CN102621702A - Method and system for naked eye three dimensional (3D) image generation during unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixels - Google Patents
Method and system for naked eye three dimensional (3D) image generation during unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixels Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for naked eye three-dimensional (3D) image generation during unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixels. Corresponding pixels are extracted according to the method that physical address of a pixel extracted from a kth a two-dimensional (2D) subpicture is that (i-1) *3N + (i+8-k) %n + n *j+1 (I =1,2...an integer of M, j=0, 1, 2...an integer of N/2-1, n is the number of eye fixations score, % refers to complementation) from a plurality of pictures with resolution ratio of M * N and parallax error so as to be synthetized to be a three-dimensional picture. The method includes the following steps: selectively extracting physical address and gray value of a required pixel from each 2D subpicture according to a corresponding formula, enabling sub-pixels of a pixel of an identical 2D subpicture to become oblique arrangement at a certain angle, and synthetizing a 3D subpicture on the condition that the two variables are kept unchanged. With the aid of the rule that inclination angles of concave-cylinder grating in a display system and the extracted pixel are equal, light split display is performed, and a naked eye image display area with a plurality of points of sight can be generated in space. The method resolves the problem of image display chaos when sub-pixel arrangement sequence of the liquid crystal display pixels is BGR arrangement and is easy and practicable in operation.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of generation method and system of multi-viewpoint stereo image, and said display system can be used for stereotelevision, 3 D plane advertisement etc.Belong to TV tech and image display process field thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of stereo display technique, 3-D display is universalness more and more in daily life.Present stereo display technique mainly contains spectacle, bore hole formula, body demonstration etc.; Wherein eyeglass stereoscopic display technique industrialization; But owing to there are many drawbacks; The 3D glasses can bring apparent in view discomfort to the face organ when watching the 3D program, and are particularly serious especially for the A nearsighted person, so bore hole formula stereo display technique has obtained great concern immediately.Because bore hole formula stereo display technique has been broken away from the constraint of glasses, watch comfort level high, easy acceptance by users, famous scientific research institution is all carrying out relevant technical research and product development with enterprise both at home and abroad.
The ultimate principle of the bore hole stereo display technique of main flow is on liquid crystal display, to demonstrate the stereo-picture with parallax; Utilize slit grating or lens pillar to cut apart device then as parallax; Beholder's right and left eyes can receive the stereo-picture with parallax; And synthetic at human brain, produce stereo perception.In this display technique, after the grating design is accomplished, generate the bore hole 3D rendering that matches through software, on liquid crystal display, show, produce stereoeffect.
The pixel arrangement mode of liquid crystal display is the basis that grating design and signal generate with order.At present known technical scheme is based on conventional rgb pixel more and puts in order and carry out, and the pixel that from identical original 2D subgraph, extracts in the stereographic map that generates arranges with vertical direction., after the front adds grating, produce serious Morie fringe, thereby influence picture quality though but the simple change, resolution of horizontal direction and vertical direction that makes easily of this arrangement mode is unbalance.The arrangement of subpixels mode of considering some liquid crystal display simultaneously is not the RGB order; Possibly be that BGR or GBR arrange; Be in the actual production technology, because the change of other component position must meet factors such as complete machine structure design standards; The liquid crystal display of RGB order often is inverted use, and at this moment pixel order has become BGR.In this case, if still carry out the synthetic of stereographic map according to aforesaid way, then the color of stereotome can be unusual, and perhaps stereo-picture shows entanglement, can't obtain correct stereo perception.
Based on this, this case proposes a kind of bore hole 3D implementation method and system that is used for the liquid crystal display of pixel specific arrangement.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of pixel extraction and synthetic method, be applicable to the many viewpoints bore hole stereo-liquid crystal display device under the unconventional arrangement condition of pixel by 2D picture generation 3D picture.Introduced the basic structure of multi-viewpoint three-dimensional display system under this method simultaneously.
Be the color exception problem that the unconventional arrangement that solves some liquid crystal display pixel causes, the invention provides a kind of method that generates stereotome.
The resolution of supposing every width of cloth 2D subgraph is M * N, and the present invention is that elementary cell is got point operation with the red, green, blue sub-pixel at this, and will number by every width of cloth 2D subgraph that certain visual angle generates in proper order.
