CN102680139A - Fiber grating temperature sensing system for detecting temperatures of inflammables and explosives - Google Patents
Fiber grating temperature sensing system for detecting temperatures of inflammables and explosives Download PDFInfo
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- CN102680139A CN102680139A CN2012101877327A CN201210187732A CN102680139A CN 102680139 A CN102680139 A CN 102680139A CN 2012101877327 A CN2012101877327 A CN 2012101877327A CN 201210187732 A CN201210187732 A CN 201210187732A CN 102680139 A CN102680139 A CN 102680139A
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Abstract
The invention provides a fiber grating temperature sensing system for detecting temperatures of inflammables and explosives. The system comprises an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) broadband source, a circulator, an optical switch, an optical switch drive device, a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) temperature sensor, a holographic volume phase grating, a collimating lens, a condenser lens, a photoelectric detector, a control circuit, a digital signal processing (DSP) circuit, a storage and an upper computer, wherein the FBG temperature sensor is stuck onto the surfaces of the inflammables and explosives, and wavelength drifting information is demodulated by utilizing a holographic volume phase grating demodulation method, so that temperature variation of the FBG temperature sensor is obtained, namely, the temperature variation of the inflammables and explosives, and the temperature of the inflammable and explosive is finally obtained. Fiber grating temperature sensing system for detecting temperatures of inflammables and explosives has the advantages that the sensitivity and the stability are high, optical fiber sensors have strong anti-electromagnetic interference, anti-shaking, moisture resistant, corrosion resistant and the like competences, therefore the system can also be used normally for a long time in severe environments. The optical fiber sensors have the advantages of being light in weight, small in size and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing, be specifically related to be used for a kind of fiber grating temperature sensor system of combustible and explosive articles temperature detection.
Background technology
Sensor technology is one of important technology of modern surveying and automated system.In the measurement of combustible and explosive articles temperature, because general temperature sensor shows all very weakly at aspects such as electromagnetic interference (EMI), high burn into insulativity and measurement ranges, it is extremely urgent therefore to work out the strong temperature sensor of a kind of antijamming capability.
Fiber grating is the new type light electronics device that grows up the nineties in 20th century, and through 10 years of development, the manufacturing technology of fiber grating reaches its maturity, and system applies is constantly expanded.Because it is light wavelength that the sensitivity of fiber grating changes parameter, compares with other Fibre Optical Sensors, it has many special advantages, for example: can be connected in series a plurality of grating sensors on the optical fiber or can be with a plurality of gratings constantly, addressing separately on an optical fiber; Anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong; Do not receive of the interference of caused by factors such as light source, transmission line loss to intensity variation; Volume is little, can place in the structure; Its measurement is an absolute value, does not need school zero; Highly sensitive; Anti-moist, resistance to corrosion is strong, can use in that rugged surroundings are medium-term and long-term.
The patent of fiber grating aspect the inflammable and explosive temperature of measurement seldom; Existing Chinese patent ZL201020003923.X " gaseous spectrum absorption cell and temperature control grating associating fiber grating fire alarm system "; Because it adopts F-P Wavelength demodulation technology, and FP chamber parts need high-speed mobile, so limited service life; Though hyperchannel scans simultaneously, can't obtain the data of a wave band simultaneously; Chinese patent ZL201020695728.8 " a kind of intensity coding type optical fiber grating temperature monitor and alarm system " utilizes the emissivity graded and the identical fiber-optical grating temperature sensor of emission wavelength; Through the tunable optic filter filter scan; The variation of monitor temperature; But its complex structure, sensitivity are not high, and shock resistance is also not all right; Chinese patent ZL200520034822.8 " optical fiber grating temperature induction alarm device " sensing grating with compare with reference to grating, provide temperature alarming information but equally also be that monitoring accuracy is not high, shock resistance is bad.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to; Overcome existing technology limitation, fiber-optic grating sensor is introduced the temperature survey field, a kind of scheme that is used for the fiber grating temperature sensor system of combustible and explosive articles temperature detection is provided; This system has that filtering bandwidth is wide, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is high, channel interference is little, the life-span is long, accuracy of detection is high, highly sensitive; Do not receive electromagnetic interference (EMI), electric insulation is good, and is corrosion-resistant; No electric spark, the characteristics that shock resistance is good, and can obtain simultaneously for all spectrum on the same passage.