CN102611116A - Single-phase electric energy quality controller for electrified railway power supply system - Google Patents

Single-phase electric energy quality controller for electrified railway power supply system Download PDF

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CN102611116A
CN102611116A CN201210051065XA CN201210051065A CN102611116A CN 102611116 A CN102611116 A CN 102611116A CN 201210051065X A CN201210051065X A CN 201210051065XA CN 201210051065 A CN201210051065 A CN 201210051065A CN 102611116 A CN102611116 A CN 102611116A
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CN102611116B (en
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黄民聪
戴宁怡
刘景荣
黄志刚
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MACAO UNIV
University of Macau
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract

The invention relates to a single-phase electric energy quality controller for an electrified railway power supply system, which is characterized by comprising a load side converter, a no-load side converter, a DC unit, a capacitive impedance and a booster transformer, wherein the load side converter and the no-load side converter exchange energy through the DC unit to form a back-to-back rectifier inverter; and the load side converter is connected with the capacitive impedance, and the no-load side converter is connected with the booster transformer. The controller provided by the invention has functions of active power control, reactive power compensation and harmonic compensation, and is capable of effectively improving electric energy quality in a traction power supply system of the electrified railway and reducing system loss.

Description

The single-phase electric energy quality controller that is used for the electrified railway power supply system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of single-phase electric energy quality controller that is used for the electrified railway power supply system, belong to the electric and electronic technical field in the electrical engineering.
Background technology
It is the railway locomotive power supply that the single phase industrial frequence alternating current is generally adopted in the electric railway of China.Electric locomotive can inject three-phase power supply system with negative-sequence current as the large capacity single phase load, causes the electric power system imbalance of three-phase voltage, the problem of voltage fluctuation.And electric locomotive can produce reactive current harmonic electric current simultaneously, the normal operation of harm electric power system.
In the existing power system of electric railway of China, generally adopt the scheme that phase sequence is rotated, phase-splitting is supplied power.This scheme can alleviate the influence of three-phase imbalance to a certain extent, but can not fundamentally solve the influence of single-phase traction load to whole utility network.Electric neutral section of while has increased cost and has restricted the speed of service of locomotive, is difficult to satisfy the requirement of high-speed overload railway.
At " based on YN; the railway locomotive alternating current traction cophase supply device of vd wiring transformer " (Chinese invention patent; Granted publication day: on June 24th, 2009; Notification number CN100505499C) in, proposes a kind ofly can realize railway cophase supply completely and need not phase-splitting, eliminate the cophase supply device of rail traction load simultaneously the influence of the utility network quality of power supply.Wherein the rectification adverser based on power electronic technology plays a crucial role in the cophase supply system.Description for the structure and the control method of this rectification adverser is found in two pieces of following scientific and technical literatures: document 1: Zhang Xiufeng, and Lie group is profound; Lv Xiaoqin, based on active filter and V, v meets the cophase supply system; China's railway science, 2006,27 (2): 98-102; Document 2: Ceng Guohong, Hao Rongtai is based on the cophase supply system of active filter and balanced impedance matching transformer, railway society, 2003,25 (3): 49-54.Wherein document 1 is selected V, and the v transformer is as traction transformer, and it is traction transformer that document 2 is selected balanced impedance matching transformer, and two kinds of equal side joints of transformer are gone into three phase network, and secondary side transfers two outputs mutually to.
Cophase supply scheme in the above-mentioned document, rectification adverser both sides all need transformer that current transformer and drawing electric network are linked, and the theory structure of its simplification is as shown in Figure 1.At " the single-phase unified electric energy quality controller that is used for electrified railway power supply " (Chinese invention patent; Granted publication day: on November 4th, 2009, notification number CN 100557935C) in, a kind of single-phase unified electric energy quality controller (being called for short UPQC) that is used for electrified railway power supply is proposed; This UPQC is through adopting big capacity chain type H bridge current transformer; Save the transformer of a side, thereby reduce cost, floor space and the loss of device, its structure is as shown in Figure 2.But itself with regard to rectification adverser; Because a side converter is through the directly parallelly connected drawing electric network that inserts of inductance; Consider that traction locomotive is an inductive load; In order to realize that like the parameter in this patent working example, total dc voltage of rectification adverser must be higher than the amplitude of traction transformer secondary side voltage for the compensation of load harmonic wave, idle and unsymmetrical current.Defective is that the rectification adverser cost is high, has limited the application of this scheme.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of novel single-phase electric energy quality controller that is used for the electrified railway power supply system; This purpose is realized by following technical scheme:
A kind of single-phase electric energy quality controller that is used for the electrified railway power supply system is characterized in that, comprising: load side current transformer, unloaded side converter, direct current unit, capacitive reactances and step-up transformer; Load side current transformer and unloaded side converter are formed the rectification adverser of " back-to-back " through direct current elements exchange energy; The load side current transformer connects capacitive reactances, and unloaded side converter links to each other with step-up transformer.
Said capacitive reactances comprises a group capacitor and one group of reactor, and under the system works frequency, it is capacitive that capacitor adds the reactor total impedance.
Said capacitive reactances satisfies under the nominal load situation at the resistance value under the system works frequency, and the operating frequency component of load side current transformer output voltage and the operating frequency component of offset current are equidirectional.
The inductance capacitance series arm resonance of said capacitive reactances is selected 3 times, 5 times or 7 times at certain once main harmonic wave of traction load electric current usually.
Said step-up transformer is single-phase isolation boosting transformer, and its no-load voltage ratio is the ratio of load side current transformer rated voltage and system voltage.
Characteristics of the present invention and beneficial effect:
The single-phase electric energy quality controller that is used for the electrified railway power supply system proposed by the invention (being called for short Hybrid UPQC); Has active power control simultaneously; The function of reactive power compensation harmonic compensation; Can effectively improve the power quality problem in the electric railway traction power supply system, reduce system loss.The Hybrid UPQC that utilizes the present invention to propose; Through capacitive reactances current transformer is inserted tractive power supply system; Can the direct current total voltage of rectification adverser be reduced to 50～80% of existing scheme, thereby reduce the capacity of electronic power conversion device, reach the purpose that reduces cost with running wastage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing cophase supply system based on the dual transformer isolation structure.
Fig. 2 is that an existing side adopts isolating transformer, and a side is directly incorporated the UPQC structural representation of system into through inductance.
Fig. 3 is that a side provided by the invention adopts isolating transformer, and a side is incorporated the Hybrid UPQC structural representation of system into through capacitive reactances.
To be Hybrid UPQC inject the perceptual polar plot when idle of active current and compensation load to system to Fig. 4.
To be UPQC inject the perceptual polar plot when idle of active current and compensation load to system to Fig. 5.
Fig. 6 uses V for Hybrid UPQC among the embodiment one is installed in one, realizes the system construction drawing of cophase supply system in the traction substation of v transformer.
Fig. 7 is installed in the system construction drawing of realizing the cophase supply system in the traction substation of a use single-phase transformer for Hybrid UPQC among the embodiment two.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
The single-phase electric energy quality controller that is used for the electrified railway in-phase power supply system provided by the invention (being called for short Hybrid UPQC) general structure is as shown in Figure 3, and this device comprises load side current transformer (being called for short the load current transformer), unloaded side converter (being called for short unloaded current transformer), direct current unit, step-up transformer and capacitive reactances.Load side current transformer and unloaded side converter based on power electronic device (GTO or IGBT) pass through direct current elements exchange energy, form the rectification adverser of " back-to-back ".Capacitive reactances connects traction power supply net and load side current transformer, and this impedance is made up of a group capacitor and one group of inductance, and capacitor and inductor resonance is at certain first harmonic of load, thereby its total impedance under the system works frequency always is a capacitive.Unloaded side converter is through the isolating transformer connecting system that boosts.
Among the above-mentioned Hybrid UPQC, a side is through the feeder ear direct connection of capacitive reactances and traction transformer, and promptly with the same drawing electric network of the electric railway traction parallelly connected access of load, the current transformer of this side is also referred to as the load side current transformer; Opposite side then links to each other with electric power system through step-up transformer, and the current transformer of this side is called unloaded side converter.
