CN102612446B - Inverter for motor and the method for the inverter that runs motor - Google Patents

Inverter for motor and the method for the inverter that runs motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102612446B
CN102612446B CN201080042765.1A CN201080042765A CN102612446B CN 102612446 B CN102612446 B CN 102612446B CN 201080042765 A CN201080042765 A CN 201080042765A CN 102612446 B CN102612446 B CN 102612446B
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China
Prior art keywords
final stage
stage unit
unit
inverter
emergency operating
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CN201080042765.1A
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CN102612446A (en
Inventor
A·施瓦茨
M·海尔
A·哈斯
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/003Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0092Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B60L7/14Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/40Testing power supplies
    • G01R31/42AC power supplies
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/122Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/10Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of inverter for motor and a kind of method for running the inverter for motor.At this, described inverter (2) has at least one final stage unit (8) for the manufacture of the connecting portion between motor (1) and energy supply network (3); For controlling the control unit (6) of at least one final stage unit (8) described; That energy for described final stage unit (8) is supplied, irrelevant with described energy supply network (3) power supply unit (7); At least one in case of a fault for control described final stage unit/final stage unit (8), attach troops to a unit in the emergency operating control setup (12) of described final stage unit/final stage unit (8); At least one in case of a fault for generation of from described energy supply network (3), described final stage unit/final stage unit for electric flux, attach troops to a unit in the emergency operating electric supply installation (13) of described final stage unit/final stage unit (8).

