetism of the present invention and air hydrodynamic hybrid radial bearing 12a and 12b, permanent magnetism mix thrust bearings 14 and two permanent magnetic radial off-load servo-actuated auxiliary bearing 11a and 11b supporting with the air active and static pressure.Cold air machine 1 comprises a motor 5 in the middle.Motor 5 comprises rotor 6 and stator 4.
Among Fig. 1, two radial bearing 12a and 12b are installed in respectively on the central position and the rotor shaft 7 between the housing 13 of left shaft holder 2 and right bearing seat 8 of housing 13, and left shaft holder 2 connects with turbo machine 17, and right bearing seat 8 connects with gas compressor 9; The servo-actuated auxiliary bearing 11b of thrust bearings 14 and left end together is installed on the central position and the rotor shaft 7 between the housing 13 of insulation cover 15 of turbo machine 17, and insulation cover 15 connects with left shaft holder 2; The servo-actuated auxiliary bearing 11a of right-hand member is installed on the central position and the rotor shaft 7 between the housing 13 in right bearing seat 8 outsides, places between right bearing seat 8 and the gas compressor 9.Have the stator overcoat 3 of radiating fin and the cooling jacket of housing 13 composition stators 4.Refrigeration impeller 16 is fixed on two shaft ends of rotor shaft 7 with compression impellor 10.Raise and pressurized gas that suction pressure raises gets into and forms static pressure thrust the thrust bearings 14 with motor 5 rotating speeds from what turbo machine 17 suction ports were drawn, get into motor 5 inner and two radial bearing 12a and the 12b from turbo machine 17 relief opening extension cold air and cool off.
Fig. 2 is expressed as radial bearing 12a and 12b, thrust bearings 14 and the servo-actuated auxiliary bearing 11a and the 11b of above-mentioned cold air machine 1.
Among Fig. 3; Change cover 19 adopts the alloy material of high specific strengths, and like titanium alloy TC 4 etc., 8~10 fan-shaped conduits equably distribute on the circumference; Leave certain width between each fan-shaped conduit; Magnetic patch 20 embeds in the fan-shaped conduit after smearing binder in the neodymium iron boron of boundary dimension is identical with fan-shaped conduit, diametrical magnetization, and change is overlapped 19 two ends and adopted alloy ring plate 21 soldering and sealing of high specific strength firm, constitutes the change 18 of radial bearing 12a and 12b.
Surely encircling 22 is combined by four layer materials: outer shroud 23 adopts spring steel, arranges 5 U-groove bevels by six five equilibriums on the excircle, opens groove for one, the outer shroud 23 that formation can appropriate resiliently deformable; The internal surface of outer shroud 23 is lined with one deck fluorine rubber 24 as yielding support; Both combine together; Fluorine rubber 24 hardness are about half of air lubricating film rigidity; Be evenly equipped with on the inner chamber circumference 6~8 by cantilever style radially bearing foil design in order to embed the conduit of fan-shaped outer magnetic patch 25, leave certain width between every conduit, formation cooling airway 27; Be embedded with the fan-shaped outer magnetic patch 25 of smearing binder, diametrical magnetization and adopting neodymium iron boron to process on the flexibly mounted inner chamber conduit; Interior magnetic patch 20 in the direction of magnetization and the change 18 is opposite; And on the inner circumferential surface of every magnetic patch, paste nonmagnetic, the high elasticity of one deck 0.1mm left and right thickness, wear-resisting flat paper tinsel alloy 26, like 3J21 etc.Change 18 because of the mutual repulsive force between inside and outside magnetic patch, constitutes flexibly mounted permanent magnetism and air hydrodynamic hybrid radial bearing 12a and 12b after placing and deciding in the ring 22.
In addition; Because outer shroud 23 can appropriate resiliently deformable; Therefore can through shrink outer shroud 23 regulate because of the stiffness variation of fluorine rubber 24 or the inside and outside magnetic patch intensity that magnetizes irregular, and the magnetic decline that causes after long-time use the and the radial bearing 12a and the 12b radial clearance quantitative changeization that cause.
