CN102689309A - Compliant passive gripper drawn by pneumatic ropes and provided with bent plate spring skeleton - Google Patents
Compliant passive gripper drawn by pneumatic ropes and provided with bent plate spring skeleton Download PDFInfo
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- CN102689309A CN102689309A CN2012101698346A CN201210169834A CN102689309A CN 102689309 A CN102689309 A CN 102689309A CN 2012101698346 A CN2012101698346 A CN 2012101698346A CN 201210169834 A CN201210169834 A CN 201210169834A CN 102689309 A CN102689309 A CN 102689309A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a compliant passive gripper drawn by pneumatic ropes and provided with bent plate spring skeletons. The gripper is provided with two fingers which take bent plate springs as skeletons and grip objects passively through elastic restoring forces of the bent plate spring skeletons; the two fingers are driven by a cylinder; the acting force of the cylinder is increased through a five-hinge skewed double-elbow reinforcement mechanism which is frequently used on an injection machine so as to drive drawing ropes of the fingers, overcome deformation resistance of the bent plate springs and open the passive gripper; and the opening degree of the gripper can be controlled by controlling the pressure of the cylinder. The gripper has the advantages of large driving force, wide applicable range, simple structure, less controlled objects, convenience in maintenance and low requirements on using environment, has the characteristics of flexibility in degree of freedom and resiliency in acting force, has good flexibility in adaptivity, can grip objects with varying shapes and sizes, and belongs to the technical field of application of robots and mechatronics.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to that a kind of it is the finger of skeleton with the twisted plate spring that grasping device has been installed two by the passive grasping device of compliance air cylinder driven rope traction, twisted plate spring skeleton, the elastic-restoring force that leans on the twisted plate spring is grasping objects passively; Two fingers are tiltedly arranged the active force that hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism amplifies cylinder by an air cylinder driven through five hinges, drive the pull rope on the every finger and act on the twisted plate spring, and passive grasping device is opened.This grasping device has good flexibility, can not have the object that feedback ground grasps shape, size variation, belongs to the applied technical field of robot, electromechanical integration.
Background technology:
Along with improving constantly of automaticity, the purposes of grasping device more and more widely, it is also increasingly high to grasp requirement.With regard to complex object: (a) yielding soft object (bread, flexible package article); (b) breakable brittle body (birds, beasts and eggs); (c) in irregular shape, object (gourd, fruit and vegetable) that the size difference is big; (d) object (bottle, bottle for cosmetics) of abnormity.Industry mechanical arm is clamp-type or parallel movable structure, can only grasp shape size consistent, can not damaged rigidity workpiece.Dynamo-electric apery manipulator; Need shape, the locational space of perception complex object; Need accurate controlled motion and grasp force, otherwise can damage these complex objects or can not effectively grasp, when grasping the special-shaped object of shape, size variation; The traditional rigid grasping device needs accurately control articulations digitorum manus displacement and grasping force, otherwise can cause damage to grasping object.Because of the restriction of cost and environment for use, accurately control grasping device and be difficult in industry extensive uses such as agricultural, light industry.Therefore complicacy is grasped object, have certain adaptive compliance grasping device and more and more paid close attention to.
Conventional rigid mechanism is made up of the rigid bar that kinematic pair connects, and moves, the mechanical device of power or energy transmission or conversion.Compliant mechanism (Compliant Mechanisms) also can transmission or converting motion, power or energy, but different with rigid mechanism, and compliant mechanism also obtains part motion at least not only by kinematic pair transmission campaign from the distortion of its compliant member.Two big superiority of compliant mechanism: reduce cost (reduce number of parts, reduce assembling, simplify and make, alleviate quality) with improve performance (improve precision, increase reliability, reduce wear, reduce maintenance).The course in 20 years has just just been covered in the system research of compliant mechanism, and a lot of theories and method be imperfection also, and its maximum challenge is the GEOMETRICALLY NONLINEAR that difficulty, especially the compliant member large deformation of analysis and design aspect causes.
