CN102645187B - Distributed ultrasonic underground space structure deformation monitoring system and area location method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed ultrasonic underground space structure deformation monitoring system which comprises multiple ultrasonic sensors and an upper computer and is characterized in that: the positions of two adjacent ultrasonic sensors meet the following requirement: the edge of a round area of the detection area of one ultrasonic sensor, projected on the surface of the monitored structure, is crossed with the central shaft of the detection area of the other ultrasonic sensor. Based on the system, the invention also provides a distributed ultrasonic underground space structure deformation area location method. The invention has the beneficial effects that: on the basis of performing coverage monitoring by use of ultrasonic waves, the specific position of the structure deformation can be effectively located, and an accurate data support is provided for structure monitoring and project management; and meanwhile, the priority of each node can be adjusted in real time according to the monitoring result, and the system monitoring time is further dynamically distributed, so that a distributed system can discover the deformation disaster of the structure surface in time to focus on.

Description

Distributed ultrasound wave underground space structure deformation region localization method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of structural deformation Monitoring and Positioning technology, relate in particular to a kind of distributed ultrasound wave underground space structure deformation monitoring system and area positioning method.

Background technology

Along with human society can be developed the day by day rare of land resource, and the frequent appearance of global range extreme climate in recent years, the Urban Underground Space Excavation had a high potential highlights unprecedented necessity and urgency.Because underground works is in the comprehensive encirclement of complicated rock soil medium, and deformation is the outward appearance reaction of structure to complicated inside and outside force environment, therefore structural deformation is carried out to on-line monitoring reflect structure safe condition intuitively.But the confined pressure state of the underground space under complex environment drawn a monitored area spreadability difficult problem, current structural deformation monitoring technology is proposed to severe challenge, relevant theory and technology is extremely deficient both at home and abroad.Confined pressure space spreadability deformation monitoring technology that underground works is representative thereby have important scientific meaning and urgent current demand is take in exploration.

The technological means such as the current shooting for the underground space structure deformation monitoring, laser, optical fiber are all based on the point-like measuring principle, form between points the monitoring blind area, if structural deformation occurs in blind area, only have when its expansion feeds through to definite measurement point, measuring system just can respond, and also lacks effective technological means meeting high spreadability distortion measurement demand side with low-cost cost.Up-to-date technology is to utilize hyperacoustic field angle to have certain diversity effect, realizes to the institute on the body structure surface in field angle monitoring section scope spreadability monitoring (as " based on hyperacoustic confined pressure space deformation spreadability monitoring method " of No. 201110147270.1 Chinese patent application propositions) a little.If but found structural deformation based on the ultrasound wave means, and how further determine the deformation occurrence positions in ultrasonic beam angle monitoring section scope where, this is unsolved a great problem still at present.A kind of thinking is to utilize the historical data of single ultrasonic beam through the continuous monitoring accumulation, in conjunction with the non-deformation position of analyzing quantitatively of the mechanical characteristic of civil structure, be near center, ultrasonic beam monitored area or edge again, but this scheme need to be understood structural information and data accumulation, versatility and real-time are poor.Simultaneously, single ultrasonic beam has the responsive dead band of larger deformation, needs effective technological means to be reduced.

Summary of the invention

For the problem in background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of distributed ultrasound wave underground space structure deformation monitoring system, comprise a plurality of ultrasonic sensors and a host computer; Described ultrasonic sensor is transmitting-receiving integrated ultrasonic sensor; Each ultrasonic sensor all communicates to connect with host computer; A plurality of ultrasonic sensors all with tested body structure surface spaced set, and a plurality of ultrasonic sensor is single-row setting; The detecting area of ultrasonic sensor is a cone institute region; The central shaft of the detecting area of ultrasonic sensor is vertical with tested body structure surface; The position of adjacent two ultrasonic sensors meets: the edge of the detecting area of one of them ultrasonic sensor border circular areas that projection goes out on tested body structure surface, intersect with the central shaft of the detecting area of another ultrasonic sensor.

Based on aforesaid system, the invention allows for a kind of distributed ultrasound wave underground space structure deformation region localization method, the method comprises:

If the ultrasonic sensor quantity of laying is n, each ultrasonic sensor is a sensing node, and a plurality of sensing nodes are designated as A0, A1......An in turn by ordering; Host computer and sensing node move as follows:

While 1) moving for the first time, the work duration that host computer is identical for each sensing node distributes, and control chronologically a plurality of sensing nodes and work successively by the order of A0, A1......An, obtain the initial measurement data of each sensing node; Host computer has completed the work in first cycle after getting the initial measurement data that n sensing node record;

While 2) moving for the second time, the work duration that host computer is identical for each sensing node distributes, and control chronologically a plurality of sensing nodes and work successively by the order of A0, A1......An, again obtain the current measurement value of each sensing node;

3), according to the current measurement value of each sensing node and the difference of initial measurement data, calculate the deformation quantity of each sensing node corresponding position in current period; Record sensing node sequence number corresponding to deformation quantity maximal value;

4) the corresponding deformation quantity according to each sensing node, be calculated as follows the priority P of each sensing node _i:

$P_i=\frac{a_i{\mathrm{\λ}}_i}{\underset{i=0}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_i{\mathrm{\λ}}_i}$

Wherein, a _ifor the current measurement value of sensing node Ai and the difference of initial measurement data; λ _ifor according to sensing node Ai and the definite scale-up factor of tested body structure surface relative position; P _ifor priority corresponding to sensing node Ai, i=0,1,2......n; a _iλ _ibe in current period the deformation quantity that sensing node Ai is corresponding;

