CN102682560A - Method and device for assessing level of fire interlock alarming in ship cabin - Google Patents
Method and device for assessing level of fire interlock alarming in ship cabin Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for assessing levels of fire interlock alarming in a ship cabin. The method comprises the following steps that: 1) a central fire alarm control unit acquires fire situation information obtained by temperature sensing detectors and smoke sensing detectors which are in all ship cabins and adjacent to the ship cabin in which fire breaks out; 2) the central fire alarm control unit reads danger level information of the fire in the ship cabin; 3) the fire situation information obtained by the temperature sensing detectors and the smoke sensing detectors and the danger level information of the fire in the ship cabin are subjected to normalized pre-processing; and 4) processed data are sent to a fuzzy reasoning module to be subjected to fuzzy reasoning, so that a level assessment result of the fire interlock alarming in the ship cabin is obtained. On the basis of no increase of additional detection equipment and no addition of cost, information data from different types of detectors in all the ship cabins and danger level information data of the fire are analyzed and processed by using a fuzzy reasoning system; the alarming level information in each ship cabin is rapidly and correctly given, the correctness, the leading and the comprehensiveness of the interlock alarming of the ship cabin can be realized as far as possible, and serious fire accidents caused by omission of the fire situation information of the ship cabin are reduced.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of automatic fire alarm method, is specifically related to a kind of fire disaster intelligently alarm method, chain alarm level appraisal procedure of particularly a kind of ship's space fire based on fuzzy control and device.
Background technology
Along with development of science and technology, marine industry is greatly developed in countries in the world, and boats and ships have become the focus that people pay attention to as seaborne important tool.Because the modern ships environment is comparatively complicated; The space, cabin is narrow and small on the ship, plant equipment is laid closely, the transportation of gas and liquid and circuit-line are complicated, so when the breaking out of fire of certain regional certain cabin, adjacent cabin must be involved; If in time do not find the condition of a fire; Along with the intensity of a fire grows in intensity, can spread to several cabins through wall or interconnective ventilating duct, oil gas transport pipeline, cable etc., it is on fire to cause linksystem; Thereby boats and ships main body and personal security have been constituted huge threat, and its fire hazard degree and the loss that possibly cause will be far longer than the common buildings fire.
At present, China is comprehensive not enough to understanding how effectively to control and handle ship fire, just is in the stage of macroscopic view and experience, and lacks a complete ship fire safety assessment system.Trended towards the research of intelligent fire alarm system both at home and abroad in recent years; As the control method and the many warnings parameter information fusion technology that utilize neural network to combine with fuzzy system design intelligent fire detector; This detector not only has certain self study and adaptivity; Also have certain reliability, can effectively reduce the rate of false alarm of detector.In addition, artificial intelligence and interaction technique are also adopted by increasing intelligent fire alarm system, and these have all become the forward position and the core technology of fire alarm system.Yet the intelligent trend of present fire alarm system just focuses on the accurate judgement of detector to the condition of a fire, reduces wrong report and fails to report frequency; Improve system response sensitivity; The fire-fighting equipment startup is rapid etc., is main and ignored fire protection alarm system with " preventing ", is the importance of assisting with " disappearing ".The cabin is the important component part of boats and ships; When the breaking out of fire of certain cabin, according to the cabin fire characteristics, the cabin fire spreading is rapid; It is on fire to be prone to cause linksystem; Consequence is hardly imaginable, so should consider the relevance between each cabin emphatically, the research fire alarm system is crucial to the reliably chain accurately alarm technique in cabin.
When the breaking out of fire of certain cabin; Warning system not only will obtain information such as the accurate position, fire parameter, alert levels in this cabin; Also should gather the environmental information and the condition of a fire information of closing on the cabin around it simultaneously, comprehensive intensity of a fire development and the alarm level information of judging these cabins of making a strategic decision out.Can not only remedy the functional defect of ship fire warning system aspect chain controlling alarm like this, can also and start corresponding interlock fire-fighting equipment for the later stage warning and lay the foundation.
