CN102665856B - 用于减少油船中的挥发性有机物的设备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于减少船中的挥发性有机物(VOC)的设备。该用于减少从船中的贮罐产生的VOC的设备包括:喷射器,该喷射器将由安装在与所述贮罐的基座部连接的管线上的泵所泵送的流体输送到该贮罐,其中所述喷射器布置成将惰性气体与流体一起抽吸并排出以控制氧浓度;以及调压阀,该调压阀夹设在所述喷射器的出口侧与所述贮罐之间,以在将流体输送到所述贮罐时,将穿过所述喷射器排出的流体的压力借助VOC冷凝压力而保持在恒定水平。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于减少船中的挥发性有机物(VOC)的设备,并且更具体地涉及这样一种用于减少船中的VOC的改进设备,该设备能减少从油船中的流体所产生的VOC。
背景技术
近来,为了保护环境,控制从船排放的各种有害气体在海上生效。
这些控制逐渐加强,因为随着在海上运输的液体货物量的增加船已变成主要的海洋污染源之一。
举例来说,随着采用由MEPC(海洋环境保护委员会)修订的MARPOL Annex VI和NOx Technical Code 2008,根据国际规则被迫进行这样的运动,并且在排放控制中规定的材料如下:
臭氧损耗材料;
氧化氮(NOx);
氧化硫(SOx);以及
VOC(挥发性有机物)。
这样的材料是影响海洋环境和全球变暖的主要因素,因此,它们的排出和排放必须被严格地控制并且在全世界范围内发生相同的运动。
具体地,装载大量油的船具有产生VOC的高概率,因为装载于船上的液体货物具有低的饱和蒸气压,因此液体货物即使在正常温度和正常压力条件下也能够挥发。
而且,由于船中贮罐的容量是固定的,因此,如果液体货物连续地挥发,则贮罐内的压力升高,并且如果压力超过通常安装在贮罐处的安全阀的设定压力,则液体货物被释放到空气中。
因而,产生于船中的VOC成为海上污染源。
发明内容
因而,为了解决现有技术中存在的上述问题而形成本发明,并且本发明的目的是提供一种用于减少船中的VOC的设备,考虑到船中产生的VOC随着贮罐的内压的升高而被释放,该设备通过控制温度和压力而能减少VOC的产生,由此防止海洋污染并且应付国际监督。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明,提供一种用于减少船中的VOC的设备,该设备包括:喷射器,该喷射器安装在借助泵被传送至所述贮罐的流体的管线上,以将所泵送的流体传送到所述贮罐,所述喷射器将流体与惰性气体一起抽吸并排出,用于调节氧浓度;以及调压阀,该调压阀安装在所述喷射器的出口侧与所述贮罐之间,以在将穿过所述喷射器排出的流体的压力保持在VOC冷凝压力的同时将流体供应到所述贮罐。
而且,作为所述调压阀的出口侧的后端部与所述贮罐的基座部相连,使得所产生的VOC首先被引入所述贮罐的所述基座部中。
此外,所述调压阀包括阀内件部,该阀内件部形成在所述阀内并且具有多个孔,以防止因所述调压阀的前端部和所述后端部之间的压差而产生气穴现象。
另外,所述调压阀还包括压力测量传感器,该压力测量传感器安装在所述前端部上并且与控制器相连,使得所述控制器控制所述调压阀的开度,以由此将所述前端部的压力(所述喷射器的所述后端部的压力)保持在VOC冷凝压力之上。
根据本发明的用于减少船中的VOC的设备能防止海洋污染,去除损害船员健康的因素,因为其能抑制船中产生VOC,以由此确保竞争力,因为其能够确实地应付日益增强的国际监督。此外,根据本发明的所述VOC减少设备能获得经济收益,因为其能减少液体货物因VOC的释放而引起的损失。
附图说明
结合附图从本发明的优选实施方式的下列详细说明将清楚本发明的上述以及其它目的、特征和优点,在附图中:
图1是船中的贮罐管道的结构图,以说明用于减少船中的VOC的设备;
图2是应用于本发明的喷射器的剖视图;以及
图3是示出应用于本发明的调压阀的基本结构的剖视图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图详细地说明本发明的优选实施方式。
图1是船中的贮罐管道的结构图,以说明用于减少船中的VOC的设备,图2是应用于本发明的喷射器的剖视图,以及图3是示出应用于本发明的调压阀的基本结构的剖视图。
如图1所示,在为船,尤其为油船的情况下,为了防止贮罐100***,通过IG管线(惰性气体管线)喷射惰性气体,从而控制氧的浓度。
在该情况下,在本发明中,借助感应和增压气体混合物的方法,使贮罐100中的所有VOC都为处于饱和蒸气压以上的冷凝的VOC,从而减少VOC的产生。
通常,已广泛使用利用文丘里效应的喷射器。
这种喷射器300通过将吸入侧的液体或气体传送到预定高度以上或者通过利用由高速产生的真空现象通常用于顺畅地释放位于吸入侧的液体或气体。
在本发明中,喷射器300用于将惰性气体和VOC的气体混合物增压并传送到贮罐100的基座部,从而冷凝VOC。
为此,本发明包括设置在喷射器300的出口端处的调压阀400。
调压阀在入口侧产生压力,以由此将压力保持在液体货物的饱和蒸气压之上。为此,通过测量前端部的压力并接收来自控制器500的压力信号来控制调压阀400的冲程。
而且,调压阀400的出口侧与贮罐100的基座部相连,因此,如果在贮罐100内部形成水位差,则蒸发的VOC借助水位差能被充分冷凝。
同时,由于贮罐100中的液体货物的量可根据情况而变,因此,如果不安装调压阀400,则从喷射器300的出口排出的不稳定的液体货物可能在贮罐100中连续地产生VOC。
然而,由于本发明均匀地保持调压阀400的前端部处的压力,因此,如果贮罐100中的液体货物被预备得如此多以致引进管线和排出管线能够被淹没,则VOC能被充分冷凝。
即,如图2所示,应用于本发明的喷射器300的左侧一端与油泵相连,而与和油泵相连的一端相对的另一端与调压阀400的入口侧相连。
在该情况下,IG管线200沿喷射器300的径向倾斜地连接,从而与和油泵相连的一端分离但与最外排出端接合。