The compliance of grasping device depends primarily on driver part and joint skeleton, and flat spring is well positioned to meet the requirement of compliance grasping device as a kind of part that has power resiliency and free degree flexibility simultaneously.Patent CN200410065130.X and patent CN200420025274.8 have proposed with the flat spring skeleton flexible joint of a kind of axial expansion artificial-muscle as driver; This joint overcomes the flat spring resistance through the expansion muscle elongation and realizes crooked; Can be used as the initiatively finger parts of grasping device, also have certain flexible adaptivity.It is limited that but bellows is withstand voltage, and driving force is less, makes flat spring rigidity big inadequately, and the weight of object of passive extracting is limited.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned deficiency, propose the passive grasping device of the pneumatic rope traction twisted plate spring skeleton of a kind of compliance.The flat spring skeleton has good flexibility and good adaptivity, can be used to grasp shape, object that size variation is bigger, and grasping device is less demanding to control accuracy; After air cylinder driven was tiltedly arranged the amplification of hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism through five hinges commonly used on the injector, the tensile force of pull rope increased greatly, compares the driving force that can provide bigger with the bellows artificial-muscle, has improved the extracting active force, and the scope of application is more extensive; Simultaneously, two pull ropes of two fingers have not only been practiced thrift cost, have also been reduced the control object by an air cylinder driven, have simplified control loop.
Main solution of the present invention is achieved in that
Like accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4, shown in 5; Grasping device of the present invention tiltedly arranges hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism parts by air cylinder driven five hinges and two twisted plate spring skeleton finger parts are formed; Twisted plate spring skeleton finger parts are fixed on air cylinder driven five hinges through finger periproct 15 and tiltedly arrange on the upper plate 2 of hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism parts, and an end of the pull rope 20 of twisted plate spring skeleton finger parts is fixed on air cylinder driven five hinges and tiltedly arranges on the pull rope holder 6 of hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism parts.
Air cylinder driven five hinges are tiltedly arranged hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism parts: the ring flange of double-acting cylinder 1 is through being bolted on the upper plate 2; Upper plate 2 is connected through guide pillar 3 with lower plate 7; Sliding panel 5 between upper plate 2 and the lower plate 7 moves up and down under the guiding of guide pillar 3 through guide pin bushing 4; Guide pin bushing 4 is fixed on the sliding clamp 5 by interference fit, respectively adorns a pull rope holder 6 about on the sliding panel 5; Perforate on the lower plate 7 is used for mechanical arm is located and be fixed on to this grasping device; Five hinges are tiltedly arranged in the hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism; Two preceding bearings 8 are separately fixed on the sliding panel 5; Preceding bearing 8 is connected through straight pin 9 with the lower end of front link 10, and the upper end of front link 10 is connected through straight pin 9 with the left lower end (shown in accompanying drawing 4) of back toggle link 11, and the upper end of back toggle link 11 is connected through straight pin 9 with connecting rod 13; The bottom righthand side of back toggle link 11 is connected through straight pin 9 with rear support 14, about each rear support 14 be fixed on the upper plate 2; The right ends of crosshead 12 is connected through straight pin 9 with two connecting rods 13 respectively, and the threaded portion of the piston rod of double-acting cylinder 1 is spun in the screwed hole at crosshead 12 symmetry middle parts.
Twisted plate spring skeleton finger parts: twisted plate spring skeleton finger parts are fixed on the upper plate 2 through finger periproct 15, and finger periproct 15, twisted plate spring skeleton 19, finger cephalomere 21 link together through bolt; Wheel stand 16, wheel bracket 18 are installed on the finger periproct 15, and another wheel bracket 18, guide groove seat 24 are installed on the finger cephalomere 21; The targeting part of the small hinge bearing 23 of small hinge 22 is directed in the T of guide groove seat 24 shape guide groove, and small hinge bearing 23 positions are adjusted the back and are fixed on the guide groove seat 24 with soket head cap screw; One end of pull rope 20 is fixed on the small hinge 22; Lead with three guide wheels 17 of installing on the wheel stand 16 through being installed on two wheel brackets 18; The other end of pull rope 20 is fixed on the pull rope holder 6, and pull rope holder 6 is installed on the sliding panel 5.
