CN102683868B - Metamaterial imaging system - Google Patents
Metamaterial imaging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102683868B CN102683868B CN201110061803.4A CN201110061803A CN102683868B CN 102683868 B CN102683868 B CN 102683868B CN 201110061803 A CN201110061803 A CN 201110061803A CN 102683868 B CN102683868 B CN 102683868B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metamaterial imaging system. The metamaterial imaging system comprises a first metamaterial lens, an area to be imaged and a second metamaterial lens in sequence from an emission source to a receiving antenna, wherein the first metamaterial lens and the second metamaterial lens have a section respectively, the product of an equivalent dielectric constant epsilon and equivalent magnetic conductivity mu of each unit in the middle of the section is the maximum value, the values of the products of equivalent dielectric constants epsilon and equivalent magnetic conductivity mu of other units are in a gradual increase trend and approach to the unit with the maximum value, electromagnetic waves emitted by the emission source are converged by the first metamaterial lens and then input into the area to be imaged, the converged electromagnetic waves are scattered into the second metamaterial lens by the area to be imaged, and the scattered electromagnetic waves are converged by the second metamaterial lens and then output to the receiving antenna for imaging. The metamaterial imaging system is small in volume, simple, easy to realize and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical field, more particularly, relate to a kind of Meta Materials imaging system.
Background technology
At present, for convergence electromagnetic wave imaging, convex lens are utilized, in optics, utilizing convex lens to converge electromagnetism wave energy makes object in the opposite side imaging of convex lens, and we know, object is placed on outside concave lens focus, at the real image that convex lens opposite side becomes to stand upside down, real image have reduce, etc. large, amplify three kinds.Object distance is less, and image distance is larger, and real image is larger.Object is placed within concave lens focus, becomes the virtual image of upright amplification in convex lens the same side.Object distance is less, and image distance is less, and the virtual image is less.
Convex lens are realize electromagnetic convergence by the refraction of the spherical shape of convex lens to electromagnetic convergence, this method to obtain high-resolution image with regard to needing to manufacture high-precision convergence convex lens, design dumb, volume is comparatively large, not easily realize from processing technology and the medium of convex lens is easy to aging.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, the convex lens design realizing electromagnetic convergence for prior art is dumb, cost is high and the medium easily defect such as aging, provide a kind of simple, be easy to the Meta Materials imaging system that realizes and cost is low.
The present invention solves the first technical scheme that its technical problem adopts: a kind of Meta Materials imaging system, the first Meta Materials lens are comprised successively from emission source to reception antenna, region to be imaged and the second Meta Materials lens, all there is a section in described first Meta Materials lens and the second Meta Materials lens, the effective dielectric constant ε of each unit in middle part and the product of equivalent permeability μ of described section are peak, the effective dielectric constant ε of other each unit and equivalent permeability μ product value are from small to large in gradual change trend, and, gradual change trend described in it is to the unit convergence at described peak place, the electromagnetic wave of object emission inputs to described region to be imaged after the first described Meta Materials lens converge, described region to be imaged by the electromagnetic wave converged again scattering enter the second described Meta Materials lens, described reception antenna imaging is exported to after the second described Meta Materials lens converge the electromagnetic wave of described scattering.
In Meta Materials imaging system of the present invention, described Meta Materials is made up of plate shape substrates, and each plate shape substrates is all attached with multiple man-made microstructure, and all people make micro-structural and form periodic array in space.
In Meta Materials imaging system of the present invention, described Meta Materials is formed by multiple plate shape substrates is stacking, and described all people make the periodic array of micro-structural in space in uniformity.
In Meta Materials imaging system of the present invention, when base material is selected, obtain by changing the pattern of man-made microstructure, design size and/or man-made microstructure arrangement in space the effective dielectric constant ε and equivalent permeability μ that want.
In Meta Materials imaging system of the present invention, described plate shape substrates is obtained by ceramic material, epoxy resin or polytetrafluoroethylene.
In Meta Materials imaging system of the present invention, described each man-made microstructure is the figuratum metal wire be attached on plate shape substrates of a tool, and described pattern is the derivative type of " work " font or " work " font.
In Meta Materials imaging system of the present invention, described metal wire by etching, plating, bore quarters, photoetching, electronics carve or ion quarter method be attached on plate shape substrates.
