CN102624185A - Brushless DC motor - Google Patents
Brushless DC motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102624185A CN102624185A CN201110029919XA CN201110029919A CN102624185A CN 102624185 A CN102624185 A CN 102624185A CN 201110029919X A CN201110029919X A CN 201110029919XA CN 201110029919 A CN201110029919 A CN 201110029919A CN 102624185 A CN102624185 A CN 102624185A
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Abstract
The invention provides a brushless DC motor, comprising a stator and a rotor which surrounds the stator. The stator includes magnetic poles, a motor control device, and a magnetic device, wherein the magnetic device is arranged on an angle bisector of the angle between a pair of adjacent magnetic poles of the stator. The magnetic device has magnetism when electrified. The magnetic device is electrically connected to the motor control device which controls the magnetism of the magnetic device and applies a magnetic force torque on the magnetic poles of the rotor. The rotor continues to rotate because of the force of inertia when the whole motor is power off, however, the influence of the magnetic force torque of the magnetic device enables a magnetic pole central line of the rotor to stop on the angle bisector of the angle between one pair of adjacent magnetic poles of the stator in the end. At the same time, the motor has a larger starting torque when started, which is convenient for the starting of the motor, promotes the motor to work with a larger load, and improves the working efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dc brushless motor.
Background technology
Traditional dc brushless motor, start is a difficult point always, in the prior art; Usually have adopt non-uniform gap or tiltedly technological means such as magnetic pole improve electric motor starting; But effect is not desirable especially, has therefore limited dc brushless motor, the application of especially single-phase and two phase DC brushless motors; Make this type motor generally can only be used in the occasion that directly starts operation or varying load startup operation with little load, like pump motor and fan electromotor.
Characteristic according to magnetic field learns, stator is fed electric current after because heteropole is inhaled mutually, the magnetic pole that stator produced can attract rotor magnetic pole, until a magnetic pole center line coincidence of the some magnetic pole center lines and the stator of rotor.When a magnetic pole center line of some magnetic pole center lines of rotor and stator differed certain angle, the detent torque during electric motor starting can improve, and it is also easier to start, and torque is zero when both center lines overlap.Traditional dc brushless motor; Especially in single-phase and two phase DC brushless motors, because the influence of teeth groove location torque, rotor can receive the nature resistance to be parked in the optional position after outage; When rotor is parked in a certain magnetic pole center line of rotor very near magnetic pole midline position of magnetic pole of the stator; Because detent torque was very little when rotor was in this position, just occur in the electric motor starting process, situation of difficult appears starting.
Summary of the invention
The magnetic pole center line that the present invention is intended to solve in the prior art because of some magnetic pole center lines of dc brushless motor rotor and stator overlaps; Make that the electric motor starting torque is zero; Cause the problem of electric motor starting difficulty, provide a kind of startup to be easy to dc brushless motor, this dc brushless motor stops between the adjacent a pair of magnetic pole of stator at some magnetic pole center lines of powering-off state lower rotor part; Detent torque is big, has solved dc brushless motor and has started difficult problem.
A kind of dc brushless motor; Comprise stator and be positioned at the rotor of stator outside; It is characterized in that said stator comprises magnetic pole, motor control assembly and magnetic devices, said magnetic devices is arranged between the adjacent a pair of magnetic pole of stator; Said magnetic devices energising back produces magnetic, and said magnetic devices is electrically connected with motor control assembly; When said dc brushless motor quits work; Said motor control assembly is controlled to be magnetic devices and carries out alternate energisation or break-make electric control, so that one of them magnetic pole center line of said rotor is on the angular bisector of angle between the wherein a pair of adjacent pole of said stator.
Preferably, said magnetic devices is arranged on the angular bisector of the angle between the adjacent a pair of magnetic pole of said stator and keeps the gap with the inwall of rotor.
Preferably, said magnetic devices is arranged on the intersection point of angular bisector and stator excircle of the angle between the adjacent a pair of magnetic pole of stator.
