CN102608483A - Direction diagnosing system of grounded fault of small current grounded distribution system - Google Patents
Direction diagnosing system of grounded fault of small current grounded distribution system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direction diagnosing system of grounded fault of a small current grounded distribution system, which adopts a high voltage electric display HS connected on a switch to replace a zero sequence voltage transformer PT to detect a capacitive voltage U. For the small current grounded distribution system, based on the capacitive voltage U, when one-phase ground fault occurs at the load side, the zero sequence current I0 leads the capacitive voltage U with the leading angle theta2 being 0-180 degrees; when single-phase ground fault occurs at the power supply side, the zero sequence current I0 lags behind the capacitive voltage U with the lag angle theta1 being 0-90 degrees. Therefore, by extraction and treatment of steady component of ground fault of a feed line, the capacitive voltage U and zero sequence current I0 when the system faults is further detected to judge the direction of one-phase ground fault. The ground fault direction signal picked up by the ground fault direction diagnosing system provided by the invention can inform a controller of a power distribution station so that the controller acts correspondingly to the benefit of protecting the power distribution system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of small current neutral grounding distribution system, more particularly say, be meant a kind ofly be applicable to isolated neutral, resistance grounded, through the earthing fault direction diagnostic system of the distribution system of grounding through arc.
Background technology
The electric system neutral grounding mode is divided into two big types: big electric current ground connection and small current neutral grounding.
Big electric current earthing mode is neutral-point solid ground or through the mode of low resistance grounding.Be characterized in system's generation earth fault; Particularly during singlephase earth fault, non-fault phase-to-ground voltage does not raise, but ground connection phase fault electric current is bigger; All can cause bigger dangerous and interference to electric system itself and to contiguous order wire and signal wire, so the necessary faulty component of excision rapidly.Big electric current earthing mode is mainly used in 110KV and above electrical power trans mission/distribution system.
The neutral point of China 3～66KV medium voltage network is general to be adopted earth-free or through the mode of grounding through arc, when singlephase earth fault took place, the electric current that flows through the trouble spot was very little, so be called low current neutral grounding electric network.The probability of small current neutral grounding system generation singlephase earth fault is the highest, and power supply at this moment still can guarantee the symmetry of line voltage, and fault current is less, does not influence the power supply continuously of loading, so needn't trip immediately, the rules regulation can continue to move 1～2h.But along with increasing of feeder line, capacitance current is also increasing, and long-play just is prone to make fault to be expanded into or multipoint earthing short circuit at 2; Arc grounding also can cause the total system superpotential; And then damage equipment, destroy system safety operation, so must in time find faulty line to excise.
Singlephase earth fault accounts for more than 80% of low current neutral grounding system fault, and this moment the stable state ground current amplitude less, resonant earthed system is all the more so, has increased no small difficulty to fault judgement.The detection and the reliable recognition of singlephase earth fault never are solved.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of earthing fault direction diagnostic system of small current neutral grounding distribution system; This system is based on feeder line earth fault steady-state component; Extract capacitive voltage and zero-sequence current; To analyzing and comparison of capacitive voltage, zero-sequence current, extract the phase relation of capacitive voltage and zero-sequence current; In the small current neutral grounding distribution system, adopt high-voltage charge display device to substitute zero sequential potential transformer, only need to extract capacitive voltage and system's zero-sequence current of high-voltage charge display device, can judge the earthing fault direction place.The earthing fault direction signal that earthing fault direction diagnostic system of the present invention picks up out can be notified the controller of distribution substation, and makes corresponding action by controller, helps protecting distribution system.
