CN102687796B - Method for producing bioprotein feed using tomato pomace - Google Patents
Method for producing bioprotein feed using tomato pomace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102687796B CN102687796B CN2012101834139A CN201210183413A CN102687796B CN 102687796 B CN102687796 B CN 102687796B CN 2012101834139 A CN2012101834139 A CN 2012101834139A CN 201210183413 A CN201210183413 A CN 201210183413A CN 102687796 B CN102687796 B CN 102687796B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method for producing bioprotein feed using tomato pomace. The manufacturing method comprises mixing fermentation materials by mass percent, including 80-85% of tomato pomace, 12-18% of wheat bran, 1-1.5% of urea and 1-1.5% of ammonium nitrate; then preparing a solid fermentation culture medium; inoculating composite microorganism composed of saccharomycetes and mould; fermenting for 48-72 hours; and drying and crushing or granulating the ferment so as to obtain the bioprotein feed... By adopting the tomato pomace to produce the bioprotein feed, the problem that the resource for bioprotein feed is insufficient in China is alleviated, and the investment cost of the feed is saved, so that the economic income of peasants is increased.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method of utilizing tomato pomace to produce biological protein feedstuff.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the development that animal husbandry is produced, the situation that protein feed is in short supply highlights day by day, has become one of bottleneck of restriction China and even world's animal husbandry development.For alleviating the anxiety of domestic protein feed, to meet aquaculture and feed industry to the protein feed resources demand, China all increases for the production of the soybean import of dregs of beans, has reached 3,000 ten thousand tons more than, has even surpassed domestic output.How to develop the task that new protein feed resources is the current urgent solution of China's feed industry.
Tomato pomace is as the catsup processed side product, and national annual production is over 500,000 tons.Bright tomato pomace is produced seasonal strong, moisture large (reaching more than 75%), and easily moldy metamorphism, very easily cause overstocking of tomato pomace, can bring a series of problem of environmental pollutions thus.Moreover bright tomato pomace acidity low (pH is 4.3), contain the ANFs such as tannin, pectin in its composition, after a large amount of feeding animals, easily cause the reduction of livestock and poultry indigestion and production performance.Given this, the application of tomato pomace in herding is produced is restricted.Tomato pomace is as a kind of unconventional feed resource, and its nutritive value is abundant, and crude protein is 16.1% after testing, crude fat 11.6%, and neutral detergent fiber 58.7%, acid detergent fiber 43.1%, can be used as the excellent culture medium that microorganism is fermented.Utilize tomato pomace to produce the preparation method of biological protein feedstuff, research report is less.
Zhao Yunjun, (2011) such as the disconnected diseases of mulberry adopt tomato pomace is fermentation substrate, the Preliminary screening research of bacterial classification of solid fermentation manufacture order cell protein feed that utilized saccharomycete and mould to carry out, find to produce yeast and mold and take well-grown on the culture medium that tomato pomace is main fermentation substrate, candida utili, brewer's yeast, three kinds of single bacterium of candida tropicalis true protein content in the solid fermentation afterproduct have been up to 20.3%, and in aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride and the mould tunning of healthy and free from worry wood, true protein content is all more than 19%.Yeast and mold all can be used as the bacterial classification of further research fermentation tomato pomace manufacture order cell protein feed.
This research is only carried out primary dcreening operation to the tomato pomace fermented bacterium, screen and obtained several target bacterial classifications, the tomato pomace that can be used for being fermented carries out the manufacture order cell protein feed, and do not carry out tomato pomace solid fermentation parameter optimization and zymotechnique discussion, on zymotechnique, be incomplete and jejune.
Summary of the invention
It is in short supply that the present invention is intended to solve traditional protein feeds, provides a kind of tomato pomace that utilizes to produce the method for biological protein feedstuff through the complex microorganism solid fermentation, to reach, turns waste into wealth, and improves feed quality, reduce production costs, and the purpose of environmental contamination reduction.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation method of utilizing tomato pomace to produce biological protein feedstuff, the fermentation raw material adopted is according to mass percent: tomato pomace 80%～85%, after the ratio of wheat bran 12%～18%, urea 1%～1.5%, ammonium nitrate 1%～1.5% is mixed, make the solid fermentation culture medium, after the complex microorganism that inoculation yeast bacterium and mould form, ferment after 48～72 hours, by the described biological protein feedstuff of gained after fermentate drying, pulverizing or particle processed; Complex microorganism refers to by following five strain bacterial classification compatibility gained: candida utili (Candida utilis), geotrichum candidum (Geotrichum candidum), saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae), aspergillus fumigatus (Aspergillus fumigatus); Described tomato pomace is the accessory substance tomato peel after catsup processing factory processing catsup.
