CN102663215A - Method for evaluating ice resistance of tower-wire coupled system of overhead transmission line - Google Patents
Method for evaluating ice resistance of tower-wire coupled system of overhead transmission line Download PDFInfo
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- CN102663215A CN102663215A CN2012101477199A CN201210147719A CN102663215A CN 102663215 A CN102663215 A CN 102663215A CN 2012101477199 A CN2012101477199 A CN 2012101477199A CN 201210147719 A CN201210147719 A CN 201210147719A CN 102663215 A CN102663215 A CN 102663215A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for evaluating ice resistance of a tower-wire coupled system of an overhead transmission line, which belongs to the technical field of natural disaster prevention of the overhead transmission line. The method comprises the steps of selecting a micro terrain section which is easy to have ice coating in the overhead circuit by utilizing a computer through a program, establishing a finite element model of the tower-wire coupled system, calculating a weak link and the ice resistance of the tower-wire coupled system under the effect of uniform ice coating and wind load, carrying out non-uniform ice coating load correction for the micro terrain section where the ice coating is easy to occur, and determining the weak link and the ice resistance of the tower-wire coupled system. The method has characteristics that the workload is small, the authenticity is high, the precision is high, reliable evidence can be provided for the ice coating disaster early-warning grade and the early-warning threshold value of the overhead transmission line so as to take de-icing measures in time, the ice coating disaster can be effectively prevented, and the safe and reliable running of the overhead transmission line can be ensured. The method can be widely applied to the evaluation of the ice resistance of the tower-wire coupled system of the overhead transmission line.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the disaster defense technique field of overhead transmission line.Be specifically related to the appraisal procedure of overhead transmission line tower-anti-ice ability of line Fourier Series expansion technique.
Background technology
The overhead transmission line of China's electric system extensively is distributed in the wilderness of Chinese the earth, mostly through hills, high mountain, strides across valley, river, and long term exposure very easily suffers the attack of disasteies such as icing at occurring in nature.China is one of more serious country of coated by ice of overhead power transmission line; Large-area ice damage accident occurs repeatedly in China; The long-time hard intensity that continues, low temperature sleet freezing weather on a large scale appear like China Central China in 2008, some areas, East China; Cause the overhead transmission line broken string in areas such as Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei, Guizhou, Chongqing, the multiple disaster accidents such as tower, icing flashover that fall; Caused huge disaster and loss to people's lives and national economy, only the direct property loss of State Grid Corporation of China reaches 104.5 hundred million yuan.Along with the develop rapidly of China's economic construction and improving constantly of living standards of the people, prevent the generation of icing disaster, ensure that power system security, reliability service are the problems that needs solution in a hurry.
The appraisal procedure of existing overhead transmission line tower-anti-ice ability of line Fourier Series expansion technique; " rural power grids typical case's lead and the anti-ice of shaft tower capability analysis " literary composition like the 23rd the 18th phase of volume of " electric power network technique " October in 2009; Disclosed analytical approach is: lead and 4 kinds of typical shaft towers of choosing 3 kinds of more models of application in the rural power grids are analytic target; Adopt the prosperous iron tower design software in road and ANSYS finite element analysis software to lead, shaft tower at different spans, the anti-ice ability under the icing condition is carried out computational analysis in various degree, for the anti-ice ability design of rural power grids circuit from now on provides reference.The major defect of this analytical approach is:
manual work lead and 4 kinds of typical shaft towers of choosing the operating 3 kinds of models of rural power grids be analytic target; Do not comprise UHV (ultra-high voltage) and extra high voltage line; Not comprehensive, can not satisfy the requirement of power network development from now on.
utilizes the ANSYS finite element analysis software; Respectively lead finite element model and shaft tower finite element model are calculated and analyze under different-thickness icing condition; Do not consider influencing each other between lead and ground wire and the shaft tower; Thereby cause the degree of accuracy of computational analysis poor; Can only reference be provided as the anti-ice design of rural power grids circuit from now on, can not be as the foundation of the anti-ice ability of rural power grids circuit; The anti-ice capability analysis of
shaft tower; Do not carry out inhomogeneous icing correction checking computations; Inhomogeneous according to statistics icing is the main cause that causes the icing accident of falling the tower, thereby the authenticity that causes assessing is poor; The anti-ice capability analysis of
lead and shaft tower has been considered the influence of span; But do not consider the influence of landform (discrepancy in elevation); Cause computation model precision deficiency and authenticity poor equally.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is deficiency to the appraisal procedure of existing overhead transmission line tower-anti-ice ability of line Fourier Series expansion technique; The appraisal procedure of a kind of overhead transmission line tower-anti-ice ability of line Fourier Series expansion technique is provided; Analyze to the actual motion circuit, have that authenticity height, workload are less relatively, the degree of accuracy advantages of higher, for overhead transmission line monitoring ice trouble device provides threshold value of warning; So that in time take deicing measure; The disaster of effectively preventing icing that overhead transmission line is caused, the safe and reliable operation of assurance overhead transmission line guarantees the reliable power supply of people's lives and industrial and agricultural production.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is: the appraisal procedure of a kind of overhead transmission line tower-anti-ice ability of line Fourier Series expansion technique; Utilize computing machine to pass through program; Select the mima type microrelief section that is prone to take place icing earlier; After set up tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model, calculate weak link and the anti-ice ability thereof of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique model under evenly icing load and wind action again; And then the mima type microrelief section of commute generation icing is carried out the correction of inhomogeneous icing load; Confirm the weak link and the anti-ice ability thereof of overhead transmission line tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique.The concrete steps of said method are following:
(1) selects the mima type microrelief line segment that is prone to take place icing in the overhead transmission line
Utilize existing " KML; EXCEL changes each other and adds navigation " program; Convert the overhead transmission line gps coordinate into the KML language; Import the dimensional topography characteristic path profile of existing Google Earth software (by a virtual earth appearance software of U.S. Google company exploitation, it is arranged in satellite photo, aerial photography and GIS on the three-dimensional model of One Earth One Family, thereby the digitizing earth platform of setting up) formation overhead transmission line.Then; Check road terrain feature completely by the path navigation of overhead transmission line; Landform in conjunction with being easy to generate heavy icing and inhomogeneous icing is analyzed; Filter out five kinds of typical mima type microrelief line segments that are prone to form icing, choosing of mima type microrelief line segment will be the border tower with the anchor support, to improve the authenticity and the degree of accuracy of the anti-ice of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique capability evaluation.Typical five kinds of icing mima type microreliefs are:
orographic uplift type: low higher tableland and the cliff of opposite side of a side in hump that overhead transmission line is rised sheer from level ground in Plain or hills or the basin; Because of the basin sufficient vapor; The bigger cold air of humidity is easily along rising on the hillside; On top or tableland, form cloud and mist, when the surazo people invades, just serious icing can occur.
