CN102607037A - Multistage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator and control method for same - Google Patents
Multistage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator and control method for same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102607037A CN102607037A CN2012100965886A CN201210096588A CN102607037A CN 102607037 A CN102607037 A CN 102607037A CN 2012100965886 A CN2012100965886 A CN 2012100965886A CN 201210096588 A CN201210096588 A CN 201210096588A CN 102607037 A CN102607037 A CN 102607037A
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- fire grate
- segment
- grate
- grate segment
- film
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
- F23G5/05—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying using drying grates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H17/00—Details of grates
- F23H17/08—Bearers; Frames; Spacers; Supports
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H17/00—Details of grates
- F23H17/12—Fire-bars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H3/00—Grates with hollow bars
- F23H3/02—Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
- F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
- F23H7/08—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G2205/10—Waste feed arrangements using ram or pusher
- F23G2205/101—Waste feed arrangements using ram or pusher sequentially operated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2207/00—Control
- F23G2207/30—Oxidant supply
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a multistage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator and a control method for the same. The multistage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator comprises a feeding port, a feeding fire grate, an incinerating fire grate, a primary air supply system and a secondary air supply system. The incinerating fire grate is longitudinally divided into five units, wherein the first unit, the second unit, the third unit and the fourth unit are standard units, the fifth unit is a tail end lengthened unit, each unit comprises a plurality of sliding fire grate segments, turning fire grate segments and fixed fire grate segments, and the incinerating fire grate is integrally and longitudinally divided into a drying section, a burning section and a burnout section by the five units. The multistage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator is characterized in that the fire grate segments in each row of the incinerating fire grate are transversely driven by a shaft and transversely supported by a steel frame at three positions at the least. By the aid of the multistage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator, the shortcomings of an existing garbage incinerator are improved, and burnout ratio of garbage incineration is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the burning of refuses such as rubbish, particularly a kind of multistage hydraulic mechanical type garbage incinerator and control method thereof.
Background technology
Waste incineration is to realize one of main path of waste reductionization, innoxious and recycling treatment.Waste incineration at present becomes the main path of garbage treatment gradually; Rubbish is through modern burning disposal, and volume generally can reduce 80%-90%, can eliminate various pathogen simultaneously; Harmful substance is converted into harmless object, can also realizes the utilization of resource.
Adopt of existing waste incineration has the mechanical type garbage incinerator that burns fire grate more, and said fire grate mainly comprises: forwards reciprocal grate, backstepping reciprocal grate, drum-type grate etc.Incinerator shown in Figure 1 is just for adopting a kind of incinerator of forwards reciprocal grate.As shown in Figure 1, said incinerator comprises charging aperture 1, feed fire grate 2, is positioned at the fire grate that is used for waste incineration 3 of burner hearth, is positioned at the wind air feed system 4, the secondary wind air feed system 5 that is positioned at furnace throat portion and the slag-drip opening 6 that burn the fire grate bottom.Burn the siege that fire grate integral body is configured for burning away the refuse; Said siege longitudinally is divided into dryer section, burning zone and after-flame section; Burn fire grate integral body and longitudinally be divided into 3 and burn unit, each burn unit by a plurality of slip fire grate segments, stir fire grate segment and fixed grate film is formed.Rubbish is poured said incinerator into from charging aperture; The said rubbish of reciprocal impetus through the feed fire grate gets on the siege in the said incinerator and burns; Dried, dewater at the said rubbish of said dryer section, said rubbish mainly burns at said burning zone, and the rubbish of process after-flame section has burnt totally; Remaining afterwards slag gets into slag-drip opening, is discharged out of the furnace by slag-drip opening.A wherein said wind is sent into from the air compartment of said burning fire grate bottom, the said rubbish that is used to burn, and said secondary wind is sent into from the furnace throat portion of said incinerator, is used for the fuel gas after-flame with burning back flue gas.The ratio of the combustible release heat of burning in the rubbish and the heat of the combustible in the former rubbish, promptly the rubbish burn-off rate is very important parameter index in the garbage incineration process.
