CN102657070B - Construction method of seaweed germchit bank system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of a seaweed germchit bank system. The method comprises the following steps: 1, selecting a cofferdam pond place which is suitable for the growth of seaweeds and building a cofferdam pond; 2, constructing an artificial seaweed land in the selected cofferdam pond through adult seaweed transplanting and seaweed seed sowing; 3, carrying out tracking observation on the seaweed land constructed in the cofferdam pond, and after-transplanting adult seaweeds or resowing seaweed seeds; and 4, after the seaweed germchit bank in the cofferdam pond is constructed and enters into a stable state, collecting adult seaweeds or seaweed seeds from the seaweed germchit bank in the cofferdam pond. The cofferdam pond place is selected according to the following conditions: bottom sand is 0.02-80 micrometers and 12 centimeters in thickness and the organic content of sand is 2%. The construction method of the seaweed germchit bank system can continuously provide adult seaweeds and seaweed seeds required by ecological restoration and artificial seaweed land construction, and therefore seaweeds in natural sea areas are prevented from being damaged and the sustainable and healthy development of the marine ecosystem is maintained.

Description

The construction method of a kind of sea grass seedling storehouse system

Technical field

The present invention relates to the construction method in seedling storehouse, relate in particular to the system constituting method in seaweed seeds, seedling and adult sea grass storehouse.

Background technology

Sea grass is ocean unifacial leaf angiosperm, whole world sea grass divides 6 sections 14 to belong to, totally 66 kinds, there are 20 kinds of 10 genus (as Zostera marina Zostera marina L., the Zostera marina Zostera caespitosa Miki of growing thickly, Japanese Zostera marina Zostera japonica Ascherson & Graebner, red fibrous root shrimp shape algae Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino) known China Seas.Sea grass distribution area accounts for 0.1%～0.2% of global ocean area, all has sea grass growth in the torrid zone, temperate zone and area, the Arctic Circle.Sea grass bed, coral reef and mangrove forest are three large typical marine ecology maintenance systems; can stablize sediment; alleviate wave to littoral erosion; improve water quality; important primary productivity is provided, for secondary biological consumer provides food web, supports, for economy aquatic animals provides habitat and ensures that coastal tourist industry develops in a healthy way; to safeguarding the sound development of the coastal ocean ecosystem, protection coastal fishery resources have important function.And Global climate change and the ocean marine eco-environment that comprises the sea grass bed ecosystem that excessively exploitation causes worsens and local marine ecology is unbalance, causes more and more in the world the concern of national governments, research institution and research institutions.

But the adult sea grass of using in all sea grass bed Ecological Restoration Projects at present or the seaweed seeds of collection are all from the sea grass bed of natural waters, if continued, from the sea grass bed of a natural waters, unrestrictedly ask for adult sea grass and seaweed seeds, will inevitably cause adverse effect to the stability of original sea grass bed and sustainable development, even form the pernicious consequence of " robbing Peter to pay Paul ", cause originally fragile sea grass bed further to fail and even disappear.According to investigating, understand, in indivedual cofferdam sea cucumber cultivations pond, coastal area, have a large amount of Zostera marina (what Zostera marina was sea grass is a kind of), the sea area of closing on outside pond, cofferdam does not have or seldom has Zostera marina growth, and the growth and breeding that this explanation sea cucumber pond is Zostera marina provides good life condition.Have in pond, part cofferdam because Zostera marina overgrowth is dense, to sea cucumber results, brought very large operating difficulties, therefore, the main meeting of plant was not stinted manpower and materials the Zostera marina in sea cucumber pond is manually pulled out to work before sea cucumber results.These sea grass can directly be used as the object of transplanting, be supplied to the use of sea grass bed Ecological Restoration Project construction, and the sea grass in these ponds, cofferdam can normally breed, and produce a large amount of seeds, these seed collections get up also to can be used for sea grass bed recovery project, directly in open sea area to be repaired or that sea grass bed is to be reconstructed, sow.Yet, there is dense pond, Zostera marina sea cucumber cofferdam few, and the pond, cofferdam of newly opening up does not generally have Zostera marina growth.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the invention provides a kind of for sea grass bed Ecological Restoration Project provides can be for the construction method of the sea grass seedling storehouse system of seaweed seeds, seedling and the adult sea grass transplanted.