At first; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+1) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from being numbered 1 first width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... The integer of M; J=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1; N is the viewpoint number, and % representes complementation) gray-scale value of sub-pixel, be placed in identical first width of cloth 3D subgraph to be generated of physical address; Be (i-1) * 3N+i%n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from being numbered 2 second width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... The integer of M; J=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1; N is the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of subpixels, be placed in identical second width of cloth 3D subgraph to be generated of physical address; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i-1) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from being numbered 3 the 3rd width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... The integer of M; J=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1; N is the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of subpixels, be placed in identical the 3rd width of cloth 3D subgraph to be generated of physical address; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+4) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from being numbered 4 the 4th width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... The integer of M; J=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1; N is the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of subpixels, be placed in identical the 4th width of cloth 3D subgraph to be generated of physical address; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+3) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from being numbered 5 the 5th width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... The integer of M; J=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1; N is the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of subpixels, be placed in identical the 5th width of cloth 3D subgraph to be generated of physical address; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+2) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from being numbered 6 the 6th width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... The integer of M; J=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1; N is the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of subpixels, be placed in identical the 6th width of cloth 3D subgraph to be generated of physical address; By that analogy, the physical address of k width of cloth 2D pixel that subgraph extracts should be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+8k) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 ... The integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number, % representes complementation).Notice that simultaneously the gray-scale value of the physical address that from the 2D subgraph, does not read in the 3D subgraph that is generated is zero.
Further, in order, read the non-vanishing pixel of gray-scale value in every width of cloth 3D subgraph, put it in the identical stereotome to be generated of physical address, be about to n width of cloth 3D subgraph and merge, generate the stereotome of a width of cloth n viewpoint.
Further, the liquid crystal display pixel drive unit reads stereotome respective pixel gray-scale value and shows.After the column mirror grating before the screen carries out beam split, just can produce stereo-picture viewing area in the space with n viewpoint.
For this reason, the stereotome display system of the unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixel that is applicable to provided by the present invention comprises:
2D image storage module stores several 2D subgraphs that perhaps obtained through a plurality of camera lenses of 3D software simulation by many lens shootings; Show that for raster pattern (post lenticulation or slit grating) stereo display of many viewpoints bore hole at first need be prepared the different 2D subgraph of several contents.These 2D subgraphs are Same Scene that the anthropomorphic dummy watches at diverse location, adopt many lens shootings perhaps to generate through a plurality of camera lenses of 3D software simulation and obtain.Scene is identical but variant slightly on the display view angle between several 2D subgraphs.Through rationally setting up distance, the camera lens height of camera lens to photographed scene; And the angle between the camera lens, obtaining several 2D subgraphs, parallax meets the human eye physiological characteristic between adjacent two width of cloth 2D subgraphs; Parallax is excessive or too small, can not produce comfortable stereo perception to the beholder.It is as shown in Figure 2 that camera lens sets up structure.
2D subgraph pixel extraction module extracts information needed and generates corresponding 3D subgraph from each width of cloth 2D subgraph.All pixel values that are not every width of cloth 2D subgraph all have contribution to it.Therefore, need extract the gray-scale value of required pixel according to corresponding algorithm, give up the value of information useless this algorithm to every width of cloth 2D subgraph.In addition, also necessarily require all 2D subgraphs to have identical resolution with the final 3D rendering that generates.The resolution of supposing the 2D subgraph is M*N, and the resolution of so synthetic 3D figure is M*N also, is n if watch the viewpoint number, in then every width of cloth 2D subgraph the pixel count that will extract be M*N/n.
If produce n viewpoint stereo-picture, then the content of view picture stereo-picture comes from n width of cloth 2D subgraph, and the pixel order in every width of cloth 2D subgraph is arranged according to row.The extraction rule is that the physical address of k width of cloth 2D pixel that subgraph extracts should be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+8-k) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 ... The integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number, % representes complementation).Notice that simultaneously the gray-scale value of the physical address that from the 2D subgraph, does not read in the 3D subgraph that is generated is zero.And the position of pixel in the three-dimensional subgraph of each width of cloth that maintenance is extracted is corresponding with its position in original 2D subgraph.
