CN102647250A - Cooperative communication method based on clustering sphere decoding in virtual MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) - Google Patents
Cooperative communication method based on clustering sphere decoding in virtual MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cooperative communication method based on clustering sphere decoding in virtual MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output). The cooperative communication method comprises the following steps of: at first, clustering sensor nodes in a wireless sensing network by using a load balanced type responsive distributed clustering algorithm (RDCA); secondly, selecting a cooperative node (CN) of each cluster head after clustering; thirdly, transferring a cluster head node (CH) to the cooperative node (CN) after data combination; and finally, commonly sending data to a convergence point, and using a sphere decoding algorithm at a receiving end, so that the transmission efficiency of the wireless sensing network is improved by compromising complexity and error rate property. With the adoption of the method, the advantages of space-time coding are expanded into a plurality of clusters, and the cooperative control among the clusters in a traditional scheme is avoided. Meanwhile, the improved sphere decoding strategy is used at the receiving end, so that the transmission efficiency of the wireless sensing network is improved by improving a throughput rate of the entire wireless sensing network system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the wireless cooperation communications field, especially, in particular, relate to a kind of collaboration communication method in the virtual MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put) based on sub-clustering sphere decoding in the virtual MIMO to radio sensing network.
Background technology
Radio sensing network combines multinomial technology such as sensing technology, wireless communication technology, embedded technology, can be widely used in a plurality of fields such as military affairs, medical treatment, commercial affairs and family, has obtained the extensive concern of academia and industrial quarters in recent years.Radio sensing network need improve signal to noise ratio through suitable manner under less transmitting power, reduce the error rate; Prolong communication distance, enlarge network range, reduce the number of times of redundant repeating transmission and transistroute; Increase the data throughout of channel indirectly, improve efficiency of transmission.Virtual MIMO technology effectively improves one of technology of efficiency of transmission as radio sensing network, make full use of the characteristic of sensor network high node density, carries out collaboration type information processing and transmission through allowing a plurality of single antenna nodes; Constitute a virtual MIMO aerial array; Communicate by letter reliably under multipath fading environments with less total energy consumption, thereby prolong network life, improve data reliability; Reduce the error rate, and then improve the throughput of whole transmission system.Sensor node in the radio sensing network can still can reduce network size according to the special algorithm sub-clustering at present.When running into a plurality of bunches, need simultaneously when data center (AP) sends data, not only can influence the real-time of transmission system, also can produce access conflict.In order to prevent access conflict, traditional scheme is: coordinate each sub-clustering, introduce the priority control strategy, reduced the efficiency of transmission of wireless sensing network system.In addition in traditional scheme; At first adopt the linear receiver of low complex degree to the VBLAST system; Its decode procedure is equivalent to the data flow of separating emission with a linear filter; Then each data flow is adjudicated separately, linear codec algorithm commonly used during judgement is: compel zero and detect (ZF) algorithm and least mean-square error (MMSE) algorithm.Urgent zero detection algorithm wherein can be ignored the influence of Noise Correlation, and (error rate (BER:bit error ratio) is to weigh the data indexs of transfer of data accuracy at the appointed time to reduce the error rate (BER) performance.The gross yards * 100% of the error code in the error rate=transmission/transmitted.) and though the MMSE algorithm is traded off with weakening to have on the adjacent signal interference in the reduction noise jamming preferably, the error rate BER performance does not improve.And two kinds above-mentionedly compeled zero and detect the special construction that (ZF) linear codec algorithm and least mean-square error (MMSE) linear codec algorithm are not all considered many bunches of channel matrixes; Need to calculate the inverse matrix of multi-dimensional matrix; Its decoding complex degree is high; The preliminary treatment complexity is still bigger, still can reduce efficiency of transmission.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to above technical problem; A kind of collaboration communication method based on sub-clustering sphere decoding in the virtual MIMO has been proposed; This method expands to a plurality of sub-clusterings to the advantage of Space Time Coding; Avoided the coordination control between traditional scheme bunch, adopted improved sphere decoding strategy at receiving terminal simultaneously, thereby the throughput that has improved whole wireless sensing network system improves the efficiency of transmission of radio sensing network.