Description

Inverter for motor and the method for the inverter that runs motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of a kind of method of inverter for motor and inverter for running motor.
Background technology
The motor with inverter is such as applied in hybrid vehicle, and hybrid vehicle runs in state alternatively in motoring or generator operation herein.In motoring, this motor produces the additional drive torque such as supporting combustion engine in acceleration phase; In operation state of generator, this motor produces the electric energy in the accumulator be stored in such as battery or super operator's compartment (Super-Cab).Operation scheme and the power of this motor adjust by means of inverter.
Because relatively high voltage must be provided in hybrid vehicle, the motor of driving machine motor-car electrically can be applied, so always take the measure avoiding continuing infringement in order to the parts protecting electrical network to be connected with on electrical network.
Therefore such as known, when detecting the fault function of electrical network, by electrical storage and electrical network electrically separated.If motor is in operation state of generator this moment, then line voltage can be caused significantly to increase, and this can cause the damage of the final stage of inverter.
In order to avoid this situation, such as known in document EP 1 524 761 A1, when exceeding the predeterminable limit voltage of inverter, inverter is switched to short operating condition.
Disclose a kind of inverter for motor by document DE 102 21 081 A1, this inverter comprises and to be multiplely arranged in bridgt circuit and to be based upon the on-off element connected between motor and battery.The on-off element be arranged in the low side branch (Low-Side-Zweig) of inverter conducts electricity without the need to applying control voltage, i.e. so-called normal open switch element (Normally-On-Schaltelement).Can ensure thus, when lacking power supply voltage and rotating at motor, make the coil short circuit of motor and there will not be over voltage.
Disclosed in document DE 10 2,006 003 254 A1, for cutting off the method regulation with the motor of Pulse Inverter in the presence of interference: when cutting off motor, less desirable secondary action minimizes in the following manner and normal state of runtime machine is maximized, thus first motor is switched to activation operation (Freischalt-Betrieb) state, under the described whole switch interrupts activating Pulse Inverter in operation is opened and is switched to short-circuit mode subsequently, break at described short-circuit mode the switch that is connected with high potential and connect the switch be connected with active potential.
Disclose a kind of method for handling failure in the motor of hybrid drive by document DE 10 2,007 020 509A1, wherein first detect the limit whether having at least one motor operating parameter to exceed the operational factor of attaching troops to a unit.If detected at this, at least one operational factor has exceeded the limit of attaching troops to a unit, so activate motor for attaching troops to a unit in the power supply connector of the time gap of operational factor, and make described power supply connector and ground short circuit after this time gap terminates.
Summary of the invention
Inverter for motor according to the present invention has at least one final stage unit for the manufacture of connecting portion between motor and energy supply network; For controlling the control unit of at least one final stage unit described; That energy for final stage unit is supplied, irrelevant with energy supply network power supply unit.In addition arrange at least one in case of a fault for control described final stage unit/final stage unit, attach troops to a unit in the emergency operating control setup of described final stage unit/final stage unit; And at least one in case of a fault for generation of from described energy supply network, described final stage unit/final stage unit for electric flux, attach troops to a unit in the emergency operating electric supply installation of described final stage unit/final stage unit.
By arrange at least one attach troops to a unit in described final stage unit/final stage unit emergency operating control setup and attach troops to a unit in the emergency operating electric supply installation of described final stage unit/final stage unit, even if can ensure when functional fault appears in the final stage of control unit and/or the power supply unit of inverter, particularly inverter, also can be switched to more in failure-free running state, in such as short operating condition, thus avoid the over voltage of the infringement continued that can cause final stage in energy supply network.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, when at least one in described operational factor is lower than the lower threshold value preset or higher than the upper threshold value preset, the operational factor in described at least one emergency operating control setup monitoring inverter and tracing trouble situation.So such as can monitor, whether the power supply voltage provided by power supply unit is lower than below the lower threshold value preset or exceed default upper threshold value.Equally such as can monitor, whether the control signal of control unit is positioned at default signal level interval (Signalpegel-Intervall).
By emergency operating control setup monitor operational parameters and failure condition is diagnosed to the embodiment favourable on circuit engineering showed according to inverter of the present invention.But the diagnosis of the monitoring of operational factor and/or failure condition alternatively also can realize in the circuit component of one or more separation.
According to another kind of embodiment, at least one emergency operating electric supply installation described can be implemented with can be disconnected to connecting.Thus, can again get back to this situation in the value region of permission for operational factor after identifying failure condition, again be switched to normal operating condition from emergency operating state.
According to the method by the inverter for running motor of the present invention, wherein inverter has at least one final stage unit for the manufacture of connecting portion between motor and energy supply network, and in normal operating condition, final stage unit/final stage unit are controlled by control unit by the power supply unit supplying energy irrelevant with energy supply network.In the emergency operating state be activated in case of a fault, by least one emergency operating electric supply installation produce from energy supply network, for the energy of the energy supply of final stage unit/final stage unit and described final stage unit/final stage unit controlled by least one emergency operating control setup.
According to a kind of embodiment of method of the present invention, at least one emergency operating electric supply installation described diagnosis after failure condition connect and once no longer diagnosis advantageously cut off again to failure condition.