Above-mentioned incinerator has following defective in practical application:
1) because above-mentioned fire grate is vertically to arrange on the whole, be made up of side by side 4 row fire grate unit at width, said fire grate laterally divides four sections drivings; Each unit is controlled by a group oil cylinder, and this just causes the space of leaving fluid pressure drive device in above-mentioned fire grate middle part, and this body structure of fire grate is compact; Space in the middle of this is less, has caused this position by the heat accumulation that passes out in the burner hearth, and temperature raises; According to operating experience, should locate temperature basically more than 100 ℃, and the oil pipe of existing incinerator discharge opeing hydraulic driver adopts the pipe joint syndeton more; Excessive temperature in two sections driving shaft joints, fire grate middle part can cause above-mentioned incinerator oil extraction cylinder sealing ring aging; Regular leakage of oil, even cause fire thus, difficulty is bigger in the operation.
2) trolley of giving of domestic waste incineration feed fire grate excessive dolly stuck normally pusher and the rollback of causing of dolly afterbody perk often occurring in the pusher process forward in the prior art; Need artificial chain block that dolly is retracted initial position, bring a lot of difficulties to production run.Simultaneously since in the prior art feed fire grate different with the width of burning fire grate, cause house refuse at fire grate skewness transversely, directly influenced the combustion efficiency of rubbish.
3) existing latter end waste incineration fire grate unit is too short, is difficult to satisfy under China's house refuse high-moisture condition as far as possible the requirement with the rubbish after-flame.
4) cooling effect of a wind of fire grate is relatively poor, and the friction between the fire grate is bigger, causes the fire grate segment serious wear, has influenced the life-span, but the replacement cost of above-mentioned fire grate is very high.
5) axial float often appears in the fire grate that stirs of conventional garbage incinerator, causes the pull bar fracture thus, stirs serious wear between fire grate segment and side wall fire grate segment, has a strong impact on production run.
6) because the present refuse classification work of China is also not good as western developed country is done, the kitchen excess is many in the therefore Chinese at present domestic waste, water content also than higher, calorific value is lower.Mostly the action that adds existing air feed system and fire grate is the manual adjustments of carrying out according to operations staff's experience; The experience shadow that receives subjective factor and operations staff is to big and can not adjust according to the variation of refuse thermal value timely; Cause the combustion efficiency of rubbish relatively poor, birth slag rate is higher.
7) stir fire grate segment dig 25 the degree after, do not have buffering during falling, bigger to the impact of support wheel.
8) burn wind charging temperature of fire grate and be designed to 180 ℃, according to the operating experience of moving garbage power plant, the moisture of rubbish is higher, especially in the winter time, the drying that the charging temperature of a wind is on the low side to be unfavorable for rubbish with grill thoroughly.
9) speed, stroke and the frequency of feed fire grate and slip fire grate are to control through bed of material pressure reduction, and owing to component of refuse, calorific value etc. all have than great fluctuation process, thereby this control method is unfavorable for the rubbish after-flame.
Therefore, be badly in need of a kind of novel incinerator and control method thereof, to solve the various deficiencies that exist in the conventional garbage incinerator.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of prior art, the invention provides a kind of multistage hydraulic mechanical type garbage incinerator and control method thereof, to improve the deficiency of conventional garbage incinerator, improve the burn-off rate of waste incineration.
The invention provides a kind of multistage hydraulic mechanical type garbage incinerator; Comprise charging aperture, feed fire grate, burn fire grate, wind supply system and secondary wind supply system; Said burning fire grate longitudinally is divided into five unit; Wherein Unit first to fourth is a standard block, and Unit the 5th is terminal lengthening unit, above-mentioned each unit all by several slip fire grate segments, stir fire grate segment, fixed grate film is formed; Said five unit are divided into dryer section, burning zone and after-flame section with said burning fire grate integral body along the rubbish moving direction; It is characterized in that the every grate furnace screening of said burning fire grate edge is laterally driven by an axle, and is supported at least three positions by steelframe in the horizontal.
Further, said steelframe comprises and is positioned at the support member that said burning fire grate both sides are used for fixing supporting driving shaft.