The earthing fault direction diagnostic system of a kind of small current neutral grounding distribution system of the present invention; Adopted high-voltage charge display device HS to substitute zero sequential potential transformer PT; Said high-voltage charge display device HS is connected the mains side of three-phase supply, perhaps is connected the load side of three-phase supply; Said high-voltage charge display device HS includes the first capacitive transducer C7, the second capacitive transducer C8, the 3rd capacitive transducer C9, the first equivalent resistance R4, the second equivalent resistance R5, C grade effect resistance R 6; The electric capacity of the first capacitive transducer C1 is designated as DC
1, the second capacitive transducer C2 electric capacity be designated as DC
2, the 3rd capacitive transducer C3 electric capacity be designated as DC
3, and DC
1=DC
2=DC
3The resistance of the first equivalent resistance R4 is designated as DR
4, the second equivalent resistance R5 resistance be designated as DR
5, the C grade resistance of imitating resistance R 6 is designated as DR
6, and DR
4=DR
5=DR
6
The diagnostic method of the earthing fault direction diagnostic system of described small current neutral grounding distribution system includes following diagnosis algorithm:
Diagnosis algorithm one: gather the capacitive voltage U on the resistance R 0;
Diagnosis algorithm two: gather zero sequence current mutual inductor ZCT and go up detected zero-sequence current I
0
Diagnosis algorithm three: capacitive voltage U carries out Filtering Processing through first low-pass filter 11, and the filtering high fdrequency component obtains the sinusoidal signal DU of 50Hz;
Zero-sequence current I
0Carry out Filtering Processing through second low-pass filter 21, the filtering high fdrequency component obtains the sinusoidal signal DI of 50Hz
0
Diagnosis algorithm four: sinusoidal signal DU carries out the zero passage comparison process through first zero-crossing comparator 12, obtains the square-wave signal SU of 50Hz;
Sinusoidal signal DI
0Carry out the zero passage comparison process through second zero-crossing comparator 22, obtain the square-wave signal SI of 50Hz
0
Diagnosis algorithm five: square-wave signal SU and square-wave signal SI
0Carry out the lead-lag phase-detection through single-chip microcomputer 13 and handle, obtain earthing fault direction.
The advantage of the earthing fault direction diagnostic system of small current neutral grounding distribution system of the present invention is:
1. adopt high-voltage charge display device to substitute zero sequential potential transformer, only need to extract capacitive voltage and system's zero-sequence current of high-voltage charge display device, can judge the earthing fault direction place.
2. the electrification in high voltage of the present invention's design shows that device HS has a plurality of equivalent branch roads most, is capacity current I with the phase current phasor sum on the equivalent branch road, and said capacity current I converts capacitive voltage U to through little current transformer MCT and resistance R 0.This conversion regime can make things convenient for the single-phase earthing fault direction diagnosis.
3. the present invention can be connected high-voltage charge display device HS the mains side of three-phase supply, also can be connected the load side of three-phase supply, and this helps the installation of small current neutral grounding distribution system, and volume is little, and cost is low.
4. utilize single-chip microcomputer to carry out phase-detection, just can draw earthing fault direction, this kind detection means novelty, reliable, accurate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the detection schematic diagram of traditional small current neutral grounding distribution system.
Fig. 2 is the small current neutral grounding distribution system structural drawing that high-voltage charge display device HS of the present invention is connected the three-phase supply load side.
Fig. 2 A is the small current neutral grounding distribution system structural drawing that high-voltage charge display device HS of the present invention is connected the three-phase supply mains side.
Fig. 2 B is the structural drawing of mesohigh electrification display HS of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the input schematic diagram of the earthing fault direction diagnosis of small current neutral grounding distribution system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of the earthing fault direction diagnosis of small current neutral grounding distribution system of the present invention.
When being mains side generation singlephase earth fault, adopts Fig. 4 A the detected phasor graph of diagnostic method of the present invention.
When being load side generation singlephase earth fault, adopts Fig. 4 B the detected phasor graph of diagnostic method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to shown in Figure 1, the A road output voltage of three-phase supply is designated as V among the figure
a, the B road output voltage of three-phase supply is designated as V
b, the C road output voltage of three-phase supply is designated as V
cZCT is zero sequence current mutual inductor (model of selecting for use Baoding Electric Applicance Co., Ltd of many nations to produce is the ZB-LJ-120 current transformer), and the detected zero-sequence current of ZCT is designated as I
0The A road load of three-phase supply is designated as R
1, the B road load of three-phase supply is designated as R
2, the C road load of three-phase supply is designated as R
3The neutral point of three-phase supply is through arc suppression coil L ground connection; The A road of mains side distributed capacitance over the ground is designated as C
1, capacitor C
1Electric capacity be designated as AC
1, the B road of mains side distributed capacitance over the ground is designated as C
2, capacitor C
2Electric capacity be designated as AC
2, the C road of mains side distributed capacitance over the ground is designated as C
3, capacitor C
3Electric capacity be designated as AC
3, and AC
1=AC
2=AC
3The A road of load side distributed capacitance over the ground is designated as C
4, capacitor C
4Electric capacity be designated as AC
4, the B road of load side distributed capacitance over the ground is designated as C
5, capacitor C
5Electric capacity be designated as AC
5, the C road of load side distributed capacitance over the ground is designated as C
6, capacitor C
6Electric capacity be designated as AC
6, and AC
4=AC
5=AC
6PT is zero sequential potential transformer (model of selecting for use China to go up group's production forever is the JDZ-10 voltage transformer (VT)), the detected voltage note of PT V
0Zero sequential potential transformer PT has the shortcoming that weight is big, volume is big, cost is high in traditional small current neutral grounding distribution system as shown in Figure 1, substitutes zero sequential potential transformer PT for the diagnosis the present invention who is grounded fault direction has adopted high-voltage charge display device.
Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 A; In the present invention, adopted high-voltage charge display device HS to substitute zero sequential potential transformer PT, said high-voltage charge display device HS can be connected the mains side of three-phase supply; Also can be connected the load side of three-phase supply, realize the dirigibility of mounting means.Because in real system, in showing the electrification in high voltage state, itself just is connected on the electrical network high-voltage charge display device HS at switch use; If take out signal from high-voltage charge display device HS; Realize the function of zero sequential potential transformer PT, so just do not have extra expenditure, total cost reduces greatly; Volume also can greatly reduce, and in real system, has very strong popularizing value.
In the present invention; The concrete structure of high-voltage charge display device HS is shown in Fig. 2 B, and high-voltage charge display device HS includes the first capacitive transducer C7, the second capacitive transducer C8, the 3rd capacitive transducer C9, the first equivalent resistance R4, the second equivalent resistance R5, C grade effect resistance R 6; The electric capacity of the first capacitive transducer C1 is designated as DC
1, the second capacitive transducer C2 electric capacity be designated as DC
2, the 3rd capacitive transducer C3 electric capacity be designated as DC
3, and DC
1=DC
2=DC
3The resistance of the first equivalent resistance R4 is designated as DR
4, the second equivalent resistance R5 resistance be designated as DR
5, the C grade resistance of imitating resistance R 6 is designated as DR
6, DR
4=DR
5=DR
6
The end of the first capacitive transducer C7 is connected with the A road of three-phase supply, and the other end of the first capacitive transducer C7 is connected with the end of the first equivalent resistance R4, the other end ground connection of the first equivalent resistance R4; Said first capacitive transducer C7 and the said first equivalent resistance R4 constitute the first equivalent branch road; The electric current that flows into the first equivalent branch road from the A road of three-phase supply is designated as Ia, abbreviates the first electric current I a as.
The end of the second capacitive transducer C8 is connected with the B road of three-phase supply, and the other end of the second capacitive transducer C8 is connected with the end of the second equivalent resistance R5, the other end ground connection of the second equivalent resistance R5; Said second capacitive transducer C8 and the said second equivalent resistance R5 constitute the second equivalent branch road; The electric current that flows into the second equivalent branch road from the B road of three-phase supply is designated as Ib, abbreviates second current Ib as.
The end of the 3rd capacitive transducer C9 is connected with the C road of three-phase supply, and the other end of the 3rd capacitive transducer C9 is connected with the end that C grade is imitated resistance R 6, and C grade is imitated the other end ground connection of resistance R 6.Said the 3rd capacitive transducer C9 and said C grade are imitated resistance R 6 and are constituted C grade effect branch road; The electric current of imitating branch road from the C road inflow C grade of three-phase supply is designated as Ic, abbreviates the 3rd electric current I c as.
In the present invention, the residual voltage of three-phase supply is designated as U
0, the phasor of the first electric current I a, second current Ib and the 3rd electric current I c and be designated as the electric current I that residual voltage produces is also referred to as capacity current I, i.e. I=Ia+Ib+Ic.Said capacity current I and residual voltage U
0Relation be I=j ω DC
nU
0, j representes imaginary unit, ω representes angular frequency (value 100 π rad/s), DC
nThe electric capacity of the capacitive transducer in the expression high-voltage charge display device on each equivalent branch road, n is the sign of the equivalent branch road chosen, if the first equivalent branch road, then said capacity current I and residual voltage U
0Relation be I=j ω DC
1U
0In like manner, if the second equivalent branch road, then said capacity current I and residual voltage U
0Relation be I=j ω DC
2U
0If C grade is imitated branch road, then said capacity current I and residual voltage U
0Relation be I=j ω DC
3U
0Be through detecting the residual voltage U that said capacity current I obtains the small current neutral grounding distribution system in the present invention
0.
Referring to shown in Figure 3; In order to realize detection to capacity current I; The present invention adopts little current transformer MCT (model of selecting for use the Wuxi moral to contain the production of mutual inductor company limited is the little current transformer of SPT204) and resistance R 0 connected mode; The secondary that is little current transformer MCT is connected with resistance R 0, and the former limit of little current transformer MCT is serially connected on the earth terminal of high-voltage charge display device HS.Little current transformer MCT is used to detect capacity current I, and resistance R 0 can convert capacity current I to capacitive voltage U.
