CN102662162A - Precipitation estimation method using X-band Doppler radar - Google Patents
Precipitation estimation method using X-band Doppler radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a precipitation estimation method using an X-band Doppler radar. The X-band Doppler radar vertically points at a detection precipitation area and a drop spectrum profile of a precipitation particle is derived from a detected Doppler velocity spectrum profile so that an attenuation coefficient profile and a reflectivity factor profile of the precipitation particle can be calculated to establish a relation of k=c*Zd between the attenuation coefficient k and the reflectivity factor Z, and the relation is applied to precipitations within an area of 30 kilometer radius, thereby resolving an attenuation correction problem of the X-band Doppler radar and broadening the application scope of the X-band Doppler radar in precipitation. Further, a raininess can be calculated from the drop spectrum profile or a raindrop spectrum measured by a raindrop spectrometer and coefficients A and b can be obtained by fitting an equation of Z=A*Rb, so as to achieve a radar precipitation estimation. By using velocity data detected by an actual measurement of the Doppler radar, the whole procedure is carried out by adding a vertically pointing detection into the normal observation procedures, requiring few theoretical hypothesis.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the atmospheric science field, be specifically related to a kind of decay correction method and precipitation estimating method of X-band radar Doppler.
Background technology
X-band radar Doppler volume is little, in light weight, and investigative range is widely used in the emergency advance warning of early warning of Small and Medium Sized diastrous weather and local mountain torrents, city waterlogging generally at 60 kilometers radiuses.
The radar of X-band is with respect to the radar of S-band and C-band, and wavelength is shorter, and the precipitation in the atmosphere (rain, snow, hail etc.) particle can not be ignored the decay of radar wave, and especially when local strong weather occurring, the decay of macroparticle possibly influence the normal detection of radar.
Usually, the decay of normal radar is corrected and is adopted rule-of-thumb relation k=c*Z
d, wherein, Z is the reflectivity factor of the precipitation particles of radargrammetry, and k is an attenuation coefficient, and c and d are constant, are on the basis of Gamma distribution at the supposition raindrop size distribution, in theory, can calculate the approximate value of c and d.
Yet; In practical application; Owing to lack the raindrop size distribution data, general radar all avoids the use of the radargrammetry precipitation of decay wave band, and is to use like S-band or C-band radar; Perhaps use dual polarization or two-wavelength radar to measure precipitation, decay is corrected becomes the key factor that restriction X-band radar Doppler is used.
Why radar can be used for precipitation estimating is because the reflectivity factor Z of radargrammetry is relevant with raindrop size distribution, and precipitation also depends on raindrop size distribution, under certain supposition, can set up simple relation Z=A*R between the two
b, wherein, R is a raininess, A and b are coefficient.Because the wave beam of radar is propagated in atmosphere; And precipitation is the raindrop that fall earthward, and raindrop to the process on ground, receive wind, temperature, wet, the influence of pressing from aerial; Possibly increase, dwindle, merging, fragmentation; Therefore, the difference on surface precipitation and aerial precipitation life period, space and the intensity, this needs special concern in precipitation estimating.
Summary of the invention
To the problem that exists in the above prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of precipitation estimating method, corrects problem with the decay that solves the X-band radar Doppler, thereby enlarges the range of application of X-band radar Doppler aspect precipitation.
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of precipitation estimating method of X-band radar Doppler.
The X-band radar Doppler is used for precipitation estimating, and the decay that at first will solve the X-band radar Doppler is corrected, and decay correction method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) the vertical sensing of X-band radar Doppler precipitation area is measured the reflectivity factor and the doppler velocity of precipitation particles and is composed profile;
2) compose the drop-size distribution profile that profile calculates precipitation particles by the doppler velocity of precipitation particles;
3) according to the attenuation coefficient profile under the drop-size distribution profile calculating Mie scattering and the reflectivity factor profile of precipitation particles;
4) set up the relation between attenuation coefficient k and the reflectivity factor Z according to the attenuation coefficient profile that calculates and the reflectivity factor profile of precipitation particles, coefficient c and d are confirmed in match, thereby confirm the relational expression k=c*Z that decay is corrected
d
Utilize the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) FFT signal processor of radar Doppler; Can obtain the doppler velocity spectrum profile of precipitation particles when falling; Thereby derive the drop-size distribution profile of precipitation particles, and calculate the attenuation coefficient profile and the reflectivity factor profile of precipitation particles, just can further set up the relation between attenuation coefficient and the reflectivity factor; And with the precipitation of this relational application in 30 kilometer range, thereby problem is corrected in the decay that solves the X-band radar Doppler.
