CN102705105A - Multi-ring connected Stirling reversible heat engine - Google Patents
Multi-ring connected Stirling reversible heat engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102705105A CN102705105A CN2012101740979A CN201210174097A CN102705105A CN 102705105 A CN102705105 A CN 102705105A CN 2012101740979 A CN2012101740979 A CN 2012101740979A CN 201210174097 A CN201210174097 A CN 201210174097A CN 102705105 A CN102705105 A CN 102705105A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-ring connected Stirling reversible heat engine. Cylinders at the heat inflow end of the engine are communicated with cylinders at the heat outflow end of the engine, which correspond to piston groups arranged at intervals through heaters, heat exchange regenerators and radiators to form working cavities; the working cavities and the piston groups are connected alternately to form a plurality of closed connecting rings; the connecting directions of all the closed connecting rings are consistent; two working cavities with the phase difference pi are respectively communicated with two heat exchange channels of the same heat exchange regenerator; the whole engine is provided with at least two closed connecting rings; and each closed connecting ring is formed by connecting at least three piston groups and at least three working cavities alternately. By combining the heat exchange regenerators with the high-efficiency radiators, the output power of a single working cavity is increased; the inherent advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, low noise and the like of the Stirling heat engine are fully exerted; and manufacturing cost and using cost are lower than those of an internal combustion engine, a steam turbine and a gas turbine.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to the hot machine of a kind of Stirling, be specially many ring connected type Stirling reversible heat engines.
Background technique
Nineteen ninety-five, the international Stirling engine meeting prophesy of holding in the Tokyo: 21 century will be the century of Stirling engine! The whole world has started the upsurge of the hot machine of research Stirling, and the hot machine technology of Stirling is in the eve of important breakthrough.
In June, 2011, Stirling reversible heat engine obtains Chinese invention patent power, indicates a kind of appearance of the hot machine of Stirling of new structure.But, also have a lot of technical problems also to need to solve.
Each constant volume process of four active chamber Stirling reversible heat engines all accounts for the pi/2 phase angle with each thermostatic process.This coincidence is given feeling of people: four active chamber Stirling reversible heat engines are exactly the optimal case of Stirling reversible heat engine.Actually this is not so! The active chamber number is told us to the rule of Stirling reversible heat engine performance impact: three active chamber Stirling reversible heat engines have maximum working chamber volume excursion, can produce maximum pressure surge, and output work is big; Six active chamber Stirling reversible heat engines adopt dicyclo Placement structure the most reasonable.
The heat of Stirling reversible heat engine flows into end cylinder heater via, regenerator, heat outflow end cylinder connection formation active chamber that radiator is corresponding with the adjacent pistons group.The all working chamber is alternate with all piston set to link to each other, and forms a closed loop, constitutes monocycle and connects.Realize the Stirling circulation, the active chamber minimum number is three.Along with active chamber quantity increases, the shared phase angle of constant volume process increases the corresponding minimizing of the shared phase angle of thermostatic process; Simultaneously, pressure surge diminishes, and single active chamber output work reduces.It is individual no matter how many active chambers is, a constant volume process and the shared phase angle sum of thermostatic process all are π.A shared phase angle of constant volume process like three active chamber Stirling reversible heat engines is that π/3, the one shared phase angle of a thermostatic process is 2 π/3; And a shared phase angle of constant volume process of six active chamber Stirling reversible heat engines is that 2 π/3, the one shared phase angle of a thermostatic process is π/3.
Therefore, need only active chamber more than six, Stirling reversible heat engine adopts the dicyclo connection to have more performance than the monocycle connection.So-called dicyclo connects; Be exactly that heat flows into end cylinder heater via, regenerator, heat outflow end cylinder connection formation active chamber that radiator is corresponding with alternate piston set; Alternate active chamber is alternate with alternate piston set to link to each other, and forms two closed loops, constitutes dicyclo and connects.The active chamber and the shared hot machine rotors of piston set that connect of two groups of monocycles just.
Stirling reversible heat engine with three active chambers is made starting point with thermostatic expansion process starting point, rotates a circle, and an active chamber is accomplished a Stirling circuit output work W and is:
In the formula (1): n is a working medium amount in the active chamber, and R is an ideal gas constant, T
1Be heat outflow end temperature, T
2For heat flows into end temperature, T
0Be through-flow volume mean temperature, L is a length of stroke, A
1Be heat outflow end cylinder sectional area, A
2For heat flows into end cylinder sectional area, V
0Be through-flow volume.α is for making the corner of starting point with the thermostatic expansion process.