(2) set up tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model
After the completion of (1) step; Utilize existing ANSYS software (promptly according to finite element theory; Accomplish the large-scale universal software of the analytical calculation of labyrinth with high quality and high efficiency), the mima type microrelief line segment that (1) step was selected follows these steps to set up tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model.That is:
Based on the main member in the overhead transmission line is shaft tower and lead and ground wire formation.In service at overhead transmission line; Lead and the passive shaft tower of ground wire are mainly born shear stress and bending stress and axial stress; With BEAM188 beam element (this beam element is a kind of model of element of ANSYS software set, and elasticity, creep and plasticity model and self-defined beam section shape are supported in this unit) simulation.The lead of electric energy transmitting is through insulator chain and gold utensil and described shaft tower hinge; The ground wire of acceptance and transmission lightning current is through gold utensil and described shaft tower hinge; And described lead and described ground wire mainly bear axial stress; Therefore lead and ground wire finite element are chosen the LINK10 unit (this beam element are a kind of model of elements of ANSYS software set; Be that unique bilinearity stiffness matrix characteristic makes it become one axially only to be drawn or the bar unit of pressurized only; And have firmization of stress and large deformation function) simulation, rationally select the true row that tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element is guaranteed electric transmission pole tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique simulation.
After the completion of (2)-
step; To tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element that (2)-
step is selected, import shaft tower and the lead and the ground wire parameter of overhead transmission line respectively.The parameter of said shaft tower has: steel are Young modulus, Poisson ratio, density, cross sectional shape, the yield strength of Q235 or Q345 or three kinds of steel of Q420; The parameter of said lead and ground wire has: the initial strain when of equivalent cross-sectional area, Young modulus, density, Poisson.Tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element that (2)-
step was selected is provided with parameter, guarantees to simulate the accuracy of electric transmission pole tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique.
After the completion of (2)-
step; Utilize existing ANSYS software; Be provided with in the tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element of parameter in (2)-
step; Adopt point, line connected mode, generate the structural finite element model of each shaft tower.According to the span between each shaft tower, the discrepancy in elevation and shaft tower corner parameter in the overhead transmission line, locate the relative position of each shaft tower.Then, regeneration has the finite element model of wire insulation substring gold utensil and ground wire gold utensil.At last, generate the LINK10 unit finite element model of lead and ground wire, thereby set up with the anchor support finite element model of the tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique that is the border tower, in order to the anti-ice ability of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique of assessing overhead transmission line.
(3) calculate weak link and the anti-ice ability thereof of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model under even icing load and wind action
After the completion of (2) step; Tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model to the foundation of (2)-
step; Boundary condition and load application are set carry out simulation analysis; Scope according to temperature variation under the icing condition is little; Structure influence to tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique is very little, and ignores, that is:
Boundary condition be set earlier and apply from the gravity load:
Boundary condition is four nodes with the column foot of every basic shaft tower, and the node at lead and ground wire two ends, carries out full degree of freedom constraint, limits the boundary condition of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element structural analysis.Tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique be meant the load that tower-the line Fourier Series expansion technique is born from the gravity load under the self gravitation effect, be through program from applying of gravity load, add global coordinate system acceleration of gravity realization down, wherein acceleration of gravity is 9.806m/s
2
After-applied icing load calculates:
In tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model, it is less from the gravity load relatively according to the icing load of insulator chain and shaft tower, and ignores, and only calculates the ice load on lead and the ground wire.In practical applications, with the icing of all kinds of adhering on lead or the ground wire and different cross section shape all convert for lead or ground wire upper density be 0.9 * 10
3Kg/m
3Hollow circular glaze section, the wall thickness of this hollow circular glaze section is equivalent ice covering thickness
h (mm).When the calculating external diameter of knowing lead or ground wire does
D (mm) and the equivalent ice covering thickness of S.C. or ground wire do
h (mm) time, the icing load of the unit of S.C. or ground wire
L i (N/m) computing formula is:
（1）
In the formula
g b Be acceleration of gravity.
For the unit icing load of lead of 2 divisions be 2 *
L i , for the unit icing load of lead of 4 divisions be 4 *
L i , by that analogy.Thus can the unit's of calculating icing load to different lead or ground wire model and ice covering thickness; Be applied on the lead wire and earth wire then; Imposed load as electric transmission pole tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique; And apply 0 respectively, the icing load of 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, eight kinds of different ice covering thickness of 50mm calculates, and obtains the tower-stress value of line Fourier Series expansion technique under various load actions, and stress cloud atlas.
Applying wind load again calculates:
Acting force is maximum when vertical with lead or ground wire bearing of trend according to wind speed direction, also is the most dangerous wind load situation, and therefore in order to reduce amount of calculation, this method is only considered the wind load situation that wind speed direction is vertical with lead or ground wire bearing of trend.
