CN102648850B - X-ray projection data collecting system - Google Patents
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- CN102648850B CN102648850B CN201110047216.XA CN201110047216A CN102648850B CN 102648850 B CN102648850 B CN 102648850B CN 201110047216 A CN201110047216 A CN 201110047216A CN 102648850 B CN102648850 B CN 102648850B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to an X-ray projection data collecting system. The X-ray projection data collecting system comprises an X-ray source and a detector, wherein the X-ray source and the detector can synchronously rotate along a field of view, the X-ray source transmits an X-ray beam, and the X-ray beam passes through the field of view to be collected by the detector; and the X-ray projection data collecting system is characterized in that the size of the detector is smaller than a size needed for simultaneously collecting the X-ray beam passing through the maximal field of view; and the position of the detector relative to the X-ray source can be changed along a rotating route of the detector. According to the X-ray projection data collecting system, the image rebuilding of the field of view can be realized by utilizing fewer detector passages, so that the cost can be saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of medical device, particularly a kind of X ray data for projection acquisition system.
Background technology
Detector is one of key component of x-ray imaging equipment, it comprises plurality of channels, at present for X ray computer fault imaging (Computed tomography, CT) detector of system mainly contains two types, a kind of is plate, and a kind of is flexure type (cylindrical), and these two kinds of detectors all make it symmetrical about Y-axis in the X-Y plane of scanning motion through installing conventionally, wherein directions X is the direction of CT examination bed turnover CT frame, and Y-direction is vertical direction.
Fig. 1 is in current CT system, the schematic diagram of X-ray tube 3 and detector 1 (scan field of view, SFOV) synchronous rotary around one scan open country 2.Scanner field 2 in figure is that the maximum scan that CT system arranges is wild, and for every a CT system, its maximum scan open country determines, now all passages of detector 1 just in time can collect each data for projection through the X-ray beam of this scanner field 2.The rotate path of detector 1 is a circle (as shown in broken circle in figure), and each probe access (if passage in figure 11 is with as shown in passage 12) has rotated 360 degree.In Fig. 1 on same x-ray spread path A B, the X-ray beam AB sending at A point X-ray tube is detected device passage 12 and gathers after scanner field 2 decay, and the X-ray beam BA sending at B point X-ray tube is detected 11 collections of device passage after scanner field 2 decay, passage 12 equates with the X ray data for projection that passage 11 gathers in theory, therefore in the process of X-ray tube and detector synchronous rotary one week (being full scan), CT system can gather twice of same data for projection.This has just produced redundancy.In prior art, utilize this redundancy to carry out half scanning, be that X-ray tube and detector only need synchronous rotary angle (π+β), can obtain and rebuild the required whole raw projections data of image, wherein β is the X-ray beam angle 5 that X-ray tube sends, now temporal resolution T1=t
rot/ 2, t wherein
rotfor X-ray tube and one week required time of detector synchronous rotary, the diameter D1=2*R of scanner field SFOV
f* sin (β/2), wherein R
ffor the distance 4 from X-ray tube to scanner field center.
But, in actual scanning process, because scanner field is different, so the size of scanner field is also not quite similar, detector is enough large can collect the X ray data for projection through the fat or thin people of difference, different scanning open country conventionally.When scanner field less (as heart), detector only needs part passage capable of being to collect X ray through the data for projection after heart, and this has just wasted rest channels, and the price of each probe access is not cheap, and this can increase product cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of X ray data for projection acquisition system, to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.Detector of the present invention can change by the rotate path along this detector according to the size of scanner field SFOV with respect to the position of X-ray tube, making detector of the present invention that the passage of existing half number of detector only need be installed just can be in the situation that affecting imaging results, the image reconstruction of realization to scanner field, thereby saved cost, reduced the physical space that detector occupies.