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts: a kind of fiber grating temperature sensor system that is used for the combustible and explosive articles temperature detection comprises optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor, fiber optical circulator; The ASE wideband light source, photoswitch, photoswitch drive unit; Collimation lens, holographic body phase grating, collector lens; Photodetector, control circuit, DSP circuit; Storer and host computer, wherein optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor is pasted on the combustible and explosive articles surface, and the three dB bandwidth of ASE wideband light source is 40nm; The ASE wideband light source is connected with the A port of optical fiber circulator; Optical fiber circulator B port links to each other with optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor through photoswitch, and photoswitch is by the photoswitch driving device controls, and the C port of optical fiber circulator is connected with collimation lens; The light of ASE wideband light source output is through optical fiber circulator, advances the B port from the A port of optical fiber circulator and goes out, and arrives optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor through photoswitch; The light that meets optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor grating centre wavelength by the optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor reflection after, return optical fiber circulator from the C port again, export from optical fiber circulator B port; Get into collimation lens, light signal gets into holographic body phase grating behind the collimation lens collimation, because the light of multi-wavelength can produce the diffraction chromatic dispersion; The light that gets into the different wave length of holographic body phase grating is separated by holographic body phase grating and the formation diffraction zone; These diffraction zones focus on through collector lens at last and are radiated on the diverse location of photodetector, and at this moment wavelength optical signals is surveyed by photodetector and is converted into electric signal, and electric signal passes through control circuit successively; The DSP circuit; Storer, host computer, and export by host computer.
Wherein optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor sticks on the combustible and explosive articles surface through adhesive tape, measures the residing temperature change amount of combustible and explosive articles through optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor.
Said ASE wideband light source, centre wavelength are 1550nm, and three dB bandwidth is 40nm.
Said optical fiber circulator return loss is more than or equal to 50dB.
Described photodetector is a semiconductor InGaAs PIN type photodiode.
The present invention compares advantage with traditional temperature sensor and is:
1, fiber-optic grating sensor of the present invention is pasted on the combustible and explosive articles surface, directly measures combustible and explosive articles owing to the centre wavelength drift that its temperature variation produces, and has omitted the complicated mechanical gear train, has improved precision and sensitivity from structure.
2, the present invention has improved the anti-seismic performance and the anti-electromagnetic interference performance of sensor owing to the mechanical transmission mechanism that has replaced metal with Fibre Optical Sensor, is applicable to the complex environment that combustible and explosive articles is residing.
3, the present invention utilizes the photoswitch time-division multiplex technology to make up optical fiber grating sensing network on the basis of wavelength-division multiplex, realizes the real-time temperature survey of each key position point of combustible and explosive articles.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of theory diagram that is used for the fiber grating temperature sensor system of combustible and explosive articles temperature detection;
Label among the figure: Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (FBG) temperature sensor 1, optical fiber circulator 2, wideband light source 3, photoswitch 4; Photoswitch drive unit 5, collimation lens 6, holographic body phase grating (Volume Phase Holographic Grating, VPHG) 7; Collector lens 8, photodetector 9, control circuit 10; DSP circuit 11, storer 12, host computer 13.
Embodiment
Describe below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention, so that understand the present invention better.What need point out especially is that in the following description, when perhaps the detailed description that adopts known function and design can desalinate main contents of the present invention, these were described in here and will be left in the basket.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of fiber grating temperature sensor system that is used for the combustible and explosive articles temperature detection of the present invention comprises: Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (FBG) temperature sensor 1, optical fiber circulator 2, wideband light source 3; Photoswitch 4, photoswitch drive unit 5, collimation lens 6, holographic body phase grating (Volume Phase Holographic Grating; VPHG) 7, collector lens 8, photodetector 9; Control circuit 10, DSP circuit 11, storer 12 and host computer 13; Wherein FBG temperature sensor 1 sticks on the combustible and explosive articles key position by adhesive tape.Wideband light source 3 is ASE (amplified spontaneous emission) wideband light source, and three dB bandwidth is 40nm; The light that the ASE wideband light source sends is connected with the A port of circulator 2; The B port of optical fiber circulator 2 links to each other with FBG temperature sensor 1 through photoswitch 4, and the C port of optical fiber circulator 2 is connected with collimation lens 6, and photoswitch 4 is by 5 controls of photoswitch drive unit; The light of ASE wideband light source output is through optical fiber circulator 2, advances the B port from the A port of optical fiber circulator 2 and goes out, and arrives FBG temperature sensors 1 through photoswitch 4; The light that meets FBG temperature sensor 1 grating centre wavelength by 1 reflection of FBG temperature sensor after, return optical fiber circulator 2 from the B port again, the light that returns is exported from the C port; Get into collimation lens 6, and be radiated on the holographic body phase grating 7, the light of multi-wavelength produces the diffraction chromatic dispersion; The light of different wave length was opened and formed diffraction zone in 7 minutes by holographic body phase grating; These diffraction zones focus on through collector lens 8 at last and are radiated on the diverse location of photodetector 9, and photodetector 9 is chosen as semiconductor indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) PIN photodiode, and at this moment electric signal is surveyed and be converted into to wavelength optical signals; Electric signal passes through control circuit 10 successively; DSP circuit 11, storer 12, host computer 13 outputs.The function of control circuit 10 is light signals of control photovoltaic converter input, and the function of DSP circuit 11 is digital signal processing, and the function of storer 12 is stored signal data, and the function of host computer 13 is that output shows.
