CN102621013B - Dynamic performance test macro - Google Patents
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- CN102621013B CN102621013B CN201210093451.5A CN201210093451A CN102621013B CN 102621013 B CN102621013 B CN 102621013B CN 201210093451 A CN201210093451 A CN 201210093451A CN 102621013 B CN102621013 B CN 102621013B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dynamic performance test macro, for testing the dynamic performance of anchor pole or anchor cable, comprising main frame and TT&C system: main frame comprises: Vertical Rack; Clamping device, is arranged at Vertical Rack top, and for the top of vertical clamping sample, the bottom of sample is with pallet; Drop hammer device, for vertically falling to impact pallet from a setting height of Vertical Rack; Lifting gear, for the device that drops hammer that will be in bottom Vertical Rack to setting height; And protective device, for carrying out physical protection with isolation to reduce hazard to person and noise.Measure and control device, control to drop hammer Selecting parameter that device carries out dropping hammer and lifting, the process that falls, and by force sensor senses drop hammer device vertically fall time real-time impact data to pallet, and analyze the real-time impact data received from sensing apparatus, output test result.Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention there is versatility and test result accurately and reliably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dynamic performance test macro, particularly relate to a kind of dynamic performance test macro of the dynamic performance for indoor test constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod (rope) and other common bolts (rope).
Background technology
In recent years, along with the high speed development of national economy, all trades and professions increase day by day to energy demand, and China's surface mine enters the deep mining stage at present successively, and in mine, water conservancy, the field such as traffic relate to a large amount of side slope, active fault, stability of tunnel problem.
Current China is in the period of every engineering construction high speed development, has also occurred many disasters: as disasters such as rock burst, rock burst, landslides in mining mineral resource and underground engineering construction process.For occurring in high gradient slope and roadway surrounding rock stablizes the disaster of middle appearance and the control of engineering project disaster, mainly rely on traditional prestressed anchor (rope) reinforcement system and derivative retaining structure engineering thereof.But, because most of Rock And Soil ruggedized construction unstability is Large Elastic-Plastic Deformation problem, cannot adapt to the large deformation development law of Rock And Soil (slope rock mass, tunnel surrounding) based on the supporting of traditional prestressed anchor (rope) system and reinforcing theory, cause in roadway support process, occurring the fracture of part anchor pole broken end, anchor cable (bar) middle part, the accident such as supporting region is repeatedly reprocessed, steelframe distortion damage inactivation.
For the problems referred to above, defeating a force with a tenderness, temper toughness with gentleness philosophical thinking inspiration under, professor He Manchao proposes constant-resistance opposing, be out of shape endergonic design philosophy, and have developed a kind of novel anchor rod---constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod (such as publication number is a kind of constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod disclosed in the Chinese invention patent of CN101858225A), define slope reinforcement on this basis, landslide and earthquake monitoring early warning, the control theory of underground engineering support the whole series and technical equipment system, for the large deformation problem solved in geotechnical engineering problems provides a kind of exploration pattern well.
After constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod (rope) research and development, need a kind of dynamic performance test macro, better to carry out system testing and research to the dynamics of constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod (rope), the performance of the opposing of inspection constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod and apparatus with shock absorbing, measures elongation and the radial-deformation of every Secondary Shocks rear bar body self.Sum up constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod mobile_loading test data, by the comparative analysis to test curve, sum up constant-resistance device elongation, Changing Pattern between impact resistance and impact energy, optimize constant-resistance device geometric parameter, structural parameters according to test result, improve constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod further and support shock proof ability.And then by calculating and measurement of correlation, provide better supporting to soft rock large deformation, impact (rock burst) large deformation, outstanding large deformation, landslide large deformation, causative fault large deformation.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of can accurate and effective test anchor pole or the opposing of anchor cable and the dynamic performance test macro of apparatus with shock absorbing performance.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of dynamic performance test macro,. a kind of dynamic performance test macro, for testing the dynamic performance of anchor pole or anchor cable, it is characterized in that, described dynamic performance test macro comprises main frame and TT&C system: described main frame comprises: Vertical Rack; Clamping device, is arranged at described Vertical Rack top, and for the top of vertical clamping sample, described sample comprises the pallet of sample body and described sample body bottom; Drop hammer device, for vertically falling to impact described pallet from a setting height of described Vertical Rack; Lifting gear, for rising to described setting height by the device that drops hammer described in being in bottom described Vertical Rack; And protective device, for carrying out physical protection with isolation to reduce hazard to person and noise.Described measure and control device, the process that the device that drops hammer described in control carries out the Selecting parameter that drops hammer and lifting, falls, and to the real-time impact data of described pallet when vertically being fallen by the device that drops hammer described in force sensor senses, and analyze the described real-time impact data received from described sensing apparatus, output test result.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, described in the device that drops hammer there is the central through hole passed for described sample body.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, the tip platform that described Vertical Rack comprises four support posts, two guide upright posts, the fixed cross beam being arranged at described support post top, the worktable being arranged at support post bottom and described fixed cross beam tops are surrounded by fence, described in drop hammer on device and parallelly with described central through hole in the both sides of described central through hole be provided with the guide sleeve passed for described guide upright post for a pair.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, described force snesor is piezoelectric force transducer.