CN102625561A - 200KW non-transferred arc plasma generator and arc-striking method - Google Patents
200KW non-transferred arc plasma generator and arc-striking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102625561A CN102625561A CN2012100796500A CN201210079650A CN102625561A CN 102625561 A CN102625561 A CN 102625561A CN 2012100796500 A CN2012100796500 A CN 2012100796500A CN 201210079650 A CN201210079650 A CN 201210079650A CN 102625561 A CN102625561 A CN 102625561A
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Abstract
Disclosed are a 200KW non-transferred arc plasma generator and an arc-striking method. A negative pole and an insulating sleeve, a clearance, a small positive pole and an adjustable insulating seat, a main gas ring, a second positive pole, an outside seal, an adjusting nut and a big positive pole are arranged sequentially along the injecting direction. The negative pole is of solid red copper, an outer ring of the negative pole is a stainless steel sleeve, and a cooling waterway is formed between the negative pole and the stainless steel sleeve. Each positive pole is of red copper with a center hole and a cooling waterway, a threaded junk ring and a special-shaped flange which can be adjustably connected at an axial direction are arranged outside each positive pole. Inert gases serving as assistant gases are ventilated to the top of the small positive pole; and main gases and protection gases are screwed in the second positive pole and the top of the big positive. The negative pole of the direct current power is connected with the negative pole of the plasma generator; the positive pole of the direct current power is connected with three positive poles of the plasma generator, and each positive pole is provided with an arc-transferring switch. Multiple positive poles are used for increasing the arc pressure, so that the power can be reached to 200KW. The main gases and protection gases are screwed in to produce stable and uniform arcs. Water-cooling is used for meeting the cooling requirements for high powers. The negative poles are arranged at the rearmost end to guarantee convenient installation and replacement. Control parameters can be altered by distance adjustment, so that the service life is prolonged. The 200KW non-transferred arc plasma generator and the arc-striking method can be used for waste detoxifying treatment, fire-resistant heat-insulating material melting production for ore smelting, radioactive waste treatment and funeral-interment and cremation industry.
Description
(1) technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of high-power (more than the 100KW) plasma generator, belong to ion and produce and gap class (H01T).
(2) background technology:
We know; Along with there is the conversion process solid-state, liquid, that gaseous state is ternary in temperature rising material; When the gaseous material temperature rises to several thousand when spending; Make gas molecule produce ionization, material just becomes free movement and interactional cation and electronics composition mixture like this, and this 4th attitude that is called material is a plasma.Its Temperature Distribution is examined 10 of cataclysm plasma from the low temperature plasma of 100K to superhigh temperature
8～10
9K (1～1,000,000,000 ℃).In the existing hot plasma generating means that uses, be that the arc discharge effect between negative electrode and anode makes inflow working gas generation ionization, the plasma of output is spurting, as plasma jet or plasma jet etc.What tradition adopted is the direct-current discharge method, and the positive pole of DC power supply is connected with hot plasma generator anode, and negative pole is connected with negative electrode; After institute's making alive reaches certain value; Interelectrode working gas is formed plasma by ionization, and high velocity jet goes out the generator mouth, forms plasma jet.This moment, bright eruption had very high heat content, and its inner cone temperature can reach 10000 ℃～20000 ℃, and flame envelope partly also can reach 3000 ℃.The characteristics such as high temperature high enthalpy of arc discharge plasma are the technology of the various indusrial toxic harmful discarded objects of harmless treatment by external advanced country first-selection just.Power does not wait from 25kW to 250kW, and stream time can reach 30 hours when using air as working gas, and stream time can reach more than 100 hours when using nitrogen as working gas.The non-transferred arc plasma generator is applicable to any type of trade waste, reaches whether belong to can both handling of conduction property no matter object being treated is solid-state, liquid, gaseous state.Said untransferable arc is exactly that electric arc must oneself produce in the plasma generator chamber, does not shift outside cavity; Said transferred arc is meant must put conductor outside the chamber, the outside electric arc that produces of conductor and cavity.
The general structure of existing small-power untransferable arc plasma generator (below the 100KW) such as Fig. 4 are provided with negative electrode 1n center up, establish an anode 2n that centre bore is arranged, and gap 3n are arranged, DC power supply U between the two
0Two ends put on gap 3n through the lead that is separately fixed at negative electrode and anode with voltage and produce electric arc 4n.From the above, the negative electrode of small-power untransferable arc plasma generator and anode close, arc voltage is low, and its shortcoming is following: 1) arc voltage is low, and same power operating current is big, and loss is big, causes efficient low on the one hand; Electric current is fast to electrode erosion greatly on the other hand, and the life-span is short.2) arc voltage is low, and flame is short relatively, generally can only be applicable to the generation local pyrexia, as be used for cutting metal etc. that range of application is little.3) unsuitable large-scale industrialization production of small-power (below the 100KW) and low arc voltage (tens-100 volts) and application.