Described preparation method, described microorganism candida utili (Candida utilis), the cultural method of geotrichum candidum (Geotrichum candidum), saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae), aspergillus fumigatus (Aspergillus fumigatus) is:
Test tube is cultivated: different bacterial classifications adopts corresponding culture medium, 25～30 ℃ of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24～72 hours; Described yeast bacteria culture medium is 5 ° of B é malt extract mediums: fructus hordei germinatus 100g pulverizes, and puts into the 1000ml beaker, adds water 400～500ml, 60 ℃ of constant temperature culture 4～5 hours, 8 layers of filtered through gauze.Add water 20ml in one piece of egg white, be poured in filtrate after being stirred to a large amount of foams, boil, maintain boiling 5min, 8 layers of filtered through gauze, obtain the clarification brewer's wort, and saccharous detector is measured pol, and is diluted to 5 °, and 112.6 ℃ of sterilizing 30min, be stored in 4 ℃ of refrigerators standby.While making solid medium, add 2% agar powder, 112.6 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, get final product; Described mould medium is the potato glucose culture medium: remove potato 200 grams of skin, be cut into small pieces, add 1000 milliliters, water and boil 30 minutes, the elimination potato ball, complement to 1000 milliliters by filtrate, adds glucose 20 grams, 112.6 ℃ sterilizing 30 minutes, be stored in 4 ℃ of refrigerators standby.While making solid medium, add 2% agar powder, 112.6 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, get final product;
The candida utili of cultivating through test tube, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus fumigatus proceed to respectively the 1000ml shaking flask, put the permanent shaking table of constant temperature and cultivate, and temperature is 25～30 ℃, and rotating speed is 150～180 rev/mins, and incubation time is 48～96 hours;
The candida utili of cultivating through shaking flask, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus fumigatus pro rata 5～10% inoculum concentrations respectively are pressed into respectively seed tank culture, 25～30 ℃ of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24～48 hours;
Gained candida utili after seed tank culture, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus fumigatus respectively by weight proportion 5～10% inoculum concentrations be linked into fermentation tank and cultivated, cultivation temperature is 25～30 ℃, and incubation time is 48～72 hours, is bacteria suspension.
Described preparation method, candida utili through fermentation tank culture, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus fumigatus suspension are pressed respectively 1.0～2.0: 1.0～2.0: 0.5～1.0: 1.0～2.0: 1.0～2.0 volume ratio mixing, obtain described complex microorganism; Described complex microorganism is pressed 1～3% inoculum concentration of fermentation raw material weight, through sterilizing wheat bran carrier, makes the solids mixing microbial inoculum; Described solids mixing microbial inoculum, with after tomato pomace, ammonium nitrate and urea mix, carries out solid fermentation, and piling height is controlled at 50～80 centimetres; 25～30 ℃ of fermentation temperatures, when fermentation temperature rises to 40～46 ℃, and have denser sour fragrance, and fermentation stops, and fermentation time is 48～72 hours; The gained tunning, with after the drying machine drying, is controlled moisture and is less than 13%, and dried material, after pulverizing or granulating, is become to microbial protein feed.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) tomato peel of the annual generation of tomato in China sauce processing factory, because seasonality is strong, could not extensively and effectively be utilized, and this is the waste of resource, the pollution that brings again environment.Produce the tomato pomace biological protein feedstuff by carrying out solid microbe fermentation technology, technique has certain effect to development grain-saving type animal husbandry and reduction environmental pollution.
(2) in recent years, the situation that protein feed is in short supply highlights day by day, has become one of bottleneck of restriction China and even world's animal husbandry development.Utilize tomato pomace to produce biological protein feedstuff, both be conducive to alleviate the problem of China's protein feed resources anxiety, can also save the feed input cost, improve the peasant economy income.
(3) the present invention's bacterial classification used is generally acknowledged useful bacterial strain, crude protein and true albumen in tunning are obviously improved, crude protein has reached 31%, true albumen has reached 22%, utilize the abundant enzyme system of microorganism that the large molecular nutrition substance decomposition of plant complexity is become to small-molecule substance simultaneously, increase the useful metabolites such as tunning Small Peptides, amino acid, vitamin and enzyme, improved the nutritive value of tunning.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Example 1:
(1) bacterial classification and source
Candida utili (Candida utilis), geotrichum candidum (Geotrichum candidum), saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae), aspergillus fumigatus (Aspergillus fumigatus), bacterial classification is all bought in Chinese industrial microorganism fungus kind preservation center.
(2) preparation of complex microorganism
Spread cultivation-seed tank culture-fermentation tank culture of original seed test tube activation-triangular flask.