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, the surrounding of described Vertical Rack has fender wall, and the bottom of described Vertical Rack has lands to the device that drops hammer the hydraulic damping impact damper playing buffer action.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, described clamping device adopts wedge shape method of clamping, is processed with the helix conformed to the spiral lamination of described sample in the chuck block of described clamping device.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, the sensing points on described force snesor is distributed in circumferentially same and 90 degree, interval.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, described in drop hammer device comprise can increase and decrease described in drop hammer device deadweight counterweight stone roller.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, when the device that drops hammer described in described control device detects has arrived setting height, has switched described state of a control to standby condition of dropping hammer, and has sent warning signal.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, drop hammer described in described lifting gear is promoted by lifting motor device, and described lifting motor is frequency conversion baking cycloid pinwheel reducing motor.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, the described device that drops hammer comprise upper hammer, lower hammer, many set of weights stone roller, be arranged at described upper hammer upper surface lower lift ring be connected described upper hammer and be connected hammer body with two of described lower hammer, described counterweight is cut or polish jade with an emery wheel to be arranged at described in two and is connected between hammer body; Described lower lift ring has both ends of the surface and two sides, and described two sides are provided with suspension hook groove, for engaging with the suspension hook of described lifting gear; Horizontal location is carried out by backstay and reference column between described many set of weights stone rollers.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, described backstay is rotatable is arranged at described lower hammer upper surface; The top of described backstay is four-prism shape, and described top is through described upper hammer, and the vertical recess face being arranged on the locating piece of described upper hammer upper surface that butts up against rotates to limit described backstay; Described locating piece is resisted against the end face of described lower lift ring, and described locating piece is provided with elongated hole, described elongated hole wears gland nut so that described locating piece is fixed on described upper hammer upper surface; Described backstay between described upper hammer and described lower hammer has two parallel side and two circular arc end faces, the arc depression that described two circular arc end faces are cut or polish jade with an emery wheel with described counterweight matches and to cut or polish jade with an emery wheel with counterweight described in horizontal location, rotates backstay and two circular arc end faces is left described arc depression to increase described counterweight stone roller.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, the suspension hook of described lifting gear is arranged in a lift frame, and described lift frame comprises transverse frame and is connected to the vertical framework of transverse frame rear end; Be provided with hook assembly in described transverse frame, described hook assembly comprises suspension hook; The two ends of described transverse frame have the card wheel case for being fixedly connected with wire rope one end, the pulley blocks that the other end of described wire rope is arranged on described tip platform, and then are connected to the lifting motor be arranged at bottom described Vertical Rack; The inner side of described card wheel case is provided with the through hole passed for described guide upright post; Electromagnet is provided with in described vertical framework, described hook assembly both sides are hinged with pivot arm, described pivot arm is connected with lock core, drive described pivot arm to rotate to make described lock core depart from described hook assembly during the energising of described electromagnet, during described electromagnet power-off, described pivot arm falls to make described lock core return described hook assembly with the device that drops hammer described in locking.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, described hook assembly comprises the two groups of suspension hooks be oppositely arranged, and often organizes described suspension hook and has common axis of rotation to organize described suspension hook opposite direction rotating with another; The upper inside edges of described suspension hook has stage portion, to hold described lock core between stage portion described in two; Be connected with back-moving spring between suspension hook described in two, described back-moving spring is used for after described lock core departs from described hook assembly, drive described two groups of suspension hook reverse rotations with the device that drops hammer described in unclamping; The inner side lower edge of described suspension hook has semicircular guide part, to drive described suspension hook opposite direction rotating to make to drop hammer described in the locking of described suspension hook device under the acting force of described lower lift ring.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, preferably, described clamping device comprises fixture oil cylinder, piston, clamp body, two chuck blocks, the jaw pressing plate be obliquely installed obliquely and push pedal, described push pedal is connected to pistons end, move up and down under described piston driving, described two chuck block upper ends can horizontal slip be connected to bottom push pedal, described two chuck block sides are slidably connected to described jaw pressing plate.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, by dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, can be accurate, draw reliably and comprise all kinds of anchor pole of constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod and the kinetic parameter of anchor cable, check out the opposing of tested anchor pole (rope) and the performance of apparatus with shock absorbing, and measure elongation and the radial-deformation of every Secondary Shocks rear bar body self, draw " shock height-shock-produced deformation amount " trial curve respectively, " shock height-accumulative deflection " trial curve, " accumulative impact energy-accumulative shock-produced deformation amount " trial curve, " impact energy-impact resistance " trial curve.By the comparative analysis to trial curve, sum up constant-resistance device elongation, Changing Pattern between impact resistance and impact energy, constant-resistance device geometric parameter, structural parameters are optimized according to test findings, further raising constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod supports shock proof ability, the structural parameters of constant resistance and large deformation anchor rod and technical parameter are are further optimized and revised, provides better supporting to soft rock large deformation, impact (rock burst) large deformation, outstanding large deformation, landslide large deformation, causative fault large deformation.