Preferably, said motor control assembly is controlled to be the step that magnetic devices carries out alternate energisation and is: during the motor outage, detect the corresponding rotor magnetic pole of magnetic devices; When the polarity of this rotor is the magnetic pole center line of S when overlapping with the magnetic devices center line, be controlled to be the logical forward current of magnetic devices, the magnetic pole center line that is N up to magnetic devices center line and next rotor polarity overlaps; When the polarity of this rotor is the magnetic pole center line of N when overlapping with the magnetic devices center line, be controlled to be the logical reverse current of magnetic devices, the magnetic pole center line that is S up to magnetic devices center line and next rotor polarity overlaps; Wherein, when the said magnetic devices of control fed forward current, magnetic devices was N with respect to the pole polarity of rotor one side; When the said magnetic devices of control fed reverse current, magnetic devices was S with respect to the pole polarity of rotor one side.
Preferably, said motor control assembly is controlled to be the step that magnetic devices carries out break-make electricity and is:, during the motor outage, detect the corresponding rotor magnetic pole of magnetic devices; When the polarity of this rotor is the magnetic pole center line of S when overlapping with the magnetic devices center line, be controlled to be the logical forward current of magnetic devices, the magnetic pole center line that is N up to magnetic devices center line and next rotor polarity overlaps;
When the polarity of this rotor is the magnetic pole center line of N when overlapping with the magnetic devices center line, be controlled to be the magnetic devices outage, the magnetic pole center line that is S up to magnetic devices center line and next rotor polarity overlaps; Wherein, when the said magnetic devices of control fed forward current, magnetic devices was N with respect to the pole polarity of rotor one side; When the said magnetic devices of control cut off the power supply, magnetic devices was nonpolarity with respect to the magnetic pole of rotor one side.
Preferably, said motor control assembly is controlled to be the step that magnetic devices carries out break-make electricity and is: during the motor outage, detect the corresponding rotor magnetic pole of magnetic devices; When the polarity of this rotor is the magnetic pole center line of N when overlapping with the magnetic devices center line, be controlled to be the logical reverse current of magnetic devices, the magnetic pole center line that is S up to magnetic devices center line and next rotor polarity overlaps;
When the polarity of this rotor is the magnetic pole center line of S when overlapping with the magnetic devices center line, be controlled to be the magnetic devices outage, the magnetic pole center line that is N up to magnetic devices center line and next rotor polarity overlaps; Wherein, when the said magnetic devices of control fed reverse current, magnetic devices was S with respect to the pole polarity of rotor one side; When the said magnetic devices of control cut off the power supply, magnetic devices was nonpolarity with respect to the magnetic pole of rotor one side.
Preferably, said magnetic devices is a small electrical magnet, and said magnet spool is electrically connected with said motor control assembly.
Preferably, said motor control assembly comprises circuit for controlling motor, and said circuit for controlling motor is controlled to be made as the forward and reverse alternate energisation of said electromagnet or to replace break-make.
Preferably, said magnetic pole is inhomogeneous magnetic pole or oblique magnetic pole.
