CN102626026A - Precise management system for tea garden based on GPS (Global Positioning System), GIS (Geographic Information System) and sensor network technology - Google Patents
Precise management system for tea garden based on GPS (Global Positioning System), GIS (Geographic Information System) and sensor network technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a precise management system for a tea garden based on a GPS, a GIS and a sensor network technology. The precise management system is used for carrying out real-time precise positioning management on tea growing environment information in the tea garden, tea garden working machines, a frost-prevention (anti-freezing) fan and working production conditions by using the GPS, the GIS and the sensor network technology. Attributes of tea garden field outlines are acquired by using the GPS and the GIS, information of soil nutrients, temperature and tea production in the tea garden is managed by using the GIS, and variable fertilization operations are carried out according to the soil nutrient information and the tea growth requirements; variable pesticide-spraying operation is carried out according to distribution situations of diseases and insect pests and weeds in the tea garden; a tea garden temperature monitoring network consisting of a temperature sensor and a wireless transmission module is used for real-timely monitoring environmental temperature in the tea garden; the working of the frost-prevention (anti-freezing) fan is controlled in real time according to the generation of temperature-inversion conditions, the situation of freezing damage of the tea garden is prevented and controlled and the quality and yield of the tea are guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, relate to the tea place environment of a kind of applying GPS, GIS and Radio Transmission Technology and the accurate management system of operation.
Background technology
Improving constantly of Along with people's living standard, tealeaves consumption is optimized trend development to high-grade, name, and quality of tea leaves then becomes maximum focus.At present; Tea tree plant with process of growth in; Mainly rely on tea grower's experience to carry out to operations such as the fertilising in tea place, dispenser, harvestings, and fertilising and spray value to use also be to adopt uniform of application operation and constant to spray medicine, lack practicable accurate management and scientific guidance.Because soil nutrient, the damage by disease and insect extent of injury property of there are differences everywhere in the tea place have caused the excessive use of chemicals such as chemical fertilizer and the agricultural chemicals subregion, tea place in, tea leaf quality decline occurs, on market, lose problems such as competitiveness.Simultaneously, famous-brand and high-quality tea production is made every effort to early go public, and sells good price, but famous-brand and high-quality tea exists contradiction with " early " for the situation that expensive commodity characteristics and tea place, mountain area are subject to freeze injury.Because the tea tree phenophase in advance; Add early living, special early the give birth to popularization of clone improved tea variety and the application of advanced science and technology, spring tea opens the garden early, and cold in the late spring usually takes place; Make tea tree that frost (freezing) evil take place; Not only lost units the more important thing is the reduction quality of tea leaves, causes very big economic loss to the tea grower.For guaranteeing high-quality, the high yield of tealeaves, need targetedly apply fertilizers scientifically, medication, improve quality of tea leaves, reduce the pollution that reduces when producing input cost environment; Through real-time monitoring tea place temperature; Grasp reason and pests occurrence rule that tea tree frost (freezing) evil takes place; In time control frost prevention (freezing) fan or take corresponding prevention and remedial measure; Preventing and reduce the generation of frost (freezing) evil, ensure that tea quality and output are important technologies of tea garden management, also is to improve kind of the effective way of Tea Industry planting benefit.
Carry out aspect the temperature monitoring in the tea place, Jiangsu University wears choose PCs such as the blue or green tinkling of pieces of jade as main control unit, through the RS-485 bus communication each node is monitored.Each functional module to host computer operation interface, communication interface and terminal node designs respectively.The transmission of use cable data, cost is high, and maintenance in the future is difficulty.
The tea place frost prevention fan is the technology of introducing from Japan in recent years, and this technology is that each fan contains a controller, each controller control fan separately.This mode drops into higher, and does not realize the effect of centralized Control, centralized management.
The tea place is the environment of a more complicated, and wiring is difficulty relatively, and the radio sensing network technical application is in tea place frost prevention (freezing) system, also more rare both at home and abroad.
With regard to the growing environment of crops, temperature is its most basic growth key element.The artificial dependence of traditional environment temperature monitoring means is big, and monitoring range is little, in application, is restricted.To crop growth environment temperature monitoring technology, be applied in mostly in the greenhouse control both at home and abroad, its monitoring target mainly is: crops such as vegetables, melon and fruit.Be applied to the environmental temperature real-time monitoring system of tea growth management, also do not appear in the newspapers.