And then dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, can carry out the control mode of differing heights or differing heights compound, realize the dynamic performance test of the various ways of anchor pole (rope); And there is the advantage of energy-conserving and environment-protective and higher security.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic front view of the main frame of the dynamic performance test macro of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that schematic diagram is looked on a left side for the main frame of the dynamic performance test macro of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the lift frame of the dynamic performance test macro of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the hook assembly of the dynamic performance test macro of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic perspective view of the clamp assembly of the dynamic performance test macro of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the elevational schematic view of the clamp assembly of the dynamic performance test macro of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the asphalt principle figure of Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is the schematic top plan view of the device that drops hammer of the dynamic performance test macro of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the schematic front view of the device that drops hammer of the dynamic performance test macro of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the cross sectional representation of backstay in device of dropping hammer.
Embodiment
The exemplary embodiments embodying feature & benefits of the present invention will describe in detail in the following description.Be understood that the present invention can have various changes in different embodiments, it neither departs from the scope of the present invention, and explanation wherein and accompanying drawing are the use when explain in itself, and is not used to limit the present invention.
The large deformation tensile test system of the embodiment of the present invention, can be divided into main frame and TT&C system two parts.Main frame can be divided into five major parts, i.e. Vertical Rack 1, the device 2 that drops hammer, clamping device 3, lifting gear and protective device.TT&C system can divide into 5 modules according to function, i.e. sensing module, control module, analysis module, output module and protection module.Below above-mentioned each major part is introduced respectively.
1, Vertical Rack
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, Vertical Rack 1 is the framed structure vertically arranged, and mainly comprises four support posts 11, two guide upright posts 12, worktable 13, fixed cross beams 14.Worktable 13 is positioned at the lowermost end of Vertical Rack 1, and support post 11 and guide upright post 12 are all be arranged on worktable 13, the top of support post 11 and guide upright post 12 is provided with fixed cross beam 14, in the position of fixed cross beam 14, form the tip platform with fence 51 of a framed structure, for arranging pulley blocks 43 and the fixed clamp device 3 of lifting gear.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, two support posts 11 of every side are connected to each other by horizontal arm-tie 15, the upper and lower surface of four support posts 11 adds butterfly lock washer by the hexagon head bolt of high strength and is anchored on fixed cross beam 14 and worktable 13, ensure that Vertical Rack 1 has enough rigidity.Guide upright post 12 is for playing guide effect to the free-falling device 2 that drops hammer, the position of mid point between its preferably symmetrical two support posts 11 being arranged at every side.
Guide upright post 12 needs lubrication, only need regularly add moderate lubrication machine oil on guide upright post 12 during lubrication.
As known from the above, the framed structure of Vertical Rack 1 of the present invention, have rational in infrastructure, rigidity is high, the advantage such as handsome in appearance.
2, drop hammer device
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 7, the device 2 that drops hammer is the pallets 61 for vertically falling from a setting height of Vertical Rack 1 with impact specimen 6.
The device 2 that drops hammer comprises upper hammer 201, connects hammer body 202, pendant 203, counterweight stone roller 23 and the critical piece such as lower lift ring 21, and backstay 25, reference column 281,282, locating piece 24, the parts such as gland nut 242.
Connect hammer body 202 by two, left and right between upper hammer 201 and lower hammer 203 to connect, connected mode is such as connect by bolt 291.Two spaces connected between hammer body 202 are used for arranging counterweight stone roller 23.Horizontal location is carried out by backstay 25 and reference column 281,282 between many set of weights stone rollers 23.