Further, the below of the burning fire grate between the said burning fire grate two side supports is provided with at least one intermediate support.
Further, said standard block is 5 grate furnace screening structures or 6 grate furnace screening structures.
Further; Said 5 grate furnace screening structures are stirred fire grate segment by two row's slip fire grate segments, two row's fixed grate films and a row and are formed, and it specifically puts in order to the fire grate segment that slides, stirs fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film or slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, stirs fire grate segment, fixed grate film.
Further; Said 6 grate furnace screening structures stir fire grate segment by two row's slip fire grate segments, two rows and two row's fixed grate films are formed, and it specifically puts in order to the fire grate segment that slides, stirs fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, stirs fire grate segment and fixed grate film.
Further, said end extends, and the unit stirs fire grate segment by four row's slip fire grate segments, a row and three row's fixed grate films are formed.
Further, fire grate segment is arranged by slip fire grate segment, the order of stirring fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment in the said terminal lengthening unit.
Further, said slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film and stir fire grate segment and be provided with dust block board.
Further, said fixed grate film and slip fire grate segment are provided with the elastic wear-resisting scraper plate.
Further, the said fire grate segment that stirs is made up of combined type fire grate segment up and down, and the combined type fire grate segment comprises upper cover plate and the fire grate segment main body that supports this upper cover plate up and down.
Further, said fire grate segment main body comprises rotates end and support end, and wherein, the support end of said fire grate segment main body is provided with pin shaft hole, and the rotation end of said fire grate segment main body is provided with elbow.
Further, said upper cover plate comprises rotating to be held and support end, and wherein, the support end of said upper cover plate is provided with the bearing pin groove corresponding with said pin shaft hole, and the rotation end of said upper cover plate is provided with the cutting ferrule corresponding with said elbow.
Further, said bearing pin groove is connected through bearing pin with pin shaft hole, is used for fixing the support end of said combined type fire grate segment.
Further, the mutual interlock of said cutting ferrule and elbow is used for fixing the rotation end of said combined type fire grate segment.
Further, said cutting ferrule is the hook that the rotation end tail down bending of upper cover plate forms.Further, said hook is
font.
Further, said elbow is to be arranged at the projection piece that the fire grate segment main body is rotated end, and said projection piece lower end is provided with groove.
Further, be equipped with floor with the faying face inboard of upper cover plate on the said fire grate segment main body.
Further, said fire grate segment main body is provided with seam.
Further, comprise also and stir roller structure that the said roller below stirred has at least 2 and is used to support the support member that this stirs roller.
Further, said support member is for supporting support roller.
Further, said support roller adopts resistant to elevated temperatures roller bearing.
Further, the said roller that stirs is made up of a part of rotating macro-axis.
Further, said rotation macro-axis is used for supporting and fire grate segment is stirred in driving.
Further, having to trolley afterbody upper surface of said feed fire grate is used to limit the spacing bracing or strutting arrangement that moves up to trolley.
Further; Said spacing bracing or strutting arrangement comprises and being fixed on to the bracing frame on the trolley, scroll wheel and rolling shaft; The support frame as described above top has groove, and said scroll wheel is fixed in the said groove through rolling shaft, and scroll wheel can freely roll in said groove.
Further, the height of said spacing bracing or strutting arrangement is lower than the cover plate supporting traverse to the trolley top.
Further, the number of said spacing bracing or strutting arrangement is one or more.
Further, the width of said feed fire grate is identical with the width of said burning fire grate.
Further, the dual-side at fire grate also is provided with cooling chamber.
Further, the oil pipe that drives the fluid pressure drive device of fire grate segment adopts stainless steel sleeve pipe Welding Structure.
Further, said fixed grate film is provided with the thermocouple that is used for thermometric.
Further, for last row's fixed grate film in the end lengthening unit, second fire grate segment from the left side whenever is provided with a thermocouple at a distance from a fire grate segment; For first module to the Unit four with stir row's fixed grate film that fire grate segment closes on, the 3rd fire grate segment from the left side whenever is provided with a thermocouple at a distance from 4 fire grate segments.