(3) summary of the invention:
200KW untransferable arc plasma generator provided by the invention and striking method, the plasma generator loss is big, efficient is low, electrode life is short, range of application is little and the problem of unsuitable large-scale industrialization production and application to solve existing small-power (below the 100KW) exactly.
Technical scheme is following:
200KW untransferable arc plasma generator is characterized in that:
1) from electric arc produce to emission direction be provided with the insulating cylinder 2, gap 3, primary anode 4 of negative electrode 1 and negative electrode periphery in order and support the adjustable insulating base 5 of primary anode, with regulating nut 9 outside the sealing 8 of main gas between the main compression ring of outer introducing centre bore 6, two anodes 7, two anodes and main compression ring, two anodes and the big anode 10 of loudspeaker spout being arranged bottom; 2) negative electrode is solid red copper electrode 1.1, and the negative electrode outer ring is a stainless steel cylinder 1.3, and the interlayer between red copper electrode and stainless steel cylinder is a cooling water channel 1.2; Primary anode, two anodes and big anode are the red copper electrode, and the identical centre bore in aperture seen off for the power supply arc that is communicated with of center, are equipped with cooling water channel in three anode red copper electrodes; Negative electrode outer ring stainless steel cylinder is sealing shrink cylinder neck 1.31, conically shaped 1.32 and the straight shape tube 1.33 of tight cover negative electrode from front to back, wherein all is connected with thread seal between shrink cylinder neck and straight shape tube and exterior insulation tube; 3) at insulating cylinder and adjustable insulating base periphery external threading pressure ring 11 with both axial adjustable connections; Outside adjustable insulating base, adorn special-shaped flange 12, and adjustable insulating base is axially fixed at main compression ring with screw; Two anodes are fixing to being connected with flange with big anode shaft, and insulating barrier 13 is housed between two flanges; 4) make to pay gas 15 with inert gas and introduce the primary anode top through adjustable insulating base; Main gas 16 screws in two anode tops through main compression ring; Protection gas 17 screws in big anode top between two anodes and big anode; 5) DC power supply U
0Negative pole be connected with negative electrode; The positive pole of DC power supply is connected with lead 18 with three anodes, and all respectively adorns a transferred arc switch on the connecting line of each anode and lead 18.
Specifically optimizing structure and design parameter of above-mentioned plasma generator, accompanying drawings in an embodiment.
Make the striking method of above-mentioned 200KW untransferable arc plasma generator work, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) on the primary anode electrode wires, carries out high pressure resistant processing, reinforced insulation; 2) four electrode wires are fixed on the electrode connecting piece of four electrodes; 3) regulate main gas and pay air valve, the protection gas bottle, three places all feed gas; 4) be applied to DC power supply between primary anode and negative electrode and boost, unloaded direct voltage is greater than 600 volts; 5) between primary anode and negative electrode, apply high frequency voltage, two interpolars are punctured, produce electric arc greater than 10000 volts; 6) after 1 second, elder generation connects two anode K switch 7, breaks off then between primary anode K switch 4, two anodes and negative electrode producing electric arc; 7) after 1 second, connect big anode K switch 10 earlier, break off two anode K switch 7 then, produce electric arc between big anode and negative electrode, voltage raises maximum 450 volts, and striking is accomplished.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1) be provided with the multianode structure of primary anode, two anodes and big anode, increased the distance between negative electrode and the anode, improved arc voltage, when keeping same electric current, power improves greatly, realizes reaching 200KW.2) feed pair gas as producing plasma gas; The main gas that feeds rotation makes arc stability even, protects two anode tops; The protection gas that feeds rotation makes arc stability even, protects big anode top.3) negative electrode all adopts water-cooled with each anode, to satisfy the radiating requirements of high-power electrode.4) negative electrode is located at end, plasma generator rear end and the termination of exposing is arranged, and adopts between screw thread and exterior insulation tube and be connected, and installing and replacing is comparatively convenient.5) various Control Parameter all can be revised according to operating condition within the specific limits, and useful life is longer: promptly be provided with adjustable insulating base 5, threaded pressure ring 11 and adjusting nut 9, thereby realization can be revised spacing adjustment running parameter between each electrode of adjustment according to operating condition.And this paper provides the optimal design size range of each electrode distance, reaches power demand to realize regulating.6) endoporus is a horn mouth below the big anode, and exit flame is increased, and the length of flame reaches 60-70cm.7) in the cooling water channel screw thread is arranged, strengthen heat radiation.8) the striking method that adopts can guarantee that the continous-stable that electric arc produces in the striking is reliable, and arcing initiation success rate is higher to be reached more than 95%.9) because power reaches 200KW, the scope of application is big, applicable following field: 1. environmental protection field: the nothing of high-risk trade waste poisons processing (solid, liquid, gas all can); The processing of medical waste; Electronic waste is disposed.2. field of metallurgy: the smelting of various ores; The molten system of flame-proof thermal insulation material; The past heritage article reclaim.3. nuclear power field: the safe disposal of radioactive waste.4. funeral and interment is cremated already.