According to " 110 ~ 500kV built on stilts send a circuit designing technique rules (DL/T 5092-1999) " relevant regulations regulation, be perpendicular to the calculating formula of the unit level wind load of lead or ground wire extension side:
Unit level wind load on lead when not having ice or the ground wire
L n (N/m)
Unit level wind load on lead when ice is arranged or the ground wire
L y (N/m)
（3）
In the formula: D (mm) is the line footpath of lead or ground wire; H (mm) is an ice covering thickness;
α Be the blast nonuniformity coefficient;
μ SC Be lead or ground wire bodily form coefficient;
μ Z Be height variation coefficient of wind pressure;
μ θ The variation factor of the blast box haul that causes for the angle between wind direction and lead wire and earth wire axis; V is the wind speed size, the m/s of unit.
Two root leads of lead according to 2 divisions are to be arranged above and below, and two root leads receive wind action simultaneously, therefore the unit level wind load of the lead of 2 divisions be 2 *
L n Or 2 *
L y Two root leads of lead according to 4 divisions are to be arranged above and below, and two root leads are arranged side by side in addition, have only two root leads to receive wind action simultaneously equally, therefore the unit level wind load of the lead of 4 divisions be 2 *
L n Or 2 *
L y , the wind load of stack 10m/s and 20m/s calculates on the basis of the icing load of variant thickness, obtains stress value and the stress cloud atlas of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique under various load actions.
The weak link of positioning lead, ground wire and shaft tower then
In tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique; Under extreme icing weather condition; Icing load on lead or the ground wire is excessive; Make the stress that acts on lead or the ground wire surpass the pull-off force of lead or ground wire and the broken string accident takes place, the stress that shaft tower bears has surpassed the yield strength of shaft tower member, and the accident of falling the tower of generation.Through to (3) the even icing load that calculates of step and the anti-ice ability of the tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique under the wind action; Utilize program to draw out the stress cloud atlas of lead and ground wire and shaft tower respectively according to the line design characteristics; Promptly when overhead transmission line design ice covering thickness is 10mm, then draw the stress cloud atlas that the even icing load of 20mm calculates; Promptly when overhead transmission line design ice covering thickness is 15mm, then draw the stress cloud atlas that the even icing load of 30mm calculates; When overhead transmission line design ice covering thickness is 20mm, then draw the stress cloud atlas that the even icing load of 40mm calculates; When overhead transmission line design ice covering thickness is 30mm, then draw the stress cloud atlas that the even icing load of 50mm calculates.Analyze the stress cloud atlas and confirm the position of the maximum stress value of lead and ground wire and shaft tower, be the weak link of lead, ground wire and shaft tower.
Weak link to lead, ground wire and shaft tower resists the ice capability analysis at last
In tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique; Guarantee that tower-line mated architecture safely and steadily runs; Necessarily require the icing load to be no more than the anti-ice ability of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique, that is to say because the stress increase that load causes is no more than the failing stress or the yield strength of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique.Wherein lead and the ground wire effect of in tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique, mainly bearing pulling force will cause lead or ground wire to break the generation of accident meet or exceed the pull-off force of lead or ground wire when stress after.Bigger yield deformation will take place and cause structural instability in shaft tower after shaft tower stress surpasses YIELD STRENGTH, thus the generation that the accident of falling the tower of making takes place.Therefore through extracting lead, ground wire, the stress of shaft tower weak link under eight kinds of loads and passing through numerical fitting, in conjunction with breaking the anti-ice ability that stress or yield stress can solve lead, ground wire and shaft tower respectively.
(4) to of the correction of weak shaft tower with the inhomogeneous icing load that is prone to the inhomogeneous icing shaft tower in generation both sides
After the completion of (3) step; The shaft tower of weak link to even icing compute location of (3) step; And carry out inhomogeneous icing correction according to the shaft tower of the inhomogeneous icing of confirming in (1) the step mima type microrelief analysis in easy formation both sides; The modification method of inhomogeneous icing load is: select the shaft tower that need carry out inhomogeneous icing correction earlier; The shaft tower of the inhomogeneous icing of confirming in analyzing promptly according to the shaft tower of weak link of even icing compute location of (3) step, and according to (1) step mima type microrelief in easy formation both sides; The shelves of heavy icing are confirmed to be prone in the both sides of said shaft tower form according to the mima type microrelief characteristics in the back, apply thickness and do
h 1 (mm) icing load (trying to achieve according to formula (1) in (3) step) is that light icing shelves apply thickness and do at the opposite side of said shaft tower
h 2 (mm) icing load (trying to achieve) according to formula (1) in (3) step, said
h 2 For:
In the formula
k Be nonuniformity coefficient, that is:
In the formula
h 1 The ice covering thickness of the icing side of attaching most importance to,
h 2 Ice covering thickness for light icing side.Work as nonuniformity coefficient
k, be even icing at=0 o'clock; Work as nonuniformity coefficient
1 o'clock, be shaft tower one side icing, make the not extremely inhomogeneous icing of icing of a side.When shaft tower one side ice covering thickness is 40mm: when light ice covering thickness is 40mm, then
k =0, when light ice covering thickness is 20mm, then
k =0.5; When light ice covering thickness is 0mm, then
1.Select in the analysis
k =0,
k =0.5 and
1 three kinds of icing nonuniformity coefficients represent that even, inhomogeneous and extremely inhomogeneous three kinds of inhomogeneous icing loads carry out simulation analysis.
Concrete load is according to calculating the lead of resulting various different ice covering thickness or the unit icing load of ground wire in (3) step
L i (N/m); Heavy icing side confirming applies the icing load that ice covering thickness is 10mm, 20mm, 30mm and 40mm respectively; Apply nonuniformity coefficient in light icing side and be respectively 0 and 0.5 and 1 icing load; Carry out simulation analysis, calculate the anti-ice ability of tower under the inhomogeneous icing effect-line Fourier Series expansion technique.
(5) confirm the weak link and the anti-ice ability thereof of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique
After (4) step accomplished, behind the anti-ice capability analysis of lead, ground wire and shaft tower through tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique, through contrasting the weak link of definite tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique, and then the anti-ice ability of clear and definite tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique.
