CN102642027A - Process for producing reduced iron powder - Google Patents
Process for producing reduced iron powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN102642027A CN102642027A CN201210105376XA CN201210105376A CN102642027A CN 102642027 A CN102642027 A CN 102642027A CN 201210105376X A CN201210105376X A CN 201210105376XA CN 201210105376 A CN201210105376 A CN 201210105376A CN 102642027 A CN102642027 A CN 102642027A
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- iron powder
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- reduction
- temperature
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000012459 muffins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001608 iron mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- DPTATFGPDCLUTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidyneiron Chemical compound [Fe]#P DPTATFGPDCLUTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
An efficiency energy-saving process for producing reduced iron powder is implemented through the technical scheme as follows: firstly, the process comprises the following steps of: 1) dosing high-purity iron concentrate fines/mill scales, a reducing agent and an adhesive according to certain proportions, mixing all the materials together and subjecting the mixture to wet grinding treatment, and forming the ground mixture into green balls through pelletizing/pressing into ball; 2) after the green balls are screened and dried, putting the green balls in a rotary hearth furnace for primary reduction, thereby obtaining sponge iron, wherein as the iron core powder is in direct contact with the reducing agent, the reducing speed is high, the time consumed is short and the production efficiency is high; and the high temperature smoke at 1000-1100 DEG C of the rotary hearth furnace enters a smoke waste heat recovery system, thereby realizing efficiency utilization of heat energy; and 3) after performing crashing, magnetic selection and screening on the sponge iron, performing secondary reduction in a steel strip type reducing furnace, and performing crashing, screening and blending on the obtained powder cake, thereby obtaining the reduced iron powder; and 4) the process for producing the reduced iron powder effectively solves the problems of low reduced iron powder productivity, poor quality stability, low heat utilization ratio, high working intensity, bad working environment and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy-efficient reduced iron powder production technology, belong to the powder metallurgy production technical field.
Background technology
The production procedure of powder metallurgy industry reduced iron powder is commonly: the reduction → sponge iron of (iron ore concentrate, steel scale of steel rolling etc.) → oven dry → magnetic separation → pulverizing → screening → tinning → once → clean with water → fragmentation → magnetic separation → secondary reduction → powder agglomates → separate broken → magnetic separation → screening → classification → batch mixing → packing → finished product.
Exist following not enough for this flow process of generally using:
(1) production efficiency is low, quality is unstable.In the tinning operation, reducing agent is contained in respectively in the different harness with iron ore concentrate, and once reduction is main leans on indirect reduction to realize that reduction rate is slow, the recovery time is long, and half-cooked, burn-off phenomenon happens occasionally, and makes reduced iron powder quality stability relatively poor relatively.And the operation of once reducing is generally accomplished in tunnel cave, kiln car need outer try hard to recommend into or pull out tunnel cave, thereby kiln car can not do too greatly, the tunnel cave production capacity is limited.
(2) the heat energy utilization rate is low.The tunnel cave high temperature section temperature of producing sponge iron is generally more than 1150 ℃, and the residual heat value that whole system of bf body produces is very big, and except that a very little part was used for plant area's heating, all the other heats all effluxed, and have caused the significant wastage of heat energy.And contain a lot of subparticle compositions in the thermal current that effluxes, understand contaminated air, aggravating working environment.
(3) poor working environment.It is all very little to produce the raw materials used granularity of sponge iron, and in the process of hand charging, discharging, the dust raising phenomenon of appearance is comparatively serious, and working environment is very poor, is unfavorable for health.
(4) labour intensity is big.The mode that generally all adopts hand caging at present, unloads jar, one charged jar weighs tens kilograms, causes labor strength bigger.
Summary of the invention
To the defective of prior art, it is a kind of reasonable in design that the present invention provides, and technology is advanced, can improve production capacity and heat energy utilization rate, and quality is more stable, can reduce labour intensity and a kind of energy-efficient reduced iron powder production technology of improving working environment.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
A kind of energy-efficient reduced iron powder production technology comprises the following steps:
1, iron-bearing material and reducing agent, binding agent are prepared burden, mix, are moistened mill by a certain percentage and handle after, through making ball or pressure ball makes green-ball.