Stirling reversible heat engine with six active chambers is made starting point with thermostatic expansion process starting point, rotates a circle, and an active chamber is accomplished a Stirling circuit output work W and is:
Formula (1), formula (2) show: be six active chambers equally, it is a lot of greatly that dicyclo connects the output power that connects than monocycle.Its reason is that the working chamber volume that dicyclo connects changes greatly, and pressure surge is also big thereupon.
The new technology that nearest this field occurs is that the improvement of this agent structure provides high performance unit!
Chinese patent 201210000717.7 is that the new thinking of two active chamber countercurrent flows of π has solved the backheat problem with the phase difference; Chinese patent 201210000690.1 utilizes two technology of cylinder liner heat exchange and increase heat dispersing surface to combine, and reaches high efficiency and heat radiation; Chinese patent 201110077563.7 has solved the fixing and piston set design problem of hot machine rotor; Chinese patent 201110035499.6 provides a cover to regulate the control system of operating mode through working medium.
Stirling reversible heat engine volume after agent structure is improved is littler, and single-machine capacity is bigger.In traditional field such as automobile, ships, thermal power generation, the ability that replaces internal-combustion engine and steam turbine is arranged; At emerging fields such as solar energy thermal-power-generating, biomass utilizations, the potentiality that obtain extensive use are arranged; In fields such as high-power refrigeration, deep refrigeratings, also have a clear superiority in than existing technology.Can predict: belong to the perfect combination of Stirling reversible heat engine and ultracapacitor the future of automotive industry, the epoch that solar energy thermal-power-generating is made basic energy resource arrive at last!
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is many rings linkage structure,, provide that a kind of volume is little, power is big, cost is low, can be widely used in the Stirling reversible heat engine of motor and refrigerator in conjunction with up-to-date regenerator technology and heat sink technology with Stirling reversible heat engine.
To achieve these goals, scheme of the present invention is: its structure comprises body, rotor, two Rotor carriages, organizes piston set more, a plurality of heat-exchanger type regenerator, heat flow into end, heat outflow end, motor and control system.The rotor of said body central authorities is fixed by two Rotor carriages, and the rotor shaft center line overlaps with the body center line, organizes the distribution that is centrosymmetric of the relative body center of piston set line more; And be stuck on the rotor; Piston set one end piston inserts heat and flows into the end cylinder, and the other end piston inserts heat outflow end cylinder, and heat flows into end cylinder heater via, heat-exchanger type regenerator, radiator; The heat outflow end cylinder corresponding with the piston set of interval array piston set is communicated with, and forms active chamber.Active chamber is alternate with piston set to link to each other, and forms a plurality of sealing connecting rings.The connecting direction of all sealing connecting rings is consistent, and phase difference is that two active chambers of π are communicated with two heat exchanger channels of same heat-exchanger type regenerator respectively.The coupling that connects hot machine rotor and rotor places the heat outflow end.Control system is communicated with active chamber on heat-exchanger type regenerator and heat outflow end cylinder connecting tube.Heat flows into the heat storage medium inflow entrance of the end face central authorities of end, and heater via is communicated with heat and flows into the heat storage medium outflow opening on the end side surface.The ring-type cylinder heat exchange cover that contains cylinder and connecting tube thereof is arranged on the heat outflow end heat exchanger inwall; On the heat outflow end heat exchanger outer wall radiating fin is arranged; One end of connecting tube gets into cylinder heat exchange cover and is communicated with cylinder, and the other end of connecting tube is communicated with heat-exchanger type regenerator.Near two end plates one connecting tube is arranged respectively on the heat exchanger outer cover of heat outflow end.Motor is fixed on heat outflow end heat exchanger end.
The sealing connecting ring of said many ring connected type Stirling reversible heat engines has three groups of piston set and three alternate linking to each other of active chamber at least.
The heat of the same active chamber of said many ring connected type Stirling reversible heat engines flows into the end cylinder and is connected with heat outflow end cylinder at interval that zero group piston set is that a ring connects, and one group of piston set is that two rings connect at interval, and two groups of piston set are three to encircle connection at interval, by that analogy.The sealing connecting ring has two at least.
