CN102640663A - Solanaceous vegetable grafting seedling culture method adopting nutrition branches as stocks - Google Patents
Solanaceous vegetable grafting seedling culture method adopting nutrition branches as stocks Download PDFInfo
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- CN102640663A CN102640663A CN2011100392574A CN201110039257A CN102640663A CN 102640663 A CN102640663 A CN 102640663A CN 2011100392574 A CN2011100392574 A CN 2011100392574A CN 201110039257 A CN201110039257 A CN 201110039257A CN 102640663 A CN102640663 A CN 102640663A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a solanaceous vegetable grafting seedling culture method adopting nutrition branches as stocks and belongs to the technical field of vegetable seedling culture. According to the method, the easy-to-root and strong-resistance nutrition branches of solanaceous vegetable varieties are selected to be used as grafting stocks, the grafting operation is simple and convenient, the requirements on the growth period and the seeding period of the stock materials are not strict, the obtaining is easy after the planting, and the limitation that only seedlings can be used by the vegetable grafting stocks is broken through. The method comprises the following concrete steps that: (1) the proper stock varieties are selected; (2) stock stem sections and scions are cultured; (3) nutrition substrates are filled into a seedling tray; (4) stock stem sections are cut; (5) grafting is carried out; (6) cuttage is carried out; and (7) cuttage seedling management is carried out. When the operation and the management are carried out according to the steps, the stocks root, the stocks and the scions are connected, and complete grafted seedlings are cultured. The solanaceous vegetable grafting seedling culture method can be applied to the intensive seedling culture production of the solanaceous vegetables, and the effects of saving seeds, reducing the work intensity, improving the vegetable yield and the stress resistance, preventing soil-borne diseases and pests of various kinds and the like are realized.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grow seedlings of vegetable, relate to solanaceous vegetables is made stock with vegetative shoot grafting seedlings-growing method.
Two, background technology
Graft technology is an ancient agrotechnique rising in China, and nineteen twenty-five, Japan was applied to grow seedlings of vegetable with graft technology first, and to the eighties in 20th century, the vegetable grafting seedling growing process is widely used in countries in the world.It is technical strong; Be one take a lot of work, time-consuming operation, have be abutted against, cutting sth. askew connects (amplexiforming), cleft grafting, grafting etc., the vegetable grafting technology is constantly progressive in recent years; Grafting aids such as sleeve pipe, connection pin have been adopted; Grafting speed and graft survival rate all improve constantly, and also research has been innovated some novel grafting machines and is used for producing, and has promoted the application of graft technology vegetables.Reported " the new tomato grafting method of a cover---the improvement method of plant propagation with cutting " like [China's Vegetable, 2006 (8): 47] such as Miu Nansheng, made grafting easy and simple to handle, the saving of labor economizes material, the shortening time.
Cuttage raise seedling technique also is an ancient crop raising technology, and China is widely used in crops such as vegetables, fruit tree, flowers, forest with regard on the books and application before three, 4,000 years.Various in recent years biotechnologys are permeated in the crop cuttage and are used, and method is updated, and the crop species of cuttage is more and more, and scope constantly enlarges, and use increasingly extensively, even become essential method such as quality saving.Invented " plant species half bud or a leaf method of quick propagating and cultivating " like (2006) such as Zhang Dan.(application number: 200610017711.5 publication numbers: CN101061788), adopt half tender shoots or a blade of giving birth to then, perhaps have the tender stem of blade and make to insert fringe, cuttage root-taking obtains whole plant after treatment.(Shang Qingmao such as Gao Wanli; The Zhang Zhibin chief editor. vegetables intensification high efficiency seedling cultivating technology [M]. Beijing: China Materials Publishing House; 2010.111-120) introduced that efficient is high, speed is fast, cost is low, easy-operating modernized seedling growing process---vegetables rapid seedling cultivation technology, with organization materials such as the terminal buds of plants such as tomato, cucumber, willow wormwood artemisia, Gynura bicolor, leaf bud, branch, roots, through the creation optimum condition; Induce the formation whole plant, reach the purpose of quick breeding.