Accurate information according to environmental temperature, nutrient and be injured situation and geographical position; Draw rational job instruction through the tea garden management expert system, use in the tea place that GIS, GPS, variable-rate fertilization and variable medicine spraying machine are implemented variable fertilization and variable spray medicine does not also appear in the newspapers.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem; The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of accurate management system in tea place based on GPS, GIS and sensing network technology; This system is to tea growth environment in the tea place through GPS (global positioning system), GIS (geographic information system) and sensing network technology; Comprise that tea garden soil nutrient, environmental temperature, disease and insect information, tea place Work machine, frost prevention (freezing) fan and work production situation carry out real-time positioning and precisely manage, in time control frost prevention (freezing) fan, and take corresponding prevention and remedial measure; Prevent and reduce the generation of frost (freezing) evil, ensure tea quality and output.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
A kind of accurate management system in tea place based on GPS, GIS and sensing network technology, it is characterized in that: this system comprises field control module, farm work module, field management module and central control module; In central control module, be provided with geographic information system; Said field control module comprises field GPS and farm work controller; The farm work module comprises variable-rate fertilization and variable medicine spraying machine; Variable-rate fertilization is connected with the farm work controller with field GPS with variable medicine spraying machine; The farm work controller is connected with central control module with radio transmission apparatus through the Z-BEE data acquisition; And the positional information that the fertilising prescription data that central control module is provided and field GPS provide sends variable-rate fertilization to, realizes the variable fertilization operation through variable-rate fertilization; The positional information that spray medicine prescription data that central control module is provided and field GPS provide sends variable medicine spraying machine to and realizes the operation of variable spray medicine; The field management module comprises temperature sensor and frost prevention-(freezing) fan; Temperature sensor is measured in the tea place temperature information in real time and is sent information to central control module through Z-BEE data acquisition and radio transmission apparatus, and central control module sends commands for controlling frost protection fan work in real time.
Operation principle of the present invention is: use global positioning system (GPS) and geographic information system (GIS) to gather plot, tea place profile attributes; Adopt soil nutrient, temperature and tea yield information in geographic information system (GIS) the management tea place, realize tea place mapping and management, tea garden soil, tea picking and tea yield information management through programming; Carry out the variable fertilization operation according to soil nutrient information and tealeaves growing way demand; According to disease pest and weed distribution situation in the tea place, carry out the operation of variable spray medicine; Environmental temperature in the temperature monitoring network real-time monitoring tea place, tea place that application is made up of temperature sensor, wireless transport module when the inversion condition produces, is controlled frost prevention (freezing) fan work in real time, and the freeze injury of prevention and control tea place takes place.Thereby ensure the quality and the output of Tea Production.
The present invention can carry out operation of real time temperature monitoring frost protection and management to the tea place.Be positioned at 4 meters 2 temperature sensors and be configured to power-saving working mode with the tea free canopy height; Every temperature at this place that recorded at a distance from 10 minutes; And data are sent to the farm work controller through Z-BEE data acquisition and radio transmission apparatus; Z-BEE data acquisition and the radio transmission apparatus transmission range used are 2000 meters, for central computer at a distance, use the middle junction revolution according to gathering and radio transmission apparatus.Wireless temperature monitoring and the frost prevention network formed by temperature sensor, Z-BEE data acquisition and radio transmission apparatus, frost prevention fan and central computer; Measure variations in temperature in the tea place in real time; After inversion forms; Central computer produces condition according to inversion, sends commands for controlling frost prevention (freezing) fan work in real time, and the startup of frost prevention (freezing) fan can be controlled by the farm work controller; Also can be by after being positioned near the fan Z-BEE data acquisition and radio transmission apparatus and receiving enabled instruction, the control fan work.