Aforesaid priority P _i, also can be calculated as follows:

Calculate the deformation quantity a of each sensing node in current period ₀λ ₀, a ₁λ ₁... a _iλ _i... a _nλ _n, with numerical values recited, press from little extremely greatly to a ₀λ ₀, a ₁λ ₁... a _iλ _i... a _nλ _nsorted, obtain the deformation quantity sequence, in the deformation quantity sequence, the sequence number of deformation quantity minimum value is designated as 1, the peaked sequence number of deformation quantity is designated as n+1, the deformation quantity of its remainder values is by using in turn the integer serial number from little to large relation, and using each sensing node, the numerical value of corresponding sequence number is as regulating parameter substitution following formula:

$P_i=\frac{K_i}{\underset{i=0}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{K}_i}$

Wherein, K _ifor adjusting parameter corresponding to sensing node Ai, K _ithe value numerical value that is the sequence number of deformation quantity in the deformation quantity sequence that sensing node Ai is corresponding;

Calculate priority P _iafter, be calculated as follows the work duration of each sensing node in next cycle:

t _i＝T×P _i

Wherein, t _iwork duration for sensing node Ai in next cycle; T has been the required T.T. of work period,

the T value of each work period is identical;

5) host computer is according to step 4) result of calculation, adjust the work duration of each sensing node, and control chronologically a plurality of sensing nodes and work successively by the order of A0, A1......An, again obtain the current measurement value of each sensing node; Repeating step 3) to 5).

On the basis of aforementioned schemes, the present invention also can do more deep application: step 3), after getting sensing node sequence number corresponding to deformation quantity maximal value, as follows location is further done in the largest deformation region:

If sensing node sequence number corresponding to deformation quantity maximal value in a certain cycle is A1, two nodes adjacent with sensing node A1 are respectively sensing node A0 and sensing node A2; If the initial measurement data of sensing node A0, A1, A2 are L, the current measurement value of sensing node A0 is L0, and the current measurement value of sensing node A1 is L1, and the current measurement value of sensing node A2 is L2, and the deformation quantity that sensing node A0 is corresponding is a ₀λ ₀=(L-L0) λ ₀, the deformation quantity that sensing node A1 is corresponding is a ₁λ ₁=(L-L1) λ ₁, the deformation quantity that sensing node A2 is corresponding is a ₂λ ₂=(L-L2) λ ₂; Compare a ₀λ ₀and a ₂λ ₂size, if a ₀λ ₀<a ₂λ ₂, deformation quantity maximal value region is positioned at the public search coverage of sensing node A1 and sensing node A2 on tested body structure surface; If a ₀λ ₀>a ₂λ ₂, deformation quantity maximal value region is positioned at the public search coverage of sensing node A1 and sensing node A0 on tested body structure surface; If a ₀λ ₀=a ₂λ ₂, largest deformation has all occurred in the public search coverage that deformation quantity maximal value region is positioned at public search coverage, sensing node A1 and the sensing node A0 of the central shaft position of detecting area of sensing node A1 or sensing node A1 and sensing node A2.

On the aforementioned schemes basis, the present invention also can do following further application:

If a ₀λ ₀<a ₂λ ₂condition meet, further determine as follows the zone at largest deformation place:

Take sensing node A1 as host node, and sensing node A2 is auxiliary node, and the host node position is designated as the O point, and auxiliary node position is designated as the A point; The central shaft of the detecting area of host node and tested structure surface meet at O ' point; The central shaft of the detecting area of auxiliary node and tested structure surface meet at A ' point, and line segment AA '=OO '=L; Take straight line AO as Y-axis, straight line OO ' as Z axis, O point are true origin, set up plane coordinate system; The projection in zone of the search coverage of host node on coordinate system is triangle OA ' F, and the view field of the search coverage of auxiliary node on coordinate system is triangle AO ' E; Straight line EF overlaps with straight line A ' O '; Take the O point as the center of circle, L is radius the projection of sphere on coordinate system cut the arc formed by triangle OA ' F, is designated as the first detection arc; Take the A point as the center of circle, the L2 of take is radius the projection of sphere on coordinate system cut the arc formed by triangle AO ' E, is designated as the second detection arc; Take the O point as the center of circle, the L1 of take is radius the projection of sphere on coordinate system cut the arc formed by triangle OA ' F, be designated as the 3rd and survey arc; The 3rd detection arc and second is surveyed arc and is met at the q1 point, and the projection of q1 point on straight line EF is designated as the I point, and the 3rd detection arc and straight line OA ' meet at the q2 point, and the projection of q2 on straight line EF is designated as the B point, and q2 point and A point distance are designated as L _q; The mid point that the C point is line segment A ' O ', cross the vertical line that the C point is made straight line AO, and this vertical line and the 3rd is surveyed arc and met at the qc point; The intersection point of the first detection arc and straight line OF is δ to the vertical length of straight line EF;

Judge the position of deformation quantity maximum position on tested structure according to following method:

1) judgement a ₁λ ₁whether the condition of<δ is set up, if be false, enters step 2), if set up, by following condition, determine the largest deformation position:

A), as L2=L, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment IO ' in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

B), as L1<L2<L, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment CI in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

C), as L1=L2, the largest deformation position is positioned at the C point at the lip-deep projected position of tested structure;

D) as L _q≤ L2<L1, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment BC in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

E) as L2<L _q, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment A ' B in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

2) a ₁λ ₁<δ is false, a ₁λ ₁with the δ a that must satisfy condition ₁λ ₁>=δ, establish in such cases, determine the largest deformation position by following condition:

A), as Δ>1, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment CO ' in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

B), as Δ=1, the largest deformation position is positioned at the C point at the lip-deep projected position of tested structure place;

C), as Δ<1, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment A ' C in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

Wherein, the initial measurement data that L is sensing node; The current measurement value that L1 is host node; The current measurement value that L2 is auxiliary node;

If a ₀λ ₀>a ₂λ ₂condition meet, take sensing node A1 as host node, sensing node A0 is auxiliary node, by preceding method, determines the particular location of largest deformation between host node and auxiliary node;

If a ₀λ ₀=a ₂λ ₂condition meet: when there being two positions that largest deformation has all occurred, take sensing node A1 as host node, sensing node A0 is auxiliary node, by preceding method, determines the particular location of the first largest deformation between host node and auxiliary node; Then, take sensing node A1 as host node, sensing node A2 is auxiliary node, by preceding method, determines the particular location of the second largest deformation between host node and auxiliary node; When only having a position that largest deformation has occurred, the largest deformation position is positioned at the projected position of central shaft on tested structure of the detecting area of sensing node A1.

If host node is identical with hyperacoustic field angle of auxiliary node emission; The numerical value of described δ is calculated as follows:

δ＝L*(1-cosθ)；

Wherein, δ is in sensing node detecting area scope, and the maximum length of responsive dead band on Z-direction also first survey the vertical length of the intersection point of arc and straight line OF to straight line EF; The initial measurement data that L is sensing node are also the distance that sensing node arrives tested body structure surface; The angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

The coordinate figure of the coordinate y1 of described q1 point on Y-axis is solved by following equation:

(y1+L*tanθ) ²+(L1-y1 ²)＝L2 ²

Wherein, the current measurement value that L1 is host node, the current measurement value that L2 is auxiliary node, the initial measurement data that L is sensing node, the angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

The coordinate yc of described qc point on Y-axis is calculated as follows:

$\mathrm{yc}=-\frac{L*\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}}{2}$

Wherein, the initial measurement data that L is sensing node, be also the distance that sensing node arrives tested body structure surface; The angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

The coordinate y2 of described q2 point on Y-axis is calculated as follows:

y2＝-(L1*sinθ)

Wherein, the current measurement value that L1 is host node; The angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

Q2 point and A point distance L _qbe calculated as follows:

$L_q=\sqrt{{(L\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}-L1\sin \mathrm{\&theta;})}^2+{L1}^2{\cos }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}$

Wherein, the initial measurement data that L is sensing node, be also the distance that sensing node arrives tested body structure surface; The current measurement value that L1 is host node; The angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

Useful technique effect of the present invention is: using ultrasound wave to carry out on the basis of spreadability monitoring, but effective location goes out to occur the particular location of structural deformation, for structure monitoring and engineering control provide data supporting accurately, can adjust in real time each node priority according to monitoring result simultaneously, further the dynamic allocation system monitoring time, make distributed system can find in time the deformation disaster of structural plane and be paid close attention to.

The accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1, system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention;

The coordinate system schematic diagram that Fig. 2, the present invention adopt when deformation position between two nodes is positioned to processing.

Embodiment

Distributed ultrasound wave underground space structure deformation monitoring system of the present invention, its structure is: comprise a plurality of ultrasonic sensors and a host computer; Described ultrasonic sensor is transmitting-receiving integrated ultrasonic sensor; Each ultrasonic sensor all communicates to connect with host computer; A plurality of ultrasonic sensors all with tested body structure surface spaced set, and a plurality of ultrasonic sensor is single-row setting; The detecting area of ultrasonic sensor is a cone institute region; The central shaft of the detecting area of ultrasonic sensor is vertical with tested body structure surface; The position of adjacent two ultrasonic sensors meets: the edge of the detecting area of one of them ultrasonic sensor border circular areas that projection goes out on tested body structure surface, intersect with the central shaft of the detecting area of another ultrasonic sensor.

The region area size that the detecting area of ultrasonic sensor projects on tested structure is directly proportional to the distance of ultrasonic sensor to tested structure, and, in the effective finding range of ultrasound wave, distance is far away, and area coverage is larger, meanwhile, hyperacoustic responsive dead zone range size is inversely proportional to the distance of ultrasonic sensor to tested structure again, and, in the effective finding range of ultrasound wave, distance is far away, and hyperacoustic responsive dead zone range is larger, for the large tracts of land of the measuring accuracy demand of taking into account deformation monitoring and monitoring section covers demand, the present invention lays confined pressure space structure deformation region monitoring and positioning system by aforementioned schemes, especially in adjacent two ultrasonic sensors, make the edge of the detecting area border circular areas that projection goes out on tested body structure surface of one of them ultrasonic sensor, with the central shaft of the detecting area of another ultrasonic sensor, intersect, this has deformation to occur with regard to the monitoring surface that makes arbitrary ultrasonic sensor, the response of contiguous ultrasonic sensor is caused in capital, this just makes between the measurement data of two adjacent ultrasonic sensors has certain correlativity, if after in the monitoring surface of a certain ultrasonic sensor, deformation having occurred, the data that can obtain by adjacent ultrasonic sensor are proofreaied and correct, to obtain more accurate deformation position data, effectively reduce the negative effect that cause in responsive dead band, the large tracts of land that has simultaneously also guaranteed monitoring section covers demand.