Utilize 1 above raindrop spectrometer of an X-band radar Doppler and periphery to unite the precipitation field in the estimation actual radar coverage, the precipitation estimating method of X-band radar Doppler of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) does planimetric position scanning with the minimum elevation angle of no atural object, obtain the reflectivity factor field of radargrammetry;
2) the X-band radar Doppler is done vertical sensing precipitation area, judges our station is whether the radar place has precipitation,
(i) when our station has precipitation, measure the reflectivity factor and the doppler velocity spectrum profile of precipitation particles, and compose the drop-size distribution profile that profile calculates precipitation particles by the doppler velocity of precipitation particles, change step 3);
(ii) do not have precipitation and certain raindrop spectrometer place when precipitation is arranged when our station, raindrop spectrometer obtains raindrop size distribution, changes step 3);
(iii) when our station and raindrop spectrometer position did not all have precipitation, coefficient c and d with default decayed and correct, and carry out precipitation estimating with default coefficient A and b, changeed step 6);
3) calculate the attenuation coefficient k in precipitation area, the reflectivity factor Z and the raininess R of precipitation particles;
4) according to attenuation coefficient k and reflectivity factor Z, match k=c*Z
dConfirm coefficient c and d, this relational application in the precipitation zone, is realized that the decay of the reflectivity factor of radargrammetry is corrected, and according to reflectivity factor Z and raininess R, match Z=A*R
bConfirm coefficient A and b;
5) correct according to decay and A and b are applied to the reflectivity factor through the radargrammetry of systematic bias correction, the precipitation in the estimation radar coverage;
6) precipitation estimating finishes.
Advantage of the present invention:
The present invention is through the vertical sensing of X-band radar Doppler precipitation area; Measure doppler velocity spectrum profile; Derive the drop-size distribution profile of precipitation particles; Thereby can calculate the attenuation coefficient of precipitation particles,, just can further set up the k=c*Z that concerns between attenuation coefficient k and the reflectivity factor in conjunction with the reflectivity factor profile that calculates
d, and with the precipitation of this relational application in 30 kilometer range, problem is corrected in the decay that solves the X-band radar Doppler, has enlarged the range of application of X-band radar Doppler aspect precipitation.Further, the raindrop size distribution from drop-size distribution profile or raindrop spectrometer measurement calculates raininess, match Z=A*R
bConfirm coefficient A and b, thereby realize radar estimation precipitation.Whole process does not need too many theoretical assumption from the speed data of radar Doppler actual measurement, just in the normal observation process, increases once vertical sensing and just can realize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the decay correction method of X-band radar Doppler of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the precipitation estimating method of X-band radar Doppler of the present invention.
Embodiment
Describe embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with Figure of description.
As shown in Figure 1, the decay correction method of X-band radar Doppler of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) the vertical sensing of X-band radar Doppler precipitation area is measured the reflectivity factor and the doppler velocity of precipitation particles and is composed profile;
2) compose the drop-size distribution profile that profile calculates precipitation particles by the doppler velocity of precipitation particles;
3) according to the attenuation coefficient profile under the drop-size distribution profile calculating Mie scattering and the reflectivity factor profile of precipitation particles;
4) set up the relation between attenuation coefficient k and the reflectivity factor Z according to the attenuation coefficient profile that calculates and the reflectivity factor profile of precipitation particles, coefficient c and d are confirmed in match, thereby confirm the relational expression k=c*Z that decay is corrected
d
In step 4), confirm coefficient c and d through least square fitting.