The following requirement of ship fire warning system then is not only will be realized the accurate of the chain warning in cabin; The corresponding fire prevention means of also should making a strategic decision out on this basis and interlock fire extinguishing action; The fire that could increase warning system is like this differentiated and the precision of controlling; Effectively reduce and fail to report, report by mistake frequency, make the more perfect function, efficient of ship fire warning system, more can embody intellectuality and hommization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of accurate, chain alarm level information in timely, reliable cabin that is used to obtain; Leading cabin condition of a fire information alarm; Can be the time of later stage fire extinguishing saves valuable, avoid the related chain alarm level appraisal procedure of ship's space fire that boats and ships and personnel is caused heavy losses on fire in cabin.The present invention also aims to provide a kind of ship's space fire chain alarm level apparatus for evaluating.
The chain alarm level appraisal procedure of ship's space fire of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) central fire alarm control unit collection each cabin temperature-sensitive adjacent, the condition of a fire information that smoke detector obtains with the breaking out of fire cabin;
2) central fire alarm control unit reads cabin fire hazard class information; Said cabin fire hazard class information is to be factor with the quantity of ship's space combustible and characteristic, the ventilation state in cabin, fire-fighting system state; Said factor is concluded and quantize; And, be used for weighing the size of cabin fire risk according to the non-linear synthetic index of generalized index system;
3) condition of a fire information and the cabin fire hazard class information temperature-sensitive, smoke detector obtained are carried out the normalization pre-service;
4) data are after treatment delivered to the fuzzy reasoning module and carry out fuzzy reasoning, thereby obtain the chain alarm level assessment result of cabin fire.
The formation of the chain alarm level apparatus for evaluating of ship's space fire of the present invention comprises signal acquisition module, signal pre-processing module, obfuscation module, fuzzy reasoning judging module and the defuzzification module of each cabin fire alarm key element; Condition of a fire information that each cabin heat detector of signal acquisition module collection, smoke detector obtain and cabin fire hazard rating information; Signal pre-processing module carries out pre-service to said information, is normalized in [0,1] scope; The fuzzy reasoning module is at first carried out obfuscation to input quantity and output quantity; Set up the fuzzy set on the domain; The design membership function carries out conversion to the input and output amount, and next sets up fuzzy control rule table; Generate inputoutput list at last, obtained the fuzzy set of fire chain alarm level in cabin on the identification domain according to input; The defuzzification module is carried out defuzzification, obtains net result.
Described membership function is a Triangleshape grade of membership function.
Said fuzzy rule form is: IF (satisfying a set condition) THEN (releasing one group of conclusion).
In order to solve the defective of ship fire warning system on the chain warning function in cabin; The present invention proposes the chain alarm level appraisal procedure of a kind of ship's space fire based on fuzzy control; The present invention carries out analyzing and processing through fuzzy inference system to the data of the fire hazard rating information of each cabin variety classes detector information and cabin own on the basis that need not increase unnecessary detecting devices and cost; Provide each cabin alarm level information rapidly and accurately; Strive for accomplishing the accuracy, advanced and comprehensive of the chain warning in cabin, reduce because the fire disaster accident that condition of a fire information omission in cabin causes.
Test process of the present invention MATLAB capable of using and VC++ hybrid programming are realized combining of Intelligent Fusion algorithm and visualization interface, and to the checking that experimentizes of the performance of system, step is following:
The chain alarm level test and appraisal of cabin fire of design visualization interface under the VC++ environment; Add four edit boxes in the interface; Three are used to import temperature-sensitive, smoke detector alerting signal and cabin fire hazard rank through pretreated data message, and another is used to show the chain alarm level assessment result of cabin fire information, adds a fuzzy reasoning order button; Behind three alarm parameters of input, click this button, just show the chain alarm level information of this cabin fire.
Technique effect of the present invention is: central fire alarm control unit collection cabin warning message is gathered its adjacent chamber's condition of a fire information simultaneously; Embodied the chain controlling alarm thought of fire alarm system; And utilize and obtained reliably cabin alarm level information accurately based on the chain alarm level appraisal procedure of the ship's space fire of fuzzy control; Enlarged related alarm range, improved the control accuracy of system, comprehensive, advanced, accuracy that has realized that the ship fire warning system reports to the police and reliability; Reached the purpose that reduces wrong report, rate of failing to report, effectively having reduced the cabin, that linksystem possibly take place is on fire and cause the probability of boats and ships heavy losses.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the chain controlling alarm process flow diagram in ship fire automatic alarm system cabin of using the chain alarm level appraisal procedure of ship's space fire of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the chain alarm level evaluating system of the ship's space fire structural drawing based on fuzzy control of realizing the chain alarm level appraisal procedure of ship's space fire of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a triangle subordinate function curve.