3D subgraph synthesis module after obtaining the three-dimensional subgraph of each width of cloth, is filled into the useful information in the three-dimensional subgraph of each width of cloth among one width of cloth figure of same resolution sizes according to corresponding physical address, just obtains the stereographic map that synthesizes.Synthetic stereographic map information is as shown in Figure 8.Note, when compound stereoscopic figure, the content of these three-dimensional subgraphs is inserted in the stereographic map to be generated according to the order of the physical address in the former 2D subgraph successively, so just formed the stereotome that a width of cloth includes n width of cloth 2D subgraph information.
Display screen is classified stereotome as the demonstration on the liquid crystal display of BGR in line of pixels.We know, show that liquid crystal display pixel commonly used for vertical bar shape is arranged, comprises RGB three subpixels in each pixel, and RGB three subpixels from left to right are arranged in order, and three subpixels constitute a foursquare pixel.If each sub-pixel size is p*3p, then the size of a complete pixel is 3p*3p, and the liquid crystal pixel structure is as shown in Figure 2.For unconventional liquid crystal display that BGR arranges, its pixel is arranged as shown in Figure 9.Owing to be an element address and demonstration still according to three pixels of horizontal direction RGB; And each sub-pixel is to give assignment according to the position of correspondence; Be that R value in the image can be composed the position to R address on the liquid crystal display; So, when compound stereoscopic figure shown in Figure 8 shows, can obtain image as shown in Figure 9 on the liquid crystal display that BGR arranges.
In image shown in Figure 9; Through after the above-mentioned processing; Useful pixel among initial 6 width of cloth 2D figure shows according to from left to right order on liquid crystal display successively, and the camera lens order of setting up with initial shooting or through Software tool is in full accord, is being aided with the leaded light effect of column mirror grating or slit grating; Beholder's right and left eyes can obtain to meet the image with certain parallax of human eye physiological requirement, and then produces stereo perception.
Description of drawings
The unconventional liquid crystal display figure that Fig. 1 arranges with the BGR mode for sub-pixel
Fig. 2 is that three RGB sub-pixels constitute a pixel map
Fig. 3 sets up structural drawing for taking several camera lenses with specific parallax 2D subgraph
Fig. 4 is a system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the overall flow figure of system of the present invention
Fig. 6 is each pixel leaching process process flow diagram of k width of cloth 2D subgraph among the present invention
Fig. 7 is the extraction figure of 6 viewpoint 2D subgraph pixels among the embodiment
Fig. 8 is 6 viewpoint stereo-picture composite diagrams among the embodiment
Fig. 9 reads and displayed map for 6 viewpoint liquid crystal display stereoscopic image among the embodiment
The drawing explanation
401 2D subgraph storage modules; 402 2D subgraph pixel extraction modules; 403 3D subgraph generation modules; 404 3D subgraph synthesis modules; 405 stereo-picture storage modules; 406 liquid crystal displays; 407 column mirror gratings;
Fig. 7 (1) first width of cloth 2D subgraph; Fig. 7 (2) first width of cloth 3D subgraphs; The pixel that numeral " 1 " expression is extracted from first width of cloth figure among the figure; Fig. 7 (3) second width of cloth 2D subgraphs; Fig. 7 (4) second width of cloth 3D subgraphs; The pixel that numeral " 2 " expression is extracted from second width of cloth figure among the figure; Fig. 7 (5) the 3rd width of cloth 2D subgraph; Fig. 7 (6) the 3rd width of cloth 3D subgraph; The pixel that numeral " 3 " expression is extracted from the 3rd width of cloth figure among the figure; Fig. 7 (7) the 4th width of cloth 2D subgraph; Fig. 7 (8) the 4th width of cloth 3D subgraph; The pixel that numeral " 4 " expression is extracted from the 4th width of cloth figure among the figure; Fig. 7 (9) the 5th width of cloth 2D subgraph; Fig. 7 (10) the 5th width of cloth 3D subgraph; The pixel that numeral " 5 " expression is extracted from the 5th width of cloth figure among the figure; Fig. 7 (11) the 6th width of cloth 2D subgraph; Fig. 7 (12) the 6th width of cloth 3D subgraph; The pixel that numeral " 6 " expression is extracted from the 6th width of cloth figure among the figure; " R " representes red sub-pixel; " G " representes green sub-pixels; " B " representes blue subpixels
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described, but is not restriction the present invention.