The present invention adopts technique scheme, mainly contains following effect:
1, the present invention utilizes existing " KML; EXCEL changes each other and adds navigation " program and Google Earth software; Select five kinds of typical mima type microreliefs that are prone to take place icing in the overhead transmission line, this had both guaranteed to assess the authenticity of anti-ice ability, had reduced the workload of assessment again.
2, the present invention utilizes existing ANSYS software, in conjunction with structure, material behavior and the power load that mainly bears in service of overhead transmission line, sets up tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model, carries out analytical calculation, thereby has guaranteed the degree of accuracy of assessment.
3, the present invention has analyzed the influence of factors such as calculating even icing, wind load, and has carried out nonuniformity coefficient and carried out the correction of inhomogeneous icing load, in the calculated amount that has reduced assessment, has further improved the authenticity and the degree of accuracy of assessment.
4, the present invention finds the solution the anti-ice ability of the peppermint link of definite tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique; Can choosing for coated by ice of overhead power transmission line on-Line Monitor Device installation site; And icing disaster alarm grade and threshold value of warning provide reliable foundation, so that in time take deicing measure, can effectively prevent the generation of icing disaster; Guarantee the safe and reliable operation of overhead transmission line, guarantee the reliable power supply of people's lives and industrial and agricultural production.
The present invention can be widely used in the assessment of the tower-anti-ice ability of line mated architecture of overhead transmission line.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a program flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a bealock type mima type microrelief synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a high mountain watershed divide type mima type microrelief synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is an aqueous vapor increase type mima type microrelief synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is an orographic uplift type mima type microrelief synoptic diagram;
Fig. 6 is air channel, a valley type mima type microrelief synoptic diagram;
Fig. 7 is tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model
Among the figure: 217# ~ 224# is a shaft tower number.
Fig. 8 is a ground uniaxial stress cloud atlas under the even icing of 20mm
Among the figure: MX representes the maximum stress value position, and MN representes minimum stress value position.
Fig. 9 is the even icing lower wire of a 20mm stress cloud atlas
Among the figure: MX representes the maximum stress value position, and MN representes minimum stress value position.
Figure 10 is 218# under the even icing of 20mm-223# tower stress cloud atlas
Among the figure: the MX indication is the tension maximum position, and MN is the compressive stress maximum position.
Figure 11 is ground uniaxial stress and an ice covering thickness relation curve under the different wind loads
Among the figure: curve a is ground wire maximum stress and ice covering thickness relation curve under the no wind load; Curve b is ground wire maximum stress and an ice covering thickness relation curve under the 10m/s wind load; Curve c is ground wire maximum stress and an ice covering thickness relation curve under the 20m/s wind load.
Different wind load lower wire stress of Figure 12 and ice covering thickness relation curve
Among the figure: curve a is no wind load lower wire maximum stress and ice covering thickness relation curve; Curve b is 10m/s wind load lower wire maximum stress and ice covering thickness relation curve; Curve c is 20m/s wind load lower wire maximum stress and ice covering thickness relation curve.
Figure 13 is shaft tower maximum tension stress and an ice covering thickness relation curve under the different wind loads
Among the figure: curve a is no wind load lower beam tower maximum tension stress and ice covering thickness relation curve; Curve b is shaft tower maximum tension stress and an ice covering thickness relation curve under the 10m/s wind load; Curve c is shaft tower maximum tension stress and an ice covering thickness relation curve under the 20m/s wind load.
Figure 14 is shaft tower maximum crushing stress and an ice covering thickness relation curve under the different wind loads
Among the figure: curve a is no wind load lower beam tower maximum crushing stress and ice covering thickness relation curve; Curve b is shaft tower maximum crushing stress and an ice covering thickness relation curve under the 10m/s wind load; Curve c is shaft tower maximum crushing stress and an ice covering thickness relation curve under the 20m/s wind load.
Figure 15 is shaft tower maximum tension stress and the ice covering thickness relation curve under the different nonuniformity coefficient icing loads
Among the figure: curve a is the icing nonuniformity coefficient
k =0 o'clock, shaft tower maximum tension stress and ice covering thickness relation curve; Curve b is the icing nonuniformity coefficient
k =0.5 o'clock, shaft tower maximum tension stress and ice covering thickness relation curve; Curve c is the icing nonuniformity coefficient
k =1 o'clock, shaft tower maximum tension stress and ice covering thickness relation curve.
The shaft tower maximum crushing stress and the ice covering thickness relation curve of the different nonuniformity coefficient icing of Figure 16 load
Among the figure: curve a is the icing nonuniformity coefficient
k =0 o'clock, shaft tower maximum crushing stress and ice covering thickness relation curve; Curve b is the icing nonuniformity coefficient
k =0.5 o'clock, shaft tower maximum crushing stress and ice covering thickness relation curve; Curve c is the icing nonuniformity coefficient
k =1 o'clock, shaft tower maximum crushing stress and ice covering thickness relation curve.
Among the figure: 1 shaft tower, 2 leads, 3 ground wires.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further specify the present invention.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, the concrete steps of the appraisal procedure of a kind of overhead transmission line tower-anti-ice ability of line Fourier Series expansion technique are following:
(1) selects the mima type microrelief line segment that is prone to take place icing in the overhead transmission line
At first; Utilize existing " KML, EXCEL change each other and add navigation " program, convert certain 500kV overhead transmission line gps coordinate table into the KML language; Import existing Google Earth software, form the three-dimensional geographic entity path profile of this overhead transmission line; Then, check road geographic entity completely, choose one section high mountain watershed divide type mima type microrelief line segment that is prone to take place icing by the path navigation of 500kV overhead transmission line.
(2) set up tower-line coupling body system finite element model
After (1) step accomplished, utilize existing ANSYS software to set up the electric transmission pole tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique model of the high mountain watershed divide type mima type microrelief line segment that (1) step chose.That is:
Choose BEAM188 beam element simulation shaft tower 1, LINK10 bar unit analog conducting wire 2 and ground wire 3.