For reaching the foregoing invention purpose; Design of the present invention is: at first the sensor node in the radio sensing network is adopted response type distribution sub-clustering algorithm (RDCA) sub-clustering of load balance; After sub-clustering, choose the cooperative node (CN) of each bunch head then,, send data to convergent point at last jointly being transmitted to cooperative node (CN) after leader cluster node (CH) fused data; Adopt the sphere decoding algorithm at receiving terminal, reach in complexity and the compromise efficiency of transmission that improves radio sensing network of bit error rate performance.
According to above-mentioned inventive concept, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of collaboration communication method of the present invention based on sub-clustering sphere decoding in the virtual MIMO, these method concrete steps are following:
(1), in the virtual MIMO territory leader cluster node (CH) from bunch in acquisition node (ED) select several cooperative nodes (CN);
(2), communications in local bunch; Used duration is 2 kinds of states; A kind of duration is
; Another kind is
; 2 kinds of status wheel flow out at present, and duration satisfies
in whole communication transmission process;
(3), cooperative node (CN) and data center (AP) telecommunication transmission; Used duration is 2 kinds of states; A kind of duration is
; Another kind is
; 2 kinds of status wheel flow out at present, and duration satisfies
in whole communication transmission process;
(4), definition is the threshold value that electric weight exhausts less than the value of supplying power separately of terminal acquisition node (ED) in the radio communication; Judge the threshold value whether independent power supply value of each terminal acquisition node exhausts greater than electric weight successively; If the independent power supply value of terminal acquisition node is equal to or greater than the threshold value that electric weight exhausts, then change step (1), this terminal acquisition node is participated in the next round communications; Otherwise this terminal is gathered and is not participated in the next round communications, and communications finishes.
Above-mentioned steps (1) described in the virtual MIMO territory leader cluster node (CH) from bunch in acquisition node (ED) select several cooperative nodes (CN), its concrete steps are following:
(1-1), in the virtual MIMO territory according to the size of the radio sensing network node supplying cell dump energy of all acquisition nodes (ED), select leader cluster node (CH) by response type distribution sub-clustering algorithm (RDCA); A non-bunch of acquisition node is then selected bunch head separately according to the cost function based on beeline (closest) with load balance performance;
(1-2), after sub-clustering forms, leader cluster node (CH) adopts time division multiple access (TDMA) mode to distribute time slot to acquisition node in each bunch (ED), disturbs to reduce transmission, transfer of data in being convenient to bunch;
(1-3), leader cluster node (CH) can from bunch in choose several cooperative nodes (CN) the acquisition node.
Communications in described this locality of above-mentioned steps (2) bunch, its concrete steps are following:
(2-1), terminal acquisition node (ED) sends to this leader cluster node (CH) according to the tdma slot of step (1-3) distribution with data in turn;
(2-2), all data that will collect of leader cluster node (CH) converge together with its data;
(2-3), then with the data flow string after the polymerization and convert the Nt sub-streams to and broadcast to corresponding cooperative node (CN);
The described cooperative node of above-mentioned steps (3) (CN) transmits with the telecommunication of data center (AP), and its concrete steps are following:
(3-1), the cooperative node of each bunch (CN) carries out space-time block coding (STBC) coding to data respectively;
(3-2), the STBC data flow with each bunch adopts traditional VBLAST mode to be transferred to data center (AP);
(3-3), the collaboration type VBLAST antenna node of receiving terminal is sampled to the data that receive and is quantized; Processed data stream sends to data center (AP) recovery of decoding, and adopts modified model sphere decoding (SD) algorithm to decode to received signal at receiving terminal;
The decoding that the described processed data stream of above-mentioned steps (3-3) sends to data center (AP) recovers, and adopts modified model sphere decoding (SD) algorithm at receiving terminal, decodes to received signal, and it is specific as follows:
Modified sphere decoding algorithm basic thought is to be the centre of sphere with the acknowledge(ment) signal vector Y; In lattice point set