To be stored in the 2D image storage module by many lens shootings or several 2D subgraphs that obtain through a plurality of camera lenses of 3D software simulation.2D subgraph pixel extraction module is (i-1) * 3N+ (i+8-k) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 according to the physical address from k width of cloth 2D pixel that subgraph extracts ... The integer of M; J=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1; N is the viewpoint number; % representes complementation) rule (wherein k value be 1 to n), from each width of cloth 2D subgraph, extract required pixel and generate corresponding 3D subgraph, the gray-scale value of physical address correspondence in the 3D subgraph of not getting is zero.From first width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address is (i-1) * 3N+ (i+1) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 ... The integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number, % representes complementation) gray-scale value of sub-pixel; From second width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address is (i-1) * 3N+i%n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 ... The integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1, n are the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of subpixels; From the 3rd width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address is (i-1) * 3N+ (i-1) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 ... The integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1, n are the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of subpixels; From the 4th width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address is (i-1) * 3N+ (i+4) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 ... The integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1, n are the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of subpixels; From the 5th width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address is (i-1) * 3N+ (i+3) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 ... The integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1, n are the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of subpixels; From the 6th width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address is (i-1) * 3N+ (i+2) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 ... The integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1, n are the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of subpixels.3D subgraph synthesis module reads the non-vanishing physical address of gray-scale value in each 3D subgraph and the size of gray-scale value thereof successively; Keeping under the constant situation of physical address; Gray-scale value is filled in the stereotome to be generated, and this stereotome is kept in the stereo-picture storage module.The liquid crystal display pixel drive unit reads stereotome respective pixel gray-scale value and shows.After the column mirror grating before the screen carries out beam split, just can produce stereo-picture viewing area in the space with n viewpoint.Wherein grating equals the focal length of grating apart from the distance of display screen, and the diameter of each post mirror equals the width of a subpixels and the product of viewpoint number; The axle of each post mirror is parallel to the orientation of the sub-pixel of the pixel of extracting from same 2D subgraph, promptly according to same pixel in the identical inclination angle placement of three subpixels, can be (arctg3)
0Perhaps (arctg4.5)
0Deng.
To combine accompanying drawing that embodiments of the invention are carried out detailed explanation below, and need to prove, under the situation of not conflicting, embodiment and the characteristic among the embodiment among the application can be synthesized each other.
Embodiment
Present embodiment is synthetic and be shown as example and describe with the bore hole stereo-picture of 6 viewpoints; 2D subgraph pixel extraction method is then as shown in Figure 7; The content of synthetic view picture stereo-picture comes from six width of cloth 2D subgraphs; Wherein, Periodic extraction the 3rd, 9,15,21,27 from first width of cloth 2D subgraph ... The gray-scale value of subpixels generates the three-dimensional subgraph of first width of cloth; Periodic extraction the 2nd, 8,14,20,26 from second width of cloth 2D subgraph ... The gray-scale value of subpixels generates the three-dimensional subgraph of second width of cloth; Periodic extraction the 1st, 7,13,19,25 from the 3rd width of cloth 2D subgraph ... The gray-scale value of subpixels generates the three-dimensional subgraph of second width of cloth; Periodic extraction the 6th, 12,18,24,30 from the 4th width of cloth 2D subgraph ... The gray-scale value of subpixels generates the three-dimensional subgraph of the 4th width of cloth, periodic extraction the 5th, 11,17,23,29 from the 5th width of cloth 2D subgraph ... The gray-scale value of subpixels generates the three-dimensional subgraph of the 5th width of cloth, periodic extraction the 4th, 10,16,22,28 from the 6th width of cloth 2D subgraph ... The gray-scale value of subpixels generates the three-dimensional subgraph of the 6th width of cloth.
