CN102618870B - Wear-resistant and abrasion-resistant mould and preparation process for forming protective coating on working surface of mould substrate - Google Patents
Wear-resistant and abrasion-resistant mould and preparation process for forming protective coating on working surface of mould substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN102618870B CN102618870B CN201210121619.9A CN201210121619A CN102618870B CN 102618870 B CN102618870 B CN 102618870B CN 201210121619 A CN201210121619 A CN 201210121619A CN 102618870 B CN102618870 B CN 102618870B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wear-resistant and abrasion-resistant and a preparation process for forming a protective coating on a working surface of a mould substrate. The wear-resistant and abrasion-resistant mould is provided with a substrate which is made of an iron-based material, and the working surface of the substrate is provided with a nanometer titanium aluminum nitrogen (TiAlN) coating which is prepared in a preset powder or synchronously-fed laser smelting and coating way and is combined with the working surface of the substrate in a metallurgical form. The preparation process for forming the protective coating on the working surface of the mould substrate comprises steps of: (1) pre-treating mould substrate; and (2) laser cladding. According to the wear-resistant and abrasion-resistant mould and the preparation process, the technical problems of the existing ion nitrogenization plus physical vapor deposition process for depositing a metal ceramic hard coating on a mould that a complicated surface or a large-size mould cannot be processed, the coating adhesion is required to further improve and the production equipment and production process are complicated can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wear-resisting and corrosion-resistant mould and at this die matrix working-surface, form the preparation technology of protective coating.
Background technology
The quality of stamping parts, production efficiency and production cost etc., have direct relation with precision quality of die design and mould accessory etc.Mould directly contacts with material (metal or nonmetal), makes material generation separation or viscous deformation, thereby obtains required part.The material that current domestic stainless steel shaping dies generally uses is the ferrous alloys such as Cr12 (or Cr12MoV), rapid steel, cast alloy iron, these materials and stainless steel mutual solubility are large, easily between product and mould, adhere, the lighter reduces die life, at workpiece surface, produce cut, scuffing, severe one can, because cold welding phenomenon occurs between mould and workpiece, cause mould to scrap.Through its major cause of failure analysis, be that the tribological property of mould is poor, low wear resistance and resistance to tackiness easily make flange fillet and the straight wall wearing and tearing of flange of mould.
TiN coated material hardness is high, and frictional coefficient is little, good and be widely used in the sealer of various component with its wear resistance and corrosion stability.For improving die life, on mould, the sintering metal hard coat such as depositing TiN is an effective way, at present the normal technique that adopts ion nitriding+physical vapor deposition (PVD).Hard coat prepared by this technique can further improve the bonding strength of coating and matrix and the wear resistance of coating, when improving workpiece processing quality, also can extend die life.But this technique also exist can not processed complex surface or large size mould, coating adhesivity need the shortcomings such as further raising and production unit and technique thereof be comparatively complicated.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: for solving existing ion nitriding+physical gas-phase deposition metal refining ceramic hard coating on mould, can not processed complex surface or large size mould, coating adhesivity needs the comparatively complicated technical problem of further raising and production unit and technique thereof, the invention provides a kind of wear-resisting and corrosion-resistant mould and at this die matrix working-surface, form the preparation technology of protective coating, the present invention can processed complex surface or large size mould, it is high that prepared laser melting coating nano-TiAl N coating has hardness, oxidizing temperature is high, thermohardening is good, strong adhesion, the little good characteristic that waits of rubbing factor, can significantly improve the work-ing life of mould, and there is the simple advantage of production equipment and process.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of wear-resisting and corrosion resistant mould, there is the matrix that iron is made, matrix working-surface has protective coating, and described protective coating is the nano-TiAl N coating of metallurgical binding for what adopt prepared by the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating with matrix working-surface.The good characteristic such as nano-TiAl N coating has that hardness is high, oxidizing temperature is high, thermohardening is good, strong adhesion, rubbing factor are little, compares with TiN coating, has higher mechanical property and thermostability, is particularly suitable for the occasion that mould etc. requires high-wearing feature.Laser melting coating is a kind of new process for modifying surface, by adding cladding material at matrix working-surface and utilizing the laser beam of high power density to make it the method for consolidation together with matrix working-surface thin layer, at matrix working-surface, forming with it is the high-performance top coat of metallurgical binding and pore-free, defects i.e.cracks.This technology can, by dystectic alloy material or stupalith cladding at the matrix working-surface of low melting point, be prepared high performance top coat with lower cost on matrix.Laser melting coating has the features such as extent of dilution little, dense structure, coating and matrix are combined.And the rapid melting and solidification process of laser melting coating can also obtain micron or nanocrystalline structure coating.Laser melting coating workpiece pre-treating technology is simple, and cladding need to not carry out under vacuum environment, and workpiece size is substantially unrestricted.