The present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned Control of Waste Incinerators method; Comprise control method to air feed system and/or fire grate segment; The control method of wherein said fire grate segment comprises, according to the step of grate length and/or terminal fixed grate film temperature adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency.
Further, said step according to grate length adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency comprises: established standards grate length is L
0Measuring actual grate length is L; Calculate grate length difference Δ L=|L-L
0|; At least one of adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency so that Δ L is minimum.
Further, said step according to terminal fixed grate film temperature adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency comprises: setting terminal fixed grate film normal temperature is T
1 0Measuring terminal fixed grate film actual temperature is T
1Calculate terminal fixed grate film temperature gap Δ T
1=| T
1-T
1 0|; At least one of adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency so that Δ T
1Minimum.The measurement of said terminal fixed grate film temperature is to realize through a plurality of thermocouples that are set on the said terminal fixed grate film.Said terminal fixed grate film actual temperature T
1Mean value for a plurality of points for measuring temperature in said terminal fixed grate film place.
The present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned Control of Waste Incinerators method; Comprise control method to air feed system and/or fire grate segment; The control method of wherein said fire grate segment comprises, stirs the set-up procedure of frequency of fire grate segment according to grate height and/or the adjustment of fixed grate film temperature.
Further, the set-up procedure of stirring frequency of stirring fire grate segment according to the grate height adjustment comprises: established standards grate height is H
0Measuring actual grate height is H; Calculate grate height difference Δ H=|H-H
0|; What fire grate segment was stirred in adjustment stirs frequency so that Δ H is minimum.
Further, the set-up procedure of stirring frequency of stirring fire grate segment according to fixed grate film temperature adjustment comprises: setting the fixed grate film normal temperature is T
2 0Measuring this fixed grate film actual temperature is T
2Calculate this fixed grate film temperature gap Δ T
2=| T
2-T
2 0|; That adjusts that a row that this fixed grate film closes on stirs fire grate segment stirs frequency so that Δ T
2Minimum.The measurement of said fixed grate film temperature is to realize through a plurality of thermocouples that are set on the said fixed grate film.This fixed grate film actual temperature T
2Mean value for a plurality of points for measuring temperature in said fixed grate film place.
Further, the control method of stirring of stirring fire grate segment is included in the said fire grate segment that stirs and digs the back and fallen after rise fast to 4 degree by 25 degree, cushions through hydraulic oil, falls after rise to original position at a slow speed again.
The present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned Control of Waste Incinerators method; Comprise control method to air feed system and/or fire grate segment; Wherein said air feed system is used for wind of supply and secondary wind in said incinerator, and the control method of wherein said air feed system comprises the step according to a combustor exit flue-gas temperature adjustment primary air flow and/or a wind-warm syndrome.
Further, said step according to a combustor exit flue-gas temperature adjustment primary air flow and/or a wind-warm syndrome comprises: setting combustor exit standard flue-gas temperature is T
3 0Measure the actual flue-gas temperature T of combustor exit
3Calculate combustor exit flue-gas temperature difference DELTA T
3=| T
3-T
3 0|; At least one of an adjustment primary air flow and a wind-warm syndrome so that Δ T
3Minimum.The actual flue-gas temperature T of said combustor exit
3Mean value for a plurality of points for measuring temperature in said combustor exit place.
Further, the charging temperature of a said wind is 220 ℃.
The present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned Control of Waste Incinerators method; Comprise control method to air feed system and/or fire grate segment; Wherein said air feed system is used for wind of supply and secondary wind in said incinerator, and the control method of wherein said air feed system comprises the step according to flue gas temperature of hearth outlet and/or furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content adjustment secondary air flow.
Further, said step according to flue gas temperature of hearth outlet adjustment secondary air flow comprises: setting furnace outlet standard flue-gas temperature is T
4 0Measure the actual flue-gas temperature T of furnace outlet
4Calculate flue gas temperature of hearth outlet difference DELTA T
4=| T
4-T
4 0|; The adjustment secondary air flow is so that Δ T
4Minimum.The actual flue-gas temperature T of said furnace outlet
4Mean value for a plurality of points for measuring temperature in said furnace outlet place.