Wherein, the load side current transformer inserts drawing electric network through capacitive reactances, is lower than under the traction net voltage condition at its output voltage, can realize injecting active current, reactive current harmonic electric current to drawing electric network.Total dc voltage of corresponding current transformer also will be starkly lower than the amplitude of traction transformer secondary side voltage.Can eliminate idle that the rail traction load is produced, harmonic current can also solve the utility network imbalance problem that single-phase traction load produces simultaneously for the influence of the utility network quality of power supply.With respect to existing UPQC, this scheme can reduce the capacity of rectification adverser in the single-phase electric energy quality controller, reduces the cost and the loss of electric energy quality controller.
Said capacitive reactances comprises a group capacitor and one group of reactor; Under the system works frequency; It is capacitive that capacitor adds the reactor total impedance; In order to reduce rectification adverser DC side total voltage, said capacitive reactances satisfies under the nominal load situation at the resistance value under the system works frequency, and the operating frequency component of load side current transformer output voltage and the operating frequency component of offset current are equidirectional.In order to be beneficial to the harmonic wave that filtering rail traction load is produced, inductance capacitance series arm resonance is selected 3 times, 5 times or 7 times at certain once main harmonic wave of traction load electric current usually.
Among the above-mentioned Hybrid UPQC, unloaded side converter is through single-phase isolation boosting transformer connecting system, and its no-load voltage ratio is the ratio of load side current transformer rated voltage and system voltage; The traction transformer that traction substation in electric railway adopts is three phase transformations, two phase transformer; V for example, v is during balanced impedance matching transformer; System voltage is the effective value of traction transformer secondary side output voltage, and is identical with traction net supply power voltage usually; When traction transformer was single-phase transformer, unloaded side converter inserted three-phase power supply system through single-phase isolation boosting transformer, and its no-load voltage ratio is the ratio of the effective value of load side current transformer rated voltage and three-phase power supply system line voltage.
Among the above-mentioned Hybrid UPQC; Unloaded side converter and all optional majority level of load side current transformer single-phase electricity potential source current transformer; Like single-phase chain type H bridge construction current transformer, can adopt control technology (belong to routine techniques, and do not belong to content of the present invention) based on current tracking; Guarantee the transfer of the present invention, keep dc voltage simultaneously in setting range for reactive current, harmonic current realization compensation and control active current.
The operation principle of Hybrid UPQC provided by the invention is summarized as follows:
In the cophase supply system; The load side current transformer of Hybrid UPQC compensates for the reactive current harmonic electric current that the electric railway load produces; Simultaneously when traction transformer be three phase transformations, two phase transformer, V for example, v; During balanced impedance matching transformer, the current transformer of unloaded side inserts another phase winding of traction transformer; When traction transformer was single-phase transformer, unloaded side converter inserted three-phase power supply system, but will select different line voltage to insert with single-phase traction transformer.Unloaded side converter absorbs active power from system, through the direct current unit, again by the load side current transformer with this energy injected system, thereby the imbalance of compensation three-phase side electric current.Unloaded side converter adopts power factor correction technology when absorbing active power, i.e. measured power factor is close to one in Control current waveform, and the assurance three-phase power supply system.
The continuous current locomotive power factor is generally about 0.8; Be inductive load simultaneously; The positive direction of supposing offset current is the load side current transformer injected system from Hybrid UPQC, and to inject active current and compensation load to system perceptual when idle as Hybrid UPQC, and polar plot is as shown in Figure 4; The offset current vector comprises real component parallel with system voltage and the idle component vertical with system voltage; It is current phasor 90 degree that turn clockwise that this electric current flows through voltage vector direction that capacitive reactances produces, and voltage addition on system voltage and the capacitive reactances is the output voltage of Hybrid UPQC load side current transformer; Hybrid UPQC can realize the requirement of compensation when load side current transformer output voltage is lower than system voltage.And traditional U PQC is when same offset current injects in system; Polar plot is as shown in Figure 5; Because adopt emotional resistance to connect inverter and system; The voltage vector direction that offset current flows through the emotional resistance generation is that current phasor is rotated counterclockwise 90 degree, and UPQC load side current transformer voltage is voltage addition on system voltage and the emotional resistance, and this voltage must be higher than system voltage could realize the compensation requirement.