The ASE wideband light source is the light source that is the basis with gain media superfluorescence spectrum in the doped fiber, and its driving source comes from the spontaneous radiation of excited atom fully, though there is not resonator mirror in the fiber amplifier; These spontaneous radiations can not form laser beam, still, if the spontaneous radiation that occurs in the optical fiber can be along fiber optic conduction; Spontaneous radiation just can be exaggerated; Just produce a kind of ground unrest, become amplified spontaneous emission, thereby form the ASE light source.That it is easy to is good with grating sensing system coupling, temperature stability, three dB bandwidth is than series of advantages such as broad, pattern are good.The used ASE wideband light source flatness in spectral range of the present invention is good, and three dB bandwidth is 40nm.
Photodetector 9 is converted into electric signal with light signal, is one of key of total system performance height.The described sensor-based system of present embodiment, light signal is behind a series of optical fibre channels of wideband light source 3 processes, device, interface, and optical power loss is bigger, and the luminous power that incides photodetector 9 is very low usually; Present embodiment requires the photoelectricity of high-frequency high-precision to transform again.Advantages such as carry out photoelectricity with semiconductor InGaAs PIN photodiode in the present embodiment and transform, it has, and biased electrical is forced down, frequency response high, spectral response is wide, photoelectric transformation efficiency is high, and good stability, noise are little.
The electric treatment unit also is a control circuit 10, DSP circuit 11, and storer 12 and host computer 13 are converted into digital electric signal with the analog electrical signal after the photoelectricity conversion, and digitized electric signal gets into host computer 13 and carries out the operational analysis processing.
The relation of FBG temperature sensor 1 fiber grating reflection kernel wavelength and temperature and strain is: Δ λ/λ
0=(α
0+ ξ
0) Δ T+ (1-P
e) Δ ε, wherein: Δ λ is the centre wavelength drift value, λ
0Be centre wavelength, α
0Be the thermal expansivity of FBG, ξ
0Be the thermo-optical coeffecient of FBG, Δ T is the temperature change amount, P
eBe effective strain optical coefficient of optical fiber, Δ ε is the strain variation amount.For this FBG temperature sensor, the centre wavelength of fiber-optic grating sensor changes only relevant with its temperature change amount, and formula can be reduced to: Δ λ=λ
0(α
0+ ξ
0) Δ T.
The change of combustible and explosive articles temperature can cause that stickup FBG temperature sensor 1 foveal reflex wavelength in the above changes.Can find out that from top formula the variable quantity of FBG temperature sensor 1 optical fiber grating temperature change amount and centre wavelength can be regarded simple linear relationship as.
The present invention adopts the holographic body phase grating of transmission-type to carry out demodulation; FBG temperature sensor 1 is a temperature sensor; It is pasted on the key position of combustible and explosive articles, and the wavelength change interval of sensor fibre grating can cover the center wavelength variation scope of the FBG temperature sensor 1 that Yin Wendu is raise and cause.In holographic body phase grating structure,, guaranteed the reliability of stability and long-term work owing to have no movable part; Semiconductor InGaAs PIN photodiode can be measured simultaneously, need not scanning, thereby has guaranteed the high speed property of sampling and the simultaneity of signal; Owing to be internal calibration, do not need outside wavelength reference light path.
Although above the illustrative embodiment of the present invention is described; So that the technician of present technique neck understands the present invention, but should be clear, the invention is not restricted to the scope of embodiment; To those skilled in the art; As long as various variations appended claim limit and the spirit and scope of the present invention confirmed in, these variations are conspicuous, all utilize innovation and creation that the present invention conceives all at the row of protection.