The present invention combines Spatial Information Technology, sensor detecting, sensing network technology with automatic control technology, realize automatic collection, wireless transmission, monitoring in real time and precisely operation and management to the tea place ambient temperature information.In Various Seasonal; According to tea growth environmental temperature, soil nutrient, disease and insect information in the tea place; Application space information technology and sensing network technology carry out uninterrupted monitoring in real time to the tea place temperature; Draw rational supervisory instruction through the tea garden management expert system, realize carrying out variable fertilization and spray medicine, reach and reduce the purpose that drops into, increases the benefit and ensure tea leaf quality by the tea growth nutritional need or the control of being injured through GPS and variable-rate fertilization or variable medicine spraying machine.Solution in the tea place nutrient spatial distribution inhomogeneous, or under the damage by disease and insect degree condition of different, with the operating type fertilising of balanced constant, the spray chemical fertilizer that medicine was caused, the problem that agricultural chemicals overuses.Through the space management of real-time and precise, carry out in real time precisely regulation and control targetedly, save human and material resources, reduce production costs, reduce loss, improve tea quality and output.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a The general frame of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a connection sketch map of the present invention.
Embodiment
The accurate management system in tea place based on GPS, GIS and sensing network technology of the present invention is seen Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.This system comprises field control module 1, farm work module 2, field management module 3 and central control module 4; Central control module 4 is central computers.In central computer, be provided with geographic information system 41; Field control module 1 comprises field GPS11 and farm work controller 12; Farm work controller 12 can be the field calculator.Farm work module 2 comprises variable-rate fertilization 21 and variable medicine spraying machine 22; Variable-rate fertilization 21 is connected with farm work controller 12 with field GPS11 with variable medicine spraying machine 22; Farm work controller 12 is connected with central control module 4 with radio transmission apparatus 5 through the Z-BEE data acquisition; And the positional information that the fertilising prescription data that central control module 4 is provided and field GPS11 provide sends variable-rate fertilization 21 to, realizes the variable fertilization operations through variable-rate fertilization 21; The positional information that spray medicine prescription data that central control module 4 is provided and field GPS11 provide sends variable medicine spraying machine 22 to and realizes the operations of variablees spray medicine; Field management module 3 comprises temperature sensor 31 and frost protection fan 32; Temperature sensor 31 is measured in the tea places temperature information in real time and is sent information to central control module 4 through Z-BEE data acquisition and radio transmission apparatus 5, and central control module 4 sends commands for controlling frost prevention (freezing) fan 32 in real time and works.
Variable-rate fertilization 21 has two kinds of working methods: automated manner and manual mode.Automatically under the working method; According to the positional information that GPS provided and the operating rate information that are assemblied on the fertilizer distributor; Automatically the fertilizer distributor job position, the speed that are read the fertilising prescription data sent by control centre and GPS and provided by the farm work controller are controlled fertilizer and are discharged, and realize the variable fertilization operation; During the manual work mode, fertilizing amount by manual work on variable fertilization controller touch-screen manually the required fertilizing amount of the input velocity information that combines to be assemblied in the velocity sensor on the tractor and provide accomplish variable fertilization operation to the tea place.The job instruction (be prescription data) of variable-rate fertilization in the tea place can 2 kinds of modes obtain: 1. through the acquisition of communicating by letter with central computer of farm work controller; 2. through obtaining from central downloaded data.
Variable medicine spraying machine 22 also can be worked in two ways: automated manner and manual mode.Automatically under the working method; Automatically read the spray medicine place data that provide by control centre by the variable job controller,, extract spray medicine prescription data according to the positional information that GPS provided and the operating rate information that are assemblied on the spraying machine; The control dose sprays, and realizes the operation of variable spray medicine; During the manual work mode, formulation rate is imported required dose by manual work on the touch-screen of variable controller, accomplishes the operation of tealeaves variable spray medicine in conjunction with the velocity information that the velocity sensor that is assemblied on the tractor provides.
Fig. 1 is the native system The general frame.GIS software is to use Professional MapInfo 7.5, is installed in the central computer, combines GIS assembly MapX5.0 with Professional MapInfo 7.5, the accurate management system in Application V C Plus Plus exploitation tea place.Engine by tractor is that consumers such as GPS navigation system and farm work controller provide 12V direct current.Installation rate sensor on the driving wheel of tractor, velocity sensor uses passive velocity transducer, measures the operating speed of tractor (being variable-rate fertilization or variable medicine spraying machine) in real time, and rate signal is transferred to the farm work controller through the shielding wire cable.The GPS navigation system equipment is installed on variable-rate fertilization, variable medicine spraying machine, is connected with the farm work controller through the RS232 interface; Receive gps signal by farm work controller (identification of embedded tea place job position and control program) in the tea place during operation.The action of control impuls control variables executing agency is sent according to prescription data in the identification position.Temperature sensor is placed in frost prevention (freezing) fan place, and two temperature sensors are installed at a frost prevention (freezing) position of fan place, and one is installed in the tea tree canopy height, and one is installed in 4 meters eminences; 2 temperature sensor sensors are connected with radio transmission apparatus with the Z-BEE data acquisition, and temperature signal sends to farm work controller and central computer by Z-BEE data acquisition and radio transmission apparatus.