Utilize 1 above raindrop spectrometer of an X-band radar Doppler and periphery to unite the precipitation field in the estimation actual radar coverage, as shown in Figure 2, the precipitation estimating method of X-band radar Doppler of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) does planimetric position scanning with the minimum elevation angle (≤18 °) of no atural object, obtain the reflectivity factor field of radargrammetry;
2) the X-band radar Doppler is done vertical sensing precipitation area, judges our station is whether the radar place has precipitation,
(i) when our station has precipitation, measure the reflectivity factor and the doppler velocity of precipitation particles and compose profile and compose the drop-size distribution profile that profile calculates precipitation particles by the doppler velocity of precipitation particles, change step 3);
(ii) do not have precipitation and certain raindrop spectrometer place when precipitation is arranged when our station, raindrop spectrometer obtains raindrop size distribution, changes step 3);
(iii) when our station and raindrop spectrometer position did not all have precipitation, coefficient c and d with default decayed and correct, and carry out precipitation estimating with default coefficient A and b, changeed step 6);
3) calculate the attenuation coefficient k in precipitation area, the reflectivity factor Z and the raininess R of precipitation particles;
4) according to attenuation coefficient k and reflectivity factor Z, match k=c*Z
dConfirm coefficient c and d, this relational application in the precipitation zone, is realized that the decay of the reflectivity factor of radargrammetry is corrected, and according to reflectivity factor Z and raininess R, match Z=A*R
bConfirm coefficient A and b;
5) correct according to decay and A and b are applied to the reflectivity factor through the radargrammetry of systematic bias correction, the precipitation in the estimation radar coverage;
6) precipitation estimating finishes.
In step 5); At raindrop spectrometer place lattice point periphery (like 8 adjoint points); The difference of the reflectivity factor that reflectivity factor that the calculating raindrop size distribution obtains and radargrammetry obtain, looking minimum difference is optimum matching, like this; Each raindrop spectrometer all has a minimal difference; Calculate the mean value of these minimal difference, look the systematic bias that this mean value is the reflectivity factor of radargrammetry (bumping also in the supposition precipitation area raindrop dropping process, broken, process such as evaporate, condense is identical), and the reflectivity factor of radargrammetry is corrected.
It should be noted that at last; The purpose of publicizing and implementing mode is to help further to understand the present invention; But it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that: in the spirit and scope that do not break away from the present invention and appended claim, various replacements and to revise all be possible.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the disclosed content of embodiment, and the scope that the present invention requires to protect is as the criterion with the scope that claims define.
Claims (7)
1. the precipitation estimating method of an X-band radar Doppler utilizes an X-band radar Doppler and the raindrop spectrometer of periphery to unite the precipitation field in the estimation actual radar coverage, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) does planimetric position scanning with the minimum elevation angle of no atural object, obtain the reflectivity factor field of radargrammetry;
2) the X-band radar Doppler is done vertical sensing precipitation area, judges our station is whether the radar place has precipitation,
(i) when our station has precipitation, measure the reflectivity factor and the doppler velocity spectrum profile of precipitation particles, and compose the drop-size distribution profile that profile calculates precipitation particles by the doppler velocity of precipitation particles, change step 3);
(ii) do not have precipitation and certain raindrop spectrometer place when precipitation is arranged when our station, raindrop spectrometer obtains raindrop size distribution, changes step 3);
(iii) when our station and raindrop spectrometer position did not all have precipitation, coefficient c and d with default decayed and correct, and carry out precipitation estimating with default coefficient A and b, changeed step 6);
3) calculate the attenuation coefficient k in precipitation area, the reflectivity factor Z and the raininess R of precipitation particles;
4) according to attenuation coefficient k and reflectivity factor Z, match k=c*Z
dConfirm coefficient c and d, this relational application in the precipitation zone, is realized that the decay of the reflectivity factor of radargrammetry is corrected, and according to reflectivity factor Z and raininess R, match Z=A*R
bConfirm coefficient A and b;
5) correct according to decay and A and b are applied to the reflectivity factor through the radargrammetry of systematic bias correction, the precipitation in the estimation radar coverage;
6) precipitation estimating finishes.
2. precipitation estimating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the quantity of said raindrop spectrometer is more than 1.