Based on aforesaid analysis, distributed ultrasound wave underground space structure deformation region localization method scheme of the present invention is as follows:

If the ultrasonic sensor quantity of laying is n, each ultrasonic sensor is a sensing node, and a plurality of sensing nodes are designated as A0, A1......An in turn by ordering; Host computer and sensing node move as follows:

While 1) moving for the first time, the work duration that host computer is identical for each sensing node distributes, and control chronologically a plurality of sensing nodes and work successively by the order of A0, A1......An, obtain the initial measurement data of each sensing node; Host computer has completed the work in first cycle after getting the initial measurement data that n sensing node record;

While 2) moving for the second time, the work duration that host computer is identical for each sensing node distributes, and control chronologically a plurality of sensing nodes and work successively by the order of A0, A1......An, again obtain the current measurement value of each sensing node;

3), according to the current measurement value of each sensing node and the difference of initial measurement data, calculate the deformation quantity of each sensing node corresponding position in current period; Record sensing node sequence number corresponding to deformation quantity maximal value;

4) the corresponding deformation quantity according to each sensing node, be calculated as follows the priority P of each sensing node _i:

$P_i=\frac{a_i{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_i}{\underset{i=0}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{a}_i{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_i}$ (being designated as formula P)

Wherein, a _ifor the current measurement value of sensing node Ai and the difference of initial measurement data; λ _ifor the scale-up factor definite with tested body structure surface relative position according to sensing node Ai (meets " central shaft of the detecting area of ultrasonic sensor is vertical with tested body structure surface " if lay environment, there is no need to introduce λ _i, because λ corresponding to each sensing node under theoretical condition _ivalue be 1; But in Practical Project, be difficult to accomplish to make the central shaft of detecting area of each ultrasonic sensor vertical with tested body structure surface, therefore need to introduce this scale-up factor); P _ifor priority corresponding to sensing node Ai, i=0,1,2......n; a _iλ _ibe in current period the deformation quantity that sensing node Ai is corresponding;

Aforesaid priority P _i, also can be calculated as follows (the method and aforesaid priority computing method are possibility arranged side by side):

Calculate the deformation quantity a of each sensing node in current period ₀λ ₀, a ₁λ ₁... a _iλ _i... a _nλ _n, with numerical values recited, press from little extremely greatly to a ₀λ ₀, a ₁λ ₁... a _iλ _i... a _nλ _nsorted, obtain the deformation quantity sequence, in the deformation quantity sequence, the sequence number of deformation quantity minimum value is designated as 1, the peaked sequence number of deformation quantity is designated as n+1, the deformation quantity of its remainder values is by using in turn the integer serial number from little to large relation, and using each sensing node, the numerical value of corresponding sequence number is as regulating parameter substitution following formula:

$P_i=\frac{K_i}{\underset{i=0}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{K}_i}$

Wherein, K _ifor adjusting parameter corresponding to sensing node Ai, K _ithe value numerical value that is the sequence number of deformation quantity in the deformation quantity sequence that sensing node Ai is corresponding;

Calculate priority P _iafter, be calculated as follows the work duration of each sensing node in next cycle:

T _i=T * P _i(being designated as formula P ')

Wherein, t _iwork duration for sensing node Ai in next cycle; T has been the required T.T. of work period,

the T value of each work period is identical;

5) host computer is according to step 4) result of calculation, adjust the work duration of each sensing node, and control chronologically a plurality of sensing nodes and work successively by the order of A0, A1......An, again obtain the current measurement value of each sensing node; Repeating step 3) to 5).

By aforesaid method, can realize the coarse localization to deformation quantity maximal value position, and, by adjusting the work duration of sensing node, guarantee the high strength to deformation quantity maximal value position, long-time monitoring, for structural safety provides safeguard;

The step 3 of preceding method), in, after getting sensing node sequence number corresponding to deformation quantity maximal value, can tentatively judge deformation quantity maximal value position is in corresponding sensing node position; On this basis, the present invention also can do following application further, location is further done in the largest deformation region, and concrete scheme is:

If sensing node sequence number corresponding to deformation quantity maximal value in a certain cycle is A1, two nodes adjacent with sensing node A1 are respectively sensing node A0 and sensing node A2; If the initial measurement data of sensing node A0, A1, A2 are L, the current measurement value of sensing node A0 is L0, and the current measurement value of sensing node A1 is L1, and the current measurement value of sensing node A2 is L2, and the deformation quantity that sensing node A0 is corresponding is a ₀λ ₀=(L-L0) λ ₀, the deformation quantity that sensing node A1 is corresponding is a ₁λ ₁=(L-L1) λ ₁, the deformation quantity that sensing node A2 is corresponding is a ₂λ ₂=(L-L2) λ ₂; Compare a ₀λ ₀and a ₂λ ₂size, if a ₀λ ₀<a ₂λ ₂, deformation quantity maximal value region is positioned at the public search coverage of sensing node A1 and sensing node A2 on tested body structure surface; If a ₀λ ₀>a ₂λ ₂, deformation quantity maximal value region is positioned at the public search coverage of sensing node A1 and sensing node A0 on tested body structure surface; If a ₀λ ₀=a ₂λ ₂, largest deformation has all occurred in the public search coverage that deformation quantity maximal value region is positioned at public search coverage, sensing node A1 and the sensing node A0 of the central shaft position of detecting area of sensing node A1 or sensing node A1 and sensing node A2.