Solanaceous vegetables adopts the method for seed seedling-raising to breed usually.The demand of vegetable grafted seedling increases in recent years; The constantly development of graft seedling growth technology; But the seedling of seminal propagation is adopted in vegetable grafting stock source always, and stock and scion all must also require the sowing time of growing seedlings and the breeding time of stock and scion harmonious through the program of seed seedling-raising.Long Wangfu [agricultural knowledge; 2009 (22): 20-21] reported " vegetables root break graft seedling growth new method ", after the rootstock seedlings of vegetables is transferred in the soil, removed the part root system and carry out grafting; Between the grafting healing stage, induce stock to produce new root; This method has been applied to during gourd vegetables grows seedlings, but does not break away from the limitation of carrying out grafting with seedling, and is not suitable for solanaceous vegetables.Not seeing at present has graft technology to combine with cuttage technique, carries out the report that vegetable grafting is grown seedlings with vegetative shoot as stock.
Three, summary of the invention
In order to simplify the operating type of graft seedling growth, reduce operation intensity, improved operating efficiency; The present invention provides a kind of novel solanaceous vegetables grafting seedlings-growing method; This method combines graft technology with cuttage technique, carry out grafting with the vegetative shoot of solanaceous vegetables unrooted as stock, is promoting that through integrated management stock engages with scion; Induce stock to take root simultaneously, form complete grafting.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: select solanaceous vegetables stock varieties such as easy cuttage root-taking, adventive root root mass are flourishing, the tomato of strong stress resistance, eggplant for use; Plantation is turned out stem and is slightly reached the above branch of 0.5cm; The lower end is whittled into the inclined-plane of about 45; In the end the about 0.5cm in the axillalry bud of a slice leaf top～1cm place cuts off, and the band base of leaf section of the about 10cm length of intercepting is as graft stock.During grafting, be the cylindrical grafting rod on inclined-plane, 30 ° of angles earlier with thick about 0.3cm diameter, tip, most advanced and sophisticated oblique angle flats down and inserts stock stem middle part at graft stock axillalry bud place to be 45 with stem, forms the grafting socket.Then, vertically be 30 ° of angles with blade with stem and cut sth. askew, immediately the grafting rod is transferred to, the grafting socket is inserted in scion, utilize grafting socket and petiole that scion is fixed on the stock branch with the scion young shoot of 1 leaf.At last that grafting is good stock and scion are inserted in the ready cave dish nutrition soil together, put into the grafting seedbed and carry out integrated management, promote stock to take root and anvil fringe joint, form whole plant.
The present invention adopts the unrooted vegetative shoot of solanaceous vegetables to make graft stock and cultivates grafting; Break through the vegetable grafting stock and can only use the limitation of seedling; Graft material is prone to obtain, and cost is low, and more convenient operation is reliable; Viablity is high, and to sowing time and the requirement that does not all have strictness breeding time of graft stock.The adventive root root mass that vegetative shoot is done to grow after the stock cuttage is flourishing, and the grafting growth is energetic, strong stress resistance.
Four, description of drawings
Below in conjunction with photo the present invention is further specified:
Fig. 1 is that scion tender shoots and grafting rod insert the stock stem section that the back forms the grafting socket.
Fig. 2 be stock that grafting is good and scion together cuttage in nutrient matrix.
Fig. 3 is the tomato grafting that makes stock with vegetative shoot.
Fig. 4 does the grafting that stock, eggplant are done scion with the tomato nutrient branch.
Five, embodiment
Select suitable stock variety.Plantation filter out the root mass of easy cuttage root-taking, adventive root flourishing, make graft stock with the affinity high anti-type solanaceous vegetables kind strong, strong stress resistance of scion.
Cultivate stock stem section and scion tender shoots.Sow stock and scion in advance, cultivate stock stem section and scion, can go out a large amount of vegetative shoot and scion with a spot of cultivating seeds, reduce the seed costs of stock stem section or scion through the promotion plant vegetative growth of strengthening management.
The seedling culture hole plate nutrient matrix of packing into.Select the seedling culture hole plate of suitable size, cave dish spacing in the rows should have more than the 5cm; Nutrient matrix will loosen, in small, broken bits, porosity big, be rich in organic matter, pH is 6.0～7.5.Seedling culture hole plate and nutrient matrix all must pollution-free, no germ, no insect pests, do not have into grass seeds alive, and carry out disinfection in advance.After seedling culture hole plate is filled nutrient matrix, water permeable for use.
Intercepting stock stem section.The stock plant is wanted healthy energetic, no damage by disease and insect, should spray broad-spectrum germicide and insecticide before the intercepting stock, removes the source of infection of all damage by disease and insect.Require the stem of graft stock slightly will have more than the 0.5cm, the lower end is whittled into the inclined-plane of about 45, and about 0.5cm～1cm place above the blade axillalry bud, upper end cuts off, and the stem section about the long 10cm of intercepting is as graft stock.