Said many ring connected type Stirling reversible heat engine sealing connecting ring connecting direction has only two, determines hot machine rotor sense of rotation, and all sealing connecting rings must connect in the same way.
Said heat flows into the heat storage medium inflow entrance of end end face central authorities, and the heat storage medium outflow opening that is communicated with on heater heat transfer space and the heat inflow end side surface communicates, and forms heat tunnel.Heat flows on the end side surface and near body circular heat exchanger and heat-exchanger type regenerator connecting tube through port is set.Filled insulation is full of space in the shell beyond the passage.
Said heat outflow end cylinder and connecting tube thereof are contained by cylinder heat exchange cover, and the coupling that connects hot machine rotor and rotor places radiator central authorities.
Said cylinder heat exchange cover is on the heat exchanger inwall, contains the annular sealed space of cylinder and connecting tube thereof or several confined spaces of arranging in the form of a ring.
Said radiator is a heat outflow end heat exchanger, and cylinder heat exchange cover on the inwall and the radiating fin on the outer wall, and the sink of the formation of the connecting tube in the annular heat transfer space in the two end plates, between heat exchanger outer wall and heat exchanger outer cover.Briefly, the standing part of heat outflow end except cylinder, all belongs to radiator.
In the cylinder heat exchange cover of said radiator the heat dissipating pipe of two-port on the heat exchanger outer wall is set, increases heat dissipation potential.Under the little situation of power, can not establish this heat dissipating pipe.
Said heat outflow end cylinder is filled with the solid heat transfer medium near the segment space between the heat exchanger inwall, and its complementary space of cylinder heat exchange cover is filled with liquid heat-transfer medium or gas heat-transfer medium.Most of heat directly by solid conduction to radiating fin.
Said heat-exchanger type regenerator has two heat exchanger channels, and being installed in phase difference is between two active chambers of π.
The control system that said control system adopts Chinese patent 201110035499.6 to provide.
Said control system supercharging device is that a working medium suction booster suction port connects the low pressure working fluid jar, and the air outlet connects the secondary seal chamber; Another working medium suction booster suction port connects the secondary seal chamber, and the air outlet connects the high-pressure working medium jar.Compare with directly being pressurized to the high-pressure working medium jar, rationally utilized the secondary seal chamber, reduced the operating pressure differential of working medium suction booster by the low pressure working fluid jar.
The invention has the advantages that: the one, many ring linkage structures and heat exchange regenerator, high-efficiency radiator combine, and the output power of single active chamber increases.Identical output power, machine volume become littler.The hot machine of Stirling intrinsic simple in structure, efficiency of heat engine is high, noise is low etc., and advantage is not fully exerted.Manufacture cost and cost of use will be lower than internal-combustion engine, steam turbine, gas turbine.The 2nd, the heat dissipation potential of cylinder heat exchange cover is strong, has solved the difficult problem of existing Stirling engine heat radiation.The 3rd, the control system supercharging changes two-stage supercharging into, has rationally utilized the secondary seal chamber, has reduced the supercharging energy consumption, moves more reliable.The 4th, supplementary equipment is few.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is a calculation of thermodynamics sectional drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a complete machine structure schematic representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a housing construction schematic representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that heat of the present invention flows out the end structure schematic representation.
Among the figure: 1, heat storage medium inflow entrance, 2, heat flows into end, 3, heat-exchanger type regenerator, 4, body; 5, coolant outlet, 6, generator, 7, the heat outflow end, 8, the connecting tube access port; 9, cooling water intake, 10, the connecting tube through port, 11, the heat storage medium outflow opening.
Embodiment
Present embodiment is the stirling generator that is used for the six active chamber dicyclos connection of solar energy thermal-power-generating.Existing solar heat-preservation technology heat storage medium temperature can reach more than 400 ℃.Just with 400 ℃ (673.15K) as heat source temperature, the generator of design electromotive power output 300KW.
Main structure parameters is: cylinder diameter 200mm, stroke 120mm, distribution garden diameter 600mm, through-flow volume 10L, directed piece 100mm; Disregard regenerator and control system and generator, hot machine diameter 1000mm, hot captain 950mm.