In the above technical scheme,, produce magnetic force through circuit for controlling motor control magnetic devices through between the adjacent a pair of magnetic pole of dc brushless motor stator, a magnetic devices being set; And to the effect of rotor magnetic pole generation magnetic torque, after whole motor outage, rotor is rotated further owing to inertia; But it can receive the effect of the magnetic torque of magnetic devices; Finally make some magnetic pole center lines of rotor be parked on the angular bisector of wherein a pair of adjacent pole angle of stator, have bigger detent torque during electric motor starting this moment, made things convenient for electric motor starting; Help the more heavy load work of motor band, improved operating efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure cutaway view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Clearer for technical problem, technical scheme and beneficial effect that the present invention is solved, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
In conjunction with shown in Figure 1, be a kind of convenient dc brushless motor that starts, in the present embodiment; This dc brushless motor is the external rotor dc brushless motor of one or two phase, four utmost points, comprises stator 1, rotor 3; Said stator 1 is positioned at motor internal, and the circumference that centers on stator 1 is provided with rotor 3, and stator also comprises motor control assembly and magnetic devices 2; Said motor control assembly except normal control electric motor starting, work, stop, also comprised the control circuit of controlling 2 work of said magnetic devices.In the present embodiment; Said motor control assembly is the circuit for controlling motor that is arranged on the PCB printed circuit board (PCB); Said circuit for controlling motor is provided with relevant electric elements; Control magnetic devices electric current of make-and-break perhaps feeds forward and reverse electric current, and the control magnetic devices produces corresponding polarity or do not have polarity, and certain forward current here can be clockwise direction or counter clockwise direction; Said magnetic devices is arranged on the intersection point of angular bisector and stator external arc of angle between the stator adjacent pole center line; Said magnetic devices can be fixed on the motor stator in several ways, as being fastened on the motor stator through screw, preferably adopts installing rack to be fixed on the motor stator.Described magnetic devices 2 can be that energising is magnetic; Non-magnetic device cuts off the power supply; Like electromagnet, magnetic devices 2 is preferably small electrical magnet in the present embodiment, and the coil of small electrical magnet is electrically connected and is arranged on circuit for controlling motor between the adjacent a pair of magnetic pole of stator; Preferably; Small electrical magnet is arranged on the angular bisector of angle between the center line of the adjacent a pair of magnetic pole of stator and does not contact said rotor all the time, and as preferred version further, small electrical magnet is arranged on the angular bisector and stator excircle intersection point of angle between the center line of the adjacent a pair of magnetic pole of stator.Certainly, above scheme also be applicable to unidirectional or two above mutually external rotor dc brushless motors in.
In the present embodiment, for the operation principle statement of magnetic devices 2 is clear more in detail, enumerate two kinds of embodiment, but be not limited in this two kinds of embodiment.
Among first kind of embodiment, when dc brushless motor quits work, because inertia; Rotor also can be rotated further after the motor outage, and the related sensor that the control circuit of magnetic devices 2 then carries according to motor itself is judged motor position; Judge motor rotor position through processing signals, said motor control assembly is controlled to be magnetic devices and carries out alternate energisation, and the magnetic of magnetic devices is N when leading to forward current; When leading to reverse current, the magnetic of magnetic devices is S.
When rotor polarity is the magnetic pole center line of S when overlapping with the center line of magnetic devices 2, circuit for controlling motor is that magnetic devices 2 feeds forward currents, keeps feeding forward current; Making it is N with respect to the magnetic that a side of rotor produces, because inertia, rotor continues to rotate around stator; This moment is because rotor magnetic pole polarity is S, and magnetic devices 2 polarity are N, according to the magnetic pole principle of opposite sex attraction; Magnetic is the magnetic pole of S on the magnetic devices 2 meeting attraction rotors, and rotor rotation direction and magnetic attraction are in the opposite direction, and the rotor motion acceleration is for negative; Causing rotor to slow down gradually, is that the rotor polarity of S is that the magnetic pole center line of N is when overlapping up to magnetic devices 2 center lines and pole polarity and then; Because rotor is rotated further, when rotor magnetic pole polarity is N and this magnetic pole center line when overlapping with magnetic devices 2 center lines, circuit for controlling motor is reverse currents of magnetic devices 2 feedings; Making it is S with respect to the magnetic that a side of rotor produces; In like manner, owing to be N over against the polarity of the rotor magnetic pole of magnetic devices 2, and this moment, small magnet was S with respect to the polarity of rotor one side; There is a natural attraction between the sexes for magnetic pole like this; Produced the opposition that hinders rotor motion again, rotor continues to slow down and rotates, and keeps feeding reverse current the magnetic pole center line that is S up to magnetic devices 2 center lines and back to back next rotor polarity and overlaps.Like this at the sense of current of different phase through conversion magnetic devices 2; Produce magnetic, keep the attraction of the corresponding polarity poles of 2 pairs of rotor magnetic poles of magnetic devices, owing to receive force direction in the opposite direction with displacement always; So rotor speed over time slowly subtracts; Because the magnetic force of magnetic devices 2 exists always, and always keep in the opposite direction, when the underspeed of rotor triggers the position that magnetic devices 2 senses of current change to turn over rotor motion; Rotor can be under the attraction of magnetic devices 2 backward rotation; And then swing at magnetic devices 2 center lines, final because the resistance that magnetic devices 2 magnetic force produce makes the rotor magnetic pole relative with magnetic devices 2 polarity stop, the center line of this magnetic pole is positioned near magnetic devices 2 center lines; Magnetic devices 2 is positioned on the angular bisector of adjacent two the magnetic pole center line angles of stator; This moment motor stator a magnetic pole center line of a certain magnetic pole center line and rotor between do not overlap the difference angle maximum, this moment, the detent torque of motor was very big, helped startup next time.