Frost prevention (freezing) fan is connected with radio transmission apparatus with the Z-BEE data acquisition, after Z-BEE data acquisition and radio transmission apparatus receive the control instruction from farm work controller and PC (central computer), sends a dc pulse signal and starts or stops frost prevention (freezing) fan.
The present invention divides central computer and farm work controller two layer-managements and control operation.The effect of central computer is to use GIS management tea place, provides decision-making prescription or instruction; The farm work controller is responsible for receiving instruction, being controlled at tea place local job.At the central computer end; Use GIS to set up the spatial database of tea garden soil nutrient, damage by disease and insect distribution, the distribution of frost prevention (freezing) fan; And be platform development fertilising decision system, the antifreeze decision system of dispenser decision system and tea place with GIS, use VC++ Programming with Pascal Language realization to communicate by letter and display system with operation to wireless communication module with the tea place environment.Show the tea place situation in real time at central computer: comprise the tea place temperature, Temperature Distribution situation, tea garden soil nutrient distribution status; Position of fan distributes and duty, the zone that inversion produces, fertilizer distributor job position; Operating rate, institute's defertilizing amount, spraying machine operating rate; The ejection dose, job position, tea picking operation and output record etc.In the field, using the ARM920T-S3C2410 microprocessor is to carry out the control operation as the main effect of the farm work controller of core exploitation, local frost prevention (freezing) fan work in control tea place, or the control variables workover rig carries out the variable operation.Can carry out communication through wireless network between the two, also can or download job instruction through the wired connection interactive information.
It is through using GPS to combine GIS to obtain the tea place border map that the tea place is accurately managed; Use the grid partition program that grid is carried out in the tea place and divide (grid is called an operating unit); After in to each grid, carrying out soil sampling, soil nutrient test; Be input among the GIS, set up tea garden soil nutrient database; Applying GPS obtains the position of frost protection fan in the tea place, lays 2 temperature sensors at each frost protection fan place simultaneously, and one is positioned at high 4 meters, ground, and one is positioned over the tea tree canopy height.Use GIS and obtain tea place temperature and fan distribution map, and set up variations in temperature and frost prevention (freezing) database.
During use, open native system, have three sub-systems selective: fertilising, dispenser and frost prevention (freezing).After selecting the fertilising subsystem, the entering variable fertilizing management.Branch has file, inquiry, management map, soil (position, nutrient distribution) under this function, fertilising is made a strategic decision and prescription is exported, network is connected, applies fertilizer operation, and monitor and Presentation Function (operation history, fertilising date, fertilizing amount, operation field position etc.); After selecting the dispenser subsystem, entering variable dispenser management.Following branch has file, inquiry, management map, evil mutual affection cloth, medication is made a strategic decision and prescription output, network are connected, dispenser job management projects such as (dispenser date, formulation rate, operation history, operation field positions); After selecting frost prevention (freezing) subsystem, get into real time temperature monitoring and frost prevention (freezing) job management.Mainly contain to file, map, sensor (1,2 ..., 2N), fan (1,2 ..., N), Temperature Distribution, the temperature difference distribute, inversion distributes and project such as fan job management.
Use accurate management system of the present invention, can rationally effectively use chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, in time prevent and control the generation of tea place frost (freezing) evil.On the one hand, can save the input of fertilizer, dose, improve quality of tea leaves when reducing production costs, reduce pollution environment.And, in time control fan through monitoring tea place inversion generation in real time, and prevent and reduce the generation of frost (freezing) evil, ensure tea yield and quality.On the other hand, applying GPS carries out real-time positioning to the monitoring point, tea place, can be according to the particular location of environment (temp. and humidity) abnormity point, and the manager passes through GIS space management accurately, precisely regulates and control targetedly.Can save human and material resources to a great extent, reduce production costs.The 3rd, this accurately in management system each radio node with low cost, can easily the connecting system network, interstitial content can be expanded, energy consumption is low, supports dormancy, can under battery powered situation, use for a long time, good stability is convenient to safeguard.And use wirelessly transmitting data also can reduce power consumption and maintenance cost, improve the stability of monitoring and management system work, and realize centralized management, decentralised control.