For making coating have desirable mechanical property, thermostability and wear resisting property, and best with substrate combinating strength, as preferably, the thickness of described nano-TiAl N coating is 0.05 ~ 1mm.
The step of preparation process that forms protective coating at aforesaid die matrix working-surface is:
1) die matrix pre-treatment
By the die matrix working-surface sand papering processing, the die matrix working-surface of air exercise milled carries out oil removing cleaning, dries up standby;
2) laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating, take TiAl powdered alloy as cladding material, under nitrogen protection, at the preparation of die matrix working-surface and matrix working-surface, be the nano-TiAl N coating of metallurgical binding.
Further, in step 1) in aforementioned preparation technology, die matrix pre-treatment is specially: the die matrix working-surface processing is polished step by step with the sand paper of 400#, 600#, 1000# respectively, mould is put into acetone soln oil removing and clean, then use deionized water rinsing, dry up standby;
For reaching good oil removing cleaning performance, oil removing described in step 1) adopts ultrasonic oil removing, and the time is 3 ~ 5min.
Described cladding material, in TiAl alloy is atomic percent 10 ~ 30% containing Al amount, granularity is 200 ~ 500 orders.That appropriate Al can guarantee to form after laser melting coating is TiAlN coating rather than TiN, and too high Al content also can increase the fragility of coating and the bonding strength between coating and matrix simultaneously, affects the work-ing life of coating.Powder size is too carefully easily reunited, and in cladding process, particle surface can not fully contact by nitrogen, realizes effective nitrogenize, and in cladding process, molten bath internal mobility is poor is not easy to moulding; In the too thick cladding process of powder size, mobility is poor, and the coating that cladding forms easily exists the defects such as crackle, hole.
Cladding material is fully dry before laser melting coating.
Laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 1000 ~ 2500W, spot diameter Φ 2-4mm, hot spot translational speed 5 ~ 20mm/s; Laser cladding process adopts side-blown 12 ~ 18L/min nitrogen to protect simultaneously as the required nitrogenous source of reaction cladding region.Because the Physical Properties Differences such as thermal expansivity between coated material and metallic matrix are very large, make the matching between coating and metallic matrix bad, cladding layer such as easily cracks at the defect, has a strong impact on the quality of cladding layer.In order to obtain the coating of the even compact with specific macromechanics, heterogeneous microstructure, must, according to the difference of powder kind, quantity and granularity, select suitable laser cladding technological parameter.Laser cladding technological parameter mainly comprises the addition manner of laser power, spot diameter, laser scanning speed, cladding material etc.Increase, the sweep velocity of power density reduces, cladding layer planeness increases, tearing tendency reduces.But power is excessive, sweep velocity is too slow, can cause cladding layer burning loss of alloy, and thinning ratio increases, and heat affected zone increases.Laser cladding layer width is mainly determined by spot size.Cladding material chemical composition to quality of cladding layer have the greatest impact, the most complicated.Generally, carbon, boron content are high, and cladding layer hardness is high, tearing tendency is large; Nickel, cobalt contents are high, and tearing tendency is little.Silicon, boron content are high, and cladding layer planeness is high.Therefore, only have between each processing parameter and realize good collocation, could obtain the coating of realistic performance requriements.The present inventor is considering the factors such as metal matrix material, coated material and performance requriements thereof, process characteristic in conjunction with laser melting coating, Design Theory and follow-up a large amount of experimental study through early stage, the coating structure that adopts above-mentioned technique to prepare is tiny, do not have defect and be metallurgical binding with matrix, coating microhardness value, in HV2800 left and right, can improve die life more than 3-5 times
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the good characteristic such as nano-TiAl N coating wear-resisting and corrosion-resistant die surface of the present invention has that hardness is high, oxidizing temperature is high, thermohardening is good, strong adhesion, rubbing factor are little, compare with TiN coating, there is higher mechanical property and thermostability, can significantly improve the work-ing life of mould.The preparation technology of die matrix working-surface protective coating of the present invention, there is the simple advantage of production equipment and process, and cladding need to not carried out under vacuum environment, and workpiece size is substantially unrestricted, therefore can be for processed complex surface or large size mould.The coating structure of preparation is tiny, do not have defect and be metallurgical binding with matrix, and coating microhardness value is in about HV2800, can improve die life 3-5 doubly more than.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
A kind of wear-resisting and corrosion resistant mould, there is the matrix that iron is made, matrix working-surface has protective coating, and described protective coating is the nano-TiAl N coating of metallurgical binding for what adopt prepared by the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating with matrix working-surface.The thickness of nano-TiAl N coating is 0.05mm.
