CN102661979A - Method for preparing comb-like nanostructure zinc oxide gas sensitive sensor - Google Patents

Method for preparing comb-like nanostructure zinc oxide gas sensitive sensor Download PDF

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CN102661979A
CN102661979A CN2012101241330A CN201210124133A CN102661979A CN 102661979 A CN102661979 A CN 102661979A CN 2012101241330 A CN2012101241330 A CN 2012101241330A CN 201210124133 A CN201210124133 A CN 201210124133A CN 102661979 A CN102661979 A CN 102661979A
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zinc oxide
gas sensor
pectination
gas
nanostructured
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CN102661979B (en
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张红娣
龙云泽
于淼
孙彬
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Qingdao University
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Qingdao University
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of one-dimensional nanostructure semiconductor oxide gas sensitive sensor preparation and relates to a method for preparing a comb-like nanostructure zinc oxide gas sensitive sensor capable of detecting carbon monoxide under the condition of room temperature by utilizing a chemical vapor deposition method. The method for preparing the comb-like nanostructure zinc oxide gas sensitive sensor comprises the following steps of: firstly, selecting the growth condition of a crystal as needed; preparing comb-like nanostructure zinc oxide by utilizing the improved chemical vapor deposition method; then, dispersing the comb-like nanostructure zinc oxide to a gold cell array; connecting two adjacent cells in which the zinc oxide exists by using microelectrodes; and packaging in a shell by adopting a conventional semiconductor packaging process to prepare the zinc oxide gas sensitive sensor. The sensor works at normal temperature and is simple in structure, is low in power consumption, simple in preparation process and low in cost. The growing zinc oxide crystal is high in purity and good in completeness; the surface area of a gas contact reaction is big; the contact resistance is low; actions of gathering and conducting current are performed by the zinc oxide at the combed parts; and the sensor is high in sensitivity.