, searching for ρ is the point in the hypersphere of radius; Be the decoding of Y from the nearest lattice point of the centre of sphere; Be that unit divides into groups with the sub-clustering during decoding; Then each piecemeal is carried out sphere decoding respectively
Suppose Nc=3, Nt=4, Nr=3, be divided into two groups to 3 sub-clusterings, first corresponding two sub-clusterings of dividing into groups, second corresponding another remaining sub-clustering of dividing into groups, it is expressed as:
(1)
Wherein
;
is
vector;
;
is
vector;
is the subvector of
If the dimension of
is
;
=4 utilizes sphere decoding SD algorithm to find the solution second to divide into groups
:
Wherein,
is the second grouping solution vector lattice point set;
is the signal phasor second grouping vector;
is the second row secondary series component of upper triangular matrix R;
is the second grouping vector
Adopt sphere decoding (SD) algorithm to find the solution first again and divide into groups
; The dimension of
is
, and the expression formula of
is:
(3)
Wherein,
is the set of the second grouping solution vector lattice point;
is the signal phasor second grouping vector;
is the capable j row of the i component of upper triangular matrix R;
is the second grouping vector,
be the set of the second grouping solution vector lattice point.
Compared with prior art; A kind of collaboration communication method advantage based on sub-clustering sphere decoding in the virtual MIMO of the present invention is: this method bunch in local communication adopt the STBC coding; Bunch between telecommunication adopt the VBLAST mode; Reach branch collection and multiplexing effect, possess the advantage of STBC and VBLAST simultaneously, reduce the used expense of sub-clustering; Receiving terminal adopts sphere decoding algorithm (SD), and transmission signals is resolved into a plurality of groups, has weakened the influence of error propagation effect to transmission system; And number of packet is big more, and decoding complex degree is more little, can make data center reach a balance at algorithm complex and bit error rate performance; Expand to a plurality of sub-clusterings to the advantage of Space Time Coding; Avoided the coordination control between traditional scheme bunch, greatly improved the throughput of whole transmission system simultaneously, thereby improved the efficiency of transmission of radio sensing network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be three sub-clusterings in the communication means of the present invention, bunch in acquisition node (ED), data center (AP), each sub-clustering has the channel architecture sketch map of a leader cluster node and four cooperative nodes;
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart based on the collaboration communication method of sub-clustering sphere decoding in the virtual MIMO of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of step among Fig. 2 (1);
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of step among Fig. 2 (2);
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of step among Fig. 2 (3);
Fig. 6 is the BER performance comparison figure (in figure, the longitudinal axis be the error rate, transverse axis represent average bit energy/white noise power spectral density) of different decoding algorithms under single sub-clustering among the present invention;
Fig. 7 is single bunch and many bunches of BER performance comparison figure (longitudinal axis is represented the error rate, and transverse axis is represented average bit energy/white noise power spectral density) among the present invention;
Fig. 8 is grouping sphere decoding among the present invention and traditional spheroidal decoding BER performance comparison figure (longitudinal axis is represented the error rate, and transverse axis is represented average bit energy/white noise power spectral density);
Fig. 9 is grouping sphere decoding among the present invention and traditional spheroidal decoding computation complexity comparison diagram (ordinate is a simulation time, and abscissa is average bit energy/white noise power spectral density).
Embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
For the ease of emulation, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of collaboration communication method based on sub-clustering sphere decoding in the virtual MIMO of the present invention is made following hypothesis: for acquisition node (ED) communication in bunch intra-cluster, channel model is an additive white Gaussian noise; For the telecommunication of cooperative node (CN) to data center (AP), channel model is the Rayleigh channel of square law decline; All nodes all are isomorphisms, have identical supplying cell energy; It is impartial that all nodes become the communication opportunity of leader cluster node (CH); Mode adopts single-hop structure; All nodes are all accomplished synchronously.