(4) description of drawings:
Fig. 1 vertical profile TV structure of the present invention sketch map.
Fig. 2 profile schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 Figure 1A-A cutaway view (main compression ring vertical view).
Fig. 4 has small-power untransferable arc plasma generator structural representation now.
(5) embodiment:
Present embodiment 200KW untransferable arc plasma generator, the following composition:
1) general layout: see Fig. 1, from electric arc produce to emission direction be provided with the insulating cylinder 2, gap 3, primary anode 4 of negative electrode 1 and negative electrode periphery in order and support the adjustable insulating base 5 of primary anode, with sealing 8, adjusting nut 9 that two anode cylindricals adorn and the big anode 10 that loudspeaker spout bottom arranged of main gas between the main compression ring of outer introducing centre bore 6, two anodes 7, the outer top of two anodes and main compression ring.
2) each electrode structure: see Fig. 1, negative electrode 1 is solid red copper electrode 1.1, and the negative electrode outer ring is a stainless steel cylinder 1.3, and the interlayer that solid red copper electrode 1.1 and stainless steel cylinder are 1.3 is a cooling water channel 1.2.(seeing Fig. 2 simultaneously) introduced and drawn to cold water by cooling water channel 1.2 tops.Negative electrode outer ring stainless steel cylinder be shrink cylinder neck 1.31, conically shaped 1.32 and the straight tube 1.33 of tight cover negative electrode and sealing from front end to back, wherein between shrink cylinder neck and straight and exterior insulation tube respectively with screw thread 1.31a, 1.33a and be tightly connected.Lean on shrink cylinder neck 1.31 tight seals to be connected between the solid red copper electrode of negative electrode and stainless steel cylinder.Stainless steel cylinder 1.3 leans on up and down, and screw thread 1.31a, 1.33a screw in the exterior insulation tube 2 and are fixed as one.Primary anode 4 is provided with cooling water channel 4.2, and leads in/out (seeing Fig. 2 simultaneously) from the main compression ring 6 of below for the red copper electrode of centre bore 4.1 is arranged in the primary anode red copper electrode.Two anodes 7 are provided with cooling water channel 7.2, and radially lead in/out (seeing Fig. 2 simultaneously) from two anode red copper electrodes for the red copper electrode of centre bore 7.1 is arranged in the two anode red copper electrodes.Big anode 10 is provided with cooling water channel 10.2 in the big anode red copper electrode, and radially leads in/out (seeing Fig. 2 simultaneously) from two anode flanges 7.3 for the red copper electrode of centre bore 10.1 is arranged.Big anodes centre hole is tubaeform.Aperture, three anodes centre holes is identical.The cooling water channel of three anodes is provided with and increases the screw thread that conducts heat.Between negative electrode and primary anode apart from scope h
4=1～4mm; Negative electrode and two anode spacings are from scope h
7=150～200mm; Negative electrode leaves scope h with big anode spacing
10=350～400mm; Three anodes centre holes aperture span d=20-40mm.And the product length overall is that 600-700mm, product maximum outside diameter (main compression ring place) are 150-200mm.