Referring to shown in Figure 4, when singlephase earth fault appears in the small current neutral grounding distribution system, adopt the earthing fault direction diagnostic system of the small current neutral grounding distribution system of the present invention's design to diagnose, concrete diagnosis algorithm is following:
Diagnosis algorithm one: gather the capacitive voltage U on the resistance R 0;
Diagnosis algorithm two: gather zero sequence current mutual inductor ZCT and go up detected zero-sequence current I
0
Diagnosis algorithm three: capacitive voltage U carries out Filtering Processing through first low-pass filter 11, and the filtering high fdrequency component obtains the sinusoidal signal DU of 50Hz;
Zero-sequence current I
0Carry out Filtering Processing through second low-pass filter 21, the filtering high fdrequency component obtains the sinusoidal signal DI of 50Hz
0
Diagnosis algorithm four: sinusoidal signal DU carries out the zero passage comparison process through first zero-crossing comparator 12, obtains the square-wave signal SU of 50Hz;
Sinusoidal signal DI
0Carry out the zero passage comparison process through second zero-crossing comparator 22, obtain the square-wave signal SI of 50Hz
0
Diagnosis algorithm five: square-wave signal SU and square-wave signal SI
0Carry out the lead-lag phase-detection through single-chip microcomputer 13 and handle, obtain earthing fault direction;
Said lead-lag phase-detection is meant that the rising edge of square-wave signal SU triggers the break in service in the single-chip microcomputer 13, detects square-wave signal SI in said break in service
0Level; If square-wave signal SI
0Level when being low level, single-chip microcomputer 13 out-put supply side singlephase earth fault signals then; If square-wave signal SI
0Level when being high level, single-chip microcomputer 13 output load side singlephase earth fault signals then.
His phasor graph is shown in Fig. 4 A when the mains side singlephase earth fault, zero-sequence current I among the figure
0Lag behind the drag angle θ of capacitive voltage U
1=0 °～90 °.This moment for single-chip microcomputer 13, the rising edge of square-wave signal SU square-wave signal SI constantly
0Level be low level.In like manner, when the load side singlephase earth fault his phasor graph shown in Fig. 4 B, zero-sequence current I among the figure
0Be ahead of the lead angle θ of capacitive voltage U
2=0 °～180 °.This moment for single-chip microcomputer 13, the rising edge of square-wave signal SU square-wave signal SI constantly
0Level be high level.
In the present invention, for the small current neutral grounding distribution system, be benchmark with capacitive voltage U, during load side generation singlephase earth fault, zero-sequence current I
0Be ahead of capacitive voltage U, and lead angle θ
2=0 °～180 °; During mains side generation singlephase earth fault, zero-sequence current I
0Lag behind capacitive voltage U, and drag angle θ
1=0 °～90 °.Therefore, through extraction, processing to feeder line earth fault steady-state component, further capacitive voltage U and the zero-sequence current I during the detection system fault
0, just can judge the direction of singlephase earth fault.
Claims (3)
1. the earthing fault direction diagnostic system of a small current neutral grounding distribution system has adopted high-voltage charge display device HS to substitute zero sequential potential transformer PT; It is characterized in that: said high-voltage charge display device HS includes the first capacitive transducer C7, the second capacitive transducer C8, the 3rd capacitive transducer C9, the first equivalent resistance R4, the second equivalent resistance R5, C grade effect resistance R 6; The electric capacity of the first capacitive transducer C1 is designated as DC
1, the second capacitive transducer C2 electric capacity be designated as DC
2, the 3rd capacitive transducer C3 electric capacity be designated as DC
3, and DC
1=DC
2=DC
3The resistance of the first equivalent resistance R4 is designated as DR
4, the second equivalent resistance R5 resistance be designated as DR
5, the C grade resistance of imitating resistance R 6 is designated as DR
6, DR
4=DR
5=DR
6Said high-voltage charge display device HS is connected the mains side of three-phase supply, perhaps is connected the load side of three-phase supply.
