CN102669420B - Functional type pre-mixed tea seed cake dreg feed and production method thereof - Google Patents
Functional type pre-mixed tea seed cake dreg feed and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to functional type pre-mixed tea seed cake dreg feed and a production method thereof, belonging to the technical field of processing of pre-mixed feeds. The production method comprises the process flows of crushing a tea seed cake dreg raw material, extracting a solvent I, extracting a solvent II, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and drying to obtain the product. According to the invention, contents of anti-nutritional factors, such as tea saponin, tannin, phytic acid and the like, in the tea seed cake dreg are reduced; tea seed protein and tee seed polysaccharide are enriched; simultaneously, a certain content of tea saponin is reserved, so that the new functional type pre-mixed tea seed cake dreg feed with low anti-nutritional factors is formed; furthermore, the production method is simple, low in cost and easy for implementation; and the pre-mixed feed disclosed by the invention can be used for preventing animal diseases and promoting growth and development of the animals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed and production method thereof, belong to premixed feed processing technique field.
Background technology
Oil tea is the distinctive woody oil tree species of China.China's oil tea cultivated area has reached 4,000,000 hectares at present, and more than 100 ten thousand tons of tea seeds are produced in the whole nation per year, throughout the year 700000 tons of produce oil teaseed cake dregs.In tea seed grouts, contain Tea Saponin 20%～25%, tea polysaccharide 18%～20%, tea protein 15 %～18%, has very high economic worth.Due to ANFs too high levels such as Tea Saponin, tannin, phytic acid in the tea dregs of rice, be not suitable for being directly used in animal and produce, cause the utilization of current teaseed cake dregs mainly to concentrate on exploitation and the application of bio-feritlizer and Tea Saponin etc., few part is as animal feed.
The application of tea dregs of rice extract in poultry, fowl, aquatic livestock is the focus of current research, about the report of this respect more.The tea dregs of rice extract-saccharicter-penin of Chinese scholars most study at present; saccharicter-penin is the green natural feed addictive take tea seed polysaccharide and triterpenoid saponin as main component; can obviously strengthen fowl poultry immune effect; improve production performance and livestock products quality, livestock products, to protect mankind health and the outlet of enhancing livestock products to production safety high-quality are significant.From camellia plant, particularly from the tea dregs of rice, extracted saccharicter-penin by the researcher of animal science institute of Zhejiang University as feed addictive (ZL96193005.5), but ignored the utilization to other nutritional resource of the tea dregs of rice; Production method (the Chinese Patent Application No.: the production method that 200910074617) a kind of multi-effect oil-tea-cake meal feed additive is provided of multi-effect oil-tea-cake meal feed additive, be by after conventional cake of camellia oleifera seeds ungrease treatment pulverizing, then ultra micro breaking cell wall is ground into fine powder and carry out intensified by ultrasonic wave processing again.The processing method of tea dregs of rice fodder (application number: be 200310108521.1) the tea dregs of rice to be gone to be ground into acinous after straw mix with other feed, through the expanded one-tenth pellet of bulking machine.Above two inventions can make the active ingredient in cake of camellia oleifera seeds, especially bioactive ingredients is utilized as Tea Saponin, tea seed polysaccharide, plant flavonoids etc. in animal feeding, can improve animal immunizing power, improve palatability, but its ANFs too high levels of tea dregs of rice feed of this class methods processing, has affected the performance of the nutritive value of feed own and the use safety of feed.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the deficiency existing in above-mentioned technology, the invention provides a kind of functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed and production method thereof, it has reduced the content of ANFs in teaseed cake dregs such as TS, tannin, phytic acid, enrichment tea seed albumen and tea seed polysaccharide have retained the TS of certain content simultaneously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed, is characterized in that: its TS content is 0.5～2.5%, tannin 0～6mg/g, phytic acid 0～4mg/g, glucosinolate 0～15 μ mol/g.
A production method for functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1. the teaseed cake dregs after cleaning is pulverized, sieved;
2. the teaseed cake dregs after 1. step being pulverized and sieved is used by 50-80% ethanol water (V/V) and accounts for second
The solvent I extraction of 0.05～0.2% NaOH (W/V) composition of alcohol solution amount;
3. then use the solvent II extraction being formed by 40～60% ethanol waters (V/V);
4. Separation of Solid and Liquid next, after first filtering, centrifugation goes out solid;
5. vacuum dehydrating at lower temperature obtains product after processing.