Among Fig. 4; The deciding of a pair of axial magnetized insert and put in the middle of magnet ring 28a and the 28b axial magnetized, with decide the isodiametric commentaries on classics magnetic ring component 33 of magnet ring; Be positioned on the same axis; Have air gap each other and be positioned to 33 pairs of magnetic ring component of commentaries on classics and decide magnet ring 28a and 28b formation repulsive force, constitute thrust magnetic bearing 32.
Among Fig. 4, change magnetic ring component 33 and comprise the pivoted housing 29 that adopts a high specific strength alloy to process, neodymium iron boron bar magnet 30 and two ring cowlings 31 that the high specific strength alloy is processed of several axial magnetizeds.Be distributed with 15 circular holes on the circumference of pivoted housing 29 equably, neodymium iron boron bar magnet 30 is identical according to magnetic line of force direction, embed respectively in the circumferential apertures on the pivoted housing 29 after smearing binder, two ends are firm with ring cowling 31 soldering and sealing, and constituting changes magnetic ring component 33.
Among Fig. 4; The air hydrodynamic thrust-bearing 36 that is repeatedly formed mutually by two chevron shaped spiral chute plane rotary discs 34 and three fixed trays 35 is installed near the central position, right side of deciding magnet ring 28b; Have on the fixed tray 35 end face circumference of air hydrodynamic thrust-bearing 36 and be communicated with several extraneous apertures 37; On the plane endless belt at chevron shaped spiral chute plane rotary disc 34 middle parts; Raise and the pressurized gas of suction pressure rising with motor speed by what the turbo machine suction port was introduced, make a part of static pressure thrust of air hydrodynamic thrust-bearing 36 additional generations, form the acting in conjunction of air active and static pressure through the aperture 37 on the fixed tray 35 end face circumference.
Thrust magnetic bearing 32 makes and does not produce contact friction between the several piece planar disk of air hydrodynamic thrust-bearing 36 and bear axial force jointly, and both constitute permanent magnetism and mix thrust bearings 14 with the air active and static pressure.
Among Fig. 5; One commentaries on classics magnetic ring component 33 is settled in the central position of a servo-actuated magnetic ring component 38, and both all adopt axial magnetized, are in the same radial plane; Have bigger radial clearance each other and, form radially repulsive force to each other by the identical direction layout of the magnetic line of force.
Servo-actuated magnetic ring component 38 is included in rolling bearing 41 holes magnetic shoe 43 of several piece neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnetic tile 43 being pasted 1/4 weight by the top; The magnetic shoe 43 of 3/4 weight is pasted in the bottom and the mode that is symmetrically arranged is installed; Periphery embeds with non magnetic lightweight sector unit 42 to be pasted firmly; Magnetic shoe 43 parts of pasting bottom making, constitute servo-actuated magnetic ring component 38 all the time down in gravity field.
The structural type of the commentaries on classics magnetic ring component 33 among Fig. 5 and Fig. 4 is duplicate.
38, one of servo-actuated magnetic ring component among Fig. 5 are placed on fixed cover 39 central positions in right bearing seat 8 outsides among Fig. 1; Another is placed on collet 15 central positions, and is radially adjustable by three expansion screws 40 supporting, two permanent magnetic radial off-load servo-actuated auxiliary bearing 11a and 11b about formation.
By among the represented servo-actuated auxiliary bearing 11b of Fig. 1 with thrust bearings 14 in commentaries on classics magnetic ring component 33 both are shared.
By Fig. 1 represented two servo-actuated auxiliary bearing 11a and 11b, utilize the weight and the adaptive vehicle attitude of permanent magnet suspension unloading rotor axis of electric system to change.