Also can final stage monitor current be passed through according to another kind of embodiment, and in diagnosis to the short operating condition can avoiding during excess current being switched to short operating condition or interrupting having started.Also damage final stage caused by excess current can be avoided in this way.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The further feature of embodiments of the present invention and advantage are described with reference to accompanying drawing hereinafter,
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 shows the schematic block diagram according to inverter of the present invention; And
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram for implementing the circuit arragement according to the inventive method.
Detailed description of the invention
Motor 1 is connected with the energy supply network 3 that such as can be embodied as high volt houlage network in hybrid vehicle by inverter 2.If motor 1 runs in motoring, then provide energy by energy supply network 3.When running in operation state of generator, motor on the contrary can transmission of electric energy in energy supply network 3.Energy supply network 3 is connected with the accumulator 4 of such as battery.By switch 5, energy supply network 3 can be separated with accumulator 4 when identifying the failure condition in electrical network especially.Inverter 2 has control unit 6, power supply unit 7 and final stage unit 8.In this case each phase place of motor 1 arranges a final stage device 8 respectively.In the illustrated embodiment by three phase electric machine, thus three final stage unit 8-1 are set, 8-2 and 8-3.Number of phases according to motor 1 also can be arranged greater or less than three final stage unit.
Power supply unit 7 is for the energy supply of final stage unit 8-1,8-2 and 8-3.This power supply unit and energy supply network 3 are independently implemented, and such as by the low volt onboard power system feed of hybrid vehicle.The control of final stage unit 8-1,8-2 and 8-3 is realized by control unit 6.
Final stage unit 8 has final stage 9 and the final stage flip flop equipment 10 of such as power semiconductor switch form respectively.Because final stage unit 8 is implemented without current potential ground in the embodiment as shown, so arrange phase place power supply unit 11 respectively in final stage unit 8, described phase place power supply unit is connected between electric supply installation 7 and final stage flip flop equipment 10.In normal running state, final stage flip flop equipment 10-1,10-2 and 10-3 are by the phase place power supply unit 11-1 from power supply unit 7, and 11-2 is 11-3 supplying energy in other words.Implement without current potential ground if final stage unit 8 is non-, then also can omit phase place power supply unit 11 and final stage flip flop equipment 10 can directly be connected with power supply unit 7.Final stage flip flop equipment 10 obtains control command respectively from control unit 6, and then described control command is converted into the suitable control signal for triggering final stage 9.
Even if in order to make final stage unit 8 when the triggering of fault or energy supply, namely control unit 6 and/or power supply unit 7 lost efficacy or functional fault when also can keep run readiness, and reliably avoid the over voltage on energy supply network, emergency operating control setup 12 and emergency operating electric supply installation 13 are set in each final stage unit 8.In case of a fault, received for final stage flip flop equipment 10 and then for the control command of the control setup of final stage unit 8 by corresponding emergency operating control setup 12.The energy supply of final stage unit 8 is realized by emergency operating electric supply installation 13 in emergency operating, and wherein said emergency operating electric supply installation produces the energy from necessity of energy supply network 3.
In the illustrated embodiment, for each final stage unit 8-1 to 8-3 arranges independently emergency operating control setup 12-1 to 12-3 and emergency operating electric supply installation 13-1 to 13-3 respectively.For this reason alternatively, also can arrange and attach troops to a unit in the emergency operating control setup of whole or at least multiple final stage unit 8 and/or emergency operating electric supply installation.Important is, for each final stage unit 8 that is existing and that use distributes emergency operating control setup 12 and emergency operating electric supply installation 13, thus also can ensure final stage unit 8 in case of a fault with control unit 6 and the irrelevant control energy supply in other words of power supply unit 7.
Because during emergency operating, namely do not need in case of a fault often to switch final stage 9, so without the need to providing larger charging current by emergency operating electric supply installation 13 yet.Therefore these can be arranged for little consumed power.
In fig. 2 to schematically show the exemplary circuit for realizing according to the inventive method.At this, emergency operating control setup 12 has the comparing unit 20 of such as threshold switch form, and the lower threshold value A preset of the power supply voltage that phase place power supply unit 11 provides by this comparing unit and power supply voltage compares.If the power supply voltage provided by phase place power supply unit 11 drops to below threshold value A, then connect emergency operating electric supply installation 13, especially connect the voltage regulator 21 be arranged on wherein.Therefore emergency operating electric supply installation 13 produces the energy from energy supply network 3.At second comparing unit 22 of this voltage produced by such as another threshold switch, compare with the lower threshold value B of power supply voltage in emergency operating control setup 12.Once the voltage produced by emergency operating electric supply installation 13 exceedes lower threshold value B, then operate in the switching mechanism 23 arranged in final stage flip flop equipment 10.This makes final stage 9 no longer be controlled by the control signal preset by control unit 6 now, but is controlled by emergency operating control signal C, and this emergency operating control signal such as causes switching low-side switching elements conductively in final stage 9.If use this for whole existing and control setups of final stage unit 8 of using, then realize the short operating condition of inverter 2, described inverter reliably avoid the over voltage in energy supply network 3 and then avoids the lasting infringement to final stage 9.
Additionally, also can not allow to be switched to short operating condition when diagnosing out excess current by final stage monitor current or interrupt the short operating condition that started.Also the infringement that excess current causes final stage can also be avoided in this way.