Further, said step according to furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content adjustment secondary air flow comprises: setting furnace outlet flue gas standard oxygen content is O
0Measure furnace outlet flue gas actual oxygen content O; Calculate furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content difference DELTA O=|O-O
0|; The adjustment secondary air flow is so that Δ O is minimum.Said furnace outlet flue gas actual oxygen content O is the mean value of a plurality of test points in said furnace outlet place.
The invention solves the technical problem that above-mentioned fire grate garbage incinerator exists; A kind of incinerator grate furnace that is more suitable for Chinese house refuse characteristics is provided; And adopt more rational air feed and fire grate to control scheme, feasible efficient, the stable operation of garbage incinerating power plant of adopting this grate furnace and control scheme.The present invention has the following advantages:
1, because fire grate integral body longitudinally (direction of advance in incinerator of house refuse) be divided into five unit, for drying, burning and the after-flame of rubbish provides enough room and times, can significantly improve the combustion position of rubbish, improve the burn-off rate of rubbish; Every grate furnace screening is laterally driven by an axle and carries out the distortion that supported at three point at least can be controlled the potential leakage of oil point of hydraulic system and driving shaft, fire grate in both sides and centre position, thus make operation more stable, reliably improve combustion efficiency simultaneously; The hydraulic oil pipeline that drives fire grate segment adopts the soldering oil pipeline, and such design can be avoided because temperature is too high, and incinerator oil extraction cylinder sealing ring is aging; Regular leakage of oil; Cause the possibility of fire thus, because fire grate integral body is modular construction, installation rate is fast, precision is high.
2, owing to stay rational gap between spacing support wheel and the cover plate; The feed fire grate is in the process of advancing like this; Upwards the displacement of direction is limited in the very little scope by roller; Effectively guaranteed of the orbit even running of feed fire grate, can not squint and stuck phenomenon, efficiently solved the problem of often derailing to trolley by design.Simultaneously, the feed fire grate is identical with the width that burns fire grate, makes the incinerator horizontal row rubbish that makes progress distribute more evenly, and it is more abundant to burn.
3, owing to the lengthening of terminal rubbish fire grate, the time of staying of rubbish in incinerator prolongs, thereby improved the burn-off rate of house refuse.
4, because will stir fire grate segment separated into two parts (upper cover plate with stir fire grate segment support); In actual use, even worn and torn upper cover plate, can directly upper cover plate be changed; Stir the fire grate support and need not change; Avoid the defective that needs whole fire grate segment to change in the prior art, practiced thrift cost, reduced spillage of material, reduced operating cost; Owing to stir roller by two or more supports support; The whole roller intermediate supports of stirring has been become more than 2 by a bit; Effectively decomposed the stressed of support roller; Guarantee that the bearing in the support roller can not damage in long-time running, and effectively limited the amount of deflection of rotating macro-axis, prolonged the service life of rotating macro-axis.This support roller adopts resistant to elevated temperatures roller bearing, promptly satisfies the heavy-duty service that the environment for use of burning furnace high-temperature has satisfied incinerator again, and this bearing has the function of automatic centering aligning again, the applying working condition in very suitable this incinerator; Owing to dig the back and fall after rise to 21 degree stirring fire grate segment by 25 degree, cushion through hydraulic oil, reduced impact to support wheel, prolonged the life-span of support wheel; Because slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film and stir fire grate segment and all be provided with dust block board, the leakage ash of minimizing fire grate that can maximum possible; Owing to be provided with the elastic wear-resisting scraping blade,, improved service life facing almost not friction between the two grate furnace sheets mutually; The fire grate assembly is a modular construction, and installation accuracy is high, and installation rate is fast, and cost is lower.