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of X ray data for projection acquisition system, described system comprises a kind of x-ray source and a kind of detector, described x-ray source and detector can be around the wild synchronous rotaries of one scan, wherein, described x-ray source is launched an X-ray beam, and this X-ray beam is gathered by described detector through after described scanner field; It is characterized in that, the size of described detector is set to be less than the required size of X-ray beam simultaneously gathering through maximum scan open country; Described detector can change along the rotate path of detector with respect to the position of described x-ray source.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the size of described detector is set at least can gather the X-ray beam through half maximum scan open country simultaneously.
The time of described detector recording projection data meets: t>=t
rot/ 2, wherein, t is the time of described detector recording projection data, t
rotfor described X-ray tube and one week required time of detector synchronous rotary.
Further, described system also comprises a control module, and its size according to described scanner field is controlled described detector with respect to the position of described X-ray tube.
Further, described system also comprises an acquisition module, to virtual first passage under the one first X-ray tube anglec of rotation, this acquisition module is used for obtaining a second X-ray tube anglec of rotation and a second channel, first passage under second channel under this second X-ray tube anglec of rotation and this first X-ray tube anglec of rotation is positioned on same x-ray spread path, and supplements the data for projection of this first passage under the first X-ray tube anglec of rotation with the data for projection that this second channel collects under the second X-ray tube anglec of rotation.
Described acquisition module comprises an angle calculation unit, one second channel acquiring unit, one second X-ray tube anglec of rotation acquiring unit and a data filling unit, wherein, described angle calculation unit, for calculate the * Δ β of the angle at X-ray beam center described in described x-ray spread path deviation: θ=(n1-M) by following formula according to described first passage, wherein, n1 is virtual first passage under the described first X-ray tube anglec of rotation, Δ β is the angle step pitch of probe access, M is the total number of channels of detector, θ is the angle at x-ray spread path deviation X-ray beam center, described second channel acquiring unit, for obtaining described second channel according to described angle by following formula: n2=M-θ/Δ β, wherein, n2 is described second channel,
Described the second X-ray tube anglec of rotation acquiring unit, for obtaining the described second X-ray tube anglec of rotation according to described angle by following formula: α 2=α 1 ± pi+2 θ, wherein, α 2 is in the described second X-ray tube anglec of rotation, and α 1 is the described first X-ray tube anglec of rotation; Described data filling module, supplements the data for projection of described first passage under the first X-ray tube anglec of rotation for the data for projection that second channel is collected under the second X-ray tube anglec of rotation.
From such scheme, can find out, compare conventional detector, because the position of detector of the present invention with respect to X-ray tube can change by the rotate path along this detector according to the size of scanner field, so only need installing the passage of existing half number of detector, detector of the present invention just can realize the image reconstruction to scanner field, thereby reduced cost, reduced the physical space that detector occupies.
Accompanying drawing explanation
To make clearer above-mentioned and other feature and advantage of the present invention of those skilled in the art by describing embodiments of the invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing below, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 be in existing CT system X-ray tube and detector around the schematic diagram of the wild synchronous rotary of one scan.
Fig. 2 is an embodiment schematic diagram of X ray data for projection acquisition system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the present invention supplements X ray data for projection.
Fig. 4 is another embodiment schematic diagram of X ray data for projection acquisition system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is another embodiment schematic diagram of X ray data for projection acquisition system of the present invention.
Wherein,
1 conventional detector
2 maximum scans are wild
3X ray tube
4 distances from X-ray tube to scanner field center
5 cover the X-ray beam angle of maximum scan open country
6 detectors of the present invention
7 with the X-ray beam angle of detectors of the present invention
8X beam angle
11,12 probe access
21,22 scanner fields
The specific embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in more detail by the following examples.