3) the outside connection of each electrode, adjustment, hermetically-sealed construction: see Fig. 1, insulating cylinder 2 is all made with gathering tetrafluoro alkene with adjustable insulating base 5, overlaps stainless steel threaded pressure rings 11 with both axial adjustable connections in both peripheries; Promptly work as rotary threaded pressure ring, the length in gap 3 between adjustable cathode and primary anode (built-in packing ring carries out trickle adjustment).Adjustable insulating base is the obform body that centre bore 5.1 is arranged, and interior dress also supports primary anode 4, adorns special-shaped flange 12 outward, with screw 12.1 adjustable insulating base 5 is axially fixed at main compression ring 6 upper surfaces; Rotary screw 12.1 is fixed adjustable insulating base in main compression ring 6 upper surfaces through special-shaped end face of flange.Adjustable insulating base is provided with the adjustable pad 5.2 and strutting piece 5.3 that is placed on primary anode below, can be through the axial distance of 6 of increase and decrease pad adjusting plays 3, primary anode 4, main compression ring.The sealing of adorning between two anodes and main compression ring 8 is following pattern: dress sealing ring 8.1 between two anode cylindricals upper end and main compression ring, and at two anode external fixation flanges 8.2, flange is circumferentially adorned a plurality of bolts 8.3 that are screwed into main compression ring lower surface.Cover installing adjusting nut 9 on two anodes, 7 external cylindrical surfaces is each other with being threaded; After the adjustment of two anode axial locations is suitable, withstand on fixing two anodes and adjusting nut relative position on the flange 7.3 with the screw 9.1 that axially passes adjusting nut.Two anodes axially are connected fixing with flange 7.3 and big anode flange 10.3, the insulating barrier 13 (seeing Fig. 2 simultaneously) of centre bore is housed between two flanges.
4) each several part gas circuit: see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, make to pay gas 15 with ellipse property gas and introduce primary anode 4 tops through adjustable insulating base 5; Main gas 16 screws in two anode tops through main compression ring 6; Protection gas 17 screws in big anode top from insulating barrier 13 between two anodes and big anode.See Fig. 3, main compression ring 6 is outer for having the stainless steel cylinder 6.1 of air inlet, and internal layer is that central through hole 6.4 to be arranged and circumferentially be furnished with between 6.3, two of the stainless steel cylinders of a plurality of oblique air intake ducts be cavity air flue 6.2.
5) circuit: see Fig. 1, DC power supply U
0Negative pole be connected with negative electrode 1 with lead 1a; The positive pole of DC power supply is connected with total lead 18 with three anodes, and each anode is connected with total lead 18 with intraphase conductor 4a, 7a, 10a respectively, all respectively adorns a transferred arc K switch on each intraphase conductor 4a, 7a, the 10a line
4, K
7, K
10Establishing electrode connecting piece on each electrode is connected fixing with lead 1a respectively with each intraphase conductor 4a, 7a, the 10a other end.
Present embodiment makes the striking method of 200KW untransferable arc plasma generator work, comprises the steps: 1) on the primary anode electrode wires, carry out high pressure resistant processing, reinforced insulation; 2) four electrode wires are fixed on the electrode connecting piece of four electrodes; 3) regulate main gas and pay air valve, the protection gas bottle, three places all feed gas; 4) DC power supply is applied between primary anode and negative electrode boosts, unloaded direct voltage is greater than 600 volts; 5) between primary anode and negative electrode, apply high frequency voltage, two interpolars are punctured, produce electric arc greater than 1000 volts; 6) after 1 second, connect two anode K switch earlier
7, break off the primary anode K switch then
4, produce electric arc between two anodes and negative electrode; 7) after 1 second, connect big anode K switch earlier
10, break off two anode K switch then
7, producing electric arc between big anode and negative electrode, voltage raises maximum 450 volts, and striking is accomplished.
Claims (7)
1.200KW the untransferable arc plasma generator is characterized in that:
1) from electric arc produce to emission direction be provided with the insulating cylinder (2), gap (3), primary anode (4) of negative electrode 1 and negative electrode periphery in order and support the adjustable insulating base (5) of primary anode, with regulating nut (9) outside the sealing (8) of main gas between main compression ring (6), two anodes (7), two anodes and the main compression ring of outer introducing centre bore, two anodes and the big anode (10) of loudspeaker spout being arranged bottom;
2) negative electrode is a solid red copper electrode (1.1), and the negative electrode outer ring is stainless steel cylinder (1.3), and the interlayer between red copper electrode and stainless steel cylinder is cooling water channel (1.2); Primary anode, two anodes and big anode are the red copper electrode, and the identical centre bore in aperture seen off for the power supply arc that is communicated with of center, are equipped with cooling water channel in three anode red copper electrodes; Negative electrode outer ring stainless steel cylinder is sealing shrink cylinder neck (1.31), conically shaped (1.32) and the straight shape tube (1.33) of tight cover negative electrode from front to back, wherein all is connected with thread seal between shrink cylinder neck and shape tube directly and exterior insulation tube;
3) at insulating cylinder and adjustable insulating base periphery external threading pressure ring (11) with both axial adjustable connections; Outside adjustable insulating base, adorn special-shaped flange (12), and adjustable insulating base is axially fixed at main compression ring with screw; Two anodes are fixing to being connected with flange with big anode shaft, and insulating barrier (13) is housed between two flanges;
4) make to pay gas (15) with inert gas and introduce the primary anode top through adjustable insulating base; Main gas (16) screws in two anode tops through main compression ring; Protection gas (17) screws in big anode top between two anodes and big anode;
5) DC power supply U
0Negative pole be connected with negative electrode; The positive pole of DC power supply is connected with lead (18) with three anodes, and all respectively adorns a transferred arc switch on the connecting line of each anode and lead.