The production method of functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed as above, is characterized in that: the teaseed cake dregs of step in 1. crossed 30～60 mesh sieves after pulverizing.
The production method of functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed as above, is characterized in that: the step 2. technological parameter of middle extraction is: 60～65 ℃ of temperature, liquid-solid ratio 8～10: 1, speed of agitator: 10～15 turn/min, extraction time: 0.5～2.0 hour.
The production method of functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed as above, is characterized in that: the step 3. technological parameter of middle extraction is: 45～50 ℃ of temperature, liquid-solid ratio 6～7: 1, speed of agitator: 15～20 turn/min, extraction time: 0.5～1.5 hour.
The production method of functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed as above, is characterized in that: step 4. described in Separation of Solid and Liquid be first to adopt horizontal spiral speed change filter press to transmit to filter, then go out solid with the centrifugation of automatic horizontal centrifuge.
The production method of functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed as above, is characterized in that: step 5. in dry technological parameter be: vacuum is-0.096～-0.1MPa, 55～60 ℃ of temperature.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is according to the nutritive peculiarity of teaseed cake dregs, adopt the technological process of teaseed cake dregs raw material → pulverizing → solvent I extraction → solvent II extraction → Separation of Solid and Liquid → dry → product, reduce the content of ANFs in teaseed cake dregs such as TS, tannin, phytic acid, enrichment tea seed albumen and tea seed polysaccharide, retain the TS of certain content simultaneously, form the low ANFs teaseed cake dregs of novel functional form premixed feed.And production method is simple to operate, with low cost, easy to implement.
Premixed feed of the present invention can prevent Animal diseases and promote it to grow, with the inventive method products made thereby through searching for food property test and test, result shows: in grow-finish swine rations, add 8%～10% teaseed cake dregs, can improve pig average daily gain, reduce the weightening finish cost of feedstuff-meat ratio and pig.In the daily ration of piggy, add the weightening finish cost that teaseed cake dregs can reduce piggy, teaseed cake dregs group has reduced by 4.54% than control group.The large pig of teaseed cake dregs centering has certain growth promoting function, and full phase average daily gain has improved 5.65%, and feedstuff-meat ratio has significantly reduced by 8.81%.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed of the present invention and production method thereof are further elaborated, but should not be construed as limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Teaseed cake dregs raw material is pulverized with hammer crusher after just clear, crosses 30 mesh sieves;
Then with solvent I extraction, solvent I is made up of 50% ethanol water (V/V) and 0.05% NaOH (W/V) that accounts for ethanol water amount, its extraction process parameter is: temperature 60 C, liquid-solid ratio 8: 1, and speed of agitator: 10 turn/min, extraction time is 1.0 hours;
Next with solvent II extraction, solvent II is made up of 40% ethanol water (V/V), and its technological parameter is temperature 45 C, liquid-solid ratio 6: 1, speed of agitator: 15 turn/min, and extraction time is 0.5 hour;
Again the teaseed cake dregs after twice extraction is carried out to Separation of Solid and Liquid: first adopt horizontal spiral speed change filter press to transmit and filter, then use automatic horizontal centrifuge (1500r/min) centrifugation to go out solid;
Last vacuum dehydrating at lower temperature processing obtains product, vacuum-0.1MPa, 55 ℃ of temperature.
The teaseed cake dregs feed TS content obtaining is 2.2%, tannin 2.09mg/g, phytic acid 1.78mg/g, glucosinolate 7.5 μ mol/g.
Embodiment 2:
Teaseed cake dregs raw material is pulverized with hammer crusher after just clear, crosses 40 mesh sieves;
Then with solvent I extraction, solvent I is made up of 60% ethanol water (V/V) and 0.15% NaOH (W/V) that accounts for ethanol water amount, its extraction process parameter is: 65 ℃ of temperature, liquid-solid ratio 8: 1, and speed of agitator: 15 turn/min, extraction time is 1.0 hours;
Next with solvent II extraction, solvent II is made up of 50%7 alcohol solutions (V/V), and its technological parameter is temperature 50 C, liquid-solid ratio 6: 1, speed of agitator: 20 turn/min, and extraction time is 1.0 hours;
Again the teaseed cake dregs after twice extraction is carried out to Separation of Solid and Liquid: first adopt horizontal spiral speed change filter press to transmit and filter, then use automatic horizontal centrifuge (1500r/min) centrifugation to go out solid;
Last vacuum dehydrating at lower temperature processing obtains product, vacuum-0.1MPa, temperature 60 C.