Description

A kind of preparation method of pectination nanostructured zinc oxide gas sensor
Technical field:
The invention belongs to one-dimensional nano structure conductor oxidate gas sensor preparing technical field, relate to a kind of method of utilizing the chemical gaseous phase depositing process preparation can detect the pectination nanostructured zinc oxide gas sensor of carbon monoxide at ambient temperature.
Background technology:
Gas sensor is a kind of senser element that detects specific gas; The incident that for example combustion gas leaks with anthracemia in using the carbon monoxide process happens occasionally; Usually; The adult stays in the environment of content 400ppm carbon monoxide, and the toxicity symptom in 2 hours is preceding metopodynia, will be in peril of one's life after 3 hours; So the detection to the qualitative or quantitative detection of inflammable gas and poisonous gas, monitoring, warning is essential.Present used numerous oxide gas sensor, working temperature need be provided with heating element usually at 200-400 ℃, causes its structure more complicated and power consumption bigger.For example, Chinese patent (application number 200810116300.0) has been put down in writing a kind of WO 3Gas sensor, and provided under 300 ℃ and 350 ℃ response curve to CO gas.ZnO is a kind of multi-function metal oxide semiconductor material, has good physical and chemical stability, is one of research and application gas sensitive the earliest, has just successfully developed the ZnO semiconductor gas sensor in 1962 like Seiyama; The research of the gas sensor of relevant ZnO mainly is the gas-sensitive property of ZnO pottery, thick film, film, form of nanofibers.In order to improve the performance of ZnO gas sensor; The way that adopts at present is a lot; For example through the ZnO semiconductor is mixed (doping elements has Co, Cu, Pd, Sn etc.); Thereby regulate Fermi surface the position, promote the absorption of molecule on the surface, perhaps change the microscopic appearance structure of ZnO, increase specific surface area.Adopt the pectination Nano ZnO gas sensitive of chemical vapour deposition technique preparation; Compare with traditional ZnO material have bigger specific surface area, bigger surfactivity and stronger adsorptive power; Can accelerate and gas reaction; Its gas sensor of processing can improve the sensitivity and the response speed of gas sensor, can at room temperature carry out work, does not need heating element; But the technology of preparing of this material does not also have disclosed more perfect overall technical architecture at present as yet, will be main task of the present invention and inquire into and this technical scheme is provided.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings such as gas sensor working temperature height that prior art exists; Seek to provide a kind of method for preparing carbon monoxide transducer; When having a certain amount of carbon monoxide toxic gas in the environment, this sensor can detect at normal temperatures and the variation through current signal responds fast, the gas sensor made from zinc paste pectination nanostructured fibers; On the vertical direction of single nanofiber, grow regularly arranged branch; Pattern is similar to comb tooth, increases the contact area of test gas and zinc paste, improves the sensitivity and the response time of sensor.
To achieve these goals, the present invention selects earlier the growth conditions of crystal as required, utilizes modified chemical vapor deposition process (MCVD) to prepare the pectination nanostructured zinc oxide; Again the pectination nanostructured zinc oxide is distributed on the golden array of cells, the two adjacent cells lattice that have zinc paste are connected with microelectrode, adopt conventional semiconductor packaging process encapsulation in the enclosure, prepare the zinc paste gas sensor; Its concrete steps comprise:
(1) prepares the pectination nanostructured zinc oxide with modified chemical vapor deposition process (MCVD): earlier quartzy bottle is lain in a horizontal plane in the horizontal quartz ampoule in the quick anneal oven; Quartzy bottleneck towards identical with airflow direction, put into the zinc powder of purity 99.9% on the position at the quartzy bottle end; Area load has the silicon chip of gold nano grain or glass sheet to be placed on quartzy neck; Produce the environment of rich zinc in the quartzy bottle, the oxygen that gets into quartzy bottleneck grows the ZnO nanostructured at quartzy neck generation chemical reaction on the substrate of silicon chip or glass sheet; Again quartz ampoule is evacuated to 10-2Torr, feeds nitrogen and remain on 1 standard atmospheric pressure; Be rapidly heated then, temperature was elevated to 700 ℃ in the annealing furnace in 10 minutes, and keeping flow velocity simultaneously is the logical argon gas of 90sccm; After 20 minutes, in quartz ampoule, feed the Oxygen Flow that 2% oxygen and 98% argon gas mix, kept 30 minutes; Close Oxygen Flow at last, feed nitrogen, make annealing furnace naturally cool to room temperature; From quartzy bottle, take out the substrate of silicon chip or glass sheet, its surface is covered by the ZnO of white nanostructured, uses scanning electron microscopic observation, sees the pectination nanostructured zinc oxide sample that self assembly forms by the scanning electron microscope sem photo;
(2) assembling of pectination Nano ZnO gas sensor: in the air-sensitive proving installation that routine is used; With pectination nanostructured zinc oxide sample dispersion to the golden array electrode of processing in advance with traditional micro-processing technology; Each golden cell is of a size of 5 * 5 μ m, connects golden cell respectively with two microelectrodes then, as both positive and negative polarity; And join with power supply and current measurement instrument, promptly constitute pectination nanostructured zinc oxide gas sensor sample;