After the completion of (2)-
step, import the shaft tower 1 and lead 2 and ground wire 3 finite element parameters of overhead transmission line respectively.The parameter of said shaft tower 1 has: employed Q235, Q345 and three kinds of steel of Q420 have identical Young modulus, Poisson density when, are respectively 206000 N/mm2,0.3 and 7850 kg/m
3, yield strength is respectively 235MPa, 345MPa, 420MPa, cross sectional shape be from L40 * 3 to L200 * 24 different angle steel.The model of the lead 2 that circuit adopts is LGJ-400/50, and ground wire 3 models are LBGJ-100/20AC.The calculating parameter of lead 2 and ground wire 3 is as shown in table 1:
The lead of certain 500kV overhead transmission line of table 1 and the characterisitic parameter of ground wire
Set up the finite element model of electric transmission pole tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique
(2)-
; Utilize existing ANSYS software; The structure of each shaft tower 1 adopts point, line connected mode in (2)-
step was provided with in the BEAM188 beam element of parameter according to overhead transmission line, generates the structural finite element model of each shaft tower 1.According to the parameters such as span, the discrepancy in elevation and shaft tower 1 corner of 1 in each shaft tower in the overhead transmission line, locate the relative position of each shaft tower 1.Then, regeneration has the finite element model of lead 2 insulator chain gold utensils and ground wire 3 gold utensils.At last, generate the LINK10 unit finite element model of lead 2 and ground wire 3, thereby set up the model of electric transmission pole tower-line coupling body finite element, as shown in Figure 7.
(3) calculate weak link and the anti-ice ability thereof of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model under even icing load and wind action
After the completion of (2) step; Tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model to (2)-
step set up applies boundary condition and load and carries out simulation analysis:
Boundary condition be set earlier and apply from the gravity load:
The setting of boundary condition is four nodes of column foot to every basic shaft tower 1, and the node at lead 2 and ground wire 3 two ends, carries out full degree of freedom constraint.Tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique be meant the load that tower-the line Fourier Series expansion technique is born from the gravity load under the self gravitation effect; From applying of gravity load is through program; Acceleration of gravity under the interpolation global coordinate system realizes that wherein acceleration of gravity is got 9.806m/s usually
2
After carry out the icing load and apply and calculate:
Calculate the ice load on lead 2 and the ground wire 3.In practical applications, with the icing of all kinds of adhering on lead 2 or the ground wire 3 and different cross section profile all convert for density be 0.9 * 10
3Kg/m
3Circular glaze section; The wall thickness of this hollow circular glaze section is equivalent ice covering thickness h (mm); When the calculating external diameter of knowing lead 2 or ground wire 3 is D (mm); When then the equivalent ice covering thickness of S.C. 2 or ground wire 3 was h (mm), the computing formula of the icing load Li of unit (N/m) of S.C. 2 or ground wire 3 was:
In the formula
L i (N/m) be S.C. 2 or ground wire 3 unit ice loads;
h (mm) be lead 2 or ground wire 3 equivalent ice covering thickness;
D (mm) be the calculating external diameter of lead 2 or ground wire 3; g
bBe acceleration of gravity.
Circuit adopt the model of 4 divisions be the unit ice load of the lead 2 of LGJ-400/50 be 4 *
L i , the calculating external diameter of its sub-conductor is 27.63mm, and it is the ground wire of LBGJ-100/20AC that circuit adopts model, and it calculates external diameter is 13mm, thus can the unit's of calculating ice load, be applied to then on lead 2 and the ground wire 3, as the imposed load of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique.And divide the load that applies 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, eight kinds of load types of 50mm to find the solution.
The ice load complete list of table 2 LGJ-400/50 type lead
The ice load complete list of table 3 LBGJ-100-20AC type ground wire
Carry out applying and calculating of wind load again:
Acting force is maximum when vertical with lead 2 or ground wire 3 bearing of trends according to wind speed direction, also is the most dangerous wind load situation, so this method is only considered the wind load situation that wind speed direction is vertical with lead 2 or ground wire 3 bearing of trends.
According to " 110 ~ 500kV built on stilts send a circuit designing technique rules (DL/T 5092-1999) " relevant regulations regulation, be perpendicular to the calculating formula of the unit level wind load of lead 2 or ground wire 3 bearing of trends:
Unit level wind load on lead 2 when not having ice or the ground wire 3
L n (N/m)
Unit level wind load on lead 2 when ice is arranged or the ground wire 3
L y (N/m)
In the formula: D is the line footpath of lead 2 or ground wire 3; H is an ice covering thickness;
α Be the blast nonuniformity coefficient;
μ SC Be lead 2 or ground wire 3 bodily form coefficients;
μ Z Be height variation coefficient of wind pressure;
μ θ The variation factor of the blast box haul that causes for the angle between wind direction and lead wire and earth wire 3 axis; V is the wind speed size, the m/s of unit.
The unit level wind load of the lead 2 of 4 divisions that circuit adopts is 2 *
L n Or 2 *
L y , the wind load of stack 10m/s and 20m/s calculates on the basis of the icing load of variant thickness, obtains stress value and the stress cloud atlas of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique under various load actions.
The wind load complete list of table 4LGJ-400/50 type lead
The wind load complete list of table 5 LBGJ-100-20AC type ground wire
The weak link of positioning lead 2, ground wire 3 and shaft tower 1 then
After load applies and calculates completion; At first, extract the stress cloud atlas of ground wire 3 under the even icing load of 20mm, as shown in Figure 8; Among the figure: MX representes the maximum stress value position; Therefore MN representes minimum stress value position, and as can beappreciated from fig. 8 ground wire 3 stress maximal values appear between 222# tower and 223 towers near 222# one side, promptly ground wire 3 weak links between 22# tower and 223 towers near 222# one side.