Described yeast bacteria (candida utili, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae) culture medium is 5 ° of B é malt extract mediums: fructus hordei germinatus 100g pulverizes, and puts into the 1000ml beaker, adds water 400～500ml, 60 ℃ of constant temperature culture 4～5 hours, 8 layers of filtered through gauze.Add water 20ml in one piece of egg white, be poured in filtrate after being stirred to a large amount of foams, boil, maintain boiling 5min, 8 layers of filtered through gauze, obtain the clarification brewer's wort, and saccharous detector is measured pol, and is diluted to 5 °, and 112.6 ℃ of sterilizing 30min, be stored in 4 ℃ of refrigerators standby.While making solid medium, add 2% agar powder, 112.6 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, get final product.
Described mould (aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus fumigatus) culture medium is the potato glucose culture medium: potato 200 grams of removing skin, be cut into small pieces, adding 1000 milliliters, water boils 30 minutes, the elimination potato ball, filtrate is complemented to 1000 milliliters, add glucose 20 grams, 112.6 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, be stored in 4 ℃ of refrigerators standby.While making solid medium, add 2% agar powder, 112.6 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, get final product.
The candida utili of cultivating through test tube, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus fumigatus proceed to respectively the 1000ml shaking flask, put the permanent shaking table of constant temperature and cultivate, and temperature is 25～30 ℃, and rotating speed is 150～180 rev/mins, and incubation time is 48～96 hours; The candida utili of cultivating through shaking flask, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus fumigatus 5～10% inoculum concentrations are by weight proportion respectively accessed respectively seed tank culture, 25～30 ℃ of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24～48 hours; Gained candida utili after seed tank culture, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus fumigatus respectively by weight proportion 5～10% inoculum concentrations be linked into fermentation tank and cultivated, cultivation temperature is 25～30 ℃, and incubation time is 48～72 hours, is bacteria suspension.
Cultivate gained bacterial classification candida utili, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus fumigatus suspension respectively by 1: 1: 1 through three grades: the volume ratio of 1: 1 mixes, and obtains described complex microorganism.
(5) preparation of fermentation raw material
Fermentation raw material comprises according to weight percent meter: bright tomato pomace accounts for 80%, and the auxiliary material wheat bran accounts for 18%, urea 1% and ammonium nitrate 1%.
(6) bacterial classification inoculation and preparation technology's flow process
Described complex microorganism is made solids mixing microbial inoculum through the sterilizing wheat bran through conventional carrier technology carrier by the inoculum concentration of fermentation raw material weight 1%.
After solids mixing microbial inoculum and bright tomato pomace, ammonium nitrate and urea are stirred, carry out solid fermentation, the solid fermentation piling height is 50cm, fermentation time 48～72h, fermentation temperature is 25～30 ℃, when fermentation temperature rises to 40～46 ℃, and denser sour fragrance is arranged, fermentation ends.
Tunning is adopted with after the drying machine oven dry, control moisture and be less than 13%, dried material, after pulverizing or granulating, is become to microbial protein feed.In product, crude protein content reaches 29%, and true albumen reaches 20%.
Example 2:
(1) bacterial classification and source: identical with example 1.
(2) complex microorganism preparation: candida utili, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus fumigatus suspension are respectively in 1: 1: 0.5: the ratio of 2.0: 2.0 is mixed, and obtains the complex microorganism bacteria suspension.Other are identical with example 1.
(3) preparation of fermentation raw material: bright tomato pomace accounts for 85%, and in auxiliary material, wheat bran accounts for 12%, urea 1.5% and ammonium nitrate 1.5%.
(4) bacterial classification inoculation and preparation technology's flow process
Described complex microorganism is made solids mixing microbial inoculum through the sterilizing wheat bran through conventional carrier technology carrier by the inoculum concentration of raw material weight 3%.
After solids mixing microbial inoculum and bright tomato pomace, ammonium nitrate and urea are stirred, carry out solid fermentation, the solid fermentation piling height is 80cm, fermentation time 48～72h, fermentation temperature is 25～30 ℃, when fermentation temperature rises to 40～46 ℃, and denser sour fragrance is arranged, fermentation ends.