(3) gas sensor is tested the carbon monoxide sensing capabilities: before the measurement; Air-sensitive proving installation to routine charges into nitrogen earlier; Other gases in the remover treat that the gas sensor sample current charges into atmospheric CO to be measured after stable again in the air-sensitive proving installation, and gas sensor sample measurement voltage is 20 volts; Charging and discharging the gas cycle is 8 minutes, wherein inflate and exit each 4 minutes; During inflation, close nitrogen, charge into carbon monoxide; During venting, close carbon monoxide, charge into nitrogen; 2-15 cycle so repeatedly; Use computer recording gas sensor sample current curve over time simultaneously, be the response curve of pectination nanostructured zinc oxide gas sensor, when carbon monoxide gas concentration was 250ppm, the electric current of gas sensor increased; After closing CO gas, electric current reduces.
The present invention compared with prior art, sensor is worked at normal temperatures, it is simple in structure, power consumption is little; Preparation technology is simple, and cost is low, and the zincite crystal purity of growth is high, good in integrity; The pectination of zinc oxide nano fiber has increased and the catalytic surface area of gas; Parallel to each other between the pectination nanometer rods, can reduce contact resistance, the zinc paste at the place of combing dry plays a part to collect, conduction current, the sensitivity that improves sensor.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a pectination nanostructured zinc oxide scanning electron microscopy electromicroscopic photograph of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural principle schematic picture that gas sensor of the present invention carries out electrical testing, wherein, and two adjacent golden cells of 1 and 2 expressions; 3 and 4 expression microelectrode lead-in wires, the arrow indication is across the pectination nanostructured zinc oxide between the adjacent golden cell gap.
Fig. 3 is the response curve of gas sensor sample of the present invention to CO gas.
Fig. 4 is the sensing capabilities principle schematic of gas sensor of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Below through embodiment and combine accompanying drawing to further specify.
Embodiment:
The concrete steps of present embodiment comprise:
(1) prepares the pectination nanostructured zinc oxide with modified chemical vapor deposition process (MCVD): earlier quartzy bottle is lain in a horizontal plane in the horizontal quartz ampoule in the quick anneal oven; Quartzy bottleneck towards identical with airflow direction; The zinc powder of purity 99.9% is put in quartzy bottle position, the end, and area load has the substrate (comprising silicon chip or glass sheet) of gold nano grain to be placed on the bottleneck position; The effect of quartzy bottle is the environment that can in bottle, produce a rich zinc, with the oxygen of bottleneck entering at neck generation chemical reaction, on substrate, grow the ZnO nanostructured; Again quartz ampoule is evacuated to 10 -2Torr feeds nitrogen and remains on 1 standard atmospheric pressure; Be rapidly heated then, temperature was elevated to 700 ℃ in the stove in 10 minutes, and keeping flow velocity simultaneously is the logical argon gas of 90sccm; After 20 minutes, in quartz ampoule, feed the Oxygen Flow that 2% oxygen and 98% argon gas mix, kept 30 minutes; Close Oxygen Flow at last, feed nitrogen, make stove naturally cool to room temperature; From quartzy bottle, take out substrate; Its surface is covered by whiteness; Observe with ESEM, can see that whiteness is the ZnO of nanostructured, its scanning electron microscope sem photo can be known the pectination nanostructured zinc oxide sample (as shown in Figure 1) of seeing that self assembly forms;
(2) assembling of pectination Nano ZnO gas sensor: in the air-sensitive proving installation that routine is used; With pectination nanostructured zinc oxide sample dispersion (as shown in Figure 2) to the golden array electrode of processing in advance with traditional micro-processing technology; Each golden cell is of a size of 5 * 5 μ m, connects golden cell respectively with two microelectrodes then and constitutes the gas sensor sample as both positive and negative polarity and after joining with power supply and current measurement instrument respectively;
(3) gas sensor is tested the carbon monoxide sensing capabilities: before the measurement; Earlier charge into nitrogen to the air-sensitive proving installation; Other gases in the remover treat that sample current charges into atmospheric CO to be measured after stable again in device, and sample measurement voltage is 20 volts; Charging and discharging the gas cycle is 8 minutes, wherein inflate and exit each 4 minutes; During inflation, close nitrogen, charge into carbon monoxide; During venting, close carbon monoxide, charge into nitrogen; So repeatedly 2-15 cycle, use computer recording sample current curve over time simultaneously, be the response curve of pectination nanostructured zinc oxide gas sensor, as shown in Figure 3; It is thus clear that when carbon monoxide gas concentration was 250ppm, the electric current of sensor obviously increased; After closing CO gas, electric current reduces rapidly, can see that this sensor has high sensitivity, good repeatability and good stability.
Common airborne oxygen molecule O 2Be adsorbed to the ZnO surface and form multiple negative ion, for example O -, O 2 -And O 2-, these negative ions can react when meeting with carbon monoxide CO molecule, form carbon dioxide CO 2Molecule, the electronics that discharges is got back among the ZnO, participates in conduction, has increased electric current; Pectination zinc paste is as shown in Figure 4 to the high sensitivity principle of gas sensing, can find out, compares with ganoid nano wire, and the nanostructured comb tooth has largely increased the contact area with the CO gas molecule; And what form between the comb tooth is parallel circuit, and the electric current on each tooth converges on combing dry, has increased total current; So pectination nanostructured zinc oxide sensor just shows higher sensitivity to CO gas at ambient temperature.