Because adopt permanent magnetism and gas lubrication combined bearing and permanent magnetic radial off-load servo-actuated auxiliary bearing 11a and 11b among Fig. 2, by the represented cold air machine 1 of Fig. 1, effect is significant during high speed operation.
Claims (5)
1. a high-speed motor driven air refrigerator is used bearing; It is characterized in that: it comprises that two flexibly mounted permanent magnetism and air hydrodynamic hybrid radial bearing (12a, 12b), permanent magnetism mix the permanent magnetic radial off-load servo-actuated auxiliary bearing (11a, 11b) that thrust bearings (14) and two permanent magnet suspension unloading rotor weights and self adaption air refrigerator attitude change with the air active and static pressure; Wherein, two radial bearings (12,12b) are installed on the central position and the rotor shaft (7) between the housing (13) of right ends bearing support (2,8) of housing (13); A thrust bearings (14) and a servo-actuated auxiliary bearing (11b) together are installed on the central position and the rotor shaft (7) between the housing (13) of insulation cover (15) of turbo machine (17), and insulation cover (15) connects with left shaft holder (2); Another servo-actuated auxiliary bearing (11a) is installed on the central position and the rotor shaft (7) between the housing (13) in right bearing seat (8) outside, places between right bearing seat (8) and the gas compressor (9).
2. flexibly mounted permanent magnetism according to claim 1 and air hydrodynamic hybrid radial bearing (12a, 12b) is characterized in that:
Change cover (19) adopts the alloy material of high specific strength; 8~10 fan-shaped conduits equably distribute on the circumference; Leave certain width between each fan-shaped conduit; Magnetic patch (20) embeds in the fan-shaped conduit after smearing binder in the neodymium iron boron of boundary dimension is identical with fan-shaped conduit, diametrical magnetization, and change cover (19) two ends are firm with alloy ring plate (21) soldering and sealing of high specific strength, the change (18) of formation radial bearing (12a, 12b);
Fixed ring (22) is combined by four layer materials: outer shroud (23) adopts spring steel, arranges 5 U-groove bevels by six five equilibriums on the excircle, opens groove for one, the outer shroud (23) that formation can appropriate resiliently deformable; The internal surface of outer shroud (23) is lined with one deck fluorine rubber (24) as yielding support; Both combine together; Fluorine rubber (24) hardness is about half of air lubricating film rigidity; Be evenly equipped with on the inner chamber circumference 6~8 by cantilever style radially bearing foil design in order to embed the conduit of fan-shaped outer magnetic patch (25), leave certain width between every conduit; Be embedded with the fan-shaped outer magnetic patch of the neodymium iron boron of smearing binder, diametrical magnetization (25) on the flexibly mounted inner chamber conduit; Interior magnetic patch (20) in the direction of magnetization and the change (18) is opposite, and nonmagnetic, the high elasticity that stickup one deck is very thin on the inner circumferential surface of magnetic patch (25) every outside, wear-resisting flat paper tinsel alloy (26);
Change (18) because of the mutual repulsive force between inside and outside magnetic patch, constitutes flexibly mounted permanent magnetism and air hydrodynamic hybrid radial bearing (12a, 12b) after placing and deciding in the ring (22).