As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, the bottom of backstay 25 is rotatable is arranged at lower hammer 203 upper surface; The top of backstay 25 can be four-prism shape, and backstay 25 top, through upper hammer 201, connects with the orthogonal concave face of locating piece 24, rotates to limit backstay 25; Locating piece 24 is resisted against the end face 210 of lower lift ring 21, locating piece 24 is provided with elongated hole 241, elongated hole 241 wears gland nut 242 so that locating piece 242 is fixed on upper hammer 201 upper surface, and then restriction backstay 25 rotates, thus realize the horizontal location to counterweight stone roller;
As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, backstay 25 between upper hammer 201 and lower hammer 203 has two parallel side 252 and two circular arc end faces 251, match with circular arc end face 251, what counterweight stone roller 23 matched is provided with arc depression, and the radian of the circular arc of circular arc end face 251 can equally also can not wait with the radian of the circular arc of arc depression.The arc depression that circular arc end face 251 and counterweight cut or polish jade with an emery wheel 23 matches and cuts or polish jade with an emery wheel 23 with horizontal location counterweight, rotate backstay 23 and two circular arc end faces 251 are left arc depression, remove the cross spacing of backstay 25 pairs of counterweights stone roller 23, so just can increase and decrease counterweight and cut or polish jade with an emery wheel 23, with the deadweight of the device 2 that drops hammer described in increasing and decreasing.
Need to unclamp with the gland nut 242 of spanner by counterweight thallium 23 top before dismounting counterweight thallium 23, then remove the locating piece 24 of end face on hammer body 20, rotational positioning bar 25, then counterweight thallium 23 can be shifted out.
As shown in Figure 9, the position that counterweight stone roller 23 contacts with reference column 281, also has with reference column 281,282 to the arc depression mated.Two set of weights stone rollers 23 of central authorities can take out, to increase and decrease the deadweight of the device 2 that drops hammer.But two set of weights stone rollers 230 of both sides, when not taking out reference column 281,282, can not increase and decrease.Therefore, also by the way of reference column 281,281 according to backstay 25, selectable form can be made, just can increase the quantity of the counterweight stone roller of the deadweight that can increase the device 2 that drops hammer.
Lower lift ring 21 is arranged on the upper surface of upper hammer 201, and lower lift ring 21 has both ends of the surface 210 and two sides 212, and two sides 212 are provided with suspension hook groove 213, for fastening with the suspension hook 423 of lifting gear; The center of lower lift ring 21 has the central through hole 211 passed for sample 6, central through hole 211 both sides symmetry be provided with the guide sleeve 22 passed for guide upright post 12 for a pair.
The device 2 that drops hammer is topmost service parts in dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, needs to bear huge impulsive force, bending force and vibrations in impact specimen 6 process.The weight of device 2 of dropping hammer is regulated by the quantity changing counterweight thallium 23.
3, lifting gear
Lifting gear is for the device 2 that drops hammer be in bottom Vertical Rack 1 is risen to the setting height of carrying out testing; For the consideration of safety, the device 2 that drops hammer is the bottom being placed in Vertical Rack 1 when not using.
As Figure 1-Figure 4, lifting gear is primarily of compositions such as lift frame 41, hook assembly 42, pulley blocks 43, wire rope and lifting motors 40.
Lifting motor 40 adopts frequency conversion baking cycloid pinwheel reducing motor, and this motor can realize stepless shift function under control of the control system, and the pulling speed of the device that makes to drop hammer is stepless adjustable, increases testing efficiency.This motor type is motor and speed reducer integral type reducing motor, and reductor adopts cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer, has the advantages such as volume is little, work efficiency is high, output torque is large.
The suspension hook 423 of lifting gear is arranged in lift frame 41, and it is moved cross beam that lift frame 41 also can be described as, because its needs move up and down in Vertical Rack 1; As shown in Figure 3, lift frame 41 comprises transverse frame 410 and is connected to the vertical framework 413 of transverse frame 410 rear end;
As shown in Figure 3, transverse frame 410 can be formed by Plate Welding, is provided with hook assembly 42 in transverse frame 410, and hook assembly 42 comprises suspension hook 423; The two ends of transverse frame 410 have card wheel case 412, for being fixed the lower end of wire rope by wire line clamp, and the pulley blocks 43 that the upper end of wire rope is arranged on tip platform, and then be connected to lifting motor 40, to realize the lifting of lift frame 41.The inner side of card wheel case 412 is provided with the through hole 414 passed for guide upright post 12.