Obviously, by aforesaid to a ₀λ ₀and a ₂λ ₂analyzed the deformation quantity maximal value position obtained more afterwards, than only knowing that sensing node sequence number corresponding to deformation quantity maximal value position is more accurate, for structure safety analytical and engineering control provide more accurate foundation; On this basis, for the largest deformation position being done to location more accurately, the invention allows for following scheme:

If a ₀λ ₀<a ₂λ ₂condition meet, further determine as follows the zone at largest deformation place:

Take sensing node A1 as host node, and sensing node A2 is auxiliary node, and the host node position is designated as the O point, and auxiliary node position is designated as the A point; The central shaft of the detecting area of host node and tested structure surface meet at O ' point; The central shaft of the detecting area of auxiliary node and tested structure surface meet at A ' point, and line segment AA '=OO '=L; Take straight line AO as Y-axis, straight line OO ' as Z axis, O point are true origin, set up plane coordinate system; The projection in zone of the search coverage of host node on coordinate system is triangle OA ' F, and the view field of the search coverage of auxiliary node on coordinate system is triangle AO ' E; Straight line EF overlaps with straight line A ' O '; Take the O point as the center of circle, L is radius the projection of sphere on coordinate system cut the arc formed by triangle OA ' F, is designated as the first detection arc; Take the A point as the center of circle, the L2 of take is radius the projection of sphere on coordinate system cut the arc formed by triangle AO ' E, is designated as the second detection arc; Take the O point as the center of circle, the L1 of take is radius the projection of sphere on coordinate system cut the arc formed by triangle OA ' F, be designated as the 3rd and survey arc; The 3rd detection arc and second is surveyed arc and is met at the q1 point, and the projection of q1 point on straight line EF is designated as the I point, and the 3rd detection arc and straight line OA ' meet at the q2 point, and the projection of q2 on straight line EF is designated as the B point, and q2 point and A point distance are designated as L _q; The mid point that the C point is line segment A ' O ', cross the vertical line that the C point is made straight line AO, and this vertical line and the 3rd is surveyed arc and met at the qc point; The intersection point of the first detection arc and straight line OF is δ to the vertical length of straight line EF;

Judge the position of deformation quantity maximum position on tested structure according to following method:

1) judgement a ₁λ ₁whether the condition of<δ is set up, if be false, enters step 2), if set up, by following condition, determine the largest deformation position:

A), as L2=L, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment IO ' in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

B), as L1<L2<L, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment CI in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

C), as L1=L2, the largest deformation position is positioned at the C point at the lip-deep projected position of tested structure;

D) as L _q≤ L2<L1, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment BC in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

E) as L2<L _q, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment A ' B in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

2) a ₁λ ₁<δ is false, a ₁λ ₁with the δ a that must satisfy condition ₁λ ₁>=δ, establish

in such cases, determine the largest deformation position by following condition:

A), as Δ>1, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment CO ' in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

B), as Δ=1, the largest deformation position is positioned at the C point at the lip-deep projected position of tested structure place;

C), as Δ<1, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment A ' C in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

Wherein, the initial measurement data that L is sensing node; The current measurement value that L1 is host node; The current measurement value that L2 is auxiliary node;

If a ₀λ ₀>a ₂λ ₂condition meet, take sensing node A1 as host node, sensing node A0 is auxiliary node, by preceding method, determines the particular location of largest deformation between host node and auxiliary node;

If a ₀λ ₀=a ₂λ ₂condition meet: when there being two positions that largest deformation has all occurred, take sensing node A1 as host node, sensing node A0 is auxiliary node, by preceding method, determines the particular location of the first largest deformation between host node and auxiliary node; Then, take sensing node A1 as host node, sensing node A2 is auxiliary node, by preceding method, determines the particular location of the second largest deformation between host node and auxiliary node; When only having a position that largest deformation has occurred, the largest deformation position is positioned at the projected position of central shaft on tested structure of the detecting area of sensing node A1.

Aforesaid step 1), 2) in, the judgement a ₁λ ₁whether the condition of<δ is set up, and is actually the problem that judges whether to need to consider responsive dead band, if a ₁λ ₁<δ, mean that the tested structure surface of largest deformation position is in the responsive dead zone range of host node, therefore need to proofread and correct the position of determining largest deformation according to the data of auxiliary node; If a ₁λ ₁>=δ, mean that the tested structure surface of largest deformation position, in effective monitored area of host node, does not need to consider the problem in responsive dead band, can be according to step 2) in the Rule of judgment position that directly draws largest deformation;

As shown in Figure 2, first surveys arc and O orders the responsive dead band that the sector region that encloses and the Non-overlapping Domain between triangle OA ' F be sensing node A1, the responsive dead zone area of sensing node A2 is similar to the responsive dead zone area of sensing node A1 (take at A ' as the center of circle, Non-overlapping Domain between the sector region that the circular arc that L is radius and A ' enclose and triangle AEO ', the arc that this circular arc is delineated out as dotted line in Fig. 2), the lap in the responsive dead band of sensing node A1 and sensing node A2, be the public responsive dead band of two sensing nodes, as can be seen from the figure, ultrasonic sensor of the present invention is laid mode, can effectively reduce responsive dead zone range, the effect of the responsive dead zone range of this reduction also can obtain demonstrate,proving by calculating:

As shown in Figure 2, in figure, broken arcs and first is surveyed arc and is met at D point (D is identical with the coordinate of C point on Y-axis), the D point is to the vertical length of straight line EF, be designated as δ 1 (also can think that δ 1 is for the maximum length of public responsive dead band on Z-direction), can be calculated as follows out the value of δ 1:

$\mathrm{\&delta;}1=L*(1-\sqrt{1-\frac{{\tan }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}{4}})$

The value of δ can be calculated as follows out:

δ＝L*(1-cosθ)

The value of existing its θ of ultrasonic sensor is generally 15 ° to 20 ° left and right, obviously the value of δ is much larger than the value of δ 1, in responsive dead band with public responsive dead band in the situation that the length on Y direction is identical, δ 1 is less than δ, the region area in public responsive dead band is less than responsive dead zone area.