Then; Extract the stress cloud atlas of the even icing load of 20mm lower wire 2; As shown in Figure 9, among the figure: MX representes the maximum stress value position, and MN representes minimum stress value position; Can find out that lead 2 stress maximal values appear between 222# tower and 223 towers near 222# one side, lead 2 thin spots between 222# tower and 223 towers near 222# one side.
At last, extract the stress cloud atlas of shaft tower 1 under the even icing load of 20mm, shown in figure 10, among the figure: the MX indication is the tension maximum position, and MN is the compressive stress maximum position.Therefore, can find out that each tangent tower cross-arm master material has big tension, and angle tower 222# body of the tower has bigger tension and compression stress, and be this section circuit maximal value, so the weak link of shaft tower 1 is a 222#SJ61 type angle tower.
Weak link to lead 2, ground wire 3 and shaft tower 1 resists the ice capability analysis at last
After Positioning Tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique weak link, at first extract the stress value under ground wire 3 each load, the match of the line number of going forward side by side value obtains ground wire 3 stress-ice thickness relation curve, and is shown in figure 11.Break the anti-ice ability that stress can get ground wire 3 through bringing into, the anti-ice ability of ground wire 3 is about 38.5mm when 10m/s and following wind action, and anti-ice ability is 36.6mm when wind speed reaches 20m/s.
Reach the stress value under lead 2 each load then, the match of the line number of going forward side by side value obtains lead 2 stress-ice thickness relation curve, and is shown in figure 12.Break stress and can try to achieve ground wire 3 anti-ice abilities through bringing into, the wind load of 20m/s and following wind speed is to the not obviously influence of anti-ice ability of lead 2, and the anti-ice ability of lead 2 is about 20.5mm.
Extract shaft tower 1 maximum tension stress under each load at last; The match of the line number of going forward side by side value obtains shaft tower 1 tension-ice thickness relation curve; Shown in figure 13; Bring the yield strength of steel into and try to achieve the anti-ice ability that receives straining beam, influenced by straining beam to shaft tower 1 not obvious for wind load under the 20m/s, and evenly anti-ice ability is about 22.5mm during icing.Extract shaft tower 1 maximum crushing stress under each load; The match of the line number of going forward side by side value obtains shaft tower 1 compressive stress-ice thickness relation curve; Shown in figure 14; Bring the anti-ice ability that receives straining beam that the yield strength of steel is asked into, wind load is not obvious to the influence of shaft tower 1 strut-beam under the 20m/s, and evenly anti-ice ability is about 19.2mm during icing.
(4) corrected Calculation of the inhomogeneous icing load of commute generation icing section
After the completion of (3) step; Be the #222 tower according to (3) the weak shaft tower that obtains 1; And have the big discrepancy in elevation, big span between #222 tower and #223 tower and be positioned at the air port, so #222 tower right side not only forms heavy icing easily, and be the most dangerous inhomogeneous icing form.So #222 tower right side is provided with the icing side of attaching most importance to, and calculate nonuniformity coefficient be respectively 0,0.5 and 1 three kind of uneven icing form calculate.Extract maximum tension stress under each load, obtain maximum tension stress-icing relation curve under each inhomogeneous icing form through numerical fitting, shown in figure 15, among the figure: the anti-ice ability of shaft tower 1 tension member obviously weakens, and works as nonuniformity coefficient
k =0 and during even icing, anti-ice ability is about 23mm, works as nonuniformity coefficient
k Anti-ice ability was 18.2m in=0.5 o'clock, worked as nonuniformity coefficient
k Anti-ice ability had dropped to 15.7mm in=1 o'clock.Extract maximum crushing stress under each load, obtain maximum tension stress-icing relation curve under each inhomogeneous icing form through numerical fitting, shown in figure 16, among the figure: work as nonuniformity coefficient
k =0 and during even icing, anti-ice ability is about 20mm, works as nonuniformity coefficient
k Anti-ice ability was 15.9m in=0.5 o'clock, worked as nonuniformity coefficient
k Anti-ice ability had dropped to 13.6mm in=1 o'clock.
(5) confirm the weak link and the anti-ice ability thereof of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique
After (4) step accomplished, behind the anti-ice capability analysis through electric transmission pole tower line system lead 2, ground wire 3 and shaft tower 1, point out the weak link of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique and then the anti-ice ability of clear and definite tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique through mode of comparing.Because wind load is not obvious to the anti-ice ability influence of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique under static state or quasistatic, does not therefore have tower under the wind load-comprehensive thin spot of line Fourier Series expansion technique and anti-ice ability thereof in this comparative analysis.Aforementioned calculation can find out that ground wire 3 has higher anti-ice ability, and this is owing to ground wire 3 in design has adopted higher relatively margin of safety.Flexing at first takes place in #222 Tata body master material when evenly icing line ice covering thickness reaches 19.2mm; At nonuniformity coefficient is 0.5 o'clock; Flexing at first took place in #222 Tata body when the circuit ice covering thickness reached 15.9mm; Nonuniformity coefficient is 1 o'clock, and flexing at first took place #222 Tata body when the circuit ice covering thickness reached 13.6mm.The comprehensive thin spot that is to say tower line system is positioned at the #222 tower; Evenly icing is that anti-ice ability is 19.2mm; Attach most importance to the inhomogeneous icing form of icing side when carrying out inhomogeneous checking computations with #222; Nonuniformity coefficient is that the comprehensive anti-ice ability of 0.5 o'clock tower line system is 15.9mm, and nonuniformity coefficient is that the comprehensive anti-ice ability of 1 o'clock tower line system is 13.6mm.