In Meta Materials imaging system of the present invention, described metal wire is copper cash or silver-colored line.
Implement Meta Materials imaging system of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect:
1. volume is little, does not take too much space;
2. simply, be easy to realization, low cost, by Meta Materials, electromagnetic wave converged, do not rely on kind and the shape of electromagnetic wave convergence equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of Meta Materials imaging system of first embodiment of the invention block diagram;
Fig. 2 is a kind of electromagnetic wave convergence metamaterial structure schematic diagram in first embodiment of the invention;
The name that in figure, each label is corresponding is called:
1 base material, 2 man-made microstructure, 10 emission sources, 11 plate shape substrates, 20 first Meta Materials lens, 30 regions to be imaged, 40 second Meta Materials lens, 50 reception antennas, 100 Meta Materials imaging systems.
Embodiment
By describing technology contents of the present invention, structural feature in detail, realized object and effect, accompanying drawing is coordinated to be explained in detail below in conjunction with execution mode.
" Meta Materials " refers to some artificial composite structures with the extraordinary physical property not available for natural material or composite material.By the structurally ordered design on the key physical yardstick of material, the restriction of some apparent natural law can be broken through, thus obtain the meta-materials function exceeding the intrinsic common character of nature.Three key characters that " Meta Materials " is important:
(1) " Meta Materials " normally has the composite material of novel artificial structure;
(2) " Meta Materials " has extraordinary physical property (often in natural material not available);
(3) intrinsic properties of " Meta Materials " character often not major decision and constituent material, and be decided by artificial structure wherein.
Refer to Fig. 1, in example of the present invention, a kind of Meta Materials imaging system 100, comprising: the first Meta Materials lens 20, region to be imaged 30 and the second Meta Materials lens 40.As seen from Figure 1, the electromagnetic wave that emission source 10 sends converges and inputs to region 30 to be imaged after the first Meta Materials lens 20, region 30 to be imaged again scattering enters after scattered light converges by the second Meta Materials lens 40, second Meta Materials lens 40 to be input to reception antenna 50 imaging again.
From common practise, the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε of electromagnetic refractive index material and the product reaction of magnetic permeability μ have relation, when a branch of electromagnetic wave by a kind of Medium Propagation to another medium time, electromagnetic wave can reflect, and the larger position deviation angle of refractive index is larger, when the refraction index profile of material inside is non-homogeneous, electromagnetic wave will to the larger position deviation of refractive index ratio, by changing refractive index distribution in the material, electromagnetic wave propagation path can be changed.
Meta Materials can to electric field or magnetic field, or both carry out corresponding simultaneously.The response of electric field is depended on to the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε of Meta Materials, and the response in magnetic field is depended on to the magnetic permeability μ of Meta Materials.By to the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε of every bit in Meta Materials space and the accurate control of magnetic permeability μ, we can realize by Meta Materials electromagnetic convergence.
The electromagnetic parameter even or distribution heterogeneous in space of Meta Materials is one of key character of Meta Materials.The electromagnetic parameter a kind of special shape be uniformly distributed as non-uniform Distribution in space, but its concrete property, remain and determined by the characteristic of the unit structure arranged in space.Therefore, by the characteristic of each structure arranged in design space, the electromagnetic property of whole Novel meta-material every bit in space just can be designed.This electromagnetic material system will have numerous Strange properties, can play special guiding function to electromagnetic wave propagation.
Refer to Fig. 2, as one embodiment of the present of invention, the plate shape substrates 11 that first Meta Materials lens 20 are made up of base material 1 and some artificial metal's micro-structurals 2 of being attached to base material 1 is made, in Fig. 2, multiple plate shape substrates 11 stacking formation first Meta Materials lens 20, each plate shape substrates 11 is all attached with multiple man-made microstructure 2, and all people make micro-structural 2 and form periodic array in space.Preferably, all people make the periodic array of micro-structural 2 in space in uniformity, and man-made microstructure 2 is artificial metal micro structure, so that efficiently electromagnetic field responds, second Meta Materials lens 40 are identical with principle with the structure of the second Meta Materials lens 20, do not repeated.
In Fig. 2, described first Meta Materials lens 20 are actually stacking along the direction of plane perpendicular by multiple plate shape substrates 11.Therefore, its side can only be seen in Fig. 2.We can be clearly seen that the first Meta Materials lens 20 are formed with certain thickness square objects by multiple plate shape substrates 11 is stacking.Actual when doing product, can also encapsulate it, make externally less than man-made microstructure.
