CN102696519A - Method for removing noctiluca scintillans of prawn culture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for removing noctiluca scintillans of a prawn culture pond. In the process of prawn culture, the phenomenon that a great amount of noctiluca scintillans are bred is often to occur, so that other algal-facies communities lose the breeding advantages and the survival rate to the prawn seedlings is directly influenced. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that by measures of preparing medicines, applying the medicines and culturing beneficial algae and the like, the noctiluca scintillans is effectively killed, the beneficial algae is cultured; the method is simple and convenient to operate and is effective and feasible; as long as the concentration and the method used in chemical medicines are mastered, adverse influence of the noctiluca scintillans on the culturing environment can be avoided, and the survival rate and the success rate for culture are increased.

Description

A kind of method of removing prawn culturing pond Noctiluca scientillans

Technical field

The present invention relates to the water treatment method in the prawn culturing process, specifically be a kind of method of removing prawn culturing pond Noctiluca scientillans, belong to field of marine product cultivation technology.

Background technology

To the shrimp culture is the conventional industries of China, and cultured prawn accounts for bigger ratio in marine product output, and prawn has become that broad masses of the people like most, one of the marine product of approval.Main breed variety has Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, Penaeus monodon, japonicus etc.Aquaculture model is also varied, cultures from the extensive style in large tracts of land pond, to the high density intensive culture in high-order pond; From the natural seawater to the desalination cultivation; Breeding facility is constantly perfect, and cultural technique is also improving constantly.But, in breeding process, particularly in 20 days after promptly throwing in the shrimp seedling early stage, a large amount of reproductive patternss of Noctiluca scientillans usually appear, and near sea area, Noctiluca scientillans has occupied the breeding advantage of algae from cultivating pool.In evening, under the springing up of stormy waves, luminescence phenomenon appears; The a large amount of breedings of Noctiluca scientillans cause other algae phase group to lose the breeding advantage, cause water transparency greater than culturing the depth of water, and seawater pH value descends, and dissolved oxygen reduces, and sunshine is transmitted at the bottom of the pond, influences the breeding of zooplankton; The variation of these factors has changed the living environment of shrimp seedling, has also reduced the biological feed of prawn seedling, has directly influenced the survival rate of prawn seedling.

Noctiluca scientillans (Noctiluca scientillans) is commonly called as noctiluca, belongs to a kind in the Pyrrhophyta; It is the red tide plankton kind widely that distributes; The water temperature that is fit to breeding is 16 ℃～29 ℃, salinity 20 ‰～35 ‰, when water temperature at 16 ℃～25 ℃; Red tide takes place in salinity 29 ‰～33 ‰ o'clock easily.When not reaching red tide density (every milliliter is less than 1000 cells) be water white transparency, take on a red color when reaching red tide density; Can consume the nutritive salt in the water body fast during a large amount of the breeding, thereby suppress the breeding of other algae populations, change planktonic ecological community structure.When seawater salinity reduced by 5 ‰ when above in 6 hours, the phenomena of mortality appear in Noctiluca scientillans.When water temperature reached more than 30 ℃, Noctiluca scientillans was not easy breeding.

A large amount of breedings of Noctiluca scientillans become the key factor that influences the shrimp shoot survival percent in the prawn culturing process; Removing Noctiluca scientillans can accomplish through following method: 1, rising water temperature; 2, reduce seawater salinity; 3, chemicals is killed.1st, the 2nd kind of method is uncontrollable process, receives season, climatic influences, and process maybe be veryer long, can not recover to help the environment of prawn growth rapidly.Have only through using chemicals to kill and be only efficient ways.

The Noctiluca scientillans of removing in the pond is one of them important step of prawn culturing technology, especially cultures the seedling phase.Prawn only could healthy growth under the environment of useful algae there not being Noctiluca scientillans.Therefore, removing the Noctiluca scientillans in the prawn culturing pond, in time cultivate the useful algae population of advantage, is very crucial as far as prawn culturing.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of removing prawn culturing pond Noctiluca scientillans, overcome the deficiency that tradition is removed pond Noctiluca scientillans method, Noctiluca scientillans is removed through dispensing ecotope modifying agent; In time cultivating the useful algae population in the pond becomes dominant population, suppresses the breeding in a large number once more of Noctiluca scientillans.Build the environment that is fit to the prawn growth, thereby improve the survival rate of shrimp seedling and culture success rate.

For realizing the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention has taked following technical scheme, and a kind of method of removing the cultivating pool Noctiluca scientillans may further comprise the steps:

(1) compounding pharmaceutical: at first, confirm the water body volume of shrimp culture pond, according to water body volume preparation Baijunjing solution; Make the Baijunjing content of breeding water body reach the water body concentration of 0.30～0.35ppm; Take by weighing the Baijunjing pulvis, get seawater in the cultivating pool Baijunjing pulvis dissolving, dilute by 40～50 times of dose weight with container; Stir soup, evenly splashed in full breed pond then;

(2) dispenser: be chosen in fine evening to throwing in the breed pond dispenser of shrimp seedling after 10 days; Cultivating pool can not be intake or draining simultaneously during dispenser, keeps oxygenation in the pond during dispenser and after the dispenser, requires to increase the gas facility and keeps running well; Guarantee the normal exchange and sufficient dissolved oxygen of water body oxygen; Make that oxygen content reaches 4 mg/litre-6 mg/litre in the culturing pool, dispenser is after one hour, and luminescence phenomenon disappears;

(3) useful algae is cultivated: the next morning after the medication, in time use unit cell algae growth hormone, and make the concentration of unit cell algae growth hormone in water body reach 1.5～2ppm; Useful algae population in the quickly breeding pond, the useful algae population of formation advantage reduces water transparency; After two days, if water transparency still greater than 50cm, is then used unit cell algae auximone according to same concentration once more; When transparency less than 50cm; Water colour becomes peak green or brown, and luminescence phenomenon does not appear in evening, even if the removing of Noctiluca scientillans is accomplished.