Shown in Fig. 2-5, a kind of collaboration communication method of the present invention based on sub-clustering sphere decoding in the virtual MIMO, this method may further comprise the steps:
(1), in the virtual MIMO territory leader cluster node (CH) from bunch in acquisition node (ED) select several cooperative nodes (CN), as shown in Figure 3, its concrete steps are following:
(1-1), in the virtual MIMO territory, according to the size of the radio sensing network node supplying cell dump energy of all acquisition nodes (ED), select leader cluster node (CH) by response type distribution sub-clustering algorithm (RDCA); A non-bunch of acquisition node is then selected bunch head separately according to the cost function based on beeline (closest) with load balance performance;
(1-2), after sub-clustering forms, leader cluster node (CH) adopts time division multiple access (TDMA) mode to distribute time slot to acquisition node in each bunch (ED), disturbs to reduce transmission, transfer of data in being convenient to bunch;
(1-3), leader cluster node (CH) can from bunch in choose several cooperative nodes (CN) the acquisition node (ED);
(2), communications in local bunch, as shown in Figure 4, its concrete steps are following:
(2-1), the tdma slot that distributes according to step (1-3) of terminal acquisition node (ED) sends to this leader cluster node (CH) with the data alternately, gets into sleep state afterwards, saves the energy content of battery;
(2-2), all data that will collect of leader cluster node (CH) converge together with its data;
(2-3), then with the data flow string after the polymerization and convert the Nt sub-streams to and broadcast to corresponding cooperative node (CN);
(3), the telecommunication transmission of cooperative node (CN) and data center (AP), as shown in Figure 5, its concrete steps are following:
(3-1), the cooperative node (CN) of each bunch carries out space-time block coding (STBC) coding to data respectively, the spatial coherence with between adjacent antenna in the antagonism bunch obtains diversity gain, reduces the error rate of whole transmission system;
(3-2), adopt traditional VBLAST mode to be transferred to data center (AP) the STBC data flow of each bunch, suppose that all leader cluster nodes (CH) are all synchronous, obtain spatial multiplexing gain;
(3-3), the collaboration type VBLAST antenna node of receiving terminal is sampled to the data that receive and is quantized; Processed data stream sends to data center (AP) recovery of decoding, and adopts modified model sphere decoding (SD) algorithm to decode to received signal at receiving terminal;
(4), definition is the threshold value that electric weight exhausts less than the value of supplying power separately of terminal acquisition node (ED) in the radio communication; Judge the threshold value whether independent power supply value of each terminal acquisition node exhausts greater than electric weight successively; If the independent power supply value of terminal acquisition node is equal to or greater than the threshold value that electric weight exhausts, then change step (1), this terminal acquisition node is participated in the next round communications; Otherwise this terminal is gathered and is not participated in the next round communications, and communications finishes.
The decoding that the described processed data stream of above-mentioned steps (3-3) sends to data center (AP) recovers, and adopts modified model sphere decoding (SD) algorithm in the decoding recovery of receiving terminal, and it is specific as follows:
Modified sphere decoding algorithm basic thought is to be the centre of sphere with the acknowledge(ment) signal vector Y; In lattice point set
, searching for ρ is the point in the hypersphere of radius; Be the decoding of Y from the nearest lattice point of the centre of sphere; Be that unit divides into groups with the sub-clustering during decoding; Then each piecemeal is carried out sphere decoding respectively
Suppose Nc=3, Nt=4, Nr=3, be divided into two groups to 3 sub-clusterings, first corresponding two sub-clusterings of dividing into groups, second corresponding another remaining sub-clustering of dividing into groups, its expression formula is:
(1)
Wherein
;
is
vector;
;
is
vector;
is the subvector of
If the dimension of
is
;
=4 utilizes sphere decoding SD algorithm to find the solution second to divide into groups
:
Wherein,
is the second grouping solution vector lattice point set;
is the signal phasor second grouping vector;
is the second row secondary series component of upper triangular matrix R;
is the second grouping vector
Adopt sphere decoding SD algorithm to find the solution first again and divide into groups
; The dimension of
is
, and the expression formula of
is:
(3)
Wherein,
is the set of the second grouping solution vector lattice point;
is the signal phasor second grouping vector;
is the capable j row of the i component of upper triangular matrix R;
is the second grouping vector,
be the set of the second grouping solution vector lattice point.