Fig. 2 is an embodiment schematic diagram of X ray data for projection acquisition system of the present invention.X ray data for projection acquisition system in Fig. 2 comprises X-ray tube 3 and detector 6, scanner field 2 is consistent with the scanner field 2 in Fig. 1, X-ray tube 3 transmitting one X-ray beams, detector 6 can be around wild 2 synchronous rotaries of one scan together with this X-ray tube 3, and this X-ray beam gathers through the rear detector 6 of scanner field 2.In X-ray tube and the detector synchronous rotary process of a week, system can gather twice of same data for projection, so detector 6 of the present invention can be set to be less than the required size of X-ray beam gathering through maximum scan open country simultaneously, system just needn't all gather twice to all data for projection like this, thereby provides cost savings and store the required memory space of data for projection.
Preferably, the size of detector of the present invention is set at least can gather the X-ray beam through half maximum scan open country 2 simultaneously, the number of active lanes that is detector 6 is at least half of conventional probe access number in Fig. 1, preferably, the number of active lanes of detector 6 be in Fig. 1 conventional probe access number half or than half slightly many several passage of conventional probe access number, like this, detector only need gather same data for projection once, and cost is compared conventional detector and greatly saved with data space.Here, the frame for movement of detector 6 and channel arrangement etc. are all consistent with conventional detector, and just number of active lanes is different.
But different scanning open country varies in size, in order to make detector of the present invention gather the X ray data for projection through different scanning open country, the position of detector of the present invention through arranging with respect to described x-ray source can change along the rotate path (as shown in broken circle in figure) of detector.For this reason, the present invention also provides a control module, and it can arrange detector with respect to the position of X-ray tube 3 according to the size of scanner field, makes detector 6 change position along its rotate path (as shown in the broken circle in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5).Control module is controlled the position of detector 6 according to the scanner field information in scan protocols, if the open countries of exposing thoroughly such as the information that control module receives is abdominal part, control detector 6 moves on rotate path, until detector 6 is positioned at a side of Y-axis, can gather the data for projection of half scanner field; If the less scanner fields such as the information that control module receives is heart, control detector 6 to move on rotate path, until detector 6 is own symmetrical about Y-axis; If the information that control module receives is other scanner fields, control detector 6 and move on rotate path, make detector 6 can receive the X ray data for projection more than half scanner field.
After control module sets the position of detector 6, the position of detector 6 is just locked, and after this detector 6, with X-ray tube 1 around this scanner field synchronous rotary, gathers X ray data for projection with a plurality of viewpoints from detector 6 rotate paths.It is to be noted that the detector size of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is identical, just scanner field varies in size.
In x-ray imaging process, temporal resolution is a major criterion of assessment image quality.In Fig. 2, because needing synchronous rotary could obtain for one week, X-ray tube 3 and detector 6 rebuild the required whole data for projection of image, so temporal resolution T2=t
rot, and the diameter D2=2*R of scanner field SFOV
f* sin (β
2), β wherein
3the X-ray beam angle 7 of sending for X-ray tube.Here β
2only needs can pass half of scanner field 2.In Fig. 3, the arrangement of detector 6 is suitable for some larger scanner fields, as abdominal part.This arrangement is realized the scanning to larger scanner field by sacrificing temporal resolution.
All can in left side or right side that in Fig. 2, detector 6 is positioned at Y-axis, it gathers the data for projection through the X-ray beam of the scanner field 2 of half, the data for projection of second half scanner field 2 can supplement by obtaining the data for projection of opposite side on x-ray spread path, the data for projection that the data for projection of ordering as B in Fig. 1 can be obtained by A point supplements, so just rebuild the required whole data for projection of image when X-ray tube 3 and detector 6 synchronous rotary can obtain for one week.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the present invention supplements X ray data for projection.X ray data for projection acquisition system of the present invention provides an acquisition module, to virtual first passage under the one first X-ray tube anglec of rotation, this acquisition module is used for obtaining a second X-ray tube anglec of rotation and a second channel, first passage under second channel under this second X-ray tube anglec of rotation and this first X-ray tube anglec of rotation is positioned on same x-ray spread path, and supplements the data for projection of this first passage under the first X-ray tube anglec of rotation with the data for projection that this second channel collects under the second X-ray tube anglec of rotation.