The setting running parameter is: Maximum operating pressure 9MPa, efficiency of heat engine 0.25, heat source temperature 673.15K, sink temperature 333.15K, 900 rev/mins of rotating speeds.
The The thermodynamics calculation results of an active chamber is: electromotive power output Power is 52.47KW, the heat absorption power P
hBe 209.9KW, heat radiation power P
CBe 157.4KW.
Have 6 active chambers, the output gross electric capacity is 314.82KW, the power 1259.4KW that always absorbs heat, total heat radiation power 944.4KW.
Computational process is as shown in Figure 1.Selected parameter all has surplus capacity among the figure, and real output also can improve.Can heighten like Maximum operating pressure, the temperature difference can increase etc.For example, other conditions are constant, just Maximum operating pressure are increased to 15MPa by 9MPa, and single active chamber electromotive power output reaches 87.46KW, and the output gross electric capacity is up to 524.76KW.So the electric power that per unit volume is sent can not be lower than steam turbine, can replace fully.
Fig. 2 is the complete machine structure schematic representation, and heat inflow end 2 and heat outflow end 7 are separately fixed at the two ends of body 4.Two Rotor carriages are fixed on hot machine rotor in the body.Six groups of piston set are stuck on the hot machine rotor, and the two ends piston inserts heat and flows into end and heat outflow end cylinder.Three heat-exchanger type regenerators 3 are arranged in the body side with operating mode controller and control system thereof, and generator 6 is fixed on the heat exchanger end.Heat flows into end cylinder heater via, heat-exchanger type regenerator, heat outflow end cylinder connection formation active chamber that radiator is corresponding with alternate piston set.Three active chambers and three groups of piston set be alternate to be connected to a sealing connecting ring, and complete machine has two sealing connecting rings.Phase difference is two heat exchanger channels two end interfaces that two active chambers of π are connected in same heat-exchanger type regenerator respectively.Heat flows into end end face central authorities has heat storage medium inflow entrance 1, and heat flows into end side surface has several heat storage medium outflow openings 11 and connecting tube through port 10.Heat storage medium flow and two active chamber connecting tube comprehensive lengths are short to be as the criterion to satisfy for the quantity of heat storage medium outflow opening 11 and connecting tube through port 10 and position.Heat flows out end side surface has a cooling water intake 9 and a coolant outlet 5 and several connecting tube access ports 8.It is the shortest in well that the position of connecting tube access port 8 and quantity insert annular heat transfer space distance with connecting tube.Hot machine rotor of heat outflow end center arrangement and rotor coupling.
Body inwall of the present invention shown in Figure 3 has three Rotor carriage mounting grooves and six piston set guiding grooves.Two have the Rotor carriage of three support beams to pack into from the body two ends, and three groups of fastening screws are fixed as one body, Rotor carriage and rotor.
Fig. 4 is a heat outflow end kernel, and six cylinders are arranged, and spacing is 300mm.Cylinder is near the heat exchanger inwall.On the heat exchanger outer wall radiating fin is arranged.Six roots of sensation connecting tube passes heat exchanger wall and is communicated with cylinder.
Working procedure of the present invention is: heat storage medium flows into from the heat storage medium inflow entrance that heat flows into end end face central authorities, and the working medium in heater and cylinder head and active chamber is carried out heat exchange, and the heat storage medium outflow opening by heat inflow end side surface flows out then.Control system is carried out start-up function, balanced each active chamber working medium amount, and hot machine gets into normal working, and drive motor rotates generating.In the heat-exchanger type regenerator, two active chamber working medium countercurrent flows.The heat that distribute at the heat outflow end in all working chamber is taken away by the cooling water of the cooling water intake of flowing through, annular heat transfer space, coolant outlet.