Compared with present technology the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) air cylinder driven power is amplified through force-increasing mechanism; Drive grasping device through pull rope then; Compare the driving force that can provide bigger with existing bellows artificial-muscle, therefore can increase flat spring thickness and increase its rigidity, be used for grasping than heavy load; Efficiently solve the too little contradiction that big grasp force, rigidity large deformation difficulty can not be provided and be difficult to drive of flat spring rigidity, the scope of application is more extensive;
(2) twisted plate spring skeleton has good flexibility, can be used to grasp shape, object that size variation is bigger, control accuracy is required low, has good flexible self adaptation;
Two pull ropes of (3) two fingers are by an air cylinder driven, and system pressure directly drives, and do not have feedback, no pressurizer; Robot manipulator structure and control system thereof are simple and reliable, easy to maintenance, with low cost;
(4) the initial opening size of adjusting cylinder pressure, control grasping device has reduced the extracting working time.
Description of drawings:
Structure chart when Fig. 1 is the passive grasping device minimum of the pneumatic rope traction of compliance twisted plate spring skeleton aperture
The A place partial enlarged drawing of the structure chart when Fig. 2 is the passive grasping device minimum of the pneumatic rope traction of compliance twisted plate spring skeleton aperture
The B place partial enlarged drawing of the structure chart when Fig. 3 is the passive grasping device minimum of the pneumatic rope traction of compliance twisted plate spring skeleton aperture
Force-increasing mechanism part assembling drawing when Fig. 4 is the passive grasping device minimum of the pneumatic rope traction of compliance twisted plate spring skeleton aperture
Twisted plate spring skeleton finger part assembling drawing when Fig. 5 is the passive grasping device minimum of the pneumatic rope traction of compliance twisted plate spring skeleton aperture
Fig. 6 is the twisted plate spring part figure of the passive grasping device of the pneumatic rope traction twisted plate spring skeleton of compliance
Structure chart when Fig. 7 is the passive grasping device maximum opening of the pneumatic rope of compliance traction twisted plate spring skeleton
The specific embodiment:
The passive grasping device of the pneumatic rope traction twisted plate spring skeleton of compliance of the present invention is made up of double-acting cylinder 1, upper plate 2, guide pillar 3, guide pin bushing 4, sliding panel 5, pull rope holder 6, lower plate 7, preceding bearing 8, straight pin 9, front link 10, back toggle link 11, crosshead 12, connecting rod 13, rear support 14, finger periproct 15, wheel stand 16, guide wheel 17, wheel bracket 18, twisted plate spring skeleton 19, pull rope 20, finger cephalomere 21, small hinge 22, small hinge bearing 23, guide groove seat 24.Wherein part 1-14 air cylinder driven five hinges that constituted grasping device are tiltedly arranged hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism parts, and part 15-24 has constituted the twisted plate spring skeleton finger parts of grasping device, and the hole on the lower plate 7 is used for this grasping device location and is fixed on the mechanical arm.
Be the course of work of the present invention below:
Grasping device of the present invention adopts passive Grasp Modes.When (1) not working, as shown in Figure 1, cylinder piston rod is in retracted mode fully, and twisted plate spring (shown in the accompanying drawing 6) is the natural torsion shape, and the angle of bend of grasping device finger is maximum, and the aperture of grasping device is minimum; (2) grasp the preceding original state that is, grasping device need open, inflation in double-acting cylinder 1 cavity; Piston rod is released, promoted sliding panel 5 to lower slider, drive pull rope 20 tensionings through the reinforcement enlarger; Overcome the resistance of deformation of twisted plate spring skeleton 19; The curvature of twisted plate spring skeleton 19 is reduced, and finger opens, and accompanying drawing 7 is depicted as the aperture maximum position that cylinder piston rod stretches out the longest position, grasping device; Regulate double-acting cylinder 1 pressure, scalable grasping device aperture; When (3) grasping device clamped, double-acting cylinder 1 was oppositely ventilated, and made the piston rod retraction, and sliding panel 5 moves up, and pull rope 20 is lax, under the elastic-restoring force effect of twisted plate spring skeleton 19, points passive grip objects; (4) through control cylinder pressure change finger bend angle and grasp force, when grasping device meets the requirements to the grasp force that grasps object, keep cylinder pressure constant, grasping device remains on the state of grasping.