Be provided with electromagnet 415 in vertical framework 413, electromagnet 415 to drop hammer device 2 or unclamp the device 2 that drops hammer for controlling hook assembly 42 locking; Hook assembly 42 both sides are hinged with pivot arm 416, the shape of pivot arm 416 is such as Y-shaped, pivot arm 416 is connected with lock core 425, when electromagnet 415 is energized, driven rotary arm 416 rotates to make lock core 415 depart from hook assembly 42, and during electromagnet 415 power-off, pivot arm 416 falls to make lock core 425 to return hook assembly 42 to lock the device 2 that drops hammer.
As shown in Figure 4, hook assembly 42 is critical component, and it comprises lock core 425, suspension hook 423, rotating shaft 421, back-moving spring 428 and guide part 429 etc.Wherein, suspension hook 423 is two groups, and often organize two, two groups of suspension hooks 423 are oppositely arranged, and often organizes suspension hook 423 and has common axis of rotation 421 to organize suspension hook 423 opposite direction rotating with another;
The upper inside edges of suspension hook 423 has stage portion, to hold lock core 425 between stage portion described in two; As shown in Figure 4, the state shown in Fig. 4 is the state that suspension hook 423 is locked, lock core 425 described in two between stage portion time, suspension hook 423 can be limited and rotate, thus prevent suspension hook 423 accidental release to drop hammer device 2; In this condition, the gap of the opposite face between two suspension hooks 423 is less, has movement interference, above-mentioned gap can be strengthened for what prevent two suspension hooks between opposite, or position more than upper end rotating shaft 421 being arranged at above-mentioned opposite face.
Be connected with back-moving spring 428 between suspension hook 423, the both ends of back-moving spring 428 are connected to the joint pin 427 of two suspension hook 423 tops settings.Back-moving spring 428 drives the reverse rotation of two groups of suspension hooks 423 to unclamp the device 2 that drops hammer for depart from hook assembly 42 at lock core 425 after;
And the inner side lower edge of suspension hook 423 has semicircular guide part 429, drop hammer in the process of device 42 at described lift frame 41 close downwards, open between two suspension hooks 423, back-moving spring 428 is in contraction state, lower lift ring 21 is through two suspension hook 423 bottoms, close to guide part 429, until contact with guide part 429, under the acting force of lower lift ring 21, drive suspension hook 423 to overcome the reacting force of back-moving spring 428, opposite direction rotating is to make the suspension hook groove 213 of described suspension hook and lower lift ring 21 side 211, lock core 45 snaps between two stage portion simultaneously, realizes locking.
Lifting motor 40 is positioned at the bottom of Vertical Rack 1, lifting motor 40 separates with Vertical Rack 1 (mainly its worktable 13) to be installed separately, greatly can reduce the vibrations of Vertical Rack 1 like this to the impact of lifting motor 40, and be convenient to I&M.
4, clamping device
Clamping device 3, is arranged at Vertical Rack 1 top, for the top of vertical clamping sample 6;
As shown in Figure 5, sample holder mode of the present invention adopts hydraulic wedge shape method of clamping.Clamping device 3 comprises fixture oil cylinder 33, piston 32, clamp body 31, two chuck block 36, the jaw pressing plate 34 be obliquely installed obliquely and push pedal 35.As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, with the top in Fig. 6 for front, below is rear, has the opening of isosceles trapezoid shape before clamping device, the shape that chuck block 36 is at right angles trapezoidal, in the longitudinal direction, is fixed between jaw pressing plate 34 and backboard 39.
Push pedal 35 is connected to the bottom of piston 32, moves up and down under piston 32 drives.Two chuck block 36 upper ends have the chute of the work that to match with push pedal 35, can being connected with push pedal 35 of horizontal slip.Two chuck block 36 sides can slide along the jaw pressing plate 34 be obliquely installed.
As shown in Figure 6, sample 6 is mounted in the circular hole 360 formed bottom two chuck blocks 6, and the leading section of two chuck blocks 6 has convex edge 361, matches with the groove 340 of jaw pressing plate 34, to realize being slidably connected of two chuck block 36 sides and jaw pressing plate 34.
Under the acting force of piston 33, when push pedal 35 moves upward, two chuck blocks 36 can be driven upwards outwards relatively to open, to clamp sample; After sample is put into, under the acting force of piston 33, push pedal 35 moves downward, and two chuck blocks 36 can be driven downwardly towards interior relatively closed, with by sample holder in circular hole 360.
Chuck block 36 adopts high strength, high hardness material, and is processed with the helix conformed to sample 6 spiral lamination in chuck block 36, the reliability that when ensureing to test, sample 6 clamps.