Among second kind of embodiment, when dc brushless motor quits work, because inertia; Rotor also can be rotated further after the motor outage, and the related sensor that the control circuit of magnetic devices 2 then carries according to motor itself is judged motor position; Judge motor rotor position through processing signals; Said motor control assembly is controlled to be magnetic devices and carries out the break-make electric control, and the magnetic of magnetic devices 2 is N when feeding electric current, and magnetic devices 2 does not have magnetic during turn-off current.
When rotor magnetic pole polarity is S and this magnetic pole center line when overlapping with magnetic devices 2 center lines, circuit for controlling motor is that magnetic devices 2 feeds forward currents, keeps feeding forward current; Making it is N with respect to the magnetic that a side of rotor produces, because inertia, rotor continues to rotate around stator; This moment is because rotor magnetic pole polarity is S; And magnetic devices 2 polarity are N, and according to the magnetic pole principle of opposite sex attraction, magnetic is the magnetic pole of S on the magnetic devices 2 meeting attraction rotors; Rotor rotation direction and magnetic attraction are in the opposite direction; The rotor motion acceleration causes rotor to slow down gradually for negative, is that the rotor polarity of S is that the magnetic pole center line of N is when overlapping up to magnetic devices 2 center lines and pole polarity and then; Because rotor is rotated further; When rotor magnetic pole polarity is that N and this magnetic pole center line are when overlapping with magnetic devices 2 center lines; Circuit for controlling motor breaks off magnetic devices 2 electric currents, stops magnetic devices 2 energisings, and this moment, magnetic devices did not have magnetic; Can not produce active force, overlap up to the magnetic pole center line that is S in action of inertia magnetic device 2 center lines and back to back next rotor polarity to rotor magnetic pole.
Like this at the electric current of different phase through break-make magnetic devices 2, not only magnetic devices 2 can be to the attraction of the corresponding polarity poles of rotor magnetic pole, and component structure etc. is also simplified greatly in the circuit for controlling motor, and control method is operated easily and realized.
Through changing the sense of current that feeds magnetic devices 2, we introduce the third embodiment, wherein when dc brushless motor quits work; Because inertia; Rotor also can be rotated further after the motor outage, and the related sensor that the control circuit of magnetic devices 2 then carries according to motor itself is judged motor position; Judge motor rotor position through processing signals; Said motor control assembly is controlled to be magnetic devices and carries out the break-make electric control, and the magnetic of magnetic devices 2 is S when feeding electric current, and magnetic devices 2 does not have magnetic during turn-off current.