From last finding, grasping device of the present invention be a kind of by the pull rope active drive unclamp, the restoring force effect of twisted plate spring and the passive manipulator that grasps, it is relevant with crawled object that compliance shows as the elastic deformation of twisted plate spring.
Claims (1)
1. the present invention relates to the passive grasping device of the pneumatic rope traction twisted plate spring skeleton of a kind of compliance; It is characterized in that: this grasping device tiltedly arranges hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism parts by air cylinder driven five hinges and two twisted plate spring skeleton finger parts are formed; Twisted plate spring skeleton finger parts are fixed on air cylinder driven five hinges through finger periproct (15) and tiltedly arrange on the upper plate (2) of hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism parts, and an end of the pull rope (20) of twisted plate spring skeleton finger parts is fixed on air cylinder driven five hinges and tiltedly arranges on the pull rope holder (6) of hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism parts;
Wherein, air cylinder driven five hinges are tiltedly arranged the composition of hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism parts and are:
The ring flange of double-acting cylinder 1 is through being bolted on the upper plate (2); Upper plate (2) is connected through guide pillar (3) with lower plate (7); Sliding panel (5) between upper plate (2) and the lower plate (7) moves up and down under the guiding of guide pillar (3) through guide pin bushing (4); Guide pin bushing (4) is fixed on the sliding clamp (5) by interference fit, and sliding panel (5) is respectively adorned a pull rope holder (6) about going up; Lower plate (7) goes up perforate, is used for mechanical arm is located and be fixed on to this grasping device; Five hinges are tiltedly arranged in the hyperbolic elbow force-increasing mechanism; Two preceding bearings (8) are separately fixed on the sliding panel (5); Preceding bearing (8) is connected through straight pin (9) with the lower end of front link (10), and the upper end of front link (10) is connected through straight pin (9) with the left lower end of back toggle link (11), and the upper end of back toggle link (11) is connected through straight pin (9) with connecting rod (13); The bottom righthand side of back toggle link (11) is connected through straight pin (9) with rear support (14), about each rear support (14) be fixed on the upper plate (2); The right ends of crosshead (12) is connected through straight pin (9) with two connecting rods (13) respectively, and the threaded portion of the piston rod of double-acting cylinder (1) is spun in the screwed hole at crosshead (12) symmetry middle part;
Wherein, the composition of twisted plate spring skeleton finger parts is:
Finger periproct (15), twisted plate spring skeleton (19), finger cephalomere (21) link together through bolt; Wheel stand (16), wheel bracket (18) are installed on the finger periproct (15), and another wheel bracket (18), guide groove seat (24) are installed on the finger cephalomere (21); The targeting part of the small hinge bearing (23) of small hinge (22) is directed in the T shape guide groove of guide groove seat (24), and small hinge bearing (23) position is adjusted the back and is fixed on the guide groove seat (24) with soket head cap screw; One end of pull rope (20) is fixed on the small hinge (22); Go up and install three guide wheels (17) guiding on the wheel stand (16) through being installed in two wheel brackets (18); The other end of pull rope (20) is fixed on the pull rope holder (6), and pull rope holder (6) is installed on the sliding panel (5).
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CN201210169834.6A CN102689309B (en) | 2012-05-29 | 2012-05-29 | Compliant passive gripper drawn by pneumatic ropes and provided with bent plate spring skeleton |
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