Clamping device 3 is furnished with independently hydraulic power source, can realize the Non-follow control of clamping device 3, and asphalt principle figure as shown in Figure 6.Assembly on oil circuit comprises fuel tank 331, coarse oil filter 332, ram pump 333, motor 334, surplus valve 335, tensimeter 337, solenoid directional control valve 338, press the pump start button on hand-held control enclosure, oil pump obtains electric, press the clamping button of oil cylinder 33 again, the left position of solenoid valve 338 obtains electric, realize clamping function, clamping sample 6, clamping button is inching button; After single test terminates, by the release button of oil cylinder 33, the right position of solenoid valve 337 obtains electric, realizes release function, unclamps sample 6; When whole off-test, by oil pump stop button, shut down.
5, protective device and protection module
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, because the device 2 that drops hammer fallen can produce larger impulsive force, therefore noise and the potential hazard to the personnel of taking one's test can be produced, therefore especially need properly protect, the protection of dynamic performance test macro of the present invention mainly comprises two aspects, namely the protective device in main frame, it lays particular emphasis on is physical protection, mainly reduce potential hazard by modes such as isolation, it is security control that protection module in TT&C system then lays particular emphasis on, and namely prevents test macro from producing potential hazard from control test process aspect.
First, dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, its Vertical Rack 1 is preferably arranged on four sides has fender wall or three faces to have in the sinking environment of fender wall, reduces the harm of noise, control desk in TT&C system is then preferably disposed on relatively high position, such as, protect coping.For the ease of operating personnel's operation, overline bridge can be built between relative two sides fender wall.
Can give maintenance personal except Vertical Rack 1 operation at top brings the guardrail 51 of safety guarantee except said before, protective device also comprises the left side being arranged at Vertical Rack 1, front, right three directions, be highly the steel plate protection network 53 of two meters, hurt sb.'s feelings in order to prevent flying thing; Be exactly four energy buffer 52 be arranged on worktable 13 in addition, impact damper 52 is for playing buffering and flexibly mounted effect to the device 2 that drops hammer fallen, effectively can reduce noise, impact damper 52 is positioned at immediately below the device 2 that drops hammer, in order to absorb the residue impact energy of device 2 of dropping hammer after sample 6 ruptures.Its working method is Hydrautic damping, and total energy absorption ability can be 10000 joules.
For the protection module in TT&C system of the present invention, the protection of following several respects can be had:
1) door opening electrical outage protection: when certain part of main frame breaks down; or when needing to dismantle counterweight thallium 23; operating personnel need protective door to open just can enter main frame; once when protective door is in open mode; the electric control system of dynamic performance test macro of the present invention will be in stopped status, does not accept any instruction.
2) limes superiors position limitation protection: for avoiding lifting motor 40 negligence of operation to exceed lift stroke and cause " collision " phenomenon, be provided with travel switch at range place, reaching the limit of position can auto stop.
3) sound and light alarm: support post 11 top can be provided with an audible-visual annunciator wherein, to drop hammer state once main frame enters preparation, audible-visual annunciator can flash and send alarm sound.After the device 2 that drops hammer release, alarm cuts out automatically again.
4) in addition, for the hook assembly 42 of lifting gear, be provided with pick-up unit on its lock core 424 side, be used for judging whether suspension hook 423 puts in place.If suspension hook 423 does not put in place, lifting motor 40 would not to lifting drop hammer device 2 direction running.
6, control device
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, its control device comprises the parts such as man-machine interface, Programmable Logic Controller (be called for short PLC), the frequency converter of lifting motor 40, signal input part and signal output part, with normally carrying out of the test process that controls to drop hammer.
The signal of signal input part input can comprise height of the fall selections, two-hit selections, protection network state, full state of dropping hammer, hook status, the on off state that drops hammer, the displacement counting etc. that obtained by scrambler, and the signal of signal output part output can comprise drop hammer preparation modulating signal, the enable signal that drops hammer, light warning, acoustic alarm, anti-two-hit signal, frequency converter run signal, frequency converter stop signal etc.
Man-machine interface can be touch-screen, the selection picture of touch-screen display language, user is according to the picture can selecting simplified Hanzi or English (ENGLISH): once have selected picture, user can not switch when not re-powering, be switched to English (CHINESETOENGLIS) interface from Chinese characlers interface or must cut off the electricity supply to Chinese characlers interface (ENGLISHTOCHINESE) from English changing interface, re-powering and select.Also there is " debugging (Test) " option: be for checking anti-two-hit and the action of three electromagnet that drop hammer whether normally work energy option in man-machine interface, the user Shi Buxu that normally does experiment enters, and can exit once enter in debugging pictures.