Whole first Meta Materials lens 20 can be divided into multiple unit by us, can be identical with " lattice " size, each unit has a man-made microstructure, whole first Meta Materials lens 20 are exactly be composed of multiple units, each unit can produce response to the electromagnetic wave by it, thus affect the refractive index of the plane electromagnetic wave propagated wherein, and after a special time t, electromagnetic refraction is subject to additive effect, thus make described electromagnetic wave after the t time, leave Meta Materials compared with the direction of originally propagating, gradually draw close to middle part, achieve electromagnetic convergence.
Realize the effect of electromagnetic wave convergence, then need there is a section in the first Meta Materials lens 20, this section has an each unit refractive index in place to be peak, other everywhere adjacent refractive index is from small to large in increase tendency gradually, and it is close to the position at peak place, preferably, in the middle part of the position that Meta Materials 20 is relative with region 10 to be imaged, the effective dielectric constant ε of each unit and the product of equivalent permeability μ are peak, other effective dielectric constant ε everywhere and equivalent permeability μ product value are from small to large in gradual change trend, and, gradual change trend described in it is to each unit position convergence at described peak place, based on this, when electromagnetic wave beam is by the first above-mentioned Meta Materials lens 20, position to described peak place reflects, gradually the position to peak place is converged.
First Meta Materials lens 20 are a kind of to be elementary cell with man-made microstructure 2 and to carry out spatial arrangement in a specific way, has the new material of special electromagnetic response, comprises the man-made microstructure 2 that is made up of the wire with certain pattern form and the base material 1 accompanying by man-made microstructure.A generation effective dielectric constant and magnetic permeability are in space understood in the superposition of this bi-material, and these two physical parameters distinguish electric field response and the magnetic responsiveness of correspondence material monolithic.The feature of the first Meta Materials lens 20 pairs of electromagnetic responses determined by the feature of man-made microstructure 2, and the electromagnetic response of metal structure unit depends on the topological characteristic that its pattern wiry has and " lattice " size to a great extent.
The concept of " lattice " is from solid-state physics, and " lattice " here refers to the size in the first Meta Materials lens 20 shared by each metal structure unit." lattice " size depends on the wave frequency that metal structure unit needs respond, usual metal structure unit is of a size of 1/10th of the electromagnetic wavelength of required response, otherwise the arrangement be made up of metal structure unit in space can not be regarded as in space continuously.
Some artificial man-made microstructure 2 are by being realized by artificial technology, can be designed by the artificial man-made microstructure to having certain electric magnetic characteristic, man-made microstructure 2 with the effective dielectric constant ε of base material in occupied " lattice " and the system of selection of equivalent permeability μ is:
The first step, by Computer Simulation and experiment test, cellular construction (comprising man-made microstructure and the medium substrate) electromagnetic property within the specific limits of some various geometric is measured, store and measure the electromagnetic response curve that obtains, determine the dielectric constant of various different cellular construction and magnetic permeability and be present in a database;
Second step, deflection refractive index as required determines corresponding dielectric constant and magnetic permeability, require: the product of dielectric constant and magnetic permeability exists a peak, other dielectric constant and the product of magnetic permeability, in variation tendency from small to large, level off to peak;
3rd step, selects the cellular construction of Meta Materials respective point from database according to above-mentioned dielectric constant and magnetic permeability.
In the present invention, to the concrete pattern not requirement of man-made microstructure 2, as long as because it meets our final modulation effect, namely feasible, generally, it is cyclic array that all people make micro-structural, preferably, all people make the cycle battle array of micro-structural in space in uniformity.Man-made microstructure 2 can be " work " font, and " king " font etc., Given this, the combination of man-made microstructure 2 in metamaterial space modulator is unlimited.The pattern that can be man-made microstructure is identical, but its design size is different; Also can be that pattern is all not identical with design size.This according to specific needs can be different, it is all the result after Computer Simulation, that is in whole metamaterial space modulator, the pattern of man-made microstructure, design size and spatial arrangement all obtain by computer is reverse, because the substantial amounts of man-made microstructure in whole metamaterial space modulator, if therefore Top-Down Design, cannot realize at all.