Claims (1)

1. the preparation method of a pectination nanostructured zinc oxide gas sensor is characterized in that concrete steps comprise:
(1) prepares the pectination nanostructured zinc oxide with modified chemical vapor deposition process (MCVD): earlier quartzy bottle is lain in a horizontal plane in the horizontal quartz ampoule in the quick anneal oven; Quartzy bottleneck towards identical with airflow direction, put into the zinc powder of purity 99.9% on the position at the quartzy bottle end; Area load has the silicon chip of gold nano grain or glass sheet to be placed on quartzy neck; Produce the environment of rich zinc in the quartzy bottle, the oxygen that gets into quartzy bottleneck grows the ZnO nanostructured at quartzy neck generation chemical reaction on the substrate of silicon chip or glass sheet; Again quartz ampoule is evacuated to 10-2Torr, feeds nitrogen and remain on 1 standard atmospheric pressure; Be rapidly heated then, temperature was elevated to 700 ℃ in the annealing furnace in 10 minutes, and keeping flow velocity simultaneously is the logical argon gas of 90sccm; After 20 minutes, in quartz ampoule, feed the Oxygen Flow that 2% oxygen and 98% argon gas mix, kept 30 minutes; Close Oxygen Flow at last, feed nitrogen, make annealing furnace naturally cool to room temperature; From quartzy bottle, take out the substrate of silicon chip or glass sheet, its surface is covered by the ZnO of white nanostructured, uses scanning electron microscopic observation, sees the pectination nanostructured zinc oxide sample that self assembly forms by the scanning electron microscope sem photo;
(2) assembling of pectination Nano ZnO gas sensor: in the air-sensitive proving installation that routine is used; With pectination nanostructured zinc oxide sample dispersion to the golden array electrode of processing in advance with traditional micro-processing technology; Each golden cell is of a size of 5 * 5 μ m, connects golden cell respectively with two microelectrodes then, as both positive and negative polarity; And join with power supply and current measurement instrument, promptly constitute pectination nanostructured zinc oxide gas sensor sample;
(3) gas sensor is tested the carbon monoxide sensing capabilities: before the measurement; Air-sensitive proving installation to routine charges into nitrogen earlier; Other gases in the remover treat that the gas sensor sample current charges into atmospheric CO to be measured after stable again in the air-sensitive proving installation, and gas sensor sample measurement voltage is 20 volts; Charging and discharging the gas cycle is 8 minutes, wherein inflate and exit each 4 minutes; During inflation, close nitrogen, charge into carbon monoxide; During venting, close carbon monoxide, charge into nitrogen; 2-15 cycle so repeatedly; Use computer recording gas sensor sample current curve over time simultaneously, be the response curve of pectination nanostructured zinc oxide gas sensor, when carbon monoxide gas concentration was 250ppm, the electric current of gas sensor increased; After closing CO gas, electric current reduces.
CN2012101241330A 2012-04-25 2012-04-25 Method for preparing comb-like nanostructure zinc oxide gas sensitive sensor Expired - Fee Related CN102661979B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109813760A (en) * 2019-02-28 2019-05-28 江苏理工学院 A kind of zinc oxide nanowire gas sensor and preparation method thereof
CN113155915A (en) * 2021-05-07 2021-07-23 山东鲁泰控股集团有限公司石墨烯高分子复合材料研发中心 Titanium mesh supported cobalt-based metal organic framework graphene nanosheet array and application thereof

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CN102288648A (en) * 2011-07-07 2011-12-21 刘文超 Zinc oxide nanostructure gas sensor and manufacturing method thereof

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CN101329357A (en) * 2008-06-27 2008-12-24 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 SnO2 thin film of vehicle mounted ethanol detection and preparation method thereof
CN102288648A (en) * 2011-07-07 2011-12-21 刘文超 Zinc oxide nanostructure gas sensor and manufacturing method thereof

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109813760A (en) * 2019-02-28 2019-05-28 江苏理工学院 A kind of zinc oxide nanowire gas sensor and preparation method thereof
CN113155915A (en) * 2021-05-07 2021-07-23 山东鲁泰控股集团有限公司石墨烯高分子复合材料研发中心 Titanium mesh supported cobalt-based metal organic framework graphene nanosheet array and application thereof
CN113155915B (en) * 2021-05-07 2023-02-24 山东鲁泰控股集团有限公司石墨烯高分子复合材料研发中心 Titanium mesh supported cobalt-based metal organic framework graphene nanosheet array and application thereof

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