The teaseed cake dregs feed TS content obtaining is 1.85%, tannin 1.59mg/g, phytic acid 1.21mg/g, glucosinolate 2.51 μ mol/g.
Embodiment 3:
Teaseed cake dregs raw material is pulverized with hammer crusher after just clear, crosses 50 mesh sieves;
Then with solvent I extraction, solvent I is made up of 80% ethanol water (V/V) and 0.2% NaOH (W/V) that accounts for ethanol water amount, and its extraction process parameter is: 62 ℃ of temperature, liquid-solid ratio, 9: 1, speed of agitator: 12 turn/min, extraction time is 1.5 hours;
Next with solvent II extraction, solvent II is made up of 50% ethanol water (V/V), and its technological parameter is 48 ℃ of temperature, liquid-solid ratio 6: 1, speed of agitator: 18 turn/min, and extraction time is 1.5 hours;
Again the teaseed cake dregs after twice extraction is carried out to Separation of Solid and Liquid: first adopt horizontal spiral speed change filter press to transmit and filter, then use automatic horizontal centrifuge (1500r/min) centrifugation to go out solid;
Last vacuum dehydrating at lower temperature processing obtains product, vacuum-0.1MPa, 58 ℃ of temperature.
The teaseed cake dregs feed TS content obtaining is 0.78%, tannin 1.30mg/g, phytic acid 0.82mg/g, glucosinolate 2.19 μ mol/g.
The test of searching for food property:
Selective body reclosing nearly (26.66+0.96kg), Du × length × 44 of the large piglets that are in a good state of health, be divided into 2 processed group at random, and each processed group is established 5 repetitions (hurdle), 4～5 piglets of each repetition.
Various test stages basal diet composition and nutrient content are in table 1,2:
Table 1 piggy basal diet composition and nutrient content
The large pig basal diet composition of table 2 and nutrient content
19 days piggy experimental periods; Large 42 days pig experimental periods, all test pig are from every day entry feed intake of on-test, before each step-by-step test, end early morning, on an empty stomach individuality was weighed, and calculated the indexs such as daily gain (ADG), daily ingestion amount (ADFI) and feedstuff-meat ratio (FCR).
The production performance of table 3 piggy
| Test 1 group | Test 2 groups | |
| Starting weight (kg/ head) | 26.95±1.24 | 26.36±0.98 |
| ADG (g/ head day) | 650±33.26 | 621±36.17 |
| ADFI (g/ head day) | 1452±13.9a | 1348±34.55b |
| FCR | 2.24±0.10 | 2.17±0.09 |
Note: in (1) table, institute's column data is average ± standard deviation;
(2) the different significant differences (P < 0.05) that represent of colleague's lowercase.
The piggy feeding experiment result demonstration of 19 days, teaseed cake dregs has the effect of the average daily gain of good raising piggy, has improved 4.7% than control group (test I group), but not remarkable (P > 0.05) of difference.Meanwhile, result of the test shows to add teaseed cake dregs can promote the feed intake of piggy, has significantly improved approximately 7.0% (P < 0.05) than control group.Feedstuff-meat ratio difference is remarkable (P > 0.05) not.
The impact of teaseed cake dregs on piggy stage weightening finish cost the results are shown in Table 4.
The weightening finish cost in table 4 piggy stage
| Test 1 group | Test 2 groups | |
| Feed cost (unit/kg) | 1.86 | 1.83 |
| FCR | 2.24 | 2.17 |
| Weightening finish cost (unit/kg) | 4.16 | 3.97 |
The data demonstration of table 4 is added teaseed cake dregs and can be reduced the weightening finish cost of piggy in the daily ration of piggy, and teaseed cake dregs group has reduced by 4.54% than control group.
The growth performance impact of teaseed cake dregs centering pig the results are shown in Table 5.
