CN102623985A - Novel comprehensive grounding protection and route selection device for medium-voltage power distribution system - Google Patents
Novel comprehensive grounding protection and route selection device for medium-voltage power distribution system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel comprehensive grounding protection and route selection device for a medium-voltage power distribution system, which comprises a measurement and control unit. A signal acquisition port of the measurement and control unit is respectively connected with current transformers CT1 and CT2 and a potential transformer PT and a route selection port of the measurement and control unit is connected with a plurality of feeder lines; a signal output port of the measurement and control unit is respectively connected with bi-phase thyristors KP1 and KP2 and controllable rapid vacuum switches DLA, DLB and DLC; the double-phase thyristors KP1 and KP2 are connected with a three-phase bus of protected equipment by an arc suppression grounding transformer; and the controllable rapid vacuum switches DLA, DLB and DLC are connected with the three-phase bus of the protected equipment. When a single-phase arc light grounding fault occurs, the controllable rapid vacuum switch on the fault phase is rapidly closed, the measurement and control unit simultaneously acquires route selection correlation quantities to carry out route selection and the arc suppression grounding transformer is input to compensate a grounding capacitive current, so that the grounding arc current at the fault point is reduced and the safety of personnel and equipment is ensured.
Description
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Technical field
The present invention relates to the intermediate distribution system field, especially a kind of novel intermediate distribution system integrated ground protection and line selection apparatus.
Background technology
China's medium voltage distribution network adopts the not directly grounded operational mode of neutral point mostly; Develop various automatic tuning compensating arc-extinguishing coils, extinguishing arc harmonic elimination cabinet and neutral resistance device in succession; Power frequency capacitance current when arc suppression coil can only compensate for failed; The high frequency capacitance electric current is not had compensating action, and it is superpotential effectively to eliminate intermittent arc grounding; Extinguishing arc harmonic elimination cabinet not only busbar grounding with break off moment and cause impact system; The single-phase intermittence arc grounding that causes possibly take place once more; Particularly after earth fault is eliminated; The transient overvoltage of open failure phase vacuum switch moment generation makes by the single-phase earthing that insulate and descend and cause, develops into the accident of alternate and three-phase shortcircuit; The fault current of neutral point when low resistance grounding has enlarged single-phase earthing aggravated the burn of fault point, sacrificed the reliability to user's power supply, and for electricity consumption enterprise, compelled power failure will cause enormous economic loss.
Medium voltage distribution network is when system's generation single-phase earthing; Need be when solving arc grounding; Also need select fault feeder fast and accurately and faulty line is isolated, because arc suppression coil uncompensation 5 subharmonic currents, thereby 5 subharmonic route selections are reasonable selections in theory; But the amount of 5 subharmonic is very little in the real system, and the precision of measurement and linear accuracy all are difficult to guarantee; Utilize the injection signal to carry out route selection, because the fault earthing electric current is bigger to the interference of injecting signal, the variation of ground arc and the influence of certainty of measurement are falsely dropped and wrong the choosing happens occasionally; The most neutral point resonance grounding operational modes that adopt of medium voltage electricity net; Can single-phase grounding selecting have become the key that be widely used of resonance grounding; Single-phase earthing when taking place in present way; Adopt arc suppression coil parallel resistance route selection in short-term, can avoid above-mentioned route selection to be forbidden the negative effect that brings like this, bring the problem that earth current is excessive and cooperate with zero-sequenceprotection simultaneously in the high-pressure side.Earth current is crossed conference and is brought following problem: when cable one place ground connection; Electric arc might burn other adjacent cables in the same cable trough, and the expansion accident causes to burn and operates; Because square being directly proportional of resistance heat capacity and electric current; The excessive manufacturing difficulty of giving resistance of electric current, not only the cost of resistance is high, and the floor space of resistance box is also bigger.