2, green-ball gets into rotary hearth furnace after sieving, dry, rescreening branch, in rotary hearth furnace, once reduces, and makes sponge iron.
3, sponge iron is carried out fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening after, in steel belt type reducing furnace, carry out secondary reduction, the gained muffin through broken, sieve, close batch, make reduced iron powder.
In the wherein said step 1), described iron-bearing material is high-purity refined iron-mineral powder or steel scale of steel rolling, and its performance indications are: TFe >=70%, granularity is less than 74um part >=60%.
In the wherein said step 1), described reducing agent is coke powder or coal dust, granularity≤1mm.
In the wherein said step 1), described binding agent is an organic binder bond, and granularity is less than 74um part >=80%.It is that the pellet of main component is used organic binder bond that organic binder bond is selected for use with sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and its advantage is to improve the iron grade, cuts down the consumption of energy, and improves output.
In the said step 1), batching is meant: contain the C content of O amount and reducing agent according to iron-bearing material, according to mol ratio C: O=1: 1 calculates iron-bearing material and reducing agent proportioning, and binding agent is the 1%-3% of iron-bearing material and reducing agent gross weight.According to the moisture situation of raw material, in the process of batching, add water, make that finally the water content of compound is 7%～10% of a compound total amount.
Batch mixing is claimed in mixing described in the wherein said step 1) again, but adopts the batch mixer of continuous feed, continuous discharging.
In the wherein said step 1), described profit mill adopts damp mill to accomplish.
Preferably, adopt disc balling machine to make ball or high pressure ball press pressure ball in the step 1), the green-ball diameter is 15mm～40mm.
Wherein said step 2) screening described in and again screening be meant: screening is all selected roller screen, the gap 8-12mm of roller screen for use with screening again; Pelletizing is referred to as oversize on the roller screen, and oversize directly gets into next procedure; Particle under the roller screen is referred to as screenings, and screenings returns the burden process in the step 1).
Wherein said step 2) in, chain grate machine is adopted in the green-ball oven dry, 250 ℃～350 ℃ the low-temperature flue gas that the oven dry thermal source produces from residual neat recovering system, and drying time is 12～25 minutes; Green-ball moisture content after the oven dry is less than 3%.Dust content must satisfy national standard, and flue gas discharges after getting into the deduster dedusting.Deduster gained dedusting ash is returned the burden process in the step 1).
Preferably, step 2) adopt rotary hearth furnace in as a reduction furnace, divides five sections reduction (the prereduction section, reduce one section, reduce two sections, one section of soaking, two sections of soaking), one section temperature of two sections of reduction of the highest temperature and soaking is 1230 ℃-1300 ℃.20～35 minutes recovery times.
Preferably, prereduction section temperature is that 900 ℃～1100 ℃, one section temperature of reduction are that 1100 ℃～1230 ℃, two sections temperature of reduction are that 1230 ℃-1350 ℃, one section temperature of soaking are that 1230 ℃-1350 ℃, two sections temperature of soaking are 1100 ℃～1200 ℃.
The used coal gas medium of rotary hearth furnace is coke-stove gas, high coke mixed gas or producer gas.
Wherein said step 2) in, 1000 ℃ of-1100 ℃ of high-temperature flue gas that rotary hearth furnace comes out get into flue gas waste heat recovery system: the one tunnel: high-temperature flue gas is preheated to 800-900 ℃ with used combustion air of rotary hearth furnace and secondary wind through heat-exchanger rig.Two the tunnel: the entering low-pressure steam generator carried out heat exchange after high-temperature flue gas was converted cold wind.250-350 ℃ flue gas returns the green-ball baking operation in the step 2 after merging after the two-way heat exchange.
Wherein said step 2) in, sponge iron pelletizing temperature is 600 ℃-800 ℃.
In the wherein said step 3), the used reducing medium of steel belt type reducing furnace is a decomposed ammonia.Reduction temperature is 900～1000 ℃; Recovery time is 30 minutes～120 minutes.