Such as, there is the following option after selecting Chinese to enter:
Translational speed (Speed): for user selects to drop hammer the pulling speed of device 2, the given scrambler of user's Negotiation speed inputs and promotes by the speed of user's requirement;
Hoisting depth (Hight): when user correct determine zero-bit, show by the rotary encoder measurement of increment type the height dropped hammer residing for device 2;
The energy (Energy) had: according to the quality of height at that time with the device 2 that drops hammer, the impact energy that the device 2 that drops hammer calculated has;
Preset height (Pre-hight): the hoisting depth needed by touch-screen input, system can run to this height automatically, and user carries out the fine tuning of position by crawl simultaneously;
Weight quality (Weight): on the basis of base hammer quality, adds the quality of the counterweight top that user selects, and can select to increase or reduce counterweight stone roller.
7, sensing apparatus
Sensing apparatus, at least comprises and is arranged at described pallet, to the force cell of the real-time impact data of described pallet when the device that drops hammer described in sensing vertically falls;
The dynamic performance test macro of the present embodiment, force cell can be YFF-2 shock sensors.Sensing apparatus also can comprise KS60 displacement transducer, as surveying the foil gauge of strain transducer, the multi-functional charge amplifier of DLF-4 type, INV3018A data collecting instrument etc. as data acquisition module.The signal that each sensor gathers all sends to INV3018A data collecting instrument, and then sends control module and analysis module to.
YFF force snesor is piezoelectric quartz crystal sensor.It is made up of two groups of quartz crystal slices, electric sheet, power plate, shell and socket, is annular.YFF force snesor has very high resolution, in larger initial load situation, can measure the little change to 0.025N power.
When needing the external force measured to act on sensor load-carrying surface equably, the surface of quartz crystal slice produces the electric charge be directly proportional to external force, is received by conducting strip, linking charge amplifier, being output into the voltage signal of ratio by connecting wire.
YFF series sensor is the longitudinal piezoelectric principle utilizing quartz crystal, " power " is converted to the converting means of " electric charge ".The electric charge that sensor produces is proportional to tested external force, converts electric charge to voltage pari passu by charge amplifier, more directly reads by the size of dynamometry and change thereof with display or registering instrument.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, YFF force snesor is the lower surface being arranged on pallet 61.Its sensing points can be distributed in circumferentially same and 90 degree, interval
8, analysis module
Usually come by computer Operational Data Analysis program (DASPV10 engineering version), for the data come according to test request collection, analyze according to the current analytical approach of this area, and measure elongation and the radial-deformation of every Secondary Shocks rear bar body self, draw " shock height-shock-produced deformation amount " trial curve, " shock height-accumulative deflection " trial curve, " accumulative impact energy-accumulative shock-produced deformation amount " trial curve, " impact energy-impact resistance " trial curve respectively, exported by output module.
9, output module
The output of output module, mainly contains two aspects, and one is the output of test result, and one is the output of test intermediate data.Test result can be exported by display, and is stored in the hard disk of computer by test data, also can be exported by external display screen.And for test intermediate data, also can be exported in real time by computer monitor and externally connected with display screen.
Dynamic performance test macro of the present invention, the key technical indexes can be:
Specimen size: 2.5m × φ 32, the sampler space: 500mm, maximum impact energy: 15000J, hammer body gross mass: 1000kg; Basic hammer body quality: 840kg, counterweight thallium quantity 4, every part 40kg, effectively operating altitude range: 0 ~ 1.5m, the hoisting depth linearity: 0.5% (employing draw wire encoder), stepless adjustable, the height of main frame of pulling speed: 0 ~ 3m/min: about 4.5m, height of main frame space: about 5.5m, main frame floor area: about 3m × 3.5m.
Below the operation steps of dynamic performance test macro of the present invention is introduced again:
Preliminary work comprises the following steps:
(1) sample is installed, checks whether retaining part engages with anchor rod body.
(2) at tray bottom installing force sensor, displacement transducer (if will foil gauge be connected, should on pretreatment foil gauge be attached on anchor pole).
(3) open total power switch, connect circuit, whether check circuit can normally work.
(4) check force snesor, whether displacement transducer and foil gauge can normal readings.
(5) check whether all operating keys can normally work.
Operation steps in test process:
(1) switch on power.
(2) open starting switch, wait for several seconds kind, the selection picture of touch-screen display language, user according to the picture can selecting simplified Hanzi or English (ENGLISH), such as, selects Chinese interface.
(3) Chinese interface is entered.
(4) arrange the pulling speed of the device that drops hammer, it is too fast that firm commencing speed is not arranged, best at about 100mm/s.
(5) hammer body drops on cushion block by Non-follow control gently, and be in the bracing wire of instrument top offset and keep the flexible limit for standard, then position is to zero.