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Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing extinguishing arc route selection technology, provide a kind of simple in structure, cost is low, the novel intermediate distribution system integrated ground protection and the line selection apparatus of easy care.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The present invention has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of novel intermediate distribution system integrated ground protection and line selection apparatus; Comprise measurement and control unit; Its signals collecting port links to each other with the secondary voltage output that is used to gather by the secondary current output of the current transformer CT1 of the equipment of protection busbar grounding capacitance current, CT2, be used to gather by the voltage transformer pt of protection equipment busbar voltage respectively; Its route selection port is connected with a plurality of feeder lines; Its signal output port links to each other with two-phase thyristor KP1, KP2, controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC respectively, and two-phase thyristor KP1, KP2 connect by the three-phase bus of protection equipment through the extinguishing arc grounding transformer, and controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC connect by the three-phase bus of protection equipment.
Can know that by technique scheme the present invention gathers by busbar voltage, the current signal of protection equipment through measurement and control unit in real time, judges whether to take place earth fault; When single-phase arc grounding fault takes place in distribution system, no matter the fault point wherein, under the diagnosis of measurement and control unit; The controlled fast vacuum switch of quick-make fault phase with the busbar grounding of fault phase, is promptly transferred to current in the fault point in the device; The route selection of measurement and control unit collection simultaneously correlative is carried out route selection, and drops into extinguishing arc grounding transformer compensation of ground capacitance current, reduces the ground arc electric current of fault point; Fault point electric arc is extinguished fast; Reduce the step voltage of fault point simultaneously, prevented the accident development, ensured the safety of the person and equipment.The present invention is simple in structure, cost is low, easy care.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an electrical schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a workflow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of novel intermediate distribution system integrated ground protection and line selection apparatus; Comprise measurement and control unit 1; Its signals collecting port links to each other with the secondary voltage output that is used to gather by the secondary current output of the current transformer CT1 of the equipment of protection busbar grounding capacitance current, CT2, be used to gather by the voltage transformer pt of protection equipment busbar voltage respectively; Its route selection port is connected with a plurality of feeder lines; Its signal output port links to each other with two-phase thyristor KP1, KP2, controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC respectively, and two-phase thyristor KP1, KP2 connect by the three-phase bus of protection equipment through extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2, and controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC connect by the three-phase bus of protection equipment; As shown in Figure 1; Described measurement and control unit 1 adopts 32 high-performance digital signal processor DSP, and troubleshooting speed is exceedingly fast, as the center of signals collecting, measurement, demonstration, computing, communication and the execution of whole device; Also be provided with the microcomputer communication interface on the measurement and control unit 1, for transfer of data has been created condition.
As shown in Figure 1; Described extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2 comprises three-phase main coil L1, L2, L3 and secondary coil thereof; The end of three-phase main coil L1, L2, L3 connects by three-phase bus A, B, the C of protection equipment through high voltage isolator GL1; The other end of three-phase main coil L1, L2, L3 passes current transformer CT2 ground connection; The secondary coil of three-phase main coil L1, L2, L3 adopts open-delta connection to connect; Two-phase thyristor KP2 with after reactor L connects again with parallelly connected through the two-phase thyristor KP1, the damping resistance R that connects, the two ends of the secondary coil of parallel end connection three-phase main coil L1, L2, L3, the control end of two-phase thyristor KP1, KP2 all links to each other with the signal output port of measurement and control unit 1.
Our variant projects of location: R transfers to secondary side with damping resistance, and following advantage is arranged: the first, because secondary side is installed in damping resistance R equivalence; Voltage is lower, and system safety is reliable, uses thuristor throw-in and throw-off; Damping time is less than 20 μ s, and than fast many of vacuum switch, thuristor throw-in and throw-off does not have noise; Current over-zero turn-offs, and equipment is not impacted, and reliability is high; The second, when system normally moves, the thyristor conducting, damping resistance R inserts secondary side, reduces the coil equiva lent impedance, the restriction resonance overvoltage; The 3rd, during system generation single-phase earthing, thyristor ends, and damping resistance R excises from secondary side, the capacitance current of Coil Compensation system; The 4th, if need route selection, then, fault excises damping resistance R again when taking place through after the certain time-delay, delay time utilized parallelly connected damping resistance R route selection principle to select faulty line less than 1 second.