The technical scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention is:

A construction method for sea grass seedling storehouse system, the steps include:

(1) pond, cofferdam is also built in the place, pond, cofferdam that selected applicable sea grass grows;

(2) by the form that adult sea grass is transplanted and seaweed seeds is sowed, in selected pond, cofferdam, carry out the structure of artificial sea grass field;

(3) regularly the sea grass bed building in pond, cofferdam is carried out to tracking observation, and carry out after-culture adult sea grass or reseed seaweed seeds;

(4) until sea grass seedling storehouse, pond, cofferdam builds complete and reaches stable state, just can in seedling storehouse, pond, cofferdam, gather adult sea grass seedling or seaweed seeds.

In above-mentioned steps (1), selected pond, cofferdam site requirements substrate fine sand particle diameter is 0.02～80 micron, thickness is more than 12 centimetres, the content of organic matter 2% of fine sand, and can between high-tide period, intake at tide more than monthly having 24 days at least, the highest water temperature can not surpass 30 ℃, and 30 ℃ of duration of water temperature can not be over 10 days.

Technique effect of the present invention is: the present invention carries out the structure of artificial sea grass field by building pond, Chi He cofferdam, cofferdam, can continue to be provided for sea grass bed restoration of the ecosystem and artificial sea grass field builds required adult sea grass and seaweed seeds, avoid the destruction to natural waters sea grass, safeguarded the sustainable and healthy development of marine ecosystems.After once seedling storehouse successfully constructs, can by self nourish and generate (subterranean stem) and self that seedling storehouse is carried out in sexual propagation (seed) with maintain.In seedling storehouse, also can carry out holothruian cultures, for holothruian cultures provide a good growing environment, be conducive to the increase of sea cucumber output and the raising of sea cucumber quality simultaneously.Therefore, the present invention by artificial constructed and provide the living environment system that is applicable to sea grass growth to reach not destroy the sea grass bed of open water to complete the collection of seaweed seeds and provide stable can be for the object of the sea grass resource of transplanting.

Accompanying drawing explanation

1, Fig. 1 is the construction method flow chart of sea grass seedling of the present invention storehouse system.

Embodiment

The construction method of sea grass seedling of the present invention storehouse system means the construction method of seaweed seeds, seedling and adult sea grass.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, take and build Zostera marina seedling storehouse system and describe in detail as embodiment:

1, pond, cofferdam is also built in the place, pond, cofferdam that selected applicable Zostera marina is grown.

First, the local conditional in pond, cofferdam is carried out to fishing expedition, mainly comprise pond, cofferdam substrate situation, with fine sand or silt for well, the particle diameter of fine sand is generally 0.02～80 micron, thickness is preferably in more than 12 centimetres, and silt ratio is without specific (special) requirements, and the content of organic matter of silt or fine sand 2% is best.

Secondly, in pond, cofferdam, monthly have 24 days above can water inlets between high-tide period at seawater tide at least, the highest water temperature can not surpass 30 ℃, and 30 ℃ of duration of water temperature can not be over 10 days.

Finally, in suitable place, pond, cofferdam, build pond, cofferdam, with material, generally according to the shape and size in the conventional cement masonry of current existing culturing marine products or pond, Jun Ke， cofferdam, direct earth dam cofferdam, there is no specific (special) requirements, can suit measures to local conditions to build according to intertidal zone physical features situation.

Sea water advanced in pond, cofferdam do not have specific requirement, and the sea water advanced general and then natural waters flux and reflux in pond, cofferdam can change, and general incomplete withered, the seawater in pond, cofferdam is generally advisable to be no more than 3 meters; Salinity to seawater does not have specific (special) requirements, and natural waters salinity can meet the demands completely; After Zostera marina field in pond, cofferdam builds, only need to intake according to the tide is flowing and ebbing of every day on time, not need special curing measure; Omnidistance without adding any fertilizer or medicine, ecological, environmental protective.