Claims (5)
1. a fiber grating temperature sensor system that is used for the combustible and explosive articles temperature detection is characterized in that: comprise optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor (1), fiber optical circulator (2); ASE wideband light source (3), photoswitch (4), photoswitch drive unit (5); Collimation lens (6), holographic body phase grating (7), collector lens (8); Photodetector (9), control circuit (10), DSP circuit (11); Storer (12) and host computer (13), wherein optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor (1) is pasted on the combustible and explosive articles surface, and the three dB bandwidth of ASE wideband light source (3) is 40nm; ASE wideband light source (3) is connected with the A port of optical fiber circulator (2); Optical fiber circulator (2) B port links to each other with optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor (1) through photoswitch (4), and photoswitch (4) is by photoswitch drive unit (5) control, and the C port of optical fiber circulator (2) is connected with collimation lens (6); The light of ASE wideband light source (3) output is through optical fiber circulator, advances the B port from the A port of optical fiber circulator and goes out, and arrives optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor (1) through photoswitch; The light that meets optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor (1) grating centre wavelength by optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor (1) reflection after; Return optical fiber circulator (2) from the C port again,, get into collimation lens (6) from the output of optical fiber circulator (2) B port; Light signal gets into holographic body phase grating (7) behind collimation lens (6) collimation; Because the light of multi-wavelength can produce the diffraction chromatic dispersion, the light that gets into the different wave length of holographic body phase grating (7) is separated by holographic body phase grating (7) and the formation diffraction zone, and these diffraction zones focus on through collector lens (8) at last and are radiated on the diverse location of photodetector (9); At this moment electric signal is surveyed and be converted into to wavelength optical signals by photodetector (9); Electric signal passes through control circuit (10) successively, DSP circuit (11), storer (12); Host computer (13), and export by host computer (13).
2. a kind of fiber grating temperature sensor system that is used for the combustible and explosive articles temperature detection according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: wherein optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor (1) sticks on the combustible and explosive articles surface through adhesive tape, measures the residing temperature change amount of combustible and explosive articles through optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor (1).
3. a kind of fiber grating temperature sensor system that is used for the combustible and explosive articles temperature detection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said ASE wideband light source (3), centre wavelength are 1550nm, three dB bandwidth is 40nm.
4. a kind of combustible and explosive articles temperature detection fiber grating temperature sensor system that is used for according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said optical fiber circulator (2) return loss is more than or equal to 50dB.
5. a kind of fiber grating temperature sensor system that is used for the combustible and explosive articles temperature detection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described photodetector (9) is a semiconductor InGaAs PIN type photodiode.
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| CN103267591A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-08-28 | 武汉新烽光电科技有限公司 | Tree-type optical fiber temperature sensor system and using method thereof |
| CN103439009A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2013-12-11 | 东南大学 | High-precision fiber grating sensor array demodulating system based on holographic diffraction space imaging |
| CN103759855A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-04-30 | 太原理工大学 | Temperature sensing system with FBG |
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| CN103267591B (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2014-12-10 | 武汉新烽光电科技有限公司 | Tree-type optical fiber temperature sensor system and using method thereof |
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| CN103759855B (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2017-01-18 | 太原理工大学 | Temperature sensing system with FBG |
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| CN103868547A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-06-18 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Humiture measuring system |
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| CN104374414A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-02-25 | 国家电网公司 | Fiber Bragg grating demodulating system based on volume holographic grating |
| CN105973283A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-09-28 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 | Multichannel fiber Bragg grating demodulation system |
| CN106781193A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉理工大学 | Parting grating array optical fiber linear temperature-sensing fire detecting system and method during subregion |
| CN107402112A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of operational modal analysis system and method based on optical fiber sensing network |
| CN107421629A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-12-01 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of matching Fiber Bragg Grating FBG of contrast type surveys ultrasonic signal sensor-based system |
| CN108645549A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-10-12 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Distributed fiber grating Rocket tank cylinder section stress measurement system |
| CN110132447A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-08-16 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of coiling hot point of transformer temperature online monitoring system based on fiber grating |
| CN112525328A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | PSD-based fiber bragg grating vibration sensor demodulation system and method |
| CN116577890A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-11 | 成都亨通光通信有限公司 | Layer stranded type mining optical cable |
| CN116577890B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-09-19 | 成都亨通光通信有限公司 | Layer stranded type mining optical cable |
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