As shown in Figure 1; The end of described controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC links to each other with the end of high voltage isolator GL1; The other end of high voltage isolator GL1 connects respectively by three-phase bus A, B, the C of protection equipment; Pass current transformer CT1 ground connection after the other end parallel connection of controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC, the control end of controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC links to each other with the signal output port of measurement and control unit 1.This device also comprises high voltage isolator GL2; The end of high voltage isolator GL2 connects respectively by three-phase bus A, B, the C of protection equipment; The other end of high voltage isolator GL2 links to each other with the end of fuse F 1, F2, F3 respectively; The other end of fuse F 1, F2, F3 links to each other with the on high-tension side end of voltage transformer pt, and the on high-tension side other end of voltage transformer pt is through harmonic elimination resistance PTK ground connection.The fast vacuum switch closing time of controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC is 20mS; Vacuum switch can be realized phase-splitting control, and the three-phase of vacuum switch is designed to locking in control loop, promptly works as one and is in "on" position mutually; All the other are two by locking, to avoid causing phase fault; Fault current when vacuum switch can shift single-phase arc grounding fast and effectively in the calcination of fault, remedies the defective that extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2 can't compensate high frequency and current in resistance property when avoiding electric arc long.Harmonic elimination resistance PTK makes voltage transformer pt away from the saturation region, has avoided the generation of ferro resonance, has the function that suppresses low-frequency oscillation simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 1, this device also comprises can hold three phase combined over-voltage protector 3 greatly, can hold an end ground connection of three phase combined over-voltage protector 3 greatly, and the other end connects by three-phase bus A, B, the C of protection equipment through high voltage isolator GL2.The described big three phase combined over-voltage protector 3 that can hold comprises four zinc oxide valve plate FR; Wherein, The end of first, second and third zinc oxide valve plate FR1, FR2, FR3 meets first, second and third disconnector TQ1, TQ2, TQ3 through first, second and third discharging gap JX1, JX2, JX3, JX4 respectively; Connect with the 4th zinc oxide valve plate FR4 after the other end parallel connection of first, second and third zinc oxide valve plate FR1, FR2, FR3; Ground connection after the 4th zinc oxide valve plate FR4 connects with the 4th discharging gap JX4, first, second and third disconnector TQ1, TQ2, TQ3 connect by three-phase bus A, B, the C of protection equipment through high voltage isolator GL2.Zinc oxide valve plate is automatic short-circuit after deterioration, will cause the phase fault accident to take place, and disconnector TQ makes overvoltage protection safer; Select zinc oxide resistance sheet 2mS square wave current 800A for use, discharge capacity is big, can effectively must suppress atmospheric over-voltage, switching overvoltage, resonance overvoltage and intermittent arc grounding overvoltage.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 the present invention is further described.
When work, by measurement and control unit 1 real-time the collection, and judge which kind of earth fault of generation, when single-phase arc grounding takes place in system by three-phase bus voltage, the current signal of protection equipment; Through controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC, fast fault phase bus is done metal ground connection, because fault directly is connected with ground network mutually; Voltage to earth is zero, and hf electric arc and resistive electric arc are extinguished immediately, and power frequency arc also is transferred; Overvoltage is limited in lsafety level, and fault no longer continues development, can shift the earth point fault current fast; Systems stabilisation voltage is avoided the calcination of electric arc to the fault point, and this has just done the first step.
Second step can be realized the continuous electrodeless adjusting to inductance current through extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2; Fast and effectively the fault capacitance current that is transferred is compensated; Really accomplish to treat both principal and secondary aspect of disease, realize arc extinguishing truly, and start route selection simultaneously; Select fault feeder fast and accurately through damping resistance R, in time the isolated fault feeder line guarantees the system safety reliability service.The present invention can effectively limit single-phase arc grounding overvoltage, resonance overvoltage and switching overvoltage, and quick arc extinguishing, fast line selection is guaranteed the safe and reliable operation of power network; Structure is more compact, simple, and easy care is easy to control, low cost of manufacture, the integrated ground protection and the route selection of particularly suitable and medium voltage electricity net.