The grafting scion.At the axillalry bud place of last a slice leaf of graft stock, be the cylindrical grafting rod on inclined-plane, 30 ° of angles with the about 0.3cm of diameter, tip ramp, flatting down with the oblique angle is 45 and inserts the stock middle part, forms the grafting socket, wouldn't transfer to.Cutting sth. askew with the vertical 30 ° of angles of stem with blade in place in that scion tender shoots stem slightly is about about 0.3cm, does scion (like Fig. 1).Immediately the grafting rod is transferred to, the grafting socket is inserted in scion, utilize the socket of stock and petiole that scion is fixed on the stock branch.
Cuttage.Stock that grafting is good and scion cuttage are together gone in the nutrient matrix of ready seedling culture hole plate, put into grafting seedbed management (like Fig. 2).
Seedbed management.The grafting seedbed is preferably in attached-greenhouse or the plastic tunnel, again with the sealed by film of the little shed of plastics, adds a cover the shading of double-deck sunshade net, control adapt circumstance condition.Seedling bed temperature is controlled at 23～32 ℃ daytime, at 15～26 ℃ of nights, keeps certain day and night temperature difference; Seedbed humidity is more than 95%; Keep the certain scattered light in seedbed; Prevent that damage by disease and insect from taking place.Grafting after 7 days to 14 days stock take root, when stock and scion were bonded together fully, progressively ventilation increased illumination, excessively arrive under the natural environmental condition and grows.
Claims (3)
1. solanaceous vegetables grafting seedlings-growing method of making stock with vegetative shoot; It is characterized in that with cuttage be prone to take root, the vegetative shoot of the solanaceous vegetables of strong stress resistance makes graft stock; The band leaf vegetative shoot of its unrooted of intercepting; Grafting scion on the top of vegetative shoot, through comprehensive management technology make to take root in the lower end of vegetative shoot, the anvil fringe engages, and cultivates grafting.
2. make graft stock according to the vegetative shoot of claims 1 described solanaceous vegetables; It is characterized in that this vegetative shoot is the stem section of intercepting from the plant of field growing; The lower end does not have root system, but root induction and grow flourishing root mass, and growing point is clipped on the top; But scion in the grafting forms whole plant through integrated management.
3. claims 1 are described makes the comprehensive management technology that vegetative shoot is taken root, the anvil fringe engages; It is characterized in that by selecting suitable stock variety, cultivate stock stem section and scion, intercepting stock stem section, grafting scion, cuttage are formed at nutrient matrix, seedbed management jointly, use this technology and can make stock with the vegetative shoot of solanaceous vegetables and cultivate grafting.
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| CN2011100392574A CN102640663A (en) | 2011-02-16 | 2011-02-16 | Solanaceous vegetable grafting seedling culture method adopting nutrition branches as stocks |
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| CN2011100392574A CN102640663A (en) | 2011-02-16 | 2011-02-16 | Solanaceous vegetable grafting seedling culture method adopting nutrition branches as stocks |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103843589A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-11 | 岑熙 | Wild head-changing grafting technology for solanaceous plants |
| CN107404846A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2017-11-28 | 海施蒂尔有限公司 | For providing method of graft increased and products thereof |
| CN108371031A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-08-07 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | A kind of method and its application improving tobacco resistance |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1356022A (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2002-07-03 | 何流 | Method for grafting mentor seeding to solanaceous crops |
| CN101061788A (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-10-31 | 河南省红枫实业有限公司 | Method of quick propagating and cultivating plant half-bud or whole-leaf |
-
2011
- 2011-02-16 CN CN2011100392574A patent/CN102640663A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1356022A (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2002-07-03 | 何流 | Method for grafting mentor seeding to solanaceous crops |
| CN101061788A (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-10-31 | 河南省红枫实业有限公司 | Method of quick propagating and cultivating plant half-bud or whole-leaf |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 李伟: "嫁接茄子砧木和接穗无性繁殖试验", 《西北园艺（蔬菜）》, 31 August 2005 (2005-08-31), pages 45 - 46 * |
| 李志友: "番茄嫁接技术", 《南方农业》, 31 August 2009 (2009-08-31), pages 15 - 17 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103843589A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-11 | 岑熙 | Wild head-changing grafting technology for solanaceous plants |
| CN107404846A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2017-11-28 | 海施蒂尔有限公司 | For providing method of graft increased and products thereof |
| CN108371031A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-08-07 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | A kind of method and its application improving tobacco resistance |
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