Those skilled in the art should expect, above-mentioned method realizes by the method for software program, and this software program may reside in hard disk, floppy disk, USB flash disk and CD.
Described base material 1 of the present invention can be obtained by ceramic material, epoxy resin or polytetrafluoroethylene.As an embodiment, select polytetrafluoroethylene to make base material 1, the electrical insulating property of polytetrafluoroethylene is very good, therefore interference can not be produced to electromagnetic electric field, and there is excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, long service life, the base material adhered to as man-made microstructure 2 is good selection, as an embodiment, described metal wire is copper cash or silver-colored line, copper conducts electricity very well with silver, sensitiveer to the response of electric field, metal wire by etching, plating, bore quarters, photoetching, electronics carve or particle quarter method be attached on plate shape substrates.
The lens that the present invention utilizes Meta Materials to come in alternative conventional lenses antenna, have following Advantageous Effects:
1. volume is little, does not take too much space;
2. simply, be easy to realization, low cost, by Meta Materials, electromagnetic wave converged, do not rely on electromagnetic wave convergence equipment as the kind of convex lens and shape.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; instead of it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; do not departing under the ambit that present inventive concept and claim protect, also can make a lot of form, these all belong within protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a Meta Materials imaging system, it is characterized in that, the first Meta Materials optical lens is comprised successively from emission source to reception antenna, region to be imaged and the second Meta Materials optical lens, all there is a section in described first Meta Materials optical lens and the second Meta Materials optical lens, the effective dielectric constant ε of each unit in middle part and the product of equivalent permeability μ of described section are peak, the effective dielectric constant ε of other each unit and equivalent permeability μ product value are from small to large in gradual change trend, and, gradual change trend described in it is to the unit convergence at described peak place, the electromagnetic wave of object emission inputs to described region to be imaged after the first described Meta Materials optical lens converges, described region to be imaged by the electromagnetic wave converged again scattering enter the second described Meta Materials optical lens, described reception antenna imaging is exported to after the second described Meta Materials optical lens converges the electromagnetic wave of described scattering, wherein, described Meta Materials is made up of plate shape substrates, and each plate shape substrates is all attached with multiple man-made microstructure, and all people make micro-structural and form periodic array in space,
Described each man-made microstructure is the figuratum metal wire be attached on plate shape substrates of a tool, and described pattern is derivative type or " king " font of " work " font or " work " font.
2. Meta Materials imaging system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Meta Materials is formed by multiple plate shape substrates is stacking, and described all people make the periodic array of micro-structural in space in uniformity.
3. Meta Materials imaging system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, when base material is selected, obtain by changing the pattern of man-made microstructure, design size and/or man-made microstructure arrangement in space the effective dielectric constant ε and equivalent permeability μ that want.
4. Meta Materials imaging system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described plate shape substrates is obtained by ceramic material, epoxy resin or polytetrafluoroethylene.
5. Meta Materials imaging system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described metal wire by etching, plating, bore quarters, photoetching, electronics carve or ion quarter method be attached on plate shape substrates.
6. Meta Materials imaging system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described metal wire is copper cash or silver-colored line.
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| CN201110061803.4A CN102683868B (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-03-15 | Metamaterial imaging system |
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| CN201110061803.4A CN102683868B (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-03-15 | Metamaterial imaging system |
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| CN110783713B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-11-24 | 佛山市粤海信通讯有限公司 | Electromagnetic wave lens, antenna and antenna array |
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| CN1254448A (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 2000-05-24 | 阿尔卡塔尔公司 | Antenna system for nonsynchronous satellite group terminal |
| CN1642071A (en) * | 2005-01-10 | 2005-07-20 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Quantum key multi-channel transmission method |
| CN101587990A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-11-25 | 东南大学 | Broad band cylindrical lens antenna based on artificial electromagnetic materials |
| CN101699659A (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-04-28 | 东南大学 | Lens antenna |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1254448A (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 2000-05-24 | 阿尔卡塔尔公司 | Antenna system for nonsynchronous satellite group terminal |
| CN1642071A (en) * | 2005-01-10 | 2005-07-20 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Quantum key multi-channel transmission method |
| CN101587990A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-11-25 | 东南大学 | Broad band cylindrical lens antenna based on artificial electromagnetic materials |
| CN101699659A (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-04-28 | 东南大学 | Lens antenna |
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