When electrical network generation single phase ground fault, bear two groups of voltages among the main coil L1 of extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2, L2, the L3, one group is three symmetrical positive sequence voltages, the voltage that bears on the extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2 when this group voltage and electrical network normally move is identical.Under the effect of this group voltage, extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2 only is the function of a grounding transformer, only for compensation provides a neutral point, does not have compensate function and do not produce inductive current.The residual voltage that another group is the three-phase equal and opposite in direction, direction is identical, under the effect of this group voltage, the electric current same-phase in three windings is connected in parallel, and inevitablely in three windings, produces synchronous electric current 3I
L0Because in being wound with three iron cores of coil, form synchronous zero sequence magnetic flux φ
M0, this zero sequence magnetic flux can only form the loop through the gap, in 3 windings, induces inductive current I like this
L0, promptly becoming the three-phase arc-suppression reactor, the capacitance current of this inductive current and system is opposite on phase place, plays compensating action.
When the electrical network operate as normal, the voltage that is added in extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2 is merely positive sequence, equal and opposite in direction; Phase place mutual deviation 120 degree, vector and be zero, extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2 star interfaces do not have electric inflow place; The positive sequence magnetic flux circulates between middle three posts, passage each other, the side column of not flowing through; Because middle three posts do not have air gap, magnetic resistance is very little, and positive sequence impedance is very big, and forward-order current is very little, and its value is equivalent to the no-load current of transformer.
When electrical network generation earth fault; This opening reaction residual voltage; Utilize two-phase thyristor KP1 to connect reactor L, measurement and control unit 1 is through the angle of flow of adjustment two-phase thyristor KP1, the size of regulating extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2 scondary inductance electric currents; Can change the inductive current size of main coil, realize the automatic adjusting of arc suppression coil inductive current.Measurement and control unit 1 is regulated inductive current automatically through the real-time tracking to electric network capacitance and current, realizes automatic tracking and compensating.When electrical network normally moved, the opening voltage of low pressure winding was connected damping resistance R through the secondary coil of extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2, and damping resistance R is linked into secondary side; Reduce the coil equiva lent impedance, the restriction resonance overvoltage is during system generation single-phase earthing; Two-phase thyristor KP2 ends; Damping resistance R excises from secondary side, and the capacitance current of Coil Compensation system is if need route selection; Then when fault takes place, excise damping resistance R again, utilize parallel resistance route selection principle to select faulty line through after the certain time-delay.Measurement and control unit 1 is connected damping resistance R automatically when earth fault is eliminated, and drops into this damping resistance R, prevents resonance, turn-offs two-phase thyristor KP1, withdraws from reactor L, reset simultaneously controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC, and system restoration normally moves.
As shown in Figure 2, measurement and control unit 1 real-time online is patrolled and examined bus three-phase voltage, open delta voltage and earth current transformer current signal, if stable metallic earthing takes place in system; Controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC are failure to actuate; Measurement and control unit 1 drops into extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2 fast, and the capacitance current of compensation of ground point makes the electric arc of fault point extinguish immediately; Start route selection simultaneously, send the ground connection alarm signal;
If unsettled arc grounding takes place to detect system, drop into fault phase vacuum switch fast, with the busbar grounding of fault phase; Rapid must current in the fault point being transferred in the device, the route selection of measurement and control unit collection simultaneously correlative is carried out route selection, and drops into extinguishing arc grounding transformer 2 compensation of ground capacitance currents; Reduce the ground arc electric current of the fault point of fault point, fault point electric arc is extinguished fast, suppress overvoltage; Prevent the accident extension; Improve the fail safe and the reliability of electric power system, realize extinguishing arc route selection truly, sample is seen double controlling;
Measurement and control unit 1 automatic conducting KP2 when earth fault is eliminated connects damping resistance R1, drops into this damping resistance, prevents resonance, and turn-off KP1 and withdraw from small-sized reactor L, the vacuum switch that resets simultaneously, system restoration normally moves.
Claims (7)
1. a novel intermediate distribution system integrated ground is protected and line selection apparatus; It is characterized in that: comprise measurement and control unit (1); Its signals collecting port links to each other with the secondary voltage output that is used to gather by the secondary current output of the current transformer CT1 of the equipment of protection busbar grounding capacitance current, CT2, be used to gather by the voltage transformer pt of protection equipment busbar voltage respectively; Its route selection port is connected with a plurality of feeder lines; Its signal output port links to each other with two-phase thyristor KP1, KP2, controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC respectively; Two-phase thyristor KP1, KP2 connect by the three-phase bus of protection equipment through extinguishing arc grounding transformer (2), and controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC connect by the three-phase bus of protection equipment.