Be two application examples of Hybrid UPQC of the present invention below:
Instance one: Hybrid UPQC is based on V, in the cophase supply system of v transformer
Among this embodiment, Hybrid UPQC is installed in one and uses V, realizes the cophase supply system in the traction substation of v transformer, and the detailed maps of this cophase supply system is as shown in Figure 6.
Suppose public electric wire net, promptly traction transformer primary side three-phase voltage is following:
Figure BDA0000139696940000051
V represents the three-phase power supply system phase voltage effective value that traction substation inserts in the following formula.
Like the wiring among Fig. 4, V, v Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer voltage is following:
Figure BDA0000139696940000052
V in the following formula αAnd v βRepresent V respectively, the output voltage of v Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer, wherein v αDirectly give the power supply of traction net, v βBe the unloaded side in the cophase supply scheme, V Sup plyIt is the effective value of the output voltage of secondary side.
When not inserting Hybrid UPQC in the system, V, v Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer electric current is following:
i a i b i c = i L 0 - i L .
i LBe the electric locomotive traction load current, and can be broken down into fundamental active current, fundamental reactive current harmonic electric current:
i L＝i L1p+i L1q+i Lh，
I wherein LhBe the harmonic wave in the load current, i L1pAnd i L1qRepresent fundamental active current and fundamental reactive current respectively, can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0000139696940000062
Figure BDA0000139696940000063
I wherein L1Be load fundamental current effective value,
Figure BDA0000139696940000064
Represent the phase difference between electric iron load supply power voltage and the first-harmonic load current.The active power that the electricity iron load absorbs can be expressed as:
After adding Hybrid UPQC in the system, Hybrid UPQC will inject offset current, and the traction transformer secondary side current is changed into:
i a i b i c = i L - i pa - i pb - i L - i pc
In the following formula, i LBe load current, i Pa, i PbAnd i PcBe respectively the three-phase current of the system that is injected into from Hyrbrid UPQC.
Under the full remuneration situation, public electric wire net is that the electric current on the former limit of traction transformer is one with three-phase equilibrium and power factor, and at this moment primary current can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0000139696940000067
In this case, public electric wire net only provides the active power of electric iron load, and this power can be expressed as:
P S＝3V AI.
Suppose the loss of not considering traction transformer, load power equals system side power output, i.e. P S=P LAnd
Figure BDA0000139696940000071
Wherein K is the no-load voltage ratio of traction transformer, and under the full remuneration, the current effective value of public electric wire net can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0000139696940000072
Suppose that the harmonic wave in all load currents all is compensated at the secondary side of traction transformer, promptly do not flow through harmonic current in the traction transformer, the offset current that Hybrid UPQC injects can be expressed as:
i pa i pb i pc = i L 0 - i L - K i A i B i C .
Based on the analysis of front, offset current can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0000139696940000074
Wherein offset current is broken down into and draws parallel, the vertical component harmonic component of net supply power voltage.
Supply power voltage V when the traction net Sup plyWhen selecting 27.5kV, setting the rectification adverser direct voltage is 28kV.In solution before, total dc voltage of rectification adverser must be higher than the amplitude of traction transformer secondary side voltage, calculates its direct voltage with this example and must be not less than 39kV.
Inductance capacitance resonance in the capacitive reactances that the load side current transformer connects in this example is in 5 subharmonic, and the no-load voltage ratio of the step-up transformer of unloaded side converter connecting system is 1: 1.4.
Instance two: Hybrid UPQC is in the cophase supply system based on single-phase transformer
This example is basic identical with embodiment one; Different is that traction substation has adopted single-phase transformer to be the power supply of traction net; The load side current transformer of Hybrid UPQC still inserts the traction net, and unloaded side converter then passes through between other two phases of step-up transformer connecting system, and is as shown in Figure 7.Suppose that traction substation inserts the public electric wire net of 110kV, the setting inverter direct-current voltage is 28kV, and the inductance capacitance resonance in the capacitive reactances is in 5 subharmonic, and the no-load voltage ratio of the step-up transformer of unloaded side converter connecting system was revised as 1: 5.5.