In order to confirm a kind of superiority of the present invention based on the collaboration communication method of sub-clustering sphere decoding in the virtual MIMO; Carry out following emulation; Compare the error rate (BER) performance of algorithms of different under single sub-clustering, single bunch and many bunches of BER performances, grouping sphere decoding and traditional spheroidal decoding BER performance, grouping sphere decoding and traditional spheroidal decoding computation complexities respectively, its comparative result is following:
As shown in Figure 6; Among the figure; The longitudinal axis is represented the error rate, and transverse axis is represented average bit energy/white noise power spectral density, and three dashed curve are respectively: the dash line of band circle is for adopting the bit error rate performance curve of zero forcing algorithm (ZF); The dash line of band triangle is for adopting the bit error rate performance curve of least-mean-square error algorithm (MMSE), and the dash line of band rhombus is for adopting the bit error rate performance curve of modified model sphere decoding algorithm of the present invention (SD).Comparative result can be found out from figure, adopts coding/decoding method of the present invention can reduce the error rate and takes place, and can make systematic function obtain to improve.
As shown in Figure 7; Among the figure; The longitudinal axis is expressed as the error rate; Transverse axis is represented average bit energy/white noise power spectral density, and four dash lines are respectively: the dash line of band stain is the bit error rate performance curve that adopts the STBC scheme single sub-clustering 4 nodes under, and the dash line of the dash line of band triangle, band fork-shaped and the dash line of band circle are to adopt 3 sub-clusterings, 4 cooperative nodes under to the present invention is directed to combine 3 sub-clustering bit error rate performance curves of scheme of the many bunches of STBC that transmit proposition and VLBAST.Comparative result can be found out from figure, adopts method of the present invention obviously to improve the system multiplexing gain, reduces error rate of system and takes place.
As shown in Figure 8; Among the figure; Longitudinal axis denotation coordination is the error rate; Transverse axis is represented average bit energy/white noise power spectral density, and two block curves are respectively: for adopting the divide into groups bit error rate performance curve of sphere decoding algorithm (being modified model sphere decoding algorithm) of the present invention, the curve of band triangle is for adopting the bit error rate performance curve of traditional spheroidal decoding algorithm with foursquare curve.Comparative result can find out that coding/decoding method of the present invention descends in the BER performance with respect to traditional coding/decoding method to some extent from figure, but the range of decrease is limited.
As shown in Figure 9; Among the figure; The longitudinal axis is a simulation time; Abscissa is average bit energy/white noise power spectral density, and two block curves are respectively: for adopting the divide into groups simulation time curve of sphere decoding algorithm (being modified model sphere decoding algorithm) of the present invention, the curve of band triangle is for adopting the simulation time curve of traditional spheroidal decoding algorithm with foursquare curve.Comparative result can find out that coding/decoding method of the present invention significantly reduces with respect to traditional coding/decoding method simulation time under same performance from figure.Though complex chart 8 adopts method of the present invention to sacrifice certain error performance with Fig. 9, can reduce algorithm complex by a relatively large margin.