Beneficial effect
Iron Ore Powder directly contacts with reducing agent, and reduction rate is fast, the time spent is short, and production efficiency is high.The present invention efficiently solves problems such as powder metallurgy industry reduced iron powder production production capacity is low, quality stability is poor, the heat energy utilization rate is low, working strength big, poor working environment, helps carrying out of recycling economy, energy-saving and emission-reduction work.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Adopt the smart powder of TFe content 73.2% high purity iron, breeze, organic binder bond to carry out batch mixing by 80.9: 16.3: 2.8 mass ratio, compound moisture content is controlled at about 9%, adopts disc balling machine to make Φ 20mm-Φ 30mm green-ball; Green-ball is hot-air seasoning 15min in 300 ℃ of chain castor dryers, and moisture content is taken off to below 3%; To going in the rotary hearth furnace to reduce,, obtain the sponge iron of TFe content more than 95% then through five sections reduction (1250 ℃ of the highest reduction temperatures) 30min; Sponge iron is after fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, and the powder of-200um advances steel belt type reducing furnace, and reduction 40-60min makes muffin under 920 ℃, ammonia dissolving atmosphere; Muffin is broken, sieve, close batch, make the high-quality reduced iron powder of granularity-150um>=95, TFe>=98.5%, hydrogen loss≤0.25%.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt the smart powder of TFe content 73.2% high purity iron, coal dust, organic binder bond to carry out batch mixing by 80.9: 16.3: 2.8 mass ratio, compound moisture content is controlled at about 8%, adopts the high pressure ball press to make the briquetting of 20 * 30 * 40mm; Briquetting is 250 ℃ of hot-air seasoning 20min in chain castor dryer, and moisture content is taken off to below 3%; Send in the rotary hearth furnace then and reduce,, obtain the sponge iron of TFe content more than 95% through five sections reduction (1320 ℃ of the highest reduction temperatures) 28min; Sponge iron is after fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, and the powder of-200um advances steel belt type reducing furnace, and reduction 50-70min makes muffin under 920 ℃, ammonia dissolving atmosphere; Muffin is broken, sieve, close batch, make the high-quality reduced iron powder of granularity-150um>=95, TFe>=98.5%, hydrogen loss≤0.25%.
Instance 3:
Adopt TFe content 73.5% steel rolling iron phosphorus, coal dust, organic binder bond to carry out batch mixing by 81.0: 16.2: 2.8 mass ratio, compound moisture content is controlled at about 9%, adopts disc balling machine to make Φ 25mm-Φ 35mm green-ball; Green-ball is 260 ℃ of hot-air seasoning 18min in chain castor dryer, and moisture content is taken off to below 3%; To going in the rotary hearth furnace to reduce,, obtain the sponge iron of TFe content more than 95% then through five sections reduction (1320 ℃ of the highest reduction temperatures) 28min; Sponge iron is after fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, and the powder of-200um advances steel belt type reducing furnace, and reduction 50-60min makes muffin under 920 ℃, ammonia dissolving atmosphere; Muffin is broken, sieve, close batch, make the high-quality reduced iron powder of granularity-150um>=95, TFe>=98.5%, hydrogen loss≤0.25%.
Embodiment 4:
Adopt TFe content 73.5% steel rolling iron phosphorus, breeze, organic binder bond to carry out batch mixing by 81.0: 16.2: 2.8 mass ratio, compound moisture content is controlled at about 8%, and the high pressure ball press makes the briquetting of 20 * 30 * 40mm; Briquetting is 230 ℃ of hot-air seasoning 22min in chain castor dryer, and moisture content is taken off to below 3%; To going in the rotary hearth furnace to reduce,, obtain the sponge iron of TFe content more than 95% then through five sections reduction (1350 ℃ of the highest reduction temperatures) 28min; Sponge iron is after fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, and the powder of-200um advances steel belt type reducing furnace, and reduction 40-60min makes muffin under 950 ℃, ammonia dissolving atmosphere; Muffin is broken, sieve, close batch, make the high-quality reduced iron powder of granularity-150um>=95, TFe>=98.5%, hydrogen loss≤0.25%.
Claims (10)
1. a reduced iron powder production technology comprises the following steps:
1) iron-bearing material and reducing agent, binding agent are prepared burden, mix, are moistened mill by a certain percentage and handle after, through making ball or pressure ball makes green-ball;
2) green-ball gets into rotary hearth furnace after sieving, dry, rescreening branch, in rotary hearth furnace, once reduces, and makes sponge iron;
3) sponge iron is carried out fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening after, in steel belt type reducing furnace, carry out secondary reduction, the gained muffin through broken, sieve, close batch, make reduced iron powder.