After tunning is adopted to the drying machine drying, control moisture and be less than 13%, dried material, after pulverizing or granulating, is become to microbial protein feed.In product, crude protein content reaches 31%, and true albumen reaches 22%.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a preparation method of utilizing tomato pomace to produce biological protein feedstuff, it is characterized in that, the fermentation raw material adopted is according to mass percent: tomato pomace 80%～85%, after the ratio of wheat bran 12%～18%, urea 1%～1.5%, ammonium nitrate 1%～1.5% is mixed, make the solid fermentation culture medium, after the complex microorganism that inoculation yeast bacterium and mould form, after fermenting 48～72 hours, by the described biological protein feedstuff of gained after fermentate drying, pulverizing or particle processed; Complex microorganism refers to by following five strain bacterial classification compatibility gained: candida utili (Candida utilis), geotrichum candidum (Geotrichum candidum), saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae), aspergillus fumigatus (Aspergillus fumigatus); Described tomato pomace is the accessory substance tomato peel after catsup processing factory processing catsup; The cultural method of described microorganism candida utili (Candida utilis), geotrichum candidum (Geotrichum candidum), saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae), aspergillus fumigatus (Aspergillus fumigatus) is:
Test tube is cultivated: different bacterial classifications adopts corresponding culture medium, 25～30 ℃ of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24～72 hours; Described yeast bacteria culture medium is 5 ° of B é malt extract mediums: fructus hordei germinatus 100g pulverizes, and puts into the 1000ml beaker, adds water 400～500ml, 60 ℃ of constant temperature culture 4～5 hours, 8 layers of filtered through gauze; Add water 20ml in one piece of egg white, be poured in filtrate after being stirred to a large amount of foams, boil, maintain boiling 5min, 8 layers of filtered through gauze, obtain the clarification brewer's wort, and saccharous detector is measured pol, and is diluted to 5 °, and 112.6 ℃ of sterilizing 30min, be stored in 4 ℃ of refrigerators standby; While making solid medium, add 2% agar powder, 112.6 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, get final product; Described mould medium is the potato glucose culture medium: remove potato 200 grams of skin, be cut into small pieces, add 1000 milliliters, water and boil 30 minutes, the elimination potato ball, complement to 1000 milliliters by filtrate, adds glucose 20 grams, 112.6 ℃ sterilizing 30 minutes, be stored in 4 ℃ of refrigerators standby; While making solid medium, add 2% agar powder, 112.6 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, get final product;
Candida utili, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and the aspergillus fumigatus through test tube, cultivated proceed to respectively the 1000ml shaking flask, put constant-temperature table and cultivate, and temperature is 25～30 ℃, and rotating speed is 150～180 rev/mins, and incubation time is 48～96 hours;
Candida utili, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and the aspergillus fumigatus of cultivating through shaking flask 5～10% inoculum concentrations by weight proportion respectively accessed respectively seed tank culture, 25～30 ℃ of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24～48 hours;
After seed tank culture gained candida utili, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus fumigatus respectively by weight proportion 5～10% inoculum concentrations be linked into fermentation tank and cultivated, cultivation temperature is 25～30 ℃, incubation time is 48～72 hours, is bacteria suspension;
Candida utili, geotrichum candidum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus fumigatus suspension through fermentation tank culture mix by the volume ratio of 1.0～2.0:1.0～2.0:0.5～1.0:1.0～2.0:1.0～2.0 respectively, obtain described complex microorganism; Described complex microorganism is pressed 1～3% inoculum concentration of fermentation raw material weight, through sterilizing wheat bran carrier, makes the solids mixing microbial inoculum; Described solids mixing microbial inoculum, with after tomato pomace, ammonium nitrate and urea mix, carries out solid fermentation, and piling height is controlled at 50～80 centimetres; 25～30 ℃ of fermentation temperatures, when fermentation temperature rises to 40～46 ℃, and have denser sour fragrance, and fermentation stops, and fermentation time is 48～72 hours; The gained tunning, with after the drying machine drying, is controlled moisture and is less than 13%, and dried material, after pulverizing or granulating, is become to microbial protein feed.
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| CN106566857A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-04-19 | 武威传森生物技术有限公司 | Process for producing yeast protein from peel residues generated in whole potato flour production process |
| CN108041277A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 重庆昇顺科技有限公司 | A kind of duckweed protein feed producing method |
| CN112358334A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-12 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Vegetable waste decomposing microbial inoculum, use method thereof and prepared organic matrix |
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| US6156355A (en) * | 1998-11-02 | 2000-12-05 | Star-Kist Foods, Inc. | Breed-specific canine food formulations |
| CN1480057A (en) * | 2003-06-10 | 2004-03-10 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for transforming potato pulp to feedstuff with high protein |
| CN101912040A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2010-12-15 | 新疆天物科技发展有限公司 | Tomato pomace biological fermentation feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN102396644A (en) * | 2010-11-27 | 2012-04-04 | 新疆泰昆集团股份有限公司 | Bio-fermented component vegetable protein and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6156355A (en) * | 1998-11-02 | 2000-12-05 | Star-Kist Foods, Inc. | Breed-specific canine food formulations |
| CN1480057A (en) * | 2003-06-10 | 2004-03-10 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for transforming potato pulp to feedstuff with high protein |
| CN101912040A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2010-12-15 | 新疆天物科技发展有限公司 | Tomato pomace biological fermentation feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN102396644A (en) * | 2010-11-27 | 2012-04-04 | 新疆泰昆集团股份有限公司 | Bio-fermented component vegetable protein and preparation method thereof |
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