2, in selected pond, cofferdam, carry out the structure of artificial Zostera marina field, by two kinds of modes below, undertaken

(1) adult is transplanted: preferentially select the central adult Zostera marina in other cofferdam sea cucumber cultivation pond to transplant.The concrete grammar that adult Zostera marina is transplanted has intubation, piece nail method, oyster shell method, turf method, mud basin method and body of rod fixing means, body of rod fixing means be by one end colligation of rope on the body of rod, at sediment, dig out a plantation hole identical with sea grass bundle diameter at butt end, the degree of depth in plantation hole is 5～7 centimetres, the rope of connecting-rod body and sea grass bundle is stretching, the body of rod is inserted in the sediment of bottom, plantation hole, the butt of sea grass bundle is put into plantation hole simultaneously, then the sea grass Shu Genduan being in plantation hole is buried with substrate sandy soil, reach the object of a root.

(2) sowing: the grass wrack seeds collecting is seeded in pond, cofferdam to be built, specific embodiment refer to the applicant CN101720661A patent documentation (application number: 200910260827.5, application name is called: a kind of type of seeding of seaweed seeds).

3, regularly tracking observation and after-culture are carried out in the Zostera marina field building in pond, new cofferdam.

Main observation Zostera marina growth conditions and breeding state, and regional area very sparse in pond, cofferdam is carried out to after-culture, concrete after-culture measure can be carried out according to the mode that built originally Zostera marina field, also can gather materials on the spot, adult Zostera marina is got in the place that Zostera marina density is larger in constructed pond, cofferdam on the spot, carry out after-culture, prerequisite is to have influence on the Zostera marina field having built, to impel as early as possible the stable and sustainable development of Zostera marina field in pond, whole cofferdam.

4, until Zostera marina seedling storehouse, pond, cofferdam builds complete and reaches stable state, be that artificial constructed Zostera marina field can self-reproduction, can produce seed, also can produce newborn Zostera marina by the root of crawling, by these two kinds of modes, can maintain Zostera marina field self population, scale and the density of Zostera marina are basicly stable, now just can think that seedling storehouse reaches stable state, then, can start to gather adult Zostera marina and grass wrack seeds in seedling storehouse, the master that is collected as with grass wrack seeds, only have under the abnormal luxuriant condition of adult Zostera marina in seedling storehouse and just can carry out the transplanting that takes of adult Zostera marina, luxuriant degree can meet or exceed 600 strains/m according to Zostera marina population density ²be considered as luxuriant.

After the system constructing of grass wrack seeds storehouse, in the seed bank system of pond, cofferdam, still carry out the normal cultivation of sea cucumber.

Applicable equally other sea grass of the present embodiment method, as the Zostera marina Zostera caespitosa Miki of growing thickly, Japanese Zostera marina Zostera japonica Ascherson & Graebner, red fibrous root shrimp shape algae Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino.

Claims (1)

1. a construction method for sea grass seedling storehouse system, the steps include:

(1) pond, cofferdam is also built in the selected place, pond, cofferdam that is applicable to sea grass growth, and selected pond, cofferdam site requirements substrate fine sand particle diameter is 0.02～80 micron, and thickness is more than 12 centimetres, the content of organic matter 2% of fine sand; Monthly have 24 days above can water inlets between high-tide period at tide at least, the highest water temperature can not surpass 30 ℃, and 30 ℃ of duration of water temperature can not be over 10 days;

(2) by the form that adult sea grass is transplanted and seaweed seeds is sowed, in selected pond, cofferdam, carry out the structure of artificial sea grass field;

(3) regularly the sea grass bed building in pond, cofferdam is carried out to tracking observation, and carry out after-culture adult sea grass or reseed seaweed seeds;

(4) until sea grass seedling storehouse, pond, cofferdam builds complete and reaches stable state, just can in seedling storehouse, pond, cofferdam, gather adult sea grass or seaweed seeds.

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