2. the earthing fault direction diagnostic system of small current neutral grounding distribution system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the end of the first capacitive transducer C7 is connected with the A road of three-phase supply; The other end of the first capacitive transducer C7 is connected with the end of the first equivalent resistance R4, the other end ground connection of the first equivalent resistance R4; Said first capacitive transducer C7 and the said first equivalent resistance R4 constitute the first equivalent branch road; The electric current that flows into the first equivalent branch road from the A road of three-phase supply is the first electric current I a;
The end of the second capacitive transducer C8 is connected with the B road of three-phase supply, and the other end of the second capacitive transducer C8 is connected with the end of the second equivalent resistance R5, the other end ground connection of the second equivalent resistance R5; Said second capacitive transducer C8 and the said second equivalent resistance R5 constitute the second equivalent branch road; The electric current that flows into the second equivalent branch road from the B road of three-phase supply is second current Ib;
The end of the 3rd capacitive transducer C9 is connected with the C road of three-phase supply, and the other end of the 3rd capacitive transducer C9 is connected with the end that C grade is imitated resistance R 6, and C grade is imitated the other end ground connection of resistance R 6; Said the 3rd capacitive transducer C9 and said C grade are imitated resistance R 6 and are constituted C grade effect branch road; The electric current of imitating branch road from the C road inflow C grade of three-phase supply is the 3rd electric current I c;
The residual voltage of three-phase supply is designated as U
0, the phasor of the first electric current I a, second current Ib and the 3rd electric current I c and be called capacity current I, i.e. I=Ia+Ib+Ic; Said capacity current I and residual voltage U
0Relation be I=j ω DC
nU
0, j representes imaginary unit, ω representes angular frequency (value 100 π rad/s), DC
nThe electric capacity of the capacitive transducer in the expression high-voltage charge display device on each equivalent branch road, n is the sign of the equivalent branch road chosen.
3. according to the diagnostic method of the earthing fault direction diagnostic system of the described small current neutral grounding distribution system of claim 1, it is characterized in that including following diagnosis algorithm:
Diagnosis algorithm one: gather the capacitive voltage U on the resistance R 0;
Diagnosis algorithm two: gather zero sequence current mutual inductor ZCT and go up detected zero-sequence current I
0
Diagnosis algorithm three: capacitive voltage U carries out Filtering Processing through first low-pass filter 11, and the filtering high fdrequency component obtains the sinusoidal signal DU of 50Hz;
Zero-sequence current I
0Carry out Filtering Processing through second low-pass filter 21, the filtering high fdrequency component obtains the sinusoidal signal DI of 50Hz
0
Diagnosis algorithm four: sinusoidal signal DU carries out the zero passage comparison process through first zero-crossing comparator 12, obtains the square-wave signal SU of 50Hz;
Sinusoidal signal DI
0Carry out the zero passage comparison process through second zero-crossing comparator 22, obtain the square-wave signal SI of 50Hz
0
Diagnosis algorithm five: square-wave signal SU and square-wave signal SI
0Carry out the lead-lag phase-detection through single-chip microcomputer 13 and handle, obtain earthing fault direction;
Said lead-lag phase-detection is meant that the rising edge of square-wave signal SU triggers the break in service in the single-chip microcomputer 13, detects square-wave signal SI in said break in service
0Level; If square-wave signal SI
0Level when being low level, single-chip microcomputer 13 out-put supply side singlephase earth fault signals then; If square-wave signal SI
0Level when being high level, single-chip microcomputer 13 output load side singlephase earth fault signals then;
During mains side generation singlephase earth fault, zero-sequence current I
0Lag behind the drag angle θ of capacitive voltage U
1=0 °～90 °;
During load side generation singlephase earth fault, zero-sequence current I
0Be ahead of the lead angle θ of capacitive voltage U
2=0 °～180 °.
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| CN103163416A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-19 | 瑞安电力有限责任公司 | Method and device for detecting branch circuit single phase earth faults |
| CN103604991A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-26 | 国家电网公司 | Device and method for measuring bus voltage phase of capacitor voltage transformer |
| CN103728532A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-16 | 长园深瑞继保自动化有限公司 | Power distribution network single-phase grounding fault judging and locating method |
| CN103760465A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-04-30 | 泉州维盾电气有限公司 | Single-phase earth fault direction judgment and processing method of small current grounding system |
| CN103901322A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-02 | 国家电网公司 | Small current grounding fault defining method based on power frequency zero sequence voltage and power frequency zero sequence current of defining switch |
| CN104101812A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2014-10-15 | 北京映翰通网络技术股份有限公司 | Single-phase grounding fault detection and positioning method and system for low-current grounding power distribution network |
| CN104111403A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-10-22 | 杨庆申 | Microcomputer integrated protection line-selection method for low-current earthed power system |
| CN106872852A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-20 | 济南大学 | The multiple fault type diagnostic method of power distribution network single-phase disconnection ground connection based on residual voltage |
| CN112769108A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-07 | 珠海菲森电力科技有限公司 | Zero-sequence current protection dead zone elimination method for neutral point small resistance grounding system of power distribution network |
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