In the wherein said step 1), described iron-bearing material is high-purity refined iron-mineral powder or steel scale of steel rolling, and its performance indications are: TFe >=70%, granularity is less than 74um part >=60%.
2. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: wherein in the step 1), described reducing agent is coke powder or coal dust, granularity≤1mm;
Wherein in the step 1), described binding agent is an organic binder bond, and granularity is less than 74um part >=80%.
3. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: in the said step 1); Batching is meant: the C content that contains O amount and reducing agent according to iron-bearing material; According to mol ratio C: O=1: 1 calculates iron-bearing material and reducing agent proportioning, and binding agent is the 1%-3% of iron-bearing material and reducing agent gross weight; In the process of batching, add water, make that finally the water content of compound is 7%～10% of a compound gross weight;
Batch mixing is claimed in mixing described in the wherein said step 1) again, but adopts the batch mixer of continuous feed, continuous discharging;
In the wherein said step 1), described profit mill adopts damp mill to accomplish.
4. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt disc balling machine to make ball or high pressure ball press pressure ball in the step 1), the green-ball diameter is 15mm～40mm.
5. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the screening wherein said step 2) and again screening be meant: screening is all selected roller screen, the gap 8-12mm of roller screen for use with screening again; Pelletizing is referred to as oversize on the roller screen, and oversize directly gets into next procedure; Particle under the roller screen is referred to as screenings, and screenings returns the burden process in the step 1);
Wherein said step 2) in, chain grate machine is adopted in the green-ball oven dry, 250 ℃～350 ℃ the low-temperature flue gas that the oven dry thermal source produces from residual neat recovering system, and drying time is 12～25 minutes; Green-ball moisture content after the oven dry is less than 3%; Dust content must satisfy national standard, and flue gas discharges after getting into the deduster dedusting.Deduster gained dedusting ash is returned the burden process in the step 1).
6. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: step 2) in adopt rotary hearth furnace as a reduction furnace, divides five sections reduction, said five sections are reduced to prereduction section, one section of reduction, reduce two sections of two sections, one section of soaking and soaking,
One section temperature of two sections of reduction of the highest temperature and soaking is 1230 ℃-1300 ℃.20～35 minutes recovery times.
7. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: prereduction section temperature is that 900 ℃～1100 ℃, one section temperature of reduction are that 1100 ℃～1230 ℃, two sections temperature of reduction are that 1230 ℃-1350 ℃, one section temperature of soaking are that 1230 ℃-1350 ℃, two sections temperature of soaking are 1100 ℃～1200 ℃;
The used coal gas medium of rotary hearth furnace is coke-stove gas, high coke mixed gas or producer gas.
8. like each described reduced iron powder production technology of claim 1～7; It is characterized in that: said step 2), 1000 ℃ of-1100 ℃ of high-temperature flue gas that rotary hearth furnace comes out get into flue gas waste heat recovery system: the one tunnel: high-temperature flue gas is preheated to 800-900 ℃ with used combustion air of rotary hearth furnace and secondary wind through heat-exchanger rig; Two the tunnel: the entering low-pressure steam generator carried out heat exchange after high-temperature flue gas was converted cold wind; Return step 2 after 250-350 ℃ flue gas merges after the two-way heat exchange) in the green-ball baking operation.
9. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said step 2), sponge iron pelletizing temperature is 600 ℃-800 ℃.
10. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in the said step 3), the used reducing medium of steel belt type reducing furnace is a decomposed ammonia; Reduction temperature is 900～1000 ℃; Recovery time is 30 minutes～120 minutes.
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| CN102994679A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-03-27 | 武汉桂坤科技有限公司 | Method and equipment for producing high-quality sponge iron for reduced iron powder |
| CN102994680A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-03-27 | 武汉桂坤科技有限公司 | Controllable atmosphere rotary hearth furnace process for producing direct reduction iron |
| CN103042223A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-17 | 宁夏众磊鑫科技实业有限公司 | Reduced iron powder production process |
| CN103290159A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-09-11 | 昆明钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Method for producing directly-reduced iron powder in microwave heating manner |
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