(6) when user correct determine zero-bit, the hoisting depth needed by touch-screen input, system can run to this height automatically, while user carry out the fine tuning of position by crawl.
(7), after hammer body runs to setting height, click drop hammer preparation, at this moment horn blew, then click red button on control desk, device 2 free-falling of dropping hammer.
(8) impact rear click and automatically get hammer.
Technical scheme of the present invention is disclosed as above by preferred embodiment.The change that those skilled in the art do when should recognize the scope and spirit of the present invention disclosed in the claim do not departed from appended by the present invention and retouching, within the protection domain all belonging to claim of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a dynamic performance test macro, for testing the dynamic performance of anchor pole or anchor cable, is characterized in that, described dynamic performance test macro comprises main frame and TT&C system:
Described main frame comprises:
Vertical Rack;
Clamping device, is arranged at described Vertical Rack top, and for the top of vertical clamping sample, described sample comprises the pallet of sample body and described sample body bottom;
Drop hammer device, for vertically falling to impact described pallet from a setting height of described Vertical Rack;
Lifting gear, for rising to described setting height by the device that drops hammer described in being in bottom described Vertical Rack; And
Protective device, for carrying out physical protection with isolation to reduce hazard to person and noise;
Described TT&C system, the process that the device that drops hammer described in control carries out the Selecting parameter that drops hammer and lifting, falls, and the real-time impact to described pallet when vertically being fallen by the device that drops hammer described in force sensor senses, and analyze the real-time impact data received from described force snesor, formed and output test result;
The described device that drops hammer comprise upper hammer, lower hammer, many set of weights stone roller, be arranged at described upper hammer upper surface lower lift ring be connected described upper hammer and be connected hammer body with two of described lower hammer, described counterweight is cut or polish jade with an emery wheel to be arranged at described in two and is connected between hammer body; Described lower lift ring has both ends of the surface and two sides, and described two sides are provided with suspension hook groove, for engaging with the suspension hook of described lifting gear; Horizontal location is carried out by backstay and reference column between described many set of weights stone rollers;
Described TT&C system has protection module, and described protection module prevents test macro from producing potential hazard from control test process aspect;
Described Vertical Rack is arranged on four sides has fender wall or three faces to have in the sinking environment of fender wall, and the control desk in TT&C system is arranged on described protection coping, has built overline bridge between relative two sides fender wall;
The steel plate protection network that described protective device comprises the guardrail that Vertical Rack top arranges, the left side being arranged at Vertical Rack, front, right three direction height are two meters, be arranged at described Vertical Rack worktable on and four energy buffer be positioned at immediately below the device that drops hammer, the working method of described energy buffer is Hydrautic damping, and total energy absorption ability is 10000 joules;
Described protection module, has following protection:
Door opening electrical outage is protected: when certain part of main frame breaks down, or when needing dismounting counterweight to cut or polish jade with an emery wheel, operating personnel need protective door to open just can enter main frame, once when protective door is in open mode, the electric control system of described dynamic performance test macro does not accept any instruction;
Limes superiors position limitation protection: place is provided with travel switch in range, reaches the limit of position auto stop;
Sound and light alarm: be provided with audible-visual annunciator on one of them support post top of Vertical Rack, main frame enter preparation drop hammer state time, audible-visual annunciator flashes and sends alarm sound; After the device that drops hammer release, alarm cuts out automatically;
The hook assembly of lifting gear, is provided with on its lock core side for judging the pick-up unit whether suspension hook puts in place; If suspension hook does not put in place, lifting motor to lifting do not drop hammer device direction running.
2. dynamic performance test macro as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described in the device that drops hammer there is the central through hole passed for described sample body.
3. dynamic performance test macro as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the tip platform that described Vertical Rack comprises four support posts, two guide upright posts, the fixed cross beam being arranged at described support post top, the described worktable being arranged at support post bottom and described fixed cross beam tops are surrounded by guardrail, described in drop hammer on device and parallelly with described central through hole in the both sides of described central through hole be provided with the guide sleeve passed for described guide upright post for a pair.
4. dynamic performance test macro as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterized in that, described force snesor is piezoelectric force transducer.
5. dynamic performance test macro as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described clamping device adopts wedge shape method of clamping, is processed with the helix conformed to the spiral lamination of described sample in the chuck block of described clamping device.
6. dynamic performance test macro as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the sensing points on described force snesor is distributed in circumferentially same and 90 degree, interval.
7. dynamic performance test macro as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, drop hammer described in described lifting gear is promoted by lifting motor device, and described lifting motor is frequency conversion baking cycloid pinwheel reducing motor.
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