Claims (4)
1. collaboration communication method based on sub-clustering sphere decoding in the virtual MIMO; It is characterized in that; At first the sensor node in the radio sensing network is adopted response type distribution sub-clustering algorithm (RDCA) sub-clustering of load balance, after sub-clustering, choose the cooperative node (CN) of each bunch head then, being transmitted to cooperative node (CN) after leader cluster node (CH) fused data; Send data to convergent point at last jointly; Adopt the sphere decoding algorithm at receiving terminal, reach in complexity and the compromise efficiency of transmission that improves radio sensing network of bit error rate performance, these method concrete steps are following:
(1), in the virtual MIMO territory leader cluster node (CH) from bunch in acquisition node (ED) select several cooperative nodes (CN);
(2), communications in local bunch; Used duration is 2 kinds of states; A kind of duration is
; Another kind is
; 2 kinds of status wheel flow out at present, and duration satisfies
in whole communication transmission process;
(3), to transmit used duration be 2 kinds of states for cooperative node (CN) and data center (AP) telecommunication; A kind of duration is
; Another kind is
; 2 kinds of status wheel flow out at present, and duration satisfies
in whole communication transmission process;
(4), definition is the threshold value that electric weight exhausts less than the value of supplying power separately of terminal acquisition node (ED) in the radio communication; Judge the threshold value whether independent power supply value of each terminal acquisition node exhausts greater than electric weight successively; If the independent power supply value of terminal acquisition node is equal to or greater than the threshold value that electric weight exhausts, then change step (1), this terminal acquisition node is participated in the next round communications; Otherwise this terminal is gathered and is not participated in the next round communications, and communications finishes.
2. a kind of collaboration communication method according to claim 1 based on sub-clustering sphere decoding in the virtual MIMO; It is characterized in that; Above-mentioned steps (1) described in the virtual MIMO territory leader cluster node (CH) from bunch in acquisition node (ED) select several cooperative nodes (CN), its concrete steps are following:
(1-1), in the virtual MIMO territory according to the size of the radio sensing network node supplying cell dump energy of all acquisition nodes (ED), select leader cluster node (CH) by response type distribution sub-clustering algorithm (RDCA); A non-bunch of acquisition node is then selected bunch head separately according to the cost function based on beeline (closest) with load balance performance;
(1-2), after sub-clustering forms, leader cluster node (CH) adopts time division multiple access (TDMA) mode to distribute time slot to acquisition node in each bunch (ED), disturbs to reduce transmission, transfer of data in being convenient to bunch;
(1-3), leader cluster node (CH) can from bunch in choose several cooperative nodes (CN) the acquisition node.
3. a kind of collaboration communication method based on sub-clustering sphere decoding in the virtual MIMO according to claim 2 is characterized in that, communications in described this locality of above-mentioned steps (2) bunch, and its concrete steps are following:
(2-1), terminal acquisition node (ED) sends to this leader cluster node (CH) according to the tdma slot of step (1-3) distribution with data in turn;
(2-2), all data that will collect of leader cluster node (CH) converge together with its data;
(2-3), then with the data flow string after the polymerization and convert the Nt sub-streams to and broadcast to corresponding cooperative node (CN).
4. a kind of collaboration communication method based on sub-clustering sphere decoding in the virtual MIMO according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the described cooperative node of above-mentioned steps (3) (CN) transmits with the telecommunication of data center (AP), and its concrete steps are following:
(3-1), the cooperative node of each bunch (CN) carries out space-time block coding (STBC) coding to data respectively;
(3-2), the STBC data flow with each bunch adopts traditional VBLAST mode to be transferred to data center (AP);
(3-3), the cooperation VBLAS antenna node of receiving terminal is sampled to the data that receive and quantize, processed data stream sends to data center (AP) recovery of decoding, and adopts sphere decoding (SD) algorithm to decode to received signal at receiving terminal.
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| CN103702276B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-09-28 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of complex task collaborative service method in wireless sensor network based on sub-clustering |
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| CN108934027A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-04 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of MIMO multi-cell base station can caching system cluster-dividing method |
| CN109754614A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-14 | 成都信息工程大学 | A kind of parking navigation system, method and computer readable storage medium |
| CN114223183A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2022-03-22 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Method for providing network cooperation for industrial communication system |
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| CN111510985A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-08-07 | 东北电力大学 | Wireless sensor network directional diffusion protocol data query method based on cluster bridge |
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Application publication date: 20120822 |