2. by the said plasma generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that between negative electrode and primary anode apart from scope h
4=1～4mm; Negative electrode and two anode spacings are from scope h
7=150～200mm; Negative electrode leaves scope h with big anode spacing
10=350～400mm; Three anodes centre holes aperture span d=20-40mm.
3. by the said plasma generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that establishing adjustment with insulation spacer (5.2) below the adjustable insulating base.
4. by the said plasma generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that the cooling water channel of three anodes is provided with screw thread.
5. by the said plasma generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that the sealing (8) between said two anodes and main compression ring is provided with: the flange (8.2) of sealing ring (8.1), two anode external fixation, flange are circumferentially adorned a plurality of bolts (8.3) that are screwed into main compression ring lower surface; Debug joint nut (9) at two anode cylindricals, and axial maintenance nut (9.1) is housed.
6. by the said plasma generator of claim 1; It is characterized in that said main compression ring is outer for having the stainless steel cylinder (6.1) of air inlet; Internal layer is the stainless steel cylinder (6.3) that central through hole (6.4) is arranged and circumferentially be furnished with a plurality of oblique air intake ducts, is cavity air flue (6.2) between two.
7. make the striking method of the said plasma generator work of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) on the primary anode electrode wires, carries out high pressure resistant processing, reinforced insulation; 2) four electrode wires are fixed on the electrode connecting piece of four electrodes; 3) regulate main gas and pay air valve, the protection gas bottle, three places all feed gas; 4) be applied to DC power supply between primary anode and negative electrode and boost, unloaded direct voltage is greater than 600 volts; 5) between primary anode and negative electrode, apply high frequency voltage, two interpolars are punctured, produce electric arc greater than 10000 volts; 6) after 1 second, elder generation connects two anode K switch 7, breaks off then between primary anode K switch 4, two anodes and negative electrode producing electric arc; 7) after 1 second, connect big anode K switch 10 earlier, break off two anode K switch 7 then, produce electric arc between big anode and negative electrode, voltage raises maximum 450 volts, and striking is accomplished.
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| CN201210079650.0A CN102625561B (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2012-03-23 | 200KW non-transferred arc plasma generator and arc-striking method |
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| CN105282952A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-01-27 | 成都金创立科技有限责任公司 | 500 KW magnetic stability non-transferred arc plasma generator |
| CN105376922A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-02 | 北京航天益森风洞工程技术有限公司 | Plasma spray torch equipment with automatic gas adjustment function and adjustment method for plasma spray torch equipment |
| CN106712547A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-24 | 成都金创立科技有限责任公司 | High power dedicated power supply using plasma technology to prepare graphite |
| CN107371314A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2017-11-21 | 衢州迪升工业设计有限公司 | A kind of arc-plasma pyrolysis installation |
| CN110145400A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-20 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of double mode plasma igniter |
| CN110418487A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-05 | 成都金创立科技有限责任公司 | Long-life air plasma generator |
| CN112807911A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-18 | 杭州海莱德智能科技有限公司 | Washing type plasma tail gas treatment equipment |
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| CN105282952A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-01-27 | 成都金创立科技有限责任公司 | 500 KW magnetic stability non-transferred arc plasma generator |
| CN105376922A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-02 | 北京航天益森风洞工程技术有限公司 | Plasma spray torch equipment with automatic gas adjustment function and adjustment method for plasma spray torch equipment |
| CN105376922B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2018-02-13 | 北京航天益森风洞工程技术有限公司 | The plasma gun equipment and its adjusting method of realizing automatic regulation of gas |
| CN107371314A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2017-11-21 | 衢州迪升工业设计有限公司 | A kind of arc-plasma pyrolysis installation |
| CN107371314B (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2019-03-12 | 衢州迪升工业设计有限公司 | Ionize the multi-level electrode plasma pyrolysis device of collaboration |
| CN106712547A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-24 | 成都金创立科技有限责任公司 | High power dedicated power supply using plasma technology to prepare graphite |
| CN110145400A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-20 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of double mode plasma igniter |
| CN110418487A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-05 | 成都金创立科技有限责任公司 | Long-life air plasma generator |
| CN112807911A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-18 | 杭州海莱德智能科技有限公司 | Washing type plasma tail gas treatment equipment |
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