Embodiment
For example the present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
The present invention be directed to the chain controlling alarm in ship fire automatic alarm system cabin designs; The process flow diagram of using the chain controlling alarm in ship fire automatic alarm system cabin of the present invention is shown in accompanying drawing 1, and the present invention is exactly to judging whether cabin 1 to N reports to the police and cabin 1 to N fire alarm class information is delivered to concentrated alarm controller and determined whether to start corresponding fire-fighting equipment and the chain alarm level appraisal procedure of a kind of ship's space fire that designs wherein.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, use the chain controlling alarm process flow diagram of ship fire automatic alarm system of the present invention, demonstrated the control thought of the chain warning of ship fire warning system.The ship fire warning system cycle is gathered the detector alarm signal in each cabin; When report to the police in a certain cabin; The warning message in this cabin can be delivered to concentrated alarm controller, and this moment, concentrated alarm controller can be gathered the condition of a fire information of obtaining with the contiguous a plurality of cabins fire detector in this cabin immediately in order to reach the purpose of chain controlling alarm; And judge the fire alarm class information in these cabins; According to different alarm level signals, concentrated alarm controller can provide different alerting signals, and the corresponding interlock of startup fire-fighting equipment is put out a fire.Like this; The function of ship fire automatic alarm system is just more perfect; The application of the chain alarm control method in cabin can reduce the rate of failing to report of warning system; Raising system control accuracy considers that each cabin condition of a fire related information is more comprehensive, avoids because of neglecting the massive losses that certain cabin warning message causes for full ship.The chain alarm level appraisal procedure of ship's space fire of the present invention design promptly is to be applied to judging whether cabin 1 to N reports to the police and cabin 1 to N fire alarm class information is delivered to concentrated alarm controller and determined whether to start corresponding fire-fighting equipment in the chain controlling alarm flow process of ship's space fire.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, be the chain warning system structural drawing of the cabin fire based on fuzzy control of the present invention.Mainly form, finally draw the chain alarm level information of cabin fire by signals collecting, Signal Pretreatment, obfuscation, fuzzy reasoning judgement, the several modules of defuzzification of each cabin fire alarm key element.
The input signal of this system comprises condition of a fire information that each cabin heat detector, smoke detector obtain and the cabin fire hazard rating information that obtains through domestic and international fire disaster simulation software (the cabin fire hazard rating can be learnt through the pertinent literature inquiry); These information are carried out pre-service; Be normalized to [0; 1] in the scope, so just can carry out next step data processing.Gather above information and can make system to cabin EARLY RECOGNITION fire alarm discriminant information, prevent that disaster hidden-trouble is helpful, reduction is failed to report, rate of false alarm.
In order to improve accuracy and the anti-interference that the cabin fire size class is differentiated, make the output of system more approach people's thinking and judgment, the present invention has adopted fuzzy reasoning method that the intact data of pre-service are for further processing.The fuzzy reasoning module is at first carried out obfuscation to input quantity and output quantity, sets up the fuzzy set on the domain, designs corresponding membership function, and the input and output amount is carried out corresponding conversion, and what adopt here is Triangleshape grade of membership function.Secondly, set up fuzzy control rule table, fuzzy control rule is the core of fuzzy control, and these rules derive from the expertise of association area usually, also can provide through a large amount of experimental datas.Fuzzy rule form of the present invention is: IF (satisfying a set condition) THEN (releasing one group of conclusion).Should guarantee the completeness of fuzzy rule when laying down a regulation, guarantee the compatibility of fuzzy rule again.Generate inputoutput list at last, obtained the fuzzy set of fire chain alarm level in cabin on the identification domain, carry out defuzzification again, obtain net result according to input.