The production performance of the large pig of table 5
| Test 1 group | Test 2 groups | |
| Starting weight (kg/ head) | 39.3±2.71 | 38.16±1.95 |
| End heavy (kg/ head) | 67.52±2.65 | 67.98±2.03 |
| ADG (g/ head, day) | 672±47.35 | 710±60.87 |
| ADFI (g/ head, day) | 1752±41.23a | 1690±39.32b |
| FCR | 2.61±0.17a | 2.38±0.18b |
Note: in (1) table, institute's column data is average ± standard error;
(2) the different significant differences (P < 0.05) that represent of colleague's lowercase.
Result of the test shows, the large pig of teaseed cake dregs centering has certain growth promoting function, and full phase average daily gain has improved 5.65%, and feedstuff-meat ratio has significantly reduced by 8.81% (P < 0.05).
The impact of teaseed cake dregs centering pig weightening finish cost the results are shown in Table 6.
The weightening finish cost of the large pig of table 6
| Test I group | Test II group | |
| Feed cost (unit/kg) | 1.60 | 1.69 |
| Weightening finish cost (unit/kg) | 4.17 | 4.03 |
The weightening finish cost analysis result of table 6 shows, the weightening finish cost of teaseed cake dregs is minimum, relatively, reduced by 3.36% with control group (test I group).
With this method products made thereby, through test and test, result shows: in grow-finish swine rations, add 8%～10% teaseed cake dregs, can improve pig average daily gain, reduce the weightening finish cost of feedstuff-meat ratio and pig.In the daily ration of piggy, add the weightening finish cost that teaseed cake dregs can reduce piggy, teaseed cake dregs group has reduced by 4.54% than control group.The large pig of teaseed cake dregs centering has certain growth promoting function, and full phase average daily gain has improved 5.65%, and feedstuff-meat ratio has significantly reduced by 8.81%.
Claims (4)
1. a functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed, is characterized in that: its TS content is 0.5～2.5%, tannin 0～6mg/g, phytic acid 0～4mg/g, glucosinolate 0～15 μ mol/g; Its preparation method is:
1. the teaseed cake dregs after cleaning is pulverized, sieved;
2. the teaseed cake dregs after 1. step being pulverized and sieved is used by 50-80% ethanol water (V/V) and is accounted for the solvent I extraction that 0.05～0.2% NaOH (W/V) of ethanol water amount forms, the technological parameter of extraction is: 60～65 ℃ of temperature, liquid-solid ratio 8～10:1, speed of agitator: 10～15 turn/min, extraction time: 0.5～2.0 hour;
3. then use the solvent II extraction being made up of 40～60% ethanol waters (V/V), the technological parameter of extraction is: 45～50 ℃ of temperature, liquid-solid ratio 6～7:1, speed of agitator: 15～20 turn/min, extraction time: 0.5～1.5 hour;
4. Separation of Solid and Liquid next, after first filtering, centrifugation goes out solid;
5. vacuum dehydrating at lower temperature obtains product after processing.
2. a production method for functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1. the teaseed cake dregs after cleaning is pulverized, sieved;
2. the teaseed cake dregs after 1. step being pulverized and sieved is used by 50-80% ethanol water (V/V) and is accounted for the solvent I extraction that 0.05～0.2% NaOH (W/V) of ethanol water amount forms, the technological parameter of extraction is: 60～65 ℃ of temperature, liquid-solid ratio 8～10:1, speed of agitator: 10～15 turn/min, extraction time: 0.5～2.0 hour;
3. then use the solvent II extraction being made up of 40～60% ethanol waters (V/V), the technological parameter of extraction is: 45～50 ℃ of temperature, liquid-solid ratio 6～7:1, speed of agitator: 15～20 turn/min, extraction time: 0.5～1.5 hour;
4. Separation of Solid and Liquid next, after first filtering, centrifugation goes out solid;
5. vacuum dehydrating at lower temperature obtains product after processing.
3. the production method of functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the teaseed cake dregs of step in 1. crossed 30～60 mesh sieves after pulverizing.
4. the production method of functional form teaseed cake dregs premixed feed according to claim 2, is characterized in that: step 5. in dry technological parameter be: vacuum-0.096～-0.1MPa, 55～60 ℃ of temperature.
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| CN104187194A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Black pony nutritive feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN110917268A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-27 | 赣南医学院 | Method for extracting polyphenol compounds from Gannan tea seed cake |
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