Claims (1)
1. the appraisal procedure of overhead transmission line tower-anti-ice ability of line Fourier Series expansion technique is utilized computing machine, carries out analytical calculation through program, confirms the weak link and the anti-ice ability thereof of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique, it is characterized in that the concrete steps of said method are following:
(1) selects the mima type microrelief line segment that is prone to take place icing in the overhead transmission line
Utilize existing " KML; EXCEL changes each other and adds navigation " program; Convert the overhead transmission line gps coordinate into the KML language, import the dimensional topography characteristic path profile that existing Google Earth software forms overhead transmission line, then; Check road terrain feature completely by the path navigation of overhead transmission line; Landform in conjunction with being easy to generate heavy icing and inhomogeneous icing is analyzed, and filters out five kinds of typical mima type microrelief line segments that are prone to form icing, and choosing of mima type microrelief line segment will be the border tower with the anchor support; To improve the authenticity and the degree of accuracy of the anti-ice of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique capability evaluation, typical five kinds of icing mima type microreliefs are respectively bealock type, high mountain watershed divide type, aqueous vapor increase type, orographic uplift type, air channel, valley type;
(2) set up tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model
(1) step was utilized existing ANSYS software after accomplishing, and the mima type microrelief line segment that (1) step was selected follows these steps to set up tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model, that is:
According to the main member in the overhead transmission line is shaft tower (1) and lead (2) and ground wire (3) formation; In service at overhead transmission line; Lead (2) and the passive shaft tower of ground wire (3) (1) are mainly born shear stress and bending stress and axial stress; With the simulation of BEAM188 beam element, the lead of electric energy transmitting (2) is through insulator chain and gold utensil and described shaft tower (1) hinge; The ground wire (3) of acceptance and transmission lightning current is through gold utensil and described shaft tower (1) hinge; And described lead (2) and described ground wire (3) mainly bear axial stress; Therefore lead (2) and ground wire (3) finite element are chosen the LINK10 unit simulation, rationally select the true row that tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element is guaranteed electric transmission pole tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique simulation;
is provided with the parameter of simulation finite element
After the completion of (2)-
step; (2)-
gone on foot tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element of selecting; Import shaft tower (1) and the lead (2) and ground wire (3) parameter of overhead transmission line respectively, the parameter of said shaft tower (1) has: steel are Young modulus, Poisson ratio, density, cross sectional shape, the yield strength of Q235 or Q345 or three kinds of steel of Q420; The parameter of said lead (2) and ground wire (3) has: the initial strain when of equivalent cross-sectional area, Young modulus, density, Poisson; Tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element that (2)-
step was selected is provided with parameter, guarantees to simulate the accuracy of electric transmission pole tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique;
sets up tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model
After the completion of (2)-
step; Utilize existing ANSYS software; Be provided with in the tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element of parameter in (2)-
step; Adopt point, line connected mode; Generate the structural finite element model of each shaft tower (1); Corner parameter according to span, the discrepancy in elevation and the shaft tower (1) between each shaft tower (1) in the overhead transmission line; Locate the relative position of each shaft tower (1), then, regeneration has the finite element model of the gold utensil of insulator chain gold utensil and ground wire (3); At last; Generate the LINK10 unit finite element model of lead (2) and ground wire (3), thereby set up with the anchor support finite element model of the tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique that is the border tower, in order to the anti-ice ability of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique of assessing overhead transmission line;
(3) calculate weak link and the anti-ice ability thereof of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model under even icing load and wind action
After the completion of (2) step; Tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model to the foundation of (2)-
step; Boundary condition and load application are set carry out simulation analysis, that is:
Boundary condition be set earlier and apply from the gravity load:
Boundary condition is four nodes with the column foot of every basic shaft tower (1), and the node at lead (2) and ground wire (3) two ends, carries out full degree of freedom constraint, limits the boundary condition of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element structural analysis; Tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique be meant the load that tower-the line Fourier Series expansion technique is born from the gravity load under the self gravitation effect; From applying of gravity load is through program; Acceleration of gravity under the interpolation global coordinate system realizes that wherein acceleration of gravity is 9.806m/s2;
After-applied icing load calculates:
In tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique finite element model; Calculate the ice load on lead (2) and the ground wire (3); In practical applications, with the icing of all kinds of adhering on lead (2) or the ground wire (3) and different cross section shape all convert for lead (2) or ground wire (3) upper density be 0.9 * 10
3Kg/m
3Hollow circular glaze section, the wall thickness of this hollow circular glaze section is equivalent ice covering thickness
h(mm), when the calculating external diameter of knowing lead (2) or ground wire (3) do
D(mm) time, then the equivalent ice covering thickness of S.C. (2) or ground wire (3) does
h(mm) time, the unit icing load of S.C. (2) or ground wire (3)
L i (N/m) computing formula is:
Gb is an acceleration of gravity in the formula;
The unit icing load of lead for 2 divisions is 2 * Li; The unit icing load of lead for 4 divisions is 4 * Li, by that analogy, and thus can the unit's of calculating icing load to the model of different leads (2) or ground wire (3) and ice covering thickness; Be applied to then on lead (2) or the ground wire (3); As the imposed load of electric transmission pole tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique, and apply 0 respectively, the icing load of 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, eight kinds of different ice covering thickness of 50mm calculates, and obtains the tower-stress value of line Fourier Series expansion technique under various load actions; And stress cloud atlas
Applying wind load again calculates:
According to wind speed direction and lead (2) or ground wire (3) when bearing of trend is vertical acting force maximum, also be the most dangerous wind load situation, so this method is only considered wind speed direction and lead (2) or the vertical wind load situation of ground wire (3) bearing of trend;
According to " 110 ~ 500kV built on stilts send a circuit designing technique rules (DL/T 5092-1999) " relevant regulations regulation, be perpendicular to the calculating formula of the axial unit level wind load of lead (2) or ground wire (3):