The total number of channels of supposing detector 6 is M, and in Fig. 3, the right side of Y-axis exists a dummy detector 6, can by probe access from left to right number consecutively be 1～2M, wherein 1～M is physical channel, M+1～2M is tunnel.Now in Fig. 3 the detector size of 2M probe access just with Fig. 1 in the size of detector 1 basically identical.In Fig. 1, the data for projection of scanner field 2 on Y-axis right side is that probe access by Y-axis right side directly reads, and in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the data for projection of scanner field 2 on Y-axis right side can come to supplement as follows:
As shown in Figure 3, on same x-ray spread road on AB, because X ray is from the decay of AB direction process scanner field and same from the decling phase of BA direction process scanner field, so when the X-ray tube anglec of rotation is α 1 (rotating to the anglec of rotation that B is ordered from X-axis positive axis), when the X ray data for projection that should collect on tunnel 12 (passage in tunnel M+1～2M) equals the X-ray tube anglec of rotation and is α 2 (rotating to the anglec of rotation that A is ordered from X-axis positive axis), the X ray data for projection of actual acquisition on true passage 11.So just can be by the data for projection collecting from passage 11 for supplementing the data for projection of tunnel 12.
Acquisition module comprises an angle calculation unit, a second channel acquiring unit, a second X-ray tube anglec of rotation acquiring unit and a data supplementary units.Wherein:
Angle calculation unit, departs from the angle at described X-ray beam center for calculating described x-ray spread path A B according to virtual first passage 12 by following formula (1):
θ＝(n1-M)*Δβ (1)
Wherein, n1 is 1 time virtual first passage 12 of described the first X-ray tube anglec of rotation α, and Δ β is the angle step pitch of passage in detector 6, the true total number of channels that M is detector of the present invention, and θ is that x-ray spread path A B departs from the angle at X-ray beam center.
Second channel acquiring unit, for obtaining described second channel 11 according to described angle by following formula (2):
n2＝M-θ/Δβ (2)
Wherein, n2 is described second channel.
Here, formula (1) can be deformed into following formula (3):
n1＝M+θ/Δβ (3)
Relatively formula (2) and (3) can draw: virtual first passage n1 and real second channel n2 are mirror image symmetries about central passage M.
The second X-ray tube anglec of rotation acquiring unit, for obtaining the described second X-ray tube anglec of rotation according to described angle by following formula (4):
α2＝α1±pi+φ (4)
Due to φ=2 θ, so
α2＝α1±pi+2θ (5)
Wherein, α 2 is in the described second X-ray tube anglec of rotation, and α 1 is the described first X-ray tube anglec of rotation.α 2=α 1-pi+2 θ in the embodiment of Fig. 3.
Data filling module, supplements the data for projection of tunnel n1 under α 1 for the data for projection that true passage n2 is collected for 2 times at α.
Repeat said process, just can obtain the X ray data for projection of tunnel M+1～2M under α 1, and then obtain the X ray data for projection of tunnel M+1～2M under any X-ray tube anglec of rotation, thereby make x-ray imaging system carry out image reconstruction according to these data.The result of the X ray data for projection that detector of the present invention obtains after image reconstruction is consistent with the result of rebuilding image with the data for projection of conventional detector collection, and visible X ray data for projection acquisition system of the present invention can utilize less cost to carry out data acquisition in the situation that not affecting imaging results.
Fig. 4 is another embodiment schematic diagram of X ray data for projection acquisition system of the present invention.If scanner field is less, as head etc., detector 6 is symmetrical through arranging about Y-axis.Fig. 4 compared to Figure 1, just scanner field 21 is less, although comparing the number of active lanes of detector 1, detector 6 reduces by half, but detector 6 is still about Y-axis and scanner field 21 centrosymmetry, so only need carry out half scanning to scanner field 21 in Fig. 4, can obtain the required whole raw projections data of reconstruction image, so temporal resolution T3=t
rot/ 2, equate with the temporal resolution in Fig. 1, but the diameter D3=2*R of scanner field SFOV
f* sin (β
2/ 2).This arrangement is suitable for some scanner fields that need high time resolution, as heart, head etc.