The mentality of designing of Fuzzy Inference Model is specific as follows:
1) obfuscation of input quantity and output quantity
The input quantity of fuzzy controller is respectively each cabin heat detector of Centralized Controller collection, condition of a fire information and the cabin fire hazard rating information that smoke detector obtains; Output quantity is the chain alarm level information of cabin fire; To at first be converted into [0 after the above information via pre-service; 1] numerical information in the scope is as domain.The normalization formula is here selected as follows:
Wherein, x ∈ [x
Min, x
Max], x
MinAnd x
MaxBe respectively maximal value and the minimum value that to carry out pretreated input quantity.Secondly, carry out Fuzzy processing, promptly confirm the fuzzy membership function of three input variables respectively them.And the degree of membership of fuzzy set and subordinate function confirm to have complicacy and diversity; Comprise the expert and confirm method, fuzzy statistics method and contrast ranking method etc.; Because ship's space fire test data are difficult to collect, no suitable " objective " yardstick is so adopt the expert to confirm method.The bound of input and output all is decided to be [0; 1]; Actual conditions, experience and fire data statistical study to the generation of ship's space fire; Can the chain alarm level of cabin fire of heat detector condition of a fire information, smoke detector condition of a fire information, each cabin fire hazard degree and output be made as: fire probability of happening big (PB), in the fire probability of happening (PM), (ZO) takes place in fire probability of happening little (PS) and no fire.Fuzzy membership functions commonly used is Triangleshape grade of membership function, normality membership function and trapezoidal membership function, and the subordinate function of choosing fuzzy number here is a triangular function, easy for calculation and being widely used, and the analytic expression of this function is:
The subordinate function curve is shown in accompanying drawing 3.
2) fuzzy logic inference
The present invention adopts the Mamdani method to realize fuzzy logic inference, and the fuzzy rule form is: IF (satisfying a set condition) THEN (releasing one group of conclusion) is specially (below list wherein 10 rules):
1, IF (heat detector condition of a fire information is ZO) AND (smoke detector condition of a fire information is ZO) AND (this cabin fire hazard rating is ZO) THEN (the chain alarm level of this cabin fire is ZO)
2, IF (heat detector condition of a fire information is PS) AND (smoke detector condition of a fire information is ZO) AND (this cabin fire hazard rating is ZO) THEN (the chain alarm level of this cabin fire is PS)
3, IF (heat detector condition of a fire information is PM) AND (smoke detector condition of a fire information is ZO) AND (this cabin fire hazard rating is ZO) THEN (the chain alarm level of this cabin fire is PM)
4, IF (heat detector condition of a fire information is PB) AND (smoke detector condition of a fire information is ZO) AND (this cabin fire hazard rating is ZO) THEN (the chain alarm level of this cabin fire is PB)
5, IF (heat detector condition of a fire information is ZO) AND (smoke detector condition of a fire information is PS) AND (this cabin fire hazard rating is ZO) THEN (the chain alarm level of this cabin fire is ZO)
6, IF (heat detector condition of a fire information is PS) AND (smoke detector condition of a fire information is PS) AND (this cabin fire hazard rating is ZO) THEN (the chain alarm level of this cabin fire is PS)
7, IF (heat detector condition of a fire information is PM) AND (smoke detector condition of a fire information is PS) AND (this cabin fire hazard rating is ZO) THEN (the chain alarm level of this cabin fire is PM)
8, IF (heat detector condition of a fire information is PB) AND (smoke detector condition of a fire information is PS) AND (this cabin fire hazard rating is ZO) THEN (the chain alarm level of this cabin fire is PB)
9, IF (heat detector condition of a fire information is ZO) AND (smoke detector condition of a fire information is PM) AND (this cabin fire hazard rating is ZO) THEN (the chain alarm level of this cabin fire is ZO)
10, IF (heat detector condition of a fire information is PS) AND (smoke detector condition of a fire information is PM) AND (this cabin fire hazard rating is ZO) THEN (the chain alarm level of this cabin fire is PS)
3) defuzzification
The result who obtains through fuzzy reasoning decision-making is a fuzzy set, is cabin fire alarm class information accurately but real system need obtain, need carry out defuzzification so will obtain this exact value.In fuzzy control; The method of defuzzification has a variety of; Commonly used have maximum membership degree function method, gravity model appoach and a median method; The present invention selects for use gravity model appoach to carry out the defuzzification of output variable, thus the chain alarm level output quantity of accurate cabin fire that obtains, and the chain alarm level output quantity of this cabin fire can be made as: alarm free, pre-alarm and warning.