Lead (2) when not having ice or ground wire (3) are gone up the unit level wind load
L n (N/m)
（2）
Lead (2) when ice is arranged or ground wire (3) are gone up the unit level wind load
L y (N/m)
In the formula: D (mm) is the line footpath of lead (2) or ground wire (3); H (mm) is an ice covering thickness;
αBe the blast nonuniformity coefficient;
μ SC Be lead (2) or ground wire (3) bodily form coefficient;
μ Z Be height variation coefficient of wind pressure;
μ θ The variation factor of the blast box haul that causes for the angle between wind direction and lead (2) or ground wire (3) axis; V is the wind speed size, the m/s of unit,
Two root leads of lead (2) according to 2 divisions are to be arranged above and below, and two root leads receive wind action simultaneously, therefore the unit level wind load of the lead (2) of 2 divisions be 2 *
L n Or 2 *
L y Two root leads of lead (2) according to 4 divisions are to be arranged above and below, and two root leads are arranged side by side in addition, have only two root leads to receive wind action simultaneously equally, therefore the unit level wind load of the lead (2) of 4 divisions be 2 *
L n Or 2 *
L y , the wind load of stack 10m/s and 20m/s calculates on the basis of the icing load of variant thickness, obtains stress value and the stress cloud atlas of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique under various load actions;
The weak link of positioning lead (2), ground wire (3) and shaft tower (1) then
In tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique; Under extreme icing weather condition; Icing load on lead (2) or the ground wire (3) is excessive; Make the stress that acts on lead (2) or the ground wire (3) surpass the pull-off force of lead (2) or ground wire (3) and the broken string accident takes place, the stress that shaft tower (1) bears has surpassed the yield strength of the member of shaft tower (1), and the accident of falling the tower of generation; Through to (3) the even icing load that calculates of step and the anti-ice ability of the tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique under the wind action; Utilize program to draw out the stress cloud atlas of lead (2) and ground wire (3) and shaft tower (1) respectively according to the line design characteristics, promptly when overhead transmission line design ice covering thickness is 10mm, then draw the stress cloud atlas that the even icing load of 20mm calculates; Promptly when overhead transmission line design ice covering thickness is 15mm, then draw the stress cloud atlas that the even icing load of 30mm calculates; When overhead transmission line design ice covering thickness is 20mm, then draw the stress cloud atlas that the even icing load of 40mm calculates; When overhead transmission line design ice covering thickness is 30mm; Then draw the stress cloud atlas that the even icing load of 50mm calculates; Analyze the stress cloud atlas and confirm the position of the maximum stress value of lead (2) and ground wire (3) and shaft tower (1), be the weak link of lead (2), ground wire (3) and shaft tower (1);
Weak link to lead (2), ground wire (3) and shaft tower (1) resists the ice capability analysis at last
In tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique; Guarantee the stable operation of structural safety of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique; Necessarily require the icing load to be no more than the anti-ice ability of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique, that is to say because the stress increase that load causes is no more than the destruction or the yield strength value of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique; Wherein lead (2) and ground wire (3) effect of in tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique, mainly bearing pulling force; Meet or exceed the generation that will cause lead (2) or ground wire (3) to break accident behind the pull-off force of lead (2) or ground wire (3) when stress; Bigger yield deformation will take place and cause the structural instability of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique in shaft tower (1) after the stress of shaft tower (1) surpasses YIELD STRENGTH; Thereby the generation of the accident of falling the tower of making; Therefore also pass through numerical fitting through the stress of weak link under eight kinds of loads that extracts lead (2), ground wire (3) and shaft tower (1), in conjunction with breaking the anti-ice ability that stress or yield stress can solve lead (2), ground wire (3) and shaft tower (1) respectively;
(4) correction of the inhomogeneous icing load of commute generation icing section
After the completion of (3) step; The shaft tower (1) of weak link to even icing compute location of (3) step; And the shaft tower (1) of the inhomogeneous icing of confirming in analyzing according to (1) step mima type microrelief in easy formation both sides carries out inhomogeneous icing correction; The modification method of inhomogeneous icing load is: select the shaft tower (1) that need carry out inhomogeneous icing correction earlier; The shaft tower (1) of the inhomogeneous icing of confirming in analyzing promptly according to the shaft tower (1) of weak link of even icing compute location of (3) step, and according to (1) step mima type microrelief in easy formation both sides; The shelves of heavy icing are confirmed to be prone in the both sides of said shaft tower (1) form according to the mima type microrelief characteristics in the back, apply thickness and do
h 1 (mm) icing load (trying to achieve according to formula (1) in (3) step) is that light icing shelves apply thickness and do at the opposite side of said shaft tower (1)
h 2 (mm) icing load (trying to achieve) according to formula (1) in (3) step, said
h 2 For:
In the formula
kBe nonuniformity coefficient, that is:
In the formula
h 1 The ice covering thickness of the icing side of attaching most importance to,
h 2 For the ice covering thickness of light icing side, work as nonuniformity coefficient
k, be even icing at=0 o'clock; Work as nonuniformity coefficient
1 o'clock, be shaft tower (1) one side icing, make the not extremely inhomogeneous icing of icing of a side, when shaft tower (1) one side ice covering thickness is 40mm: when light ice covering thickness is 40mm, then
k=0, when light ice covering thickness is 20mm, then
k=0.5; When light ice covering thickness is 0mm, then
1, select in the analysis
k=0,
k=0.5 and
1 three kinds of icing nonuniformity coefficients represent that even, inhomogeneous and extremely inhomogeneous three kinds of inhomogeneous icing loads carry out simulation analysis;
Concrete load is according to calculating the lead (2) of resulting various different ice covering thickness or the unit icing load of ground wire (3) in (3) step
L i (N/m); Heavy icing side confirming applies the icing load that ice covering thickness is 10mm, 20mm, 30mm and 40mm respectively; Apply nonuniformity coefficient in light icing side and be respectively 0 and 0.5 and 1 icing load; Carry out simulation analysis, calculate the anti-ice ability of tower under the inhomogeneous icing effect-line Fourier Series expansion technique;
(5) confirm the weak link and the anti-ice ability thereof of tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique
After (4) step accomplished, behind the anti-ice capability analysis of lead (2), ground wire (3) and shaft tower (1) through tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique, through contrasting the weak link of definite tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique, and then the anti-ice ability of clear and definite tower-line Fourier Series expansion technique.
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