CN1026564C - Welding method for carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay material - Google Patents
Welding method for carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1026564C CN1026564C CN 91103837 CN91103837A CN1026564C CN 1026564 C CN1026564 C CN 1026564C CN 91103837 CN91103837 CN 91103837 CN 91103837 A CN91103837 A CN 91103837A CN 1026564 C CN1026564 C CN 1026564C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a welding method for carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay materials. The international patent classification numbers is IPCB22F. The existing and common welding method for carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay materials can unavoidably make crack generated. In order to solve the problem, the present invention promotes that the welding start temperature is under the high temperature above 900 DEG C, finish welding temperature is under the high temperature more than or equal to 700 DEG C, and the welding method for carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay materials can obtain satisfactory results. Therefore, the routine maintenance and periodic replacement of furnace tubes of an ethylene cracking furnace can save large amounts of high Cr. Ni alloy materials at high price in the productive practice, the maintenance cycle is shortened, and the present invention has obvious technical and economic effects.
Description
The invention belongs to carburizing heat-resisting alloy welding field, relate in particular to the welding method of carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay material.
There is not special difficulty in the welding of general austenitic heat-resisting allay material, and its welding method is that people are known.For example in " welding of austenite heat-resistance stainless steel " book, introduced for HK-40, the austenitic heat-resisting allay material of the trades mark such as ICr18Ni9Ti, the welding material that available composition is identical or close with fertile material (welding wire or welding rod), adopt straight polarity direct current or reversal connection, get weldingvoltage 20-25V, welding current 80-200A welding need not to give heat before the weldering, postwelding need not heat treatment, can both obtain gratifying effect.
But, in production practices, but proposed to weld problem with repair welding to the austenitic heat-resisting allay material after the carburizing.For example, the common used furnace tube material of the ethane cracking furnace in the world is and contains high Cr, and the austenitic heat-resisting allay material of Ni is as the alloy of series such as HP, HK, INCOLOY 800.Because Cr, Ni content height, the price of material are very expensive.The boiler tube of these materials in use acts on and carburizing in the time of owing to operating temperature (900 °-1100 °) and medium (lighter hydrocarbons, light oil, naphtha etc.).Operating temperature is high more, and the working time is long more, and carburizing is serious more; And the carburizing degree from inside pipe wall to pipe outer wall uneven distribution in gradient.Heat-resisting alloy furnace tube material after the carburizing is all separated out carbide such as M23C6 and M7C3 in a large number at its metallographic structure crystal boundary and crystal grain inside, causes its performance to become fragile, and the room temperature impact value is generally all at 0.5Kg-M/cm
2Below.This brings exceptional hardship for maintenance, the especially welding of critical process one boiler tube of pyrolysis furnace.Usually, as long as carburizing depth surpasses 2mm, welding will can't be carried out because of cracking, and be forced to more renew boiler tube, cause great waste.
Purpose of the present invention solves this problem that is proposed in the above-mentioned production practices with regard to being, proposes a kind of welding method of carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay material.
For achieving the above object; method of the present invention is; in the welding or repair welding of the austenitic heat-resisting allay material after carburizing; adopt with (for example noble gas protection tungsten-arc welding (abbreviation manual electric arc welding) of the identical welding manner of the austenitic heat-resisting allay original material of not carburizing; identical groove shape and size; identical welding conditions (power supply and connected mode thereof; voltage; electric current; speed of welding etc.) and identical welding material (with soldered mother metal composition identical or close welding wire or welding rod); it is characterized in that: before welding, the welding position is heated to more than 900 ℃; weld under high temperature after 10-30 minute in the insulation of beginning weldering temperature then, the weldering temperature is not less than 700 ℃ eventually.Preferably the weldering temperature is not less than 800 ℃ eventually.
The present invention be more particularly directed to a kind of welding and repair method of carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay material, adopt the same not identical welding manner of austenitic heat-resisting allay original material of carburizing, identical welding conditions and identical welding material, it is characterized in that: before welding, the welding position is heated to more than 900 ℃, weld under high temperature after 10-30 minute in the insulation of beginning weldering temperature then, the weldering temperature is not less than 700 ℃ eventually.Adopt heating, insulation and temperature regulating device make welding position all insulations well in whole welding and cooling procedure.Preferably the weldering temperature is not less than 800 ℃ eventually.The scarfing of welding position and groove all adopt machining process processing.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the curve map that the expression material is HP-Nb, the Ethylene Cracking Furnace Tubes that is of a size of Φ 124 * 11.2 is used the carburizing situation after 80,000 hours.