3. precipitation estimating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the decay correction method of said X-band radar Doppler may further comprise the steps:
1) the vertical sensing of X-band radar Doppler precipitation area is measured the reflectivity factor and the doppler velocity of precipitation particles and is composed profile;
2) compose the drop-size distribution profile that profile calculates precipitation particles by the doppler velocity of precipitation particles;
3) according to the attenuation coefficient profile under the drop-size distribution profile calculating Mie scattering and the reflectivity factor profile of precipitation particles;
4) set up the relation between attenuation coefficient k and the reflectivity factor Z according to the attenuation coefficient profile that calculates and the reflectivity factor profile of precipitation particles, coefficient c and d are confirmed in match, thereby confirm the relational expression k=c*Z that decay is corrected
d
4. precipitation estimating method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the relational expression k=c*Z that said decay correction method is set up
dBe applied to the precipitation in 30 kilometer range.
5. precipitation estimating method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, in step 4), confirms coefficient c and d through least square fitting.
6. precipitation estimating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 1), and the said minimum elevation angle≤18 °.
7. precipitation estimating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 5); Said systematic bias is modified to the lattice point periphery at the raindrop spectrometer place; The difference of the reflectivity factor that reflectivity factor that the calculating raindrop size distribution obtains and radargrammetry obtain, looking minimum difference is optimum matching, like this; Each raindrop spectrometer all has a minimal difference; Calculate the mean value of these minimal difference, look the systematic bias that this mean value is the reflectivity factor of radargrammetry, and the reflectivity factor of radargrammetry is corrected.
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104820222A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-08-05 | 邓勇 | Rainfall radar real-time dynamic attenuation correction and precipitation calculation method |
| CN105866751A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Metallic ball calibration method for X-band solid dual-polarization weather radar |
| CN106324580A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-01-11 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Method for correcting radar echo attenuation based on microwave link network |
| CN106383349A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 贵州省江口县气象局 | Rainfall estimating system and method based on X-waveband Doppler radar |
| CN106501807A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 北京市人工影响天气办公室 | A kind of hail particle identification method and device |
| CN106501806A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 北京市人工影响天气办公室 | A kind of kind identification method of precipitation particles and device |
| CN108761576A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-11-06 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of X-band weather radar and precipitation station data fusion method and system |
| CN110082842A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-02 | 北京敏视达雷达有限公司 | A kind of precipitation estimation method and device |
| CN110691988A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2020-01-14 | 诺维美特公司 | Method for estimating a precipitation rate, in particular a rainfall or snowfall rate |
| CN111751826A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-09 | 北京大学 | Precipitation measuring method and device based on dual-polarization information |
| CN112213727A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-12 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Precipitation correction method of satellite-borne radar based on active and passive microwave combined detection |
| CN113093179A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-07-09 | 北京理工大学前沿技术研究院 | Insect density monitoring method based on weather radar |
| CN113655454A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-16 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Terahertz cloud-finding radar reflectivity factor calibration method based on millimeter-wave radar |
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| CN104820222B (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2017-08-29 | 邓勇 | The real-time dynamic attenuation of rainfall radar is corrected and precipitation computational methods |
| CN104820222A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-08-05 | 邓勇 | Rainfall radar real-time dynamic attenuation correction and precipitation calculation method |
| CN105866751A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Metallic ball calibration method for X-band solid dual-polarization weather radar |
| CN105866751B (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2018-06-08 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | The metal ball calibrating method of X-band solid-state DUAL POLARIZATION WEATHER RADAR |
| CN106383349A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 贵州省江口县气象局 | Rainfall estimating system and method based on X-waveband Doppler radar |
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| CN108761576B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2020-11-13 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Data fusion method and system for X-band meteorological radar and rainfall station |
| CN108761576A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-11-06 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of X-band weather radar and precipitation station data fusion method and system |
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| CN111751826A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-09 | 北京大学 | Precipitation measuring method and device based on dual-polarization information |
| CN111751826B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-06-08 | 北京大学 | Precipitation measuring method and device based on dual-polarization information |
| CN112213727A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-12 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Precipitation correction method of satellite-borne radar based on active and passive microwave combined detection |
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