When rotor magnetic pole polarity is N and this magnetic pole center line when overlapping with magnetic devices 2 center lines, circuit for controlling motor is that magnetic devices 2 feeds reverse currents, keeps feeding reverse current; Making it is S with respect to the magnetic that a side of rotor produces, because inertia, rotor continues to rotate around stator; This moment is because rotor magnetic pole polarity is S; And magnetic devices 2 polarity are N, and according to the magnetic pole principle of opposite sex attraction, magnetic is the magnetic pole of N on the magnetic devices 2 meeting attraction rotors; Rotor rotation direction and magnetic attraction are in the opposite direction; The rotor motion acceleration causes rotor to slow down gradually for negative, is that the rotor polarity of N is that the magnetic pole center line of N is when overlapping up to magnetic devices 2 center lines and pole polarity and then; Because rotor is rotated further; When rotor magnetic pole polarity is that S and this magnetic pole center line are when overlapping with magnetic devices 2 center lines; Circuit for controlling motor breaks off the electric current of magnetic devices 2, stops magnetic devices 2 energisings, and this moment, magnetic devices 2 did not have magnetic; Can not produce active force, overlap up to the magnetic pole center line that is N in action of inertia magnetic device 2 center lines and back to back next rotor polarity to rotor magnetic pole.
The course of work of dc brushless motor of the present invention is such: the characteristic according to motor-field can know that when a certain magnetic pole center line of rotor overlapped with a certain magnetic pole center line of stator, detent torque was zero; The motor of this moment is difficult to start, through on the angular bisector of two adjacent magnetic pole center line angles of stator, a magnetic devices being set, when motor cuts off the power supply; Connect the control circuit of controlling magnetic devices through circuit for controlling motor at once, control said magnetic devices and replace the break-make electricity or feed positive counter current, making magnetic devices produce corresponding polarity does not perhaps have magnetic; According to the magnetic pole principle that there is a natural attraction between the sexes; The control magnetic devices is always opposite with direction of motor rotation to the active force of rotor magnetic pole, makes that the acceleration of rotor is negative always, and final velocity is zero; Because there is the determining positions with magnetic devices in the magnetic force of magnetic devices always; Magnetic devices can attract magnetic pole center line relative with its magnetic on the rotor to be parked near the center line of magnetic devices, even overlaps, and a certain magnetic pole center line of motor stator and the center line of a certain magnetic pole of rotor must differ certain angle like this; This moment, the detent torque of motor was very big; Make things convenient for next electric motor starting, more helped the more heavy load work of motor band, improved operating efficiency.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. dc brushless motor; Comprise stator and be positioned at the rotor of stator outside; It is characterized in that said stator comprises magnetic pole, motor control assembly and magnetic devices, said magnetic devices is arranged between the adjacent a pair of magnetic pole of stator; Said magnetic devices energising back produces magnetic, and said magnetic devices is electrically connected with motor control assembly;
When said dc brushless motor quits work; Said motor control assembly is controlled to be magnetic devices and carries out alternate energisation or break-make electric control, so that one of them magnetic pole center line of said rotor is on the angular bisector of angle between the wherein a pair of adjacent pole of said stator.
2. dc brushless motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said magnetic devices is arranged on the angular bisector of the angle between the adjacent a pair of magnetic pole of said stator and keeps the gap with the inwall of rotor.
3. dc brushless motor according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said magnetic devices is arranged on the intersection point of angular bisector and stator excircle of the angle between the adjacent a pair of magnetic pole of stator.
4. dc brushless motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said motor control assembly is controlled to be the step that magnetic devices carries out alternate energisation and is:
During the motor outage, detect the corresponding rotor magnetic pole of magnetic devices;
When the polarity of this rotor is the magnetic pole center line of S when overlapping with the magnetic devices center line, be controlled to be the logical forward current of magnetic devices, the magnetic pole center line that is N up to magnetic devices center line and next rotor polarity overlaps;
When the polarity of this rotor is the magnetic pole center line of N when overlapping with the magnetic devices center line, be controlled to be the logical reverse current of magnetic devices, the magnetic pole center line that is S up to magnetic devices center line and next rotor polarity overlaps;
Wherein, when the said magnetic devices of control fed forward current, magnetic devices was N with respect to the pole polarity of rotor one side; When the said magnetic devices of control fed reverse current, magnetic devices was S with respect to the pole polarity of rotor one side.