3. permanent magnetism according to claim 1 mixes thrust bearings (14) with the air active and static pressure, it is characterized in that:
The deciding of a pair of axial magnetized insert and put in the middle of the magnet ring (28a, 28b) axial magnetized, with decide magnet ring (28a, 28b) isodiametric commentaries on classics magnetic ring component (33); Be positioned on the same axis; Having air gap each other and being positioned to changes magnetic ring component (33) to deciding magnet ring (28a, 28b) formation repulsive force, constitutes thrust magnetic bearing (32);
Change magnetic ring component (33) and comprise the alloy pivoted housing (29) of a high specific strength, the neodymium iron boron bar magnet (30) of several axial magnetizeds and the alloy ring cowling (31) of two high specific strengths; Be distributed with several circular holes equably on the circumference of pivoted housing (29); Neodymium iron boron bar magnet (30) is identical according to magnetic line of force direction, embed respectively in the circumferential apertures on the pivoted housing (29) after smearing binder, two ends are firm with ring cowling (31) soldering and sealing;
Decide the central position, right side of magnet ring (28b) the air hydrodynamic thrust-bearing (36) that is repeatedly formed mutually by chevron shaped spiral chute plane rotary disc of several piece (34) and fixed tray (35) is installed; Have on fixed tray (35) the end face circumference of air hydrodynamic thrust-bearing (36) and be communicated with extraneous several apertures (37); On the plane endless belt at chevron shaped spiral chute plane rotary disc (34) middle part; Raise and the pressurized gas of suction pressure rising with motor speed by what the turbo machine suction port was introduced; Make a part of static pressure thrust of the additional generation of air hydrodynamic thrust-bearing (36) through the aperture (37) on fixed tray (35) the end face circumference, form the acting in conjunction of air active and static pressure;
Thrust magnetic bearing (32) makes and does not produce contact friction between the several piece planar disk of air hydrodynamic thrust-bearing (36) and bear axial force jointly, and both constitute permanent magnetism and mix thrust bearings (14) with the air active and static pressure.
4. permanent magnetic radial off-load servo-actuated auxiliary bearing according to claim 1 (11a, 11b) is characterized in that:
A described commentaries on classics magnetic ring component of claim 3 (33) is settled in the central position of a servo-actuated magnetic ring component (38); Both all adopt axial magnetized; Be in the same radial plane, have bigger radial clearance each other and, form radially repulsive force to each other by the identical direction layout of the magnetic line of force;
Servo-actuated magnetic ring component (38) is included in a rolling bearing (41) hole magnetic shoe (43) of several piece neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnetic tile (43) being pasted 1/4 weight by the top; The magnetic shoe (43) of 3/4 weight is pasted in the bottom and the mode that is symmetrically arranged is installed; Periphery embeds with non magnetic lightweight sector unit (42) to be pasted firmly; Magnetic shoe (43) part of pasting bottom making, constitutes servo-actuated magnetic ring component (38) all the time down in gravity field;
Servo-actuated magnetic ring component (38) is installed on three expansion screws (40) that are uniformly distributed with on fixed cover (39) circumference, and is radially adjustable, constitutes permanent magnetic radial off-load servo-actuated auxiliary bearing (11a, 11b);
In the servo-actuated auxiliary bearing (11b) with thrust bearings (14) in commentaries on classics magnetic ring component (33) shared.
5. a high-speed motor driven air refrigerator (1) comprises a described bearing of claim 1.
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CN2011100747694A CN102705366A (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2011-03-28 | Bearing for air refrigerating machine driven by high-speed motor and the air refrigerating machine |
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CN2011100747694A CN102705366A (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2011-03-28 | Bearing for air refrigerating machine driven by high-speed motor and the air refrigerating machine |
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CN103196253A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-07-10 | 哈尔滨耦合动力工程技术中心有限公司 | Coupled variable-frequency type air turbine refrigerating system and combined supplying method |
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CN106438676A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-02-22 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | Flexible dynamic-pressure gas thrust bearing and assembling method thereof |
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CN104895827A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-09 | 湖南大学 | Air compressor with ultrasonic bearings |
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CN107165937A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-09-15 | 燕山大学 | A kind of journal bearing of the dual supporting of electromagnetism static pressure |
CN107165937B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-12-07 | 燕山大学 | A kind of transverse bearing of the dual bearing of electromagnetism-static pressure |
CN108869542B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2023-12-05 | 靳普 | Thrust bearing, rotor system and control method of thrust bearing |
CN108869542A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-11-23 | 至玥腾风科技投资集团有限公司 | A kind of control method of thrust bearing, rotor-support-foundation system and thrust bearing |
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Application publication date: 20121003 |