CN102690579A - Reparation method of self-embrittled radioactive decontamination coating - Google Patents
Reparation method of self-embrittled radioactive decontamination coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN102690579A CN102690579A CN2012102010155A CN201210201015A CN102690579A CN 102690579 A CN102690579 A CN 102690579A CN 2012102010155 A CN2012102010155 A CN 2012102010155A CN 201210201015 A CN201210201015 A CN 201210201015A CN 102690579 A CN102690579 A CN 102690579A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a self-embrittled radioactive decontamination coating. The self-embrittled radioactive decontamination coating is prepared by performing copolymerization on a methacrylic acid monomer and a methyl methacrylate monomer through emulsion. Crosslinking agent is added into the prepared polymer emulsion so as to realize complexing and crosslinking of polymer molecular chain sections in the emulsion, and the emulsion can be self-embrittled and stripped off after being painted, molded and solidified, thus being separated from a contaminated object; and a certain amount of complexing agent is added into the polymer emulsion to perform a complexing adsorption action on radioactive nuclide particles, thus fulfilling the aim of clearing radioactive nuclide. The self-embrittled coating can be applied to radioactive decontamination in general occasions and on the surface of complicated structural parts; and brittle sheets produced by decontamination can be collected mechanically, so that the radiation amount to an operator can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear pollution decontamination technology field, in particular a kind of preparation method from crisp type radioactive decontamination coating.
Background technology
In the retired and various nuclear emergency incident response of nuclear, removing radionuclide contamination all is key issue.Decontamination is meant removal or alleviates surperficial alpha-contamination process that the purpose of decontamination is in order to reduce the activity of facility and environment, to continue to use safely or carry out the place and open to realize facility.The essence of decontamination process is that radioactive pollutant is transferred to the secondary refuse from the surface of decontamination object.The decontamination technology major part is transplanted from the other technologies field and is come, and improves development according to the work characteristics (decontamination factor like radiation hazradial bundle problem, recontaminate problem, requirement is high) of radioactive decontamination again then.The actual now decontamination process of using can be divided into two big types substantially: physics decontamination and chemical subtraction.Traditional physics decontamination method has wiping, top layer to peel off etc., and chemical subtraction is for chemical solvents (organic solvent, acid solution, complex solution, salts solution etc.) cleaning Polluted area, facility etc.These decontamination methods have been obtained certain effect and have been solved some practical problemss; But there are the undesirable or problems such as a lot of new refuses of generation, waste liquid of clean effect.At present, the physics and the chemical means of various modern used in the nuclear installation decontamination, and like ultrasonic, plasma body, laser, supercritical technology, electrochemical method etc., with regard to present various decontamination technologies, all there is certain limitation in various technology.The body material of pollution parts, pollutant kind, decontamination object etc., all the selection to decontamination technology has restrictive function.Thereby in actual nuclear installation operation or retired process, decontamination is the integrated application of multiple technologies often.