Wherein, the position of each point in aforesaid coordinate system and the length of corresponding line segment, all can calculate and try to achieve according to basic trigonometric function, and corresponding computing method should be the basic skills that those skilled in the art should grasp; In order to make method of the present invention more rigorous, complete, now by the computing method of the coordinate of several important length numerical value and gauge point, repeat as follows:

If host node is identical with hyperacoustic field angle of auxiliary node emission; The numerical value of described δ is calculated as follows:

δ＝L*(1-cosθ)；

Wherein, δ is in sensing node detecting area scope, and the maximum length of responsive dead band on Z-direction also first survey the vertical length of the intersection point of arc and straight line OF to straight line EF; The initial measurement data that L is sensing node are also the distance that sensing node arrives tested body structure surface; The angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

The coordinate figure of the coordinate y1 of described q1 point on Y-axis is solved by following equation:

(y1+L*tanθ) ²+(L1-y1 ²)＝L2 ²

Wherein, the current measurement value that L1 is host node, the current measurement value that L2 is auxiliary node, the initial measurement data that L is sensing node, the angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

The coordinate yc of described qc point on Y-axis is calculated as follows:

$\mathrm{yc}=-\frac{L*\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}}{2}$

Wherein, the initial measurement data that L is sensing node, be also the distance that sensing node arrives tested body structure surface; The angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE; The qc point is exactly in fact the mid point of line segment OA ', therefore A ' some coordinate on Y-axis is-L*tan θ;

The coordinate y2 of described q2 point on Y-axis is calculated as follows:

y2＝-(L1*sinθ)

Wherein, the current measurement value that L1 is host node; The angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

Q2 point and A point distance L _qbe calculated as follows:

$L_q=\sqrt{{(L\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}-L1\sin \mathrm{\&theta;})}^2+{L1}^2{\cos }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}$

Wherein, the initial measurement data that L is sensing node, be also the distance that sensing node arrives tested body structure surface; The current measurement value that L1 is host node; The angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

Be worth having of explanation: one, each sensing node has completed in fact repeatedly and has measured in work duration separately in each cycle, and the current measurement value of the sensing node finally obtained is from repeatedly measuring the maximal value of getting the data that obtain;

Its two, aforesaid, based on formula and formula

the priority computing method, although the two is possibility arranged side by side, its effect there are differences, specifically: by formula the priority calculated is more accurate, but computing is comparatively complicated, by formula

its levels of precision of the priority calculated is not as the former, but it possesses the advantage that calculating is simple, the system processing time is short, (this is mainly because K _ivalue be positive integer, therefore calculate simple).

Embodiment 1: the present embodiment is for illustrating the effect of work duration of dynamic each sensing node of adjustment;

Lay confined pressure space structure deformation region monitoring and positioning system by the present invention program, the network of 12 sensing nodes of take is example, establishes node serial number and is respectively A0, A1, A2......A11.

If the T.T. of all sensing nodes of host computer scanning is 60 seconds.When system is started working, each sensor node is given a preliminary sweep time, is designated as respectively t ₀₀, t ₁₀, t ₂₀... t ₁₁₀.

While scanning for the first time, for each sensing node distributes identical work duration, have

After system is started working, establish a ₀, a ₁..., a ₁₁it is respectively sensors A ₀to A ₁₁the ranging data variable quantity, calculate for simplifying, the central shaft of detecting area of establishing each ultrasonic sensor is all vertical with tested body structure surface, λ ₀, λ ₁..., λ ₁₁be 1.7 samplings of repeating query, near the structural deformation that simulation progressively increases sensing node A4 when the 1st sampling, near the structural deformation that simulation progressively increases sensing node A8 simultaneously when the 2nd sampling, distributed system is as shown in table 1 to the Monitoring Data of structural deformation, in table, has the data of underscore to be the deformation maximal value that this wheel scan obtains.

Table 1

The work duration of each sensing node in different cycles calculated in turn by aforesaid formula P and formula P ' is as following table:

Table 2

From the data of table 2, can find out, after the work duration of each sensing node is dynamically adjusted, can make the sensing node corresponding than large deformation obtain more the concern and the shorter scan period, make system can find in time the deformation disaster of structural plane and be paid close attention to.

Embodiment 2: the present embodiment is for illustrating the reduction effect of the present invention on the impact of responsive dead band;

Experimental situation comprises: adjacent two the ultrasonic transmitting-receiving integrated ultrasonic sensors (ultrasonic frequency 40KHz) that arrange by set-up mode of the present invention, a host computer, but the elastic material deformable body of a model configuration deformation (being tested structure), the coordinate diagram of a mark ultrasonic beam angular region.Ultrasonic sensor is by measuring the deformed state of its installation site to the distance monitoring elastic material deformable body of elastoplast face, and the result of simultaneously finding range is uploaded to host computer by the CAN bus.After host computer receives ranging data, by the inventive method, data are processed.The deformation size is exerted pressure and is controlled to the elastic material deformable body by the scale on coordinate diagram.