Claims (6)
1. encircle the connected type Stirling reversible heat engine more, comprise body, rotor, two Rotor carriages, organize piston set more, a plurality of heat-exchanger type regenerator, heat flow into end, heat outflow end, motor and control system, it is characterized in that: the central rotor of said body is fixed by two Rotor carriages; The rotor shaft center line overlaps with the body center line, organizes the distribution that is centrosymmetric of the relative body center of piston set line more, and is stuck on the rotor; Piston set one end piston inserts heat and flows into the end cylinder, and the other end piston inserts heat outflow end cylinder, and heat flows into end cylinder heater via, heat-exchanger type regenerator, radiator; The heat outflow end cylinder corresponding with the piston set of interval array piston set is communicated with; Form active chamber, active chamber is alternate with piston set to link to each other, and forms a plurality of sealing connecting rings; The connecting direction of all sealing connecting rings is consistent; Phase difference is that two active chambers of π are communicated with two heat exchanger channels of same heat-exchanger type regenerator respectively, and the coupling that connects hot machine rotor and rotor places the heat outflow end, and control system is communicated with active chamber on heat-exchanger type regenerator and heat outflow end cylinder connecting tube; Heat flows into the heat storage medium inflow entrance of the end face central authorities of end; Heater via is communicated with heat and flows into the heat storage medium outflow opening on the end side surface, and the ring-type cylinder heat exchange cover that contains cylinder and connecting tube thereof is arranged on the heat outflow end heat exchanger inwall, on the heat outflow end heat exchanger outer wall radiating fin is arranged; One end of connecting tube gets into cylinder heat exchange cover and is communicated with cylinder; The other end of connecting tube is communicated with heat-exchanger type regenerator, near two end plates one connecting tube is arranged respectively on the heat exchanger outer cover of heat outflow end, and motor is fixed on heat outflow end heat exchanger end.
2. many ring connected type Stirling reversible heat engines according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sealing connecting ring has three groups of piston set and three alternate linking to each other of active chamber at least.
3. according to claim 1 or the described many ring connected type Stirling reversible heat engines of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the sealing connecting ring has two at least.
4. many ring connected type Stirling reversible heat engines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the cylinder heat exchange cover of said radiator the heat dissipating pipe of two-port on the heat exchanger outer wall is set.
5. many ring connected type Stirling reversible heat engines according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said heat outflow end cylinder is filled with the solid heat transfer medium near the segment space between the heat exchanger inwall, and its complementary space of cylinder heat exchange cover is filled with liquid heat-transfer medium or gas heat-transfer medium.
6. many ring connected type Stirling reversible heat engines according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said control system supercharging device is that a working medium suction booster suction port connects the low pressure working fluid jar; The air outlet connects the secondary seal chamber; Another working medium suction booster suction port connects the secondary seal chamber, and the air outlet connects the high-pressure working medium jar.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102997417A (en) * | 2012-11-18 | 2013-03-27 | 孔令斌 | Stirling heat pump water heater |
CN103388972A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-11-13 | 孔令斌 | Dryer with Stirling heat pump |
CN103485933A (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2014-01-01 | 孔令斌 | Stirling engine control system achieving supercharging through work cavity |
Citations (5)
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US4199945A (en) * | 1977-07-27 | 1980-04-29 | Theodor Finkelstein | Method and device for balanced compounding of Stirling cycle machines |
US20060048510A1 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2006-03-09 | Infinia Corporation | Double acting thermodynamically resonant free-piston multicylinder stirling system and method |
CN102080606A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2011-06-01 | 孔令斌 | Stirling thermal engine operating condition controller |
CN102146900A (en) * | 2011-03-26 | 2011-08-10 | 孔令斌 | Solar sterling generator |
-
2012
- 2012-05-28 CN CN2012101740979A patent/CN102705105A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4077216A (en) * | 1975-08-27 | 1978-03-07 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Stirling cycle thermal devices |
US4199945A (en) * | 1977-07-27 | 1980-04-29 | Theodor Finkelstein | Method and device for balanced compounding of Stirling cycle machines |
US20060048510A1 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2006-03-09 | Infinia Corporation | Double acting thermodynamically resonant free-piston multicylinder stirling system and method |
CN102080606A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2011-06-01 | 孔令斌 | Stirling thermal engine operating condition controller |
CN102146900A (en) * | 2011-03-26 | 2011-08-10 | 孔令斌 | Solar sterling generator |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102997417A (en) * | 2012-11-18 | 2013-03-27 | 孔令斌 | Stirling heat pump water heater |
CN103388972A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-11-13 | 孔令斌 | Dryer with Stirling heat pump |
CN103485933A (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2014-01-01 | 孔令斌 | Stirling engine control system achieving supercharging through work cavity |
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Application publication date: 20121003 |