5, because the combustor exit flue-gas temperature has been reacted the combustion position of rubbish on the fire grate; If the incineration firing situation above the higher explanation fire grate of flue-gas temperature is better; Therefore otherwise combustion position is not good, can improve the combustion position of rubbish on the fire grate to wind adjustment according to the combustor exit flue-gas temperature.Can significantly improve the combustion position of volatile matter according to furnace outlet flue gas content and oxygen content to secondary wind adjustment, reduce the discharging of pollutants such as CO.In a wind supply system design of incinerator, the charging temperature of a wind is brought up to 220 ℃, it is more abundant that incineration firing is got, and burn-off rate is higher.
6, because grate length and highly reacted the combustion position of house refuse in the incinerator, therefore according to grate length with highly fire grate is controlled the rubbish that can make incinerator and be in good combustion position all the time; The temperature of fire grate segment has also been reacted the combustion position of rubbish in the incinerator in addition, therefore according to the temperature of fire grate segment to feed fire grate, the fire grate and stir fire grate adjustment of sliding, also can make the house refuse in the stove be in good combustion position all the time.
Description of drawings
Attached drawings of the present invention is used to understand the present invention at this as a part of the present invention.Embodiments of the invention and description thereof have been shown in the accompanying drawing, have been used for explaining principle of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of incinerator in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is a waste incineration fire grate integral arrangement sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 3 ranked first the cellular construction sketch map for incinerator of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the terminal lengthening of a waste incineration fire grate of the present invention cell schematics;
Fig. 5 is the whole bracing structure sketch map of waste incineration fire grate of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a feed fire grate sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a slip fire grate segment sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a fixed grate film sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 9 stirs fire grate segment overall structure sketch map for combined type up and down of the present invention;
Figure 10 stirs the assembly sketch map of fire grate segment for combined type up and down of the present invention;
Figure 11 stirs the roller sketch map for what double supporting wheel of the present invention supported;
Figure 12 fire grate thermocouple of the present invention is arranged sketch map;
Figure 13 is the arrangement sketch map of thermocouple on the fixed grate film of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
In the description hereinafter, a large amount of concrete details have been provided so that more thorough understanding of the invention is provided.Yet, it is obvious to the skilled person that the present invention can need not one or more these details and be able to enforcement.In other example,, describe for technical characterictics more well known in the art for fear of obscuring with the present invention.
In order thoroughly to understand the present invention; To in following description, detailed steps be proposed; So that multistage hydraulic mechanical type garbage incinerator and control method thereof that explaination the present invention proposes are obvious, execution of the present invention is not limited to the specific details that those skilled in the art has the knack of.Preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail as follows, yet except these were described in detail, the present invention can also have other embodiments.
Should be understood that; When using a technical term " comprising " and/or " comprising " in this manual; It indicates and has said characteristic, integral body, step, operation, element and/or assembly, does not exist or additional one or more other characteristics, integral body, step, operation, element, assembly and/or their combination but do not get rid of.
The present invention provides a kind of novel multistage hydraulic mechanical type garbage incinerator structure, and said incinerator comprises charging aperture, feed fire grate, burns fire grate, wind supply system and secondary wind supply system.Said burning fire grate as shown in Figure 2 longitudinally is divided into five unit 2,3,4,5,6, and wherein Unit first to fourth is a standard block, and the 5th unit 6 is terminal lengthening unit.Said standard block is 5 grate furnace screening structures or 6 grate furnace screening structures.Said 5 grate furnace screening structures are stirred fire grate segment by two row's slip fire grate segments, two row's fixed grate films and a row and are formed, and it specifically puts in order to the fire grate segment that slides, stirs fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film or slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, stirs fire grate segment, fixed grate film.Said 6 grate furnace screening structures stir fire grate segment by two row's slip fire grate segments, two rows and two row's fixed grate films are formed, and it specifically puts in order to the fire grate segment that slides, stirs fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, stirs fire grate segment and fixed grate film.Said standard block as shown in Figure 3 stirs fire grate segment by two row's slip fire grate segments, two rows and two row's fixed grate films are formed, wherein Reference numeral 1 for feed fire grate interface fixed grate film, 2 for interface fixed grate scraper plate, 3 for side wall, 4 for fixed grate film, 5 for slip fire grate segment, 6 be that scraper plate, 8 is the fire grate supporter for stirring fire grate segment, 7.Above-mentioned slip fire grate segment is used to vertically move said rubbish; The said fire grate segment that stirs is used in the vertical direction and stirs rubbish; So that rubbish fully burns; Fire grate segment in wherein above-mentioned each unit can have multiple arrangement mode, the fire grate segment that the most commonly slides, stirs fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, stirs the arrangement mode of fire grate segment, fixed grate film.Said terminal lengthening as shown in Figure 4 unit by four row's slip fire grate segments 1, a row stirs fire grate segment 2 and three row's fixed grate films 3 are formed.It specifically puts in order to the fire grate segment that slides, stirs fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment.Because the lengthening of terminal rubbish fire grate, the rubbish time of staying in incinerator prolongs, thereby improved the burn-off rate of house refuse.Five unit longitudinally are divided into dryer section, burning zone and after-flame section with said burning fire grate integral body.