Fig. 2 is the high temperature tensile strength (δ b) of material shown in Figure 1 and the graph of relation of temperature.
Fig. 3 is the high-temp plastic (percentage elongation δ) of material shown in Figure 1 and the graph of relation of temperature.
The sampling mode of tensile test specimen is earlier along the vertical of the employed carburizing boiler tube of Fig. 1 and in the tube wall sampling core among Fig. 2,3, dig into 11 * 11 rectangular, and car becomes the tensile test specimen (its gauge length stretching place is Φ 5) of Φ 5, stretch on drawing by high temperature sample machine then, its phosphorus content is between 1.5-2.0%.
Fig. 4 is the curve map that the expression material is HP-WNb, the Ethylene Cracking Furnace Tubes that is of a size of Φ 103 * 7 is used the carburizing situation after 4800 hours.
Fig. 5 is the high temperature tensile strength (δ b) of material shown in Figure 4 and the graph of relation of temperature.
Fig. 6 is the high-temp plastic (moulding face shrinkage factor ψ) of material shown in Figure 4 and the graph of relation of temperature.
The sampling mode of tensile test specimen is earlier vertically to dig into 7 * 7 rectangular along what pipe was incited in the employed carburizing of Fig. 4 among Fig. 5,6, and then car becomes the tensile test specimen (its gauge length stretching place is Φ 6, and two clamping place is 7) of Φ 6.Its phosphorus content is between 0.7-2.4%.
Fig. 7 is that the expression material is the concentration of carbon distribution map after Φ 6 tensile test specimens of HP-WNb carry out artificial Carburization Treatment.
Fig. 8 is the high temperature tensile strength (б b) of test specimen shown in Figure 7 and the graph of relation of temperature.
Fig. 9 is the high-temp plastic (contraction percentage of area ψ) of test specimen shown in Figure 7 and the graph of relation of temperature.
Consider the Ethylene Cracking Furnace Tubes material of HP series material, consider that simultaneously the internal factor that is difficult to weld after the austenitic heat-resisting allay material carburizing is that too much carbide is separated out for using always.Therefore, the present invention is that exemplary has been carried out experimental study to the carburizing situation of austenitic heat-resisting allay material and the synthermal relation of mechanical performance after the carburizing with carbon containing and carbide alloy element higher H P-Nb and two kinds of materials of HP-WNb.The composition of above-mentioned two kinds of materials sees Table 1.
Table 1: the composition of two kinds of materials: (weight %)
Material C Si Mn Cr Ni Nb W
HP-Nb 0.37～ 1.5～ ≤1.25 23.5～ 34～ 0.7～ /
0.45 2 26.5 37 1.5
HP-WNb 0.35～ 1.4～ ≤1.5 23～ 33～ 0.7～ 1.2～
0.5 2.1 27 37 1.5 1.6
Result of the test is shown in Fig. 1～6.
Consider that Fig. 1～6 mainly reflect the carburizing condition with higher, in order to understand fully the outer surface of furnace tube carburizing than the performance under the low situation and the relation of temperature, Φ 6 test specimens with the HP-WNb material have carried out complementary testing research with artificial method for carburizing.The results are shown in Fig. 7～9.
According to above result of the test, can draw following some conclusion:
1. the temperature-room type plasticity of the austenitic heat-resisting allay material after the carburizing is extremely low, and is almost nil.
2. the intensity of the austenitic heat-resisting allay material after the carburizing increases with the temperature rising when carburizing is low, but when carburizing is higher, then raises with temperature and reduce.
3. the most important thing is that the austenitic heat-resisting allay material after the carburizing has high-temp plastic significantly.Though different materials and different carburizing situations have significantly than the temperature starting point of high-ductility and with temperature the different of the trend performance that increases that raise,, it but is its common law that plasticity increases with the temperature rising.And more than 900 ℃ the time, these materials all show has higher plasticity, all has enough plasticity when being not less than 800 ℃; Under the lower situation of carburizing, when being not less than 700 ℃, all also has suitable plasticity.
The technical measures that proposed foregoing realization the object of the invention again according to above result of the test the present invention are promptly: in the welding or repair welding of carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay material, adopt high-temperature soldering, promptly before welding, the welding position is heated to more than 900 ℃, weld under high temperature then, the weldering temperature is not less than 700 ℃ eventually.