The peelable decontamination technology of filming is a kind of decontamination method that newly-developed gets up, and it is meant develops a kind of type material of peeling off dirt-removing functions that has, and it is before coating; Be generally liquid-type coating; After coating contaminated facility, equipment surface,, form the thin film body on the facility surface through natural air drying after a while; Different is with general coating; Formed this coating thin-film body can be once more through machinery or manual operation, with its peel-off device surface, simultaneously because coating experiences a series of chemistry in equipment surface with physical action the original pollutent of equipment surface is rejected or the part removing; Finally, finally reach contaminated equipment surface decontamination purpose through once or several times operations.Peelable decontamination coating in general sense; Be to be matrix (all kinds of rubber, PS, SE, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride etc.) with one or more high molecular polymers that contain functional group; And in the mixture of itself and solvent, add if in the functional type auxiliary agent, this comprises: film coalescence aid, emulsification function auxiliary agent, treating compound, dispersion agent, functional type coagent, dirt-removing functions auxiliary agent etc.The easy construction of this kind decontamination technology, safety, non-secondary pollution; Produce the compressible burning of refuse, the occasion that the particularly suitable additive method is difficult to construct is like huge nuclear reactor shell; Main equipment, surface decontamination can conveniently be carried out with the method for spraying in working hall etc.The limitation of this method is that it is relatively poor to the coarse object of porousness, complex construction parts clean effect, in the process of stripping, can produce certain irradiation dose to operator simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to prepare a kind of radioactive decontamination coating, after being coated on contaminated subject surface, behind its film-forming voluntarily embrittlement peel off, reach the purpose of decontamination simultaneously.This novel decontamination coating can be used for the coarse object of porousness, the decontamination of complex construction parts surface, the refuse (crisp) of its generation simultaneously but mechanical collection reduces operator's the irradiation dose that receives.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of preparation method from crisp type radioactive decontamination coating is measured polymer emulsion, and using NaOH solution to regulate pH value is 7.5～9.0, stirs 15～30 minutes, adds polymeric crosslinker, stirs 15～30 minutes, and sealing and standing 12 hours promptly gets decontamination coating; Wherein the volume of polymeric crosslinker is 15～25% of a polymer emulsion volume.
Described preparation method, the preparation method of said polymer emulsion do, are 100 parts in synthetic polymer emulsion total mass:
A: the preparatory emulsification of preparation monomer: X 2073 (SDBS) and AEO (AEO-7) are added in the beaker; Add deionized water again; After stirring is dissolved X 2073 and AEO fully; Add TEB 3K (MMA) and methylacrylic acid (MAA), and powerful the stirring forms the stable preparatory emulsification of monomer; Monomer 1 is TEB 3K (MMA) consumption: 5～7.5 parts; Monomer 2 is methylacrylic acid (MAA) consumption: 2.5～7.5 parts; Monomer 1 and monomer 2 mass ratioes were at 1: 1 to 3: 1, and both total mass umbers are at 10～15 parts; X 2073 (SDBS): 0.02～0.06 part, consumption is 0.2～0.4% of a monomer total mass; AEO (AEO-7): 0.08～0.24 part, consumption is 0.8～1.6% of a monomer total mass; Deionized water: 4～7.5 parts, consumption is 40～50% of a monomer total mass;
B: preparation initiator solution: with Potassium Persulphate (K
2S
2O
8) add in the beaker, add deionized water and stirring again it is dissolved fully, form initiator solution; Initiator amount: 0.05～0.15 part, initiator amount is 0.5～1.0% of a monomer total mass; The deionized water consumption is 90～100 times of initiator quality;
C: the preparation of polymer emulsion: in reaction kettle, add 61.8～81.2 parts of deionized waters and 0.06～0.18 part (consumption be monomer total mass 0.6～1.8%) X 2073 (SDBS); After stirring is warming up to 75～85 ℃; The preparatory emulsification of monomer that adds the preparation of 1/3 volume steps A; Stir the initiator solution of the step B preparation that adds 2/3 volume after 15～30 minutes; Behind the stirring reaction 15～30 minutes, drip remaining initiator solution and monomer pre-emulsion more simultaneously, the dropping time was controlled at about 15～100 minutes.Be added dropwise to complete back insulation reaction 3～4 hours, cooling back discharging.
To the weak point of peelable decontamination technology, the present invention carries out the development from crisp type radioactive decontamination coating.From the notion of crisp type coating be after coating is coated the subject surface film-forming of getting dirty voluntarily embrittlement peel off, reach the effect of decontamination simultaneously.This coating is formed through emulsion copolymerization by two kinds of monomers.Adopt methylacrylic acid as " soft " monomer in the emulsion polymeric product, give emulsion certain film forming properties; Adopting TEB 3K is " firmly " monomer in the emulsion polymeric product, makes to have certain fragility behind the emulsion drying and forming-film.In the polymer emulsion of preparation, add linking agent make polymer molecule segment complexing in the emulsion, crosslinked after, after the spraying film forming is solidified voluntarily embrittlement peel off, reach and get dirty the isolating purpose of object; Simultaneously, the certain complexing agent of polymer emulsion adding in preparation has the complexing adsorption to the radionuclide particle, thereby reaches the purpose of removing radionuclide.The copolymer emulsion decontamination coating of the present invention's preparation can be applicable in the surperficial radioactive decontamination of relevant departments, and for follow-up work reference is provided.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is technological line figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a process flow sheet of the present invention;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.