Fig. 5 is another embodiment schematic diagram of X ray data for projection acquisition system of the present invention.If scanner field is open country neither abdominal part etc. expose thoroughly, also the less scanner field such as non-head, temporal resolution is not required yet, detector can be arranged as shown in Figure 5 simultaneously, and detector 6 can collect the data for projection through the X-ray beam more than half scanner field.In figure, the size of scanner field 22 arrives between scanner field 2 between scanner field 21.Temporal resolution T4 meets: t
rot/ 2≤T4≤t
rot, the diameter D4=2*R of scanner field SFOV
f* sin (β
3), β wherein
3for passing the required X-ray beam angle 8 of half scanner field.
In Fig. 5, Y-axis right side does not have the scanner field of detector recording projection data, and its data for projection can obtain according to the mode shown in Fig. 3, repeats no more here.
It is pointed out that in addition detector of the present invention is relatively good for the data acquisition effect of X ray fladellum and thinner cone beam, to the imaging effect of other cone beams, relative mistake is a little.So X ray data for projection acquisition system of the present invention is single CT, double CT and 4 row CT preferably.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an X ray data for projection acquisition system, described system comprises a kind of x-ray source (3) and a kind of detector (6), described x-ray source (3) and detector (6) can be around wild (2,21, the 22) synchronous rotaries of one scan, wherein,
Described x-ray source is launched an X-ray beam, and this X-ray beam is gathered by described detector (6) through after described scanner field; It is characterized in that,
The size of described detector is set to be less than the required size of X-ray beam simultaneously gathering through maximum scan open country;
Described detector can change along the rotate path of detector with respect to the position of described x-ray source;
Described system also comprises an acquisition module, to virtual first passage under the one first X-ray tube anglec of rotation, this acquisition module is used for obtaining a second X-ray tube anglec of rotation and a second channel, first passage under second channel under this second X-ray tube anglec of rotation and this first X-ray tube anglec of rotation is positioned on same x-ray spread path, and supplements the data for projection of this first passage under the first X-ray tube anglec of rotation with the data for projection that this second channel collects under the second X-ray tube anglec of rotation;
Described acquisition module comprises an angle calculation unit, a second channel acquiring unit, one second X-ray tube anglec of rotation acquiring unit and a data filling unit, wherein,
Described angle calculation unit, for calculate the angle at X-ray beam center described in described x-ray spread path deviation by following formula according to described first passage:
θ=(n1-M)*△β，
Wherein, n1 is virtual first passage under the described first X-ray tube anglec of rotation, the angle step pitch that △ β is probe access, and the total number of channels that M is detector, θ is the angle at x-ray spread path deviation X-ray beam center;
Described second channel acquiring unit, for obtaining described second channel by following formula:
n2=M-θ/△β，
Wherein, n2 is described second channel;
Described the second X-ray tube anglec of rotation acquiring unit, for obtain the described second X-ray tube anglec of rotation by following formula:
α2=α1±pi+2θ，
Wherein, α 2 is in the described second X-ray tube anglec of rotation, and α 1 is the described first X-ray tube anglec of rotation;
Described data filling unit, supplements the data for projection of described first passage under the first X-ray tube anglec of rotation for the data for projection that second channel is collected under the second X-ray tube anglec of rotation.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the size of described detector is set at least can gather the X-ray beam through half maximum scan open country simultaneously.
3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the time of described detector recording projection data meets:
t≥t
rot／2，
Wherein, t is the time of described detector recording projection data, t
rotfor described X-ray tube and one week required time of detector synchronous rotary.
4. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described system also comprises a control module, and its size according to described scanner field is controlled described detector with respect to the position of X-ray tube.
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