Described unit cell algae growth hormone, Main Ingredients and Appearance is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, amino acid, nutritive salt, existing merchandise sales are fit to quickly breeding green alga and diatom.

Said Baijunjing main component is copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate and iron oxide, existing merchandise sales.

Take the present invention of above-mentioned measure,, killed Noctiluca scientillans effectively through chemical method; Cultivated useful algae, easy and simple to handle, effective and feasible; As long as grasp the concentration and the method for use, can avoid the harmful effect of Noctiluca scientillans to breeding environment, improve the survival rate and the success rate of culturing.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Square cement pit, 2401 square metres of areas are cement concrete system at the bottom of pool wall and the pond, throw in the shrimp seedling 7 days, proportion 1.018,29.6 ℃ of water temperatures, pH value 7.9, transparency be greater than the depth of water, in evening, when aerator rotates, obviously sees the luminous of Noctiluca scientillans in the water body.

(1) calculate pond waters: the depth of water with four angles, ruler measurement pond and central point, be respectively 110cm, 107cm, 122cm, 128cm and 114cm, mean depth of water is 116.2cm, calculates effective water body 2790m ³

(2) use concentration: the concentration of pressing 0.3ppm is calculated, and takes by weighing Baijunjing pulvis 837g, gets the about 9kg of pond maritime interior waters (about 10 times of weight), fully dissolves the Baijunjing pulvis with plastic big basin, and then adds the water dilution of 35kg;

(3) use soup: 20:00～21:00 point at night, soup is evenly splashed.The soup of splashing is preceding to start aerators all in the pond, is convenient to soup and fast, evenly incorporates water body, improves the killing effect to Noctiluca scientillans, and also guaranteeing has sufficient dissolved oxygen in the pond.Behind the evening 21:30, the luminescence phenomenon in the water body disappears.Afterwards, continue to keep the normal operation of aerator;

(4) algae is cultivated: the next morning, 9:30 executed unit cell algae growth hormone 4.5kg.Water body concentration is 1.62ppm.Application process is used the plastic big basin container, gets the pond maritime interior waters with the dissolving of unit cell algae growth hormone, dilutes 20～30 times again, splashes in the complete then pool, but also splash in Bian Tianshui dilution limit.Keep the aerator normal operation in the pool to use between administration time period, so that the even distribution of growth hormone;

After two days, transparency 45cm, the water colour yellowish-brown, pH value 8.4, proportion 1.018, the water body luminescence phenomenon has not appearred in evening, and useful algae has recovered the population advantage.

Culture lasting the receipts after 108 days and catch, the shrimp shoot survival percent is 83%.

Embodiment 2

Tu Tang, rectangle 60.6m * 46.5m effective area 2813m ², threw in the shrimp seedling 12 days, sea water specific gravity 1.017,28.5 ℃ of water temperatures, pH value 8.3, transparency are greater than the depth of water, and sunshine can be directed at the bottom of the pond.Darkness is stirred the water surface with hand later, can see the luminous of Noctiluca scientillans.

(1) calculate pond waters: the mean depth of water of calculating by the method for instance 1 is 0.98m, effectively water body 2757m ³

(2) use concentration: the alluvial of Tu Tang is organic, and cement pit is many relatively, uses concentration 0.35ppm, and the amount of using Baijunjing is 965 grams.The dilution mode is identical with instance 1;

(3) use soup: the administration of medical fluid method is identical with instance 1;

(4) algae is cultivated: the next morning 9:00～9:30, and when making water temperature, the sun rises to some extent, use unit cell algae growth hormone 5.5kg, the about 2ppm of water body concentration, application process is identical with instance 1.

After two days, transparency 50cm, water colour are peak green, ph value 8.6, and proportion 1.017, the water body luminescence phenomenon has not appearred in evening, and useful algae has recovered the population advantage.

Culture lasting the receipts after 113 days and catch, the shrimp shoot survival percent is 86%.

Claims (1)

1. method of removing the cultivating pool Noctiluca scientillans is characterized in that said method comprising the steps of:

(1) compounding pharmaceutical: at first, confirm the water body volume of shrimp culture pond, according to water body volume preparation Baijunjing solution; Make the Baijunjing content of breeding water body reach the water body concentration of 0.30～0.35ppm; Take by weighing the Baijunjing pulvis, get seawater in the cultivating pool Baijunjing pulvis dissolving, dilute by 40～50 times of dose weight with container; Stir soup, evenly splashed in full breed pond then;

(2) dispenser: be chosen in fine evening to throwing in the breed pond dispenser of shrimp seedling after 10 days; Cultivating pool can not be intake or draining simultaneously during dispenser, keeps oxygenation in the pond during dispenser and after the dispenser, requires to increase the gas facility and keeps running well; Guarantee the normal exchange and sufficient dissolved oxygen of water body oxygen; Make that oxygen content reaches 4 mg/litre-6 mg/litre in the culturing pool, dispenser is after one hour, and luminescence phenomenon disappears;

(3) useful algae is cultivated: the next morning after the medication, in time use unit cell algae growth hormone, and make the concentration of unit cell algae growth hormone in water body reach 1.5～2ppm; Useful algae population in the quickly breeding pond, the useful algae population of formation advantage reduces water transparency; After two days, if water transparency still greater than 50cm, is then used unit cell algae auximone according to same concentration once more; When transparency less than 50cm; Water colour becomes peak green or brown, and luminescence phenomenon does not appear in evening, even if the removing of Noctiluca scientillans is accomplished.