One, polymer emulsion is synthetic
1.1 the preparation of the preparatory emulsification of monomer
5.5g X 2073 (SDBS) and 21.5g AEO (AEO-7) are added in the beaker; Add the 870g deionized water again; After stirring is dissolved X 2073 and AEO fully; Add 1500g TEB 3K (MMA) and 500g methylacrylic acid (MAA), and powerful the stirring forms the stable preparatory emulsification of monomer.
1.2 the preparation of initiator solution
With 15.2g Potassium Persulphate (K
2S
2O
8) add in the beaker, add the 1170g deionized water and stirring again it is dissolved fully, form initiator solution.
1.3 polymer emulsion is synthetic
Add 15.1kg deionized water and 20.5g X 2073 (SDBS) at the 30L reaction kettle, (stirring velocity: 500r/min), get the preparatory emulsification of monomer of preparation in 1.1 after stirring is warming up to 82 ℃; Add the preparatory emulsification of 1/3 volume monomer, stir after 30 minutes, get the initiator solution of preparation in 1.2; The initiator solution that adds 2/3 volume; Behind the stirring reaction 30 minutes, drip remaining initiator solution and monomer pre-emulsion more simultaneously, the dropping time was controlled at about 100 minutes.Be added dropwise to complete back insulation reaction 4 hours, cooling back discharging need be filtered if any insolubles.
Two, the preparation of decontamination coating
2.1 the preparation of polymeric crosslinker
Get zinc chloride 750g and EDTA Disodium (EDTA Disodium (EDTA-Na
2) for the nucleic complexing agent) 300g puts into large beaker, adds deionized water 3600mL and stirs, and after waiting to clarify, adds strong aqua 1700mL, stir, dissolving, sealing, cooling, it is subsequent use promptly to get polymeric crosslinker.
2.2 the preparation of decontamination coating
Measure polymer emulsion 10L, using NaOH solution to regulate pH value is 8.0, and (rotating speed 250～400r/min) adds polymeric crosslinker 1950mL, stirs 30 minutes (rotating speed 500-900r/min), and sealing and standing 12 hours promptly gets decontamination coating to stir 15min.
2.3 the viscosity adjustment of decontamination coating
Decontamination coating preparation back sealing and standing was surveyed its viscosity (generally greater than 1000mPas) after 12 hours, with deionized water progressively be diluted to the target viscosities value (200～800mPas), hermetically stored.
Three, embrittlement and clean effect evaluation
Choose unlike material surfaces such as metal, lacquer painting plank, glass, marble, mark 20cm * 20cm zone, the coating for preparing is coated on dielectric surface, coating thickness 2mm at room temperature places the film forming embrittlement took place in 36 hours, and its crisp chip size is 2～6cm.
Carry out the clean effect evaluation experimental of coating by the TP of No. 48, GB/T14057-93, IAEA safety book series.Choose unlike material surfaces such as metal, lacquer painting plank, glass, marble, mark regional each 2～3 of 5cm * 5cm.Use CoMo170 surface radiocontamination appearance to carry out background measurement.The active fall-out that in the zone that dielectric surface delimited, lays different radioactive surface activity (is mixed radioactivity in the horizontal soil powder of natural background
32P) and surface measurements be infected with level.Spray decontamination coating at Polluted area, peel off surface measurements radioactivity residual level after the decontamination certainly, the result shows, adopts decontamination coating once-used decontaminating rate＞84% of the present invention's preparation.