3D subgraph synthesis module is stored in the stereo-picture storage module after 6 width of cloth 3D subgraphs shown in Figure 7 are synthesized, and reads stereotome respective pixel gray-scale value by the liquid crystal display pixel drive unit and shows.Parallel placement cylindrical lens grating film carries out beam split in appropriate location, display screen the place ahead, just can produce the stereo-picture viewing area with 6 viewpoints in the space.Wherein grating equals the focal length of grating apart from the distance of display screen, and the diameter of each post mirror equals the width of 6 subpixels in the present embodiment, and the angle of inclination of column mirror grating and vertical direction is (arctg3)
0
The ingenious change pixel extraction of the present invention rule can generate many visual fields stereotome of various embodiments such as 2,4,6,8,9.Those of ordinary skill in the art can be according to the present invention this rule of appropriate change, extract the protection domain that the corresponding change done on the basis of pixel and distortion all should belong to the appended claim of the present invention at gradient method in every case.
Claims (9)
1. bore hole 3D rendering generation method and display system during the unconventional arrangement of a liquid crystal display pixel, it is characterized in that: display system is made up of 2D subgraph storage module (401), 2D subgraph pixel extraction module (402), 3D subgraph generation module (403), 3D subgraph synthesis module (404), stereo-picture storage module (405), liquid crystal display (406), column mirror grating (407); 2D subgraph pixel extraction module (402) reads the 2D subgraph from 2D subgraph storage module (401) after; Utilize the pixel extraction of stipulating therefrom to extract the physical address and the gray-scale value of required pixel; Generate corresponding 3D subgraph and preservation; Read and generate stereotome by 3D subgraph synthesis module (404), be kept in the stereo-picture memory module (405), liquid crystal display (406) stereo picture carries out beam split by column mirror grating (407) after showing.
2. bore hole 3D rendering generation method during the unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixel according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the method that 2D subgraph pixel extraction module (402) is followed is; From resolution by the k width of cloth 2D subgraph of M * N the physical address of extraction pixel should be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+8-k) %n+n * j+1, wherein i=1,2 ... The integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... The integer of N/2-1; N is the viewpoint number, and % representes complementation.
3. according to the bore hole 3D rendering generation method of claim 1 with the unconventional arrangement of 2 described liquid crystal display pixels; It is characterized in that: this formula is the pixel of extracting from same width of cloth 2D subgraph; Be adjacent every row row that stagger up and down, with vertical direction with to the right or be tilted to the left (arctg3)
0Then column mirror grating (407) must be placed with identical inclination angle in the display system.
4. bore hole 3D rendering generation method during the unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixel according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: this formula is the pixel of extracting from same width of cloth 2D subgraph; Can be every each delegation row that stagger up and down, with vertical direction with to the right or be tilted to the left (arctg4.5)
0So the degree that staggers of sub-pixel in the same pixel is depended at column mirror grating in the display system (407) angle of inclination.
5. bore hole 3D rendering generation method during according to claim 3 and the unconventional arrangement of 4 described liquid crystal display pixels, it is characterized in that: three subpixels of same pixel are with corresponding inclination angle oblique arrangement in the stereotome that is generated.
6. bore hole 3D rendering generation method during the unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixel according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the information that from several 2D subgraphs, reads comprises the gray-scale value that institute's capture is plain, physical address that institute's capture is plain and the relation of the position between pixel.
7. the bore hole 3D rendering generation method that a kind of unconventional pixel according to claim 1 is arranged; It is characterized in that: every width of cloth 3D subgraph of generation is all corresponding one by one with the 2D subgraph, and place, same physical address stores the grey scale pixel value that from the 2D subgraph, extracts in corresponding 3D and the 2D subgraph; Different physical address places do not store any content, and gray-scale value is made as zero.
8. bore hole 3D rendering generation method and display system that a kind of unconventional pixel according to claim 1 is arranged; It is characterized in that: grating equals the focal length of grating apart from the distance of display screen, and the diameter of each post mirror equals the width of sub-pixel and the product of viewpoint number in the column mirror grating.
9. the bore hole 3D rendering generation method that a kind of unconventional pixel according to claim 1 is arranged, it is characterized in that: the method is applicable to the LCD Panel that pixel is arranged with B, G, the unconventional mode of R.
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| CN105679113A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-06-15 | 成都汇盈利智能科技有限公司 | Method for applying naked-eye 3D technology to teaching aid |
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