5. dc brushless motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said motor control assembly is controlled to be the step that magnetic devices carries out break-make electricity and is:
During the motor outage, detect the corresponding rotor magnetic pole of magnetic devices;
When the polarity of this rotor is the magnetic pole center line of S when overlapping with the magnetic devices center line, be controlled to be the logical forward current of magnetic devices, the magnetic pole center line that is N up to magnetic devices center line and next rotor polarity overlaps;
When the polarity of this rotor is the magnetic pole center line of N when overlapping with the magnetic devices center line, be controlled to be the magnetic devices outage, the magnetic pole center line that is S up to magnetic devices center line and next rotor polarity overlaps;
Wherein, when the said magnetic devices of control fed forward current, magnetic devices was N with respect to the pole polarity of rotor one side; When the said magnetic devices of control cut off the power supply, magnetic devices was nonpolarity with respect to the magnetic pole of rotor one side.
6. dc brushless motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said motor control assembly is controlled to be the step that magnetic devices carries out break-make electricity and is:
During the motor outage, detect the corresponding rotor magnetic pole of magnetic devices;
When the polarity of this rotor is the magnetic pole center line of N when overlapping with the magnetic devices center line, be controlled to be the logical reverse current of magnetic devices, the magnetic pole center line that is S up to magnetic devices center line and next rotor polarity overlaps;
When the polarity of this rotor is the magnetic pole center line of S when overlapping with the magnetic devices center line, be controlled to be the magnetic devices outage, the magnetic pole center line that is N up to magnetic devices center line and next rotor polarity overlaps;
Wherein, when the said magnetic devices of control fed reverse current, magnetic devices was S with respect to the pole polarity of rotor one side; When the said magnetic devices of control cut off the power supply, magnetic devices was nonpolarity with respect to the magnetic pole of rotor one side.
7. dc brushless motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said magnetic devices is a small electrical magnet, and said magnet spool is electrically connected with said motor control assembly.
8. dc brushless motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that said motor control assembly comprises circuit for controlling motor, and said circuit for controlling motor is controlled to be made as the forward and reverse alternate energisation of said electromagnet or to replace break-make.
9. dc brushless motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said magnetic pole is inhomogeneous magnetic pole or oblique magnetic pole.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201110029919XA CN102624185A (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-01-28 | Brushless DC motor |
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CN201110029919XA CN102624185A (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-01-28 | Brushless DC motor |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103812299A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-21 | 三美电机株式会社 | Actuator and electric beauty appliance |
CN110535318A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-03 | 刘和生 | One kind stirring water installations and non-carbonate stirs water motor with mute |
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JPH04271260A (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1992-09-28 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Brushless motor |
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US5650682A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1997-07-22 | Switched Reluctance Drives, Ltd. | Single-phase variable reluctance motor having permanent magnets embedded within a phase winding |
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CN1407694A (en) * | 2001-09-06 | 2003-04-02 | 建准电机工业股份有限公司 | Easily-starting brushless D.C. motor |
CN201018384Y (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-02-06 | 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司 | Brushless vibrating motor |
CN101286686A (en) * | 2007-04-09 | 2008-10-15 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Brushless motor |
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2011
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Patent Citations (7)
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JPH04271260A (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1992-09-28 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Brushless motor |
CN1083279A (en) * | 1992-08-12 | 1994-03-02 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Brshless DC motor and method for rotative driving thereof |
US5650682A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1997-07-22 | Switched Reluctance Drives, Ltd. | Single-phase variable reluctance motor having permanent magnets embedded within a phase winding |
US20010006292A1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-05 | Yutaka Inaba | Starter generator for internal combustion engine |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103812299A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-21 | 三美电机株式会社 | Actuator and electric beauty appliance |
CN103812299B (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2017-07-18 | 三美电机株式会社 | Actuator and electronic reason hold beauty appliance |
CN107370324A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2017-11-21 | 三美电机株式会社 | Actuator and electronic reason hold beauty appliance |
CN110535318A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-03 | 刘和生 | One kind stirring water installations and non-carbonate stirs water motor with mute |
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Application publication date: 20120801 |