The step of preparation process that forms protective coating at this die matrix working-surface is:
1): die matrix pre-treatment
The die matrix working-surface processing is polished step by step with the sand paper of 400#, 600#, 1000# respectively, die matrix is put into the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing of acetone soln and clean, the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing time is 3 ~ 5min, then uses deionized water rinsing, dries up standby.
2): laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating, take TiAl powdered alloy as cladding material, at die matrix working-surface preparation and matrix working-surface, be metallurgical binding, and there is the nano-TiAl N coating that the thickness with the complete heterogeneity of matrix is 0.05mm.Wherein measuring containing Al in cladding material TiAl powdered alloy is atomic percent 10%, and granularity is 200 orders; Cladding material is fully dry before laser melting coating.Laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 1000W, spot diameter Φ 2mm, hot spot translational speed 20mm/s.And laser cladding process adopts side-blown 12 ~ 18L/min nitrogen to protect simultaneously as the required nitrogenous source of reaction cladding region.
embodiment 2:
A kind of wear-resisting and corrosion resistant mould, there is the matrix that iron is made, matrix working-surface has protective coating, and described protective coating is the nano-TiAl N coating of metallurgical binding for what adopt prepared by the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating with matrix working-surface.The thickness of nano-TiAl N coating is 0.5mm.
The step of preparation process that forms protective coating at this die matrix working-surface is:
1): die matrix pre-treatment
The die matrix working-surface processing is polished step by step with the sand paper of 400#, 600#, 1000# respectively, die matrix is put into the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing of acetone soln and clean, the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing time is 3 ~ 5min, then uses deionized water rinsing, dries up standby.
2): laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating, take TiAl powdered alloy as cladding material, at die matrix working-surface preparation and matrix working-surface, be metallurgical binding, and there is the nano-TiAl N coating that the thickness with the complete heterogeneity of matrix is 0.5mm.Wherein measuring containing Al in cladding material TiAl powdered alloy is atomic percent 20%, and granularity is 300 orders; Cladding material is fully dry before laser melting coating.Laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 1500W, spot diameter Φ 4mm, hot spot translational speed 15mm/s.And laser cladding process adopts side-blown 12 ~ 18L/min nitrogen to protect simultaneously as the required nitrogenous source of reaction cladding region.
embodiment 3:
A kind of wear-resisting and corrosion resistant mould, there is the matrix that iron is made, matrix working-surface has protective coating, and described protective coating is the nano-TiAl N coating of metallurgical binding for what adopt prepared by the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating with matrix working-surface.The thickness of nano-TiAl N coating is 1mm.
The step that forms the preparation technology of protective coating at this die matrix working-surface is:
1): die matrix pre-treatment
The die matrix working-surface processing is polished step by step with the sand paper of 400#, 600#, 1000# respectively, die matrix is put into the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing of acetone soln and clean, the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing time is 3 ~ 5min, then uses deionized water rinsing, dries up standby.
2): laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating, take TiAl powdered alloy as cladding material, at die matrix working-surface preparation and matrix working-surface, be metallurgical binding, and there is the nano-TiAl N coating that the thickness with the complete heterogeneity of matrix is 1mm.Wherein measuring containing Al in cladding material TiAl powdered alloy is atomic percent 30%, and granularity is 500 orders; Cladding material is fully dry before laser melting coating.Laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 2000W, spot diameter Φ 3mm, hot spot translational speed 10mm/s.And laser cladding process adopts side-blown 12 ~ 18L/min nitrogen to protect simultaneously as the required nitrogenous source of reaction cladding region.
embodiment 4:
A kind of wear-resisting and corrosion resistant mould, there is the matrix that iron is made, matrix working-surface has protective coating, and described protective coating is the nano-TiAl N coating of metallurgical binding for what adopt prepared by the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating with matrix working-surface.The thickness of nano-TiAl N coating is 0.1mm.