Claims (6)
1. accurate management system in tea place based on GPS, GIS and sensing network technology, it is characterized in that: this system comprises field control module (1), farm work module (2), field management module (3) and central control module (4); In central control module (4), be provided with geographic information system (41); Said field control module (1) comprises field GPS (11) and farm work controller (12); Farm work module (2) comprises variable-rate fertilization (21) and variable medicine spraying machine (22); Variable-rate fertilization (21) is connected with farm work controller (12) with field GPS (11) with variable medicine spraying machine (22); Farm work controller (12) is connected with central control module (4) with radio transmission apparatus (5) through the Z-BEE data acquisition; And the positional information that the fertilising prescription data that central control module (4) is provided and field GPS (11) provide sends variable-rate fertilization (21) to, realizes the variable fertilization operation through variable-rate fertilization (21); The positional information that spray medicine prescription data that central control module (4) is provided and field GPS (11) provide sends variable medicine spraying machine (22) to and realizes the operation of variable spray medicine; Field management module (3) comprises temperature sensor (31) and frost prevention (freezing) fan (32); Temperature sensor (31) is measured in the tea place temperature information in real time and is sent information to central control module (4) through Z-BEE data acquisition and radio transmission apparatus (5), and central control module (4) sends commands for controlling frost prevention (freezing) fan (32) work in real time.
2. the accurate management system in tea place based on GPS, GIS and sensing network technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: variable-rate fertilization (21) has automated manner and two kinds of working methods of manual mode.
3. the accurate management system in tea place based on GPS, GIS and sensing network technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: variable medicine spraying machine (22) has automated manner and two kinds of working methods of manual mode.
4. the accurate management system in tea place based on GPS, GIS and sensing network technology according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: central control module (4) shows the tea place situation in real time; The tea place situation comprises zone, fertilizer distributor job position, operating rate, institute's defertilizing amount, the spraying machine operating rate that tea place temperature, Temperature Distribution situation, tea garden soil nutrient distribution status, position of fan distribution and duty, inversion produce; The ejection dose, job position, tea picking operation and output record.
5. the accurate management system in tea place based on GPS, GIS and sensing network technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: central control module (4) Using geographic information system (41) is controlled field control module (1), farm work module (2).
6. the accurate management system in tea place based on GPS, GIS and sensing network technology according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: central control module (4) obtains the tea place border map through field GPS (11) combining geographic information system (41); Using the grid dividing mode that grid is carried out in the tea place divides; After in to each grid, carrying out soil sampling, soil nutrient test, be input in the geographic information system (41), set up tea garden soil nutrient database.
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| CN103019642A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-03 | 滨州禾丰高效生态产业技术开发有限公司 | Touch screen information query system for winter jujubes |
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| CN106034827A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-10-26 | 镇江市润州园林绿化研究所 | Breeding system of landscape plants |
| CN106332603A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-18 | 龙文庆 | Multifunctional tea leaf picking and tea tree maintenance machine |
| CN106444656A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 朱克贤 | Cellphone intelligent control system for ecological tea garden |
| CN108605496A (en) * | 2013-01-21 | 2018-10-02 | 株式会社久保田 | Agricultural working machine, agricultural operation management method and the recording medium for having recorded its program |
| CN109362312A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-22 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | A kind of tea place, orchard intelligence fertilization pesticide spraying system |
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| CN106332603B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-11-30 | 泉州台商投资区翔宇进出口贸易有限公司 | Multifunctional tea leaf picking and tea tree maintenance machine |
| CN106444656A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 朱克贤 | Cellphone intelligent control system for ecological tea garden |
| CN112996381A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2021-06-18 | 古田电机股份有限公司 | Frost prevention device, frost prevention fan control device and frost prevention fan control method |
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| CN110174860A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-27 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of orchard environment information monitoring system and method based on Internet of Things |
| CN110489503A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-22 | 南京生兴有害生物防治技术股份有限公司 | A kind of preventing and controlling pine wilt disease construction GIS managerial command system |
| CN110647194A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-03 | 北京科百宏业科技有限公司 | Big data analysis processing system for solving agricultural frost and working method thereof |
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