Claims (12)

1., for the inverter (2) of motor (1), it has
-at least one final stage unit (8) for the manufacture of the connecting portion between described motor (1) and energy supply network (3);
-for controlling the control unit (6) of at least one final stage unit (8) described;
-supply for the energy of described final stage unit (8), irrelevant with described energy supply network (3) power supply unit (7);
-at least one in case of a fault for control described final stage unit (8), attach troops to a unit in the emergency operating control setup (12) of described final stage unit (8);
-at least one in case of a fault for generation of from described energy supply network (3), described final stage unit for electric flux, attach troops to a unit in the emergency operating electric supply installation (13) of described final stage unit (8).
2. inverter according to claim 1, wherein when at least one in operational factor is lower than the lower threshold value preset or higher than the upper threshold value preset, at least one emergency operating control setup (12) described monitors operational factor in described inverter (2) and tracing trouble situation.
3. inverter according to claim 1 and 2, wherein said at least one emergency operating electric supply installation (13) be embodied as can connect and can disconnect.
4. for running the method for the inverter (2) of motor (1), wherein said inverter (2) has at least one final stage unit (8) for the manufacture of the connecting portion between described motor (1) and energy supply network (3), wherein described in normal operating condition, final stage unit (8) is provided energy by the power supply unit (7) irrelevant with described energy supply network (3) and is controlled by control unit (6), and produce from described energy supply network (3) by least one emergency operating electric supply installation (13) in case of a fault, for the energy that the energy of described final stage unit (8) is supplied, and described final stage unit (8) is controlled by least one emergency operating control setup (12).
5. method according to claim 4, wherein failure condition is diagnosed by the operational factor analyzed in described inverter (2).
6. method according to claim 5, wherein when at least one in operational factor is lower than the lower threshold value preset or higher than tracing trouble situation during the upper threshold value preset.
7. the method according to any one of claim 4 to 6, at least one emergency operating electric supply installation (13) wherein said is connected after tracing trouble situation.
8. method according to claim 7, wherein once not diagnose failure condition, disconnects at least one emergency operating electric supply installation (13) described again.
9. method according to claim 4, wherein said emergency operating control setup controls corresponding final stage unit like this, thus prevents the over voltage in described energy supply network.
10. method according to claim 9, wherein said emergency operating control setup (12) controls corresponding final stage unit (8) like this, thus in described final stage unit (8), switches on-off element in short operating condition.
11. methods according to claim 10, wherein said emergency operating control setup (12) controls corresponding final stage unit (8) like this, thus prevents the excess current in final stage.
12. methods according to claim 11, wherein do not stop when diagnosing out excess current and are switched to short operating condition or interrupt short operating condition.
CN201080042765.1A 2009-09-24 2010-08-03 Inverter for motor and the method for the inverter that runs motor Active CN102612446B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009044944.2 2009-09-24
DE102009044944A DE102009044944A1 (en) 2009-09-24 2009-09-24 Inverter for an electric machine and method for operating an inverter for an electric machine
PCT/EP2010/061273 WO2011035970A2 (en) 2009-09-24 2010-08-03 Inverter for an electric machine and method for operating an inverter for an electric machine

Publications (2)

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CN102612446A CN102612446A (en) 2012-07-25
CN102612446B true CN102612446B (en) 2015-08-05

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US (1) US9676277B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2480426B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5638079B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101823164B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102612446B (en)
DE (1) DE102009044944A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011035970A2 (en)

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WO2011035970A2 (en) 2011-03-31
JP2013506390A (en) 2013-02-21

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