Two ultrasonic sensors are designated as respectively sensing node A0 and sensing node A1, and sensing node A0 is as host node, and sensing node A1 is as auxiliary node.Just open under state, two sensing nodes are to the distance L of elastic material deformable body=160cm rice left and right, and the field angle of sensing node is 30 °, and the θ value is 15 °, can be tried to achieve the value of δ by following formula:

δ＝L*(1-cosθ)＝160*(1-cos15)＝5.45cm

Can be tried to achieve the value of δ 1 by following formula:

$\mathrm{\&delta;}1=L*(1-\sqrt{1-\frac{{\tan }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}{4}})=160*(1-\sqrt{1-\frac{{\tan }^{2}15}{4}})=1.44\mathrm{cm}$

Because δ 1 only accounts for 26% of δ, the laying of visible dual sensor effectively reduces the responsive dead band of single-sensor.

Claims (4)

1. a distributed ultrasound wave underground space structure deformation region localization method, comprise a plurality of ultrasonic sensors and a host computer; Described ultrasonic sensor is transmitting-receiving integrated ultrasonic sensor; Each ultrasonic sensor all communicates to connect with host computer; A plurality of ultrasonic sensors all with tested body structure surface spaced set, and a plurality of ultrasonic sensor is single-row setting; The detecting area of ultrasonic sensor is a cone institute region; The central shaft of the detecting area of ultrasonic sensor is vertical with tested body structure surface; The position of adjacent two ultrasonic sensors meets: the edge of the detecting area of one of them ultrasonic sensor border circular areas that projection goes out on tested body structure surface, intersect with the central shaft of the detecting area of another ultrasonic sensor; It is characterized in that: the method comprises:

If the ultrasonic sensor quantity of laying is n, each ultrasonic sensor is a sensing node, and a plurality of sensing nodes are designated as A0, A1......An in turn by ordering; Host computer and sensing node move as follows:

While 1) moving for the first time, the work duration that host computer is identical for each sensing node distributes, and control chronologically a plurality of sensing nodes and work successively by the order of A0, A1......An, obtain the initial measurement data of each sensing node; Host computer has completed the work in first cycle after getting the initial measurement data that n sensing node record;

While 2) moving for the second time, the work duration that host computer is identical for each sensing node distributes, and control chronologically a plurality of sensing nodes and work successively by the order of A0, A1......An, again obtain the current measurement value of each sensing node;

3), according to the current measurement value of each sensing node and the difference of initial measurement data, calculate the deformation quantity of each sensing node corresponding position in current period; Record sensing node sequence number corresponding to deformation quantity maximal value;

4) the corresponding deformation quantity according to each sensing node, be calculated as follows the priority P of each sensing node _i:

$P_i=\frac{a_i{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_i}{\underset{i=0}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{a}_i{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_i}$

Wherein, a _ifor the current measurement value of sensing node Ai and the difference of initial measurement data; λ _ifor according to sensing node Ai and the definite scale-up factor of tested body structure surface relative position; P _ifor priority corresponding to sensing node Ai, i=0,1,2......n; a _iλ _ibe in current period the deformation quantity that sensing node Ai is corresponding;

Aforesaid priority P _i, also can be calculated as follows:

Calculate the deformation quantity a of each sensing node in current period ₀λ ₀, a ₁λ ₁... a _iλ _i... a _nλ _n, with numerical values recited, press from little extremely greatly to a ₀λ ₀, a ₁λ ₁... a _iλ _i... a _nλ _nsorted, obtain the deformation quantity sequence, in the deformation quantity sequence, the sequence number of deformation quantity minimum value is designated as 1, the peaked sequence number of deformation quantity is designated as n+1, the deformation quantity of its remainder values is by using in turn the integer serial number from little to large relation, and using each sensing node, the numerical value of corresponding sequence number is as regulating parameter substitution following formula:

$P_i=\frac{K_i}{\underset{i=0}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{K}_i}$

Wherein, K _ifor adjusting parameter corresponding to sensing node Ai, K _ithe value numerical value that is the sequence number of deformation quantity in the deformation quantity sequence that sensing node Ai is corresponding;

Calculate priority P _iafter, be calculated as follows the work duration of each sensing node in next cycle:

t _i＝T×P _i

Wherein, t _iwork duration for sensing node Ai in next cycle; T has been the required T.T. of work period,

the T value of each work period is identical;

5) host computer, according to the result of calculation of step 4), is adjusted the work duration of each sensing node, and controls chronologically a plurality of sensing nodes and work successively by the order of A0, A1......An, again obtains the current measurement value of each sensing node; Repeating step 3) to 5).

2. distributed ultrasound wave underground space structure deformation region localization method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 3), after getting sensing node sequence number corresponding to deformation quantity maximal value, as follows further location is done in the largest deformation region:

If sensing node sequence number corresponding to deformation quantity maximal value in a certain cycle is A1, two nodes adjacent with sensing node A1 are respectively sensing node A0 and sensing node A2; If the initial measurement data of sensing node A0, A1, A2 are L, the current measurement value of sensing node A0 is L0, and the current measurement value of sensing node A1 is L1, and the current measurement value of sensing node A2 is L2, and the deformation quantity that sensing node A0 is corresponding is a ₀λ ₀=(L-L0) λ ₀, the deformation quantity that sensing node A1 is corresponding is a ₁λ ₁=(L-L1) λ ₁, the deformation quantity that sensing node A2 is corresponding is a ₂λ ₂=(L-L2) λ ₂; Compare a ₀λ ₀and a ₂λ ₂size, if a ₀λ ₀<a ₂λ ₂, deformation quantity maximal value region is positioned at the public search coverage of sensing node A1 and sensing node A2 on tested body structure surface; If a ₀λ ₀>a ₂λ ₂, deformation quantity maximal value region is positioned at the public search coverage of sensing node A1 and sensing node A0 on tested body structure surface; If a ₀λ ₀=a ₂λ ₂, largest deformation has all occurred in the public search coverage that deformation quantity maximal value region is positioned at public search coverage, sensing node A1 and the sensing node A0 of the central shaft position of detecting area of sensing node A1 or sensing node A1 and sensing node A2.