Claims (6)

1. a single-phase electric energy quality controller that is used for the electrified railway power supply system is characterized in that, comprising: load side current transformer, unloaded side converter, direct current unit, capacitive reactances and step-up transformer; Load side current transformer and unloaded side converter are formed the rectification adverser of " back-to-back " through direct current elements exchange energy; The load side current transformer connects capacitive reactances, and unloaded side converter links to each other with step-up transformer.
2. the single-phase electric energy quality controller that is used for the electrified railway power supply system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said capacitive reactances comprises a group capacitor and one group of reactor; Under the system works frequency, it is capacitive that capacitor adds the reactor total impedance.
3. the single-phase electric energy quality controller that is used for the electrified railway power supply system according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said capacitive reactances satisfies under the nominal load situation at the resistance value under the system works frequency, and the operating frequency component of load side current transformer output voltage and the operating frequency component of offset current are equidirectional.
4. the single-phase electric energy quality controller that is used for the electrified railway power supply system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: inductance capacitance series arm resonance is at certain once main harmonic wave of traction load electric current.
5. the single-phase electric energy quality controller that is used for the electrified railway power supply system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described certain once main harmonic wave is selected 3 times, 5 times or 7 times.
6. according to any described single-phase electric energy quality controller that is used for the electrified railway power supply system of claim 1 to 5; It is characterized in that: said step-up transformer is single-phase isolation boosting transformer, and its no-load voltage ratio is the ratio of load side current transformer rated voltage and system voltage.
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CN103094903A (en) * 2013-01-30 2013-05-08 株洲变流技术国家工程研究中心有限公司 Engine-network resonance ground comprehensive treatment system
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US9122296B2 (en) 2012-08-22 2015-09-01 University Of Macau Adaptive DC-link voltage controlled LC coupling hybrid active power filters for reactive power compensation
CN105128703A (en) * 2015-09-28 2015-12-09 西南交通大学 Method for determining traction network resonance frequency of AT (auto-transformer) complex-line power supply system
CN106451485A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-22 上海天晋电气科技有限公司 Comprehensive control device for power quality of transformer of electrified railway traction substation
CN107732930A (en) * 2017-11-01 2018-02-23 西南交通大学 A kind of multi-functional converter system suitable for metro traction power system
CZ307731B6 (en) * 2017-05-22 2019-04-03 ELEKTROTECHNIKA, a.s. Circuit board arrangement of a power station of a traction line
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CN111509708A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-08-07 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Low-voltage single-phase power supply conversion device and method

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9122296B2 (en) 2012-08-22 2015-09-01 University Of Macau Adaptive DC-link voltage controlled LC coupling hybrid active power filters for reactive power compensation
CN103094903A (en) * 2013-01-30 2013-05-08 株洲变流技术国家工程研究中心有限公司 Engine-network resonance ground comprehensive treatment system
CN104767394A (en) * 2015-04-16 2015-07-08 西南交通大学 Single-phase half-bridge multi-level AC-DC-AC convertor
CN105128703A (en) * 2015-09-28 2015-12-09 西南交通大学 Method for determining traction network resonance frequency of AT (auto-transformer) complex-line power supply system
CN106451485A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-22 上海天晋电气科技有限公司 Comprehensive control device for power quality of transformer of electrified railway traction substation
CZ307731B6 (en) * 2017-05-22 2019-04-03 ELEKTROTECHNIKA, a.s. Circuit board arrangement of a power station of a traction line
CN107732930A (en) * 2017-11-01 2018-02-23 西南交通大学 A kind of multi-functional converter system suitable for metro traction power system
CN107732930B (en) * 2017-11-01 2021-06-08 西南交通大学 Multifunctional converter system suitable for subway traction power supply system
CN109672194A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-04-23 成都署信科技有限公司 A kind of single-phase ac power supply system
CN111509708A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-08-07 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Low-voltage single-phase power supply conversion device and method

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