Owing at high temperature weld, greatly reduce the welded temperature difference, thereby make welding stress be reduced to bottom line; Simultaneously, because the austenitic heat-resisting allay material after the carburizing at high temperature has enough plasticity, it is loose that welding stress is able to, and reduced welded structure Shu Du, thereby solved carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay material cracking problem.
When the weldering temperature was not less than 800 ℃ eventually, effect was more satisfactory.In addition, the inventor adopts heating, insulation and temperature regulating device, and the welding position all can be incubated in whole welding and cooling procedure well, and the result more.
Be preferably in beginning weldering temperature insulation welding again after 10-30 minute.Though the groove shape and size that the position is drawn in weldering are with the carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay original material is not identical, its scarfing and groove should not adopt method for hot cutting processing, and are advisable with machined.
It is HP-WNb to material that the inventor uses said method, size Φ 103 * 7,300,000 tons of Ethylene Cracking Furnace Tubes materials of 90% that carburizing depth reaches pipe thickness weld, and have all obtained gratifying effect, all do not find crackle through painted and X-ray examination.On the contrary, in contrast, weld, use the same method and check and find, near the welding melt run, produce parallel crack mostly with the austenitic heat-resisting allay material of conventional method after to these carburizings, have then from the weld seam crack initiation to mother metal.In a word, none crackle do not occur.
Embodiment and the reference examples of using the inventive method see table 2 for details.
Though the present invention is the austenitic heat-resisting allay material with HP40 series is exemplary experimental study success, and disclosed rule is that austenitic heat-resisting allay material is common.Put into practice verifiedly, method of the present invention is applicable to the welding of carbide alloy element after than serial low or suitable other the serial austenitic heat-resisting allay material carburizings such as HK40, incoloy 800 of HP40.Moreover, method of the present invention even also can be used for those in the long-time welding of using back austenitic heat-resisting allay material of the non-carburizing of embrittlement, for example welding of the HK40 material of chemical fertilizer factory's converting furnace because carbide is separated out.
Method of the present invention is applied in the production practices can obtains considerable technical economic benefit.
For example, method of the present invention is applied in the ordinary maintenance of ethane cracking furnace, to the carburizing boiler tube of crackle or other accident occurs because of accidentalia, can adopt repair welding to replace replace tubes, not only saved the direct cost of furnace tube material, and avoided maintenance steps such as roping, lifting boiler tube, dismounting bell, and saved maintenance load greatly, its direct and indirect economic benefit can reach more than 150,000 yuan.Facts have proved that adopting present technique can carry the previous day goes into operation, ethene per ton is by 1500 yuan, and every boiler tube amounts to 240,000 yuan by 60,000.Again for example, the method for inventing is applied in the replacing of Ethylene Cracking Furnace Tubes, can saves a large amount of expensive furnace tube materials.Because Ethylene Cracking Furnace Tubes mostly is the part and reaches the life-span earlier, just can become the local boiler tube of replacing with changing whole boiler tube with method of the present invention.300,000 tons of ethane cracking furnaces as certain factory have 16 groups of boiler tubes that are W shape, and every group has 4 boiler tubes.When the 4th of replacing reaches the boiler tube in life-span, if seriously carburizing but do not reach the life-span of next-door neighbour's the 3rd boiler tube, the 4th boiler tube that the employing commonsense method will have been changed welds with the 3rd boiler tube of serious carburizing, will crack, and certainly will connect the 3rd boiler tube and change simultaneously.After adopting method of the present invention, the 3rd boiler tube then can not changed, thereby reduces replace tubes.Its benefit is tangible.Owing to adopted special heater in the method for the present invention, welder's working condition improved.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of welding of carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay material and repair method, adopt the same not identical welding manner of austenitic heat-resisting allay original material of carburizing, identical welding conditions and identical welding material, it is characterized in that: before welding, the welding position is heated to more than 900 ℃, weld under high temperature after 10-30 minute in the insulation of beginning weldering temperature then, the weldering temperature is not less than 700 ℃ eventually.
2, according to the welding and the repair method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: preferably the weldering temperature is not less than 800 ℃ eventually.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91103837 CN1026564C (en) | 1991-06-15 | 1991-06-15 | Welding method for carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91103837 CN1026564C (en) | 1991-06-15 | 1991-06-15 | Welding method for carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1067840A CN1067840A (en) | 1993-01-13 |
| CN1026564C true CN1026564C (en) | 1994-11-16 |
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| CN 91103837 Expired - Fee Related CN1026564C (en) | 1991-06-15 | 1991-06-15 | Welding method for carburized austenitic heat-resisting allay material |
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