3. distributed ultrasound wave underground space structure deformation region localization method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: if a ₀λ ₀<a ₂λ ₂condition meet, further determine as follows the zone at largest deformation place:

Take sensing node A1 as host node, and sensing node A2 is auxiliary node, and the host node position is designated as the O point, and auxiliary node position is designated as the A point; The central shaft of the detecting area of host node and tested structure surface meet at O ' point; The central shaft of the detecting area of auxiliary node and tested structure surface meet at A ' point, and line segment AA '=OO '=L; Take straight line AO as Y-axis, straight line OO ' as Z axis, O point are true origin, set up plane coordinate system; The projection in zone of the search coverage of host node on coordinate system is triangle OA ' F, and the view field of the search coverage of auxiliary node on coordinate system is triangle AO ' E; Straight line EF overlaps with straight line A ' O '; Take the O point as the center of circle, L is radius the projection of sphere on coordinate system cut the arc formed by triangle OA ' F, is designated as the first detection arc; Take the A point as the center of circle, the L2 of take is radius the projection of sphere on coordinate system cut the arc formed by triangle AO ' E, is designated as the second detection arc; Take the O point as the center of circle, the L1 of take is radius the projection of sphere on coordinate system cut the arc formed by triangle OA ' F, be designated as the 3rd and survey arc; The 3rd detection arc and second is surveyed arc and is met at the q1 point, and the projection of q1 point on straight line EF is designated as the I point, and the 3rd detection arc and straight line OA ' meet at the q2 point, and the projection of q2 on straight line EF is designated as the B point, and q2 point and A point distance are designated as L _q; The mid point that the C point is line segment A ' O ', cross the vertical line that the C point is made straight line AO, and this vertical line and the 3rd is surveyed arc and met at the qc point; The intersection point of the first detection arc and straight line OF is δ to the vertical length of straight line EF;

Judge the position of deformation quantity maximum position on tested structure according to following method:

1) judgement a ₁λ ₁whether the condition of<δ is set up, if be false, enters step 2), if set up, by following condition, determine the largest deformation position:

A), as L2=L, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment IO ' in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

B), as L1<L2<L, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment CI in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

C), as L1=L2, the largest deformation position is positioned at the C point at the lip-deep projected position of tested structure;

D) as L _q≤ L2<L1, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment BC in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

E) as L2<L _q, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment A ' B in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

2) a ₁λ ₁<δ is false, a ₁λ ₁with the δ a that must satisfy condition ₁λ ₁>=δ, establish in such cases, determine the largest deformation position by following condition:

A), as Δ>1, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment CO ' in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

B), as Δ=1, the largest deformation position is positioned at the C point at the lip-deep projected position of tested structure place;

C), as Δ<1, the largest deformation position is positioned at line segment A ' C in the lip-deep view field of tested structure;

Wherein, the initial measurement data that L is sensing node; The current measurement value that L1 is host node; The current measurement value that L2 is auxiliary node;

If a ₀λ ₀>a ₂λ ₂condition meet, take sensing node A1 as host node, sensing node A0 is auxiliary node, by preceding method, determines the particular location of largest deformation between host node and auxiliary node;

If a ₀λ ₀=a ₂λ ₂condition meet: when there being two positions that largest deformation has all occurred, take sensing node A1 as host node, sensing node A0 is auxiliary node, by preceding method, determines the particular location of the first largest deformation between host node and auxiliary node; Then, take sensing node A1 as host node, sensing node A2 is auxiliary node, by preceding method, determines the particular location of the second largest deformation between host node and auxiliary node; When only having a position that largest deformation has occurred, the largest deformation position is positioned at the projected position of central shaft on tested structure of the detecting area of sensing node A1.

4. distributed ultrasound wave underground space structure deformation region localization method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: establish host node identical with hyperacoustic field angle of auxiliary node emission; The numerical value of described δ is calculated as follows:

δ＝L*(1-cosθ)；

Wherein, δ is in sensing node detecting area scope, and the maximum length of responsive dead band on Z-direction also first survey the vertical length of the intersection point of arc and straight line OF to straight line EF; The initial measurement data that L is sensing node are also the distance that sensing node arrives tested body structure surface; The angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

The coordinate figure of the coordinate y1 of described q1 point on Y-axis is solved by following equation:

(y1+L*tanθ) ²+(L1-y1 ²)＝L2 ²

Wherein, the current measurement value that L1 is host node, the current measurement value that L2 is auxiliary node, the initial measurement data that L is sensing node, the angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

The coordinate yc of described qc point on Y-axis is calculated as follows:

$\mathrm{yc}=-\frac{L*\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}}{2}$

Wherein, the initial measurement data that L is sensing node, be also the distance that sensing node arrives tested body structure surface; The angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

The coordinate y2 of described q2 point on Y-axis is calculated as follows:

y2＝-(L1*sinθ)

Wherein, the current measurement value that L1 is host node; The angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE;

Q2 point and A point distance L _qbe calculated as follows:

$L_q=\sqrt{{(L\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}-L1\sin \mathrm{\&theta;})}^2+{L1}^2{\cos }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}$

Wherein, the initial measurement data that L is sensing node, be also the distance that sensing node arrives tested body structure surface; The current measurement value that L1 is host node; The angle that θ is Z axis and straight line OA ' is also straight line AA ' and the angle of straight line AE.

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