The step that forms the preparation technology of protective coating at this die matrix working-surface is:
1): die matrix pre-treatment
The die matrix working-surface processing is polished step by step with the sand paper of 400#, 600#, 1000# respectively, die matrix is put into the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing of acetone soln and clean, the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing time is 3 ~ 5min, then uses deionized water rinsing, dries up standby.
2): laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating, take TiAl powdered alloy as cladding material, at die matrix working-surface preparation and matrix working-surface, be metallurgical binding, and there is the nano-TiAl N coating that the thickness with the complete heterogeneity of matrix is 0.1mm.Wherein measuring containing Al in cladding material TiAl powdered alloy is atomic percent 15%, and granularity is 200 orders; Cladding material is fully dry before laser melting coating.Laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 2000W, spot diameter Φ 2mm, hot spot translational speed 10mm/s.And laser cladding process adopts side-blown 12 ~ 18L/min nitrogen to protect simultaneously as the required nitrogenous source of reaction cladding region.
Claims (4)
1. at die matrix working-surface, form a preparation technology for protective coating, it is characterized in that step is:
1) die matrix pre-treatment
By the die matrix working-surface sand papering processing, the working-surface of air exercise milled carries out oil removing cleaning, dries up standby;
2) laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating, take TiAl powdered alloy as cladding material, under nitrogen protection, at the preparation of die matrix working-surface and matrix working-surface, be the nano-TiAl N coating of metallurgical binding; In wherein said cladding material TiAl alloy is atomic percent 10 ~ 30% containing Al amount, and granularity is 200 ~ 500 orders; Laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 1000 ~ 2500W, spot diameter Φ 2-4mm, hot spot translational speed 5 ~ 20mm/s; Laser cladding process adopts side-blown 12 ~ 18L/min nitrogen to protect simultaneously as the required nitrogenous source of reaction cladding region.
2. the preparation technology who forms protective coating at die matrix working-surface according to claim 1, its feature: step 1), die matrix pre-treatment is specially: the die matrix working-surface processing is polished step by step with the sand paper of 400#, 600#, 1000# respectively, mould is put into acetone soln oil removing to be cleaned, then use deionized water rinsing, dry up standby.
3. according to the preparation technology at die matrix working-surface formation protective coating described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the oil removing described in step 1) is ultrasonic oil removing, the time is 3 ~ 5min.
4. the preparation technology at die matrix working-surface formation protective coating as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: cladding material is fully dry before laser melting coating.
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| CN201210121619.9A CN102618870B (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Wear-resistant and abrasion-resistant mould and preparation process for forming protective coating on working surface of mould substrate |
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| CN108115110B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-03-13 | 西安交通大学 | Anti-adhesion die-casting die with tensile prestressed ceramic layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108103500A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-01 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of stretching prestressing force cermet die casting and preparation method thereof |
| CN110774426B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-06-11 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Surface treatment method for glass fiber reinforced plastic mold |
| CN111763941A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-13 | 常州英诺激光科技有限公司 | Coating process, composite material, application and surface treatment method of metal-based material |
| CN111945151A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-17 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of Ti-Al-N-Nb quaternary coating |
| CN111945150B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-11-01 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of TiAlN coating |
| CN111945152B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2023-01-13 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of TiAlN coating on titanium alloy surface |
| CN115572974A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-01-06 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所 | Composite coating and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1361308A (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-31 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Ionic TiALN coating for blade of air compressor in naval aircraft engine |
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| US7555822B2 (en) * | 2005-04-05 | 2009-07-07 | Chrysler Llc | Laser generation of thermal insulation blanket |
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| CN1361308A (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-31 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Ionic TiALN coating for blade of air compressor in naval aircraft engine |
| CN101812684A (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2010-08-25 | 姚建华 | Method for preparing metal surface laser strengthened coat |
| CN102321873A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-01-18 | 成都名钨科技有限责任公司 | TiAlN coated carbide blade |
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