2. novel intermediate distribution system integrated ground protection according to claim 1 and line selection apparatus; It is characterized in that: described extinguishing arc grounding transformer (2) comprises three-phase main coil L1, L2, L3 and secondary coil thereof; The end of three-phase main coil L1, L2, L3 connects by three-phase bus A, B, the C of protection equipment through high voltage isolator GL1; The other end of three-phase main coil L1, L2, L3 passes current transformer CT2 ground connection; The secondary coil of three-phase main coil L1, L2, L3 adopts open-delta connection to connect; Two-phase thyristor KP2 with after reactor L connects again with parallelly connected through the two-phase thyristor KP1, the damping resistance R that connects, the two ends of the secondary coil of parallel end connection three-phase main coil L1, L2, L3, the control end of two-phase thyristor KP1, KP2 all links to each other with the signal output port of measurement and control unit (1).
3. novel intermediate distribution system integrated ground protection according to claim 1 and line selection apparatus; It is characterized in that: the end of described controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC links to each other with the end of high voltage isolator GL1; The other end of high voltage isolator GL1 connects respectively by three-phase bus A, B, the C of protection equipment; Pass current transformer CT1 ground connection after the other end parallel connection of controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC, the control end of controlled fast vacuum switch DLA, DLB, DLC links to each other with the signal output port of measurement and control unit (1).
4. novel intermediate distribution system integrated ground protection according to claim 1 and line selection apparatus; It is characterized in that: this device also comprises high voltage isolator GL2; The end of high voltage isolator GL2 connects respectively by three-phase bus A, B, the C of protection equipment; The other end of high voltage isolator GL2 links to each other with the end of fuse F 1, F2, F3 respectively; The other end of fuse F 1, F2, F3 links to each other with the on high-tension side end of voltage transformer pt, and the on high-tension side other end of voltage transformer pt is through harmonic elimination resistance PTK ground connection.
5. novel intermediate distribution system integrated ground protection according to claim 1 and line selection apparatus; It is characterized in that: this device also comprises can hold three phase combined over-voltage protector (3) greatly; The end ground connection that can hold three phase combined over-voltage protector (3) greatly, the other end connects by three-phase bus A, B, the C of protection equipment through high voltage isolator GL2.
6. novel intermediate distribution system integrated ground protection according to claim 1 and line selection apparatus, it is characterized in that: described measurement and control unit (1) adopts 32 high-performance digital signal processor DSP.
7. novel intermediate distribution system integrated ground protection according to claim 5 and line selection apparatus; It is characterized in that: the described big three phase combined over-voltage protector (3) that can hold comprises four zinc oxide valve plate FR; Wherein, The end of first, second and third zinc oxide valve plate FR1, FR2, FR3 meets first, second and third disconnector TQ1, TQ2, TQ3 through first, second and third discharging gap JX1, JX2, JX3, JX4 respectively; Connect with the 4th zinc oxide valve plate FR4 after the other end parallel connection of first, second and third zinc oxide valve plate FR1, FR2, FR3; Ground connection after the 4th zinc oxide valve plate FR4 connects with the 4th discharging gap JX4, first, second and third disconnector TQ1, TQ2, TQ3 connect by three-phase bus A, B, the C of protection equipment through high voltage isolator GL2.
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| CN2012100139871A CN102623985A (en) | 2012-01-17 | 2012-01-17 | Novel comprehensive grounding protection and route selection device for medium-voltage power distribution system |
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| CN103855704A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-06-11 | 安徽巨森电器有限公司 | Primary and secondary combined resonance elimination device |
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| CN103837798A (en) * | 2014-03-15 | 2014-06-04 | 李景禄 | Quick diagnostic method and processing device of power distribution network single-phase earth fault characters |
| CN103855704A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-06-11 | 安徽巨森电器有限公司 | Primary and secondary combined resonance elimination device |
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Application publication date: 20120801 |