Should be understood that, concerning those of ordinary skills, can improve or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of accompanying claims of the present invention according to above-mentioned explanation.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method from crisp type radioactive decontamination coating is characterized in that, measures polymer emulsion; Using NaOH solution to regulate pH value is 7.5～9.0, stirs 15-30 minute, adds polymeric crosslinker; Stirred 15-30 minute, sealing and standing 12 hours promptly gets decontamination coating; Wherein the volume of polymeric crosslinker is 15～25% of a polymer emulsion volume.
2. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the preparation method of said polymer emulsion does, is 100 parts in synthetic polymer emulsion total mass:
A: the preparatory emulsification of preparation monomer: X 2073 and AEO are added in the beaker; Add deionized water again; After stirring is dissolved X 2073 and AEO fully; Add TEB 3K and methylacrylic acid, and powerful the stirring forms the stable preparatory emulsification of monomer; Monomer 1 is the TEB 3K consumption: 5～7.5 parts; Monomer 2 is the methylacrylic acid consumption: 2.5～7.5 parts; Monomer 1 and monomer 2 mass ratioes were at 1: 1 to 3: 1, and both total mass umbers are at 10～15 parts; X 2073: 0.02～0.06 part, consumption is 0.2～0.4% of a monomer total mass; AEO: 0.08～0.24 part, consumption is 0.8～1.6% of a monomer total mass; Deionized water: 4～7.5 parts, consumption is 40～50% of a monomer total mass;
B: preparation initiator solution: Potassium Persulphate is added in the beaker, add deionized water and stirring again it is dissolved fully, form initiator solution; Initiator amount: 0.05～0.15 part, initiator amount is 0.5～1.0% of a monomer total mass; The deionized water consumption is 90～100 times of initiator quality;
C: the preparation of polymer emulsion: in reaction kettle, add 61.8～81.2 parts of deionized waters and 0.06～0.18 part of X 2073; After stirring is warming up to 75～85 ℃; The preparatory emulsification of monomer that adds the preparation of 1/3 volume steps A stirs the initiator solution of the step B preparation that adds 2/3 volume after 15～30 minutes, and stirring reaction is after 15～30 minutes; Drip remaining initiator solution and monomer pre-emulsion more simultaneously, the dropping time was controlled at about 15～100 minutes; Be added dropwise to complete back insulation reaction 3～4 hours, cooling back discharging.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106317998A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 王利萍 | Waterborne strippable decontamination paint preparation method |
| CN107779031A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-03-09 | 广州大学 | The antifouling smooth coating of low adhesion prepared by the emulsion system without any organic solvent |
| CN107779032A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-03-09 | 广州大学 | A kind of crude oil is low to adhere to nonpolluting coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN110277182A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-24 | 西南科技大学 | Corrosivity for iron-based material surface is from crisp type decontamination agent preparation method |
| CN112552753A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-26 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Strippable decontamination coating and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114456671A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-05-10 | 北京国原新技术有限公司 | Coating and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106317998A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 王利萍 | Waterborne strippable decontamination paint preparation method |
| CN107779031A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-03-09 | 广州大学 | The antifouling smooth coating of low adhesion prepared by the emulsion system without any organic solvent |
| CN107779032A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-03-09 | 广州大学 | A kind of crude oil is low to adhere to nonpolluting coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN107779031B (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2020-07-31 | 广州大学 | Low-adhesion antifouling smooth coating prepared by emulsion system without any organic solvent |
| CN107779032B (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2020-07-31 | 广州大学 | Crude oil low-adhesion antifouling coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN110277182A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-24 | 西南科技大学 | Corrosivity for iron-based material surface is from crisp type decontamination agent preparation method |
| CN114456671A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-05-10 | 北京国原新技术有限公司 | Coating and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114456671B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-12-02 | 北京国原新技术有限公司 | Coating and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112552753A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-26 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Strippable decontamination coating and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112552753B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-17 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Strippable decontamination coating and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102690579B (en) | 2014-10-15 |
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