因而,在喷射器300操作时,在由以高速排出的油结合的点(即,图中的“A”点处)上方直接形成真空,然后,从与油泵相连的引进管线排出的液体货物以及在真空状态下引入的惰性气体与VOC的混合物被混合在一起并且被传送到出口,因此能够保持足够高的压力,使得出口侧的压力能够保持在液体货物的饱和蒸气压之上。
同时,由于喷射器300的出口侧的压力根据后端部的情形(背压等)可变,因此,实际上,仅利用喷射器300难以将压力保持在预定压力之上,并因此如上所述,调压阀400安装在如图3所示的部分处,以便均匀且连续地保持喷射器300的出口侧的压力。
如图3所示,调压阀400包括阀内件部430,该阀内件部430安装在流道的前端部410处。
阀内件部430形成为柱状,并且具有多个孔。
在该情况下,阀内件部430防止突然的压力变化,当流体运动时在前端部410和后端部420处可能发生该突然的压力变化。当发生这样的现象时,通过阀内件部430的孔分离的流体的一部分使得能够防止突然的压力变化。
换言之,在通常阀的情况下,由于突然的压差可能在后端部420处发生气穴现象,并且这样的气穴现象与真空的产生一样并且导致内部流体因真空而蒸发的现象,因此最终促进包含在流体中的VOC的产生。
然而,本发明的特征在于流体穿过阀内件部430,从而均匀地保持前端部410的压力。
而且,与齿轮相连的盘440借助驱动轴450操作,并且能沿流体流动的方向运动。在该情况下,这样调节压力,即:如果前端部440的压力比设定压力低,则盘440封闭前端部410,而如果前端部410的压力比设定压力高,则盘440打开前端部410。驱动轴450借助诸如液压缸或马达的驱动源操作。
在该情况下,调压阀还包括压力测量传感器(未示出),该压力测量传感器安装在前端部410上并且与控制器500相连,使得为了均匀地保持压力所述控制器500控制盘440,从而自动地控制流道的开度。
如上所述,根据本发明的VOC减少设备借助安装在喷射器300的出口侧的调压阀400能均匀地保持供给到贮罐100的压力,使得VOC减少设备能使VOC的蒸发最小化,即,通过使VOC冷凝而使船中的VOC的产生减少。
Claims (3)
1.一种用于减少从船中的贮罐产生的挥发性有机物的设备,该设备包括:
喷射器,该喷射器安装在借助泵传送至所述贮罐的流体的管线上,以将所泵送的流体传送到所述贮罐,所述喷射器将流体与惰性气体一起抽吸并排出,用于调节氧浓度;以及
调压阀,该调压阀安装在所述喷射器的出口侧与所述贮罐之间,以在将穿过所述喷射器排出的流体的压力保持在挥发性有机物冷凝压力的同时将流体供应到所述贮罐,
其中,所述调压阀还包括压力测量传感器,该压力测量传感器安装在前端部上并且与控制器相连,使得所述控制器控制所述调压阀的开度,以由此去除所述前端部和后端部之间的压差,并且
所述调压阀包括盘,该盘借助驱动轴而被滑动来调节所述开度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的挥发性有机物减少设备,其中,作为所述调压阀的出口侧的后端部与所述贮罐的基座部相连,使得所产生的挥发性有机物首先被引入所述贮罐的所述基座部中。
3.根据权利要求1所述的挥发性有机物减少设备,其中,所述调压阀包括阀内件部,该阀内件部形成在所述阀内并且具有多个孔,以防止因所述调压阀的前端部和后端部之间的压差而产生气穴现象。
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GB0001649D0 (en) | 2000-01-26 | 2000-12-20 | British Aerospace | A fuel inerting system |
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2009
- 2009-11-30 KR KR1020090116518A patent/KR101098223B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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2010
- 2010-10-07 WO PCT/KR2010/006858 patent/WO2011065664A2/ko active Application Filing
- 2010-10-07 CN CN201080053962.3A patent/CN102665856B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN1050082A (zh) * | 1989-08-24 | 1991-03-20 | 基斯通国际集团公司 | 改进了的减压和调节阀 |
CN1495116A (zh) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-05-12 | 特拉华资本形成公司 | 罐压调节*** |
CN101443585A (zh) * | 2003-02-27 | 2009-05-27 | 伊格内丝·博拉斯·洛马帕特 | 阀门和带有阀门的容器及该阀门的用途 |
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Also Published As
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WO2011065664A2 (ko) | 2011-06-03 |
KR20110060049A (ko) | 2011-06-08 |
WO2011065664A3 (ko) | 2011-09-09 |
CN102665856A (zh) | 2012-09-12 |
KR101098223B1 (ko) | 2011-12-27 |
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