Pass through visual programming interface detection multi-group data after having designed this fuzzy controller; Can find out through the observation experiment result; Employing is based on the chain alarm level appraisal procedure of the ship's space fire of fuzzy control; Can make central fire alarm control unit learn that the breaking out of fire cabin can obtain the fire alarm class information in its adjacent each cabin simultaneously exactly; Reliably, accomplish each cabin incipient fire early warning really, improved the control accuracy of warning system all sidedly for staff on the ship provides the cabin fire chain warning message.
Claims (4)
1. the chain alarm level appraisal procedure of ship's space fire is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) central fire alarm control unit collection each cabin temperature-sensitive adjacent, the condition of a fire information that smoke detector obtains with the breaking out of fire cabin;
2) central fire alarm control unit reads cabin fire hazard class information; Said cabin fire hazard class information is to be factor with the quantity of ship's space combustible and characteristic, the ventilation state in cabin, fire-fighting system state; Said factor is concluded and quantize; And, be used for weighing the size of cabin fire risk according to the non-linear synthetic index of generalized index system;
3) condition of a fire information and the cabin fire hazard class information temperature-sensitive, smoke detector obtained are carried out the normalization pre-service;
4) data are after treatment delivered to the fuzzy reasoning module and carry out fuzzy reasoning, thereby obtain the chain alarm level assessment result of cabin fire.
2. a device of realizing the chain alarm level appraisal procedure of the described ship's space fire of claim 1 is characterized in that: constitute the signal acquisition module, signal pre-processing module, obfuscation module, fuzzy reasoning judging module and the defuzzification module that comprise each cabin fire alarm key element; Condition of a fire information that each cabin heat detector of signal acquisition module collection, smoke detector obtain and cabin fire hazard rating information; Signal pre-processing module carries out pre-service to said information, is normalized in [0,1] scope; The fuzzy reasoning module is at first carried out obfuscation to input quantity and output quantity; Set up the fuzzy set on the domain; The design membership function carries out conversion to the input and output amount, and next sets up fuzzy control rule table; Generate inputoutput list at last, obtained the fuzzy set of fire chain alarm level in cabin on the identification domain according to input; The defuzzification module is carried out defuzzification, obtains net result.
3. the device of the chain alarm level appraisal procedure of realization ship's space fire according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described membership function is a Triangleshape grade of membership function.
4. according to the device of claim 2 or the chain alarm level appraisal procedure of 3 described realization ship's space fire, it is characterized in that: said fuzzy rule form is: IF (satisfying a set condition) THEN (releasing one group of conclusion).
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| CN102930136A (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2013-02-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Compartment fire development area evaluation method |
| CN103218664A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-07-24 | 重庆邮电大学 | Warning weight determination method based on wavelet neural network |
| CN103324095A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-09-25 | 湖州师范学院 | Warship and ship fire disaster damage control reasoning, simulation and control system |
| CN103440728A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2013-12-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Ship fire extinguishing system cascading failure evaluation method for distributed intelligence control |
| CN104269010A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-01-07 | 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院 | Method and system for warning fire risk in monitoring area |
| CN104952201A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-09-30 | 杨明龙 | Video fire-alarm monitoring system and method |
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| CN106197532A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-12-07 | 华侨大学 | The fire-proof and explosion-proof early warning in chemical plant and fire extinguishing explosion-proof method |
| CN106512259A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-03-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Ship accumulator cabin ventilation and automatic extinguishing method and system based on fuzzy control |
| CN111199362A (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2020-05-26 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Ventilation system situation dynamic evaluation method based on data driving |
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| CN111199362A (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2020-05-26 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Ventilation system situation dynamic evaluation method based on data driving |
| CN111199362B (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2023-11-17 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Data-driven ventilation system situation dynamic evaluation method |
| CN112258773A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-22 | 河北利安安全技术服务有限公司 | Fire alarm detects and evaluation device based on thing networking |
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