The bracing structure of fire grate integral body of the present invention is as shown in Figure 5; Every grate furnace screening of fire grate 4 is laterally driven by an axle; Support at least three positions by steelframe 5 in the horizontal; Said steelframe comprises and is positioned at the support member that said burning fire grate both sides are used for fixing supporting driving shaft, and the intermediate support that below the burning fire grate between the said two side supports, is provided with.The steel frame support structure that increases in the centre can effectively reduce the amount of deflection of fire grate driving shaft, and the distortion of control driving shaft and fire grate prolongs the service life of fire grate integral body.Fire grate laterally adopts an axle to drive, and can control the potential leakage of oil point of hydraulic system, makes the fire grate segment Temperature Distribution more even, thus make operation more stable, reliably improve combustion efficiency simultaneously.The oil pipe that drives the fluid pressure drive device of fire grate segment adopts stainless steel sleeve pipe Welding Structure, because the oil pipe of fluid pressure drive device adopts stainless steel sleeve pipe Welding Structure, has reduced the potential leak point of hydraulic system, moves more stablely, and reliability is higher.
Feed fire grate of the present invention 4 as shown in Figure 6 is for adopting hydraulic-driven, and said feed fire grate 4 is identical with the width that burns fire grate, and it is more even that house refuse is transversely distributed at fire grate, improved combustion efficiency.Having to trolley 3 afterbody upper surfaces of said feed fire grate 4 is used to limit the spacing bracing or strutting arrangement that moves up to truck 3.In hydraulic cylinder 1 under the promotion of hydraulic oil; Advance for trolley and feed fire grate 4 forward the house refuse on the feed fire grate 4 is pushed on the burning fire grate in the burner hearth, be returned to original position then, advancing forward is pushed to house refuse on the fire grate in the burner hearth again; So move in circles and carry out work; Afterbody upside giving trolley is equipped with spacing bracing or strutting arrangement 2, between this spacing bracing or strutting arrangement and cover plate, stays rational gap, and dolly is in the process of advancing like this; Upwards the displacement of direction is limited in the very little scope; Effectively guaranteed the orbit even running of dolly, can not squint and stuck phenomenon, efficiently solved the problem of often derailing to trolley by design.As preferably, said spacing bracing or strutting arrangement 2 comprises and being fixed on to the bracing frame on the truck 3, scroll wheel and rolling shaft that the support frame as described above top end is provided with groove; Be used for around said scroll wheel, said rolling shaft plug is loaded in the said groove, and said groove is greater than said scroll wheel; This scroll wheel can roll in groove under the effect of rolling shaft freely, so not only can give the distance between trolley 3 and the top cover plate with qualification, and in case when dolly perk a little; When said scroll wheel contacts with cover plate; Scroll wheel can slide along cover plate, further plays the effect of buffering, also can be not stuck even run into cover plate.The number of said spacing bracing or strutting arrangement 2 can be for one or more; Evenly, symmetry is distributed in the afterbody to trolley 3; Said spacing bracing or strutting arrangement 2 can prevent that not only dolly is stuck, and can effectively control to trolley 3 the moving of left and right directions, and prevents that dolly from de-orbiting.
House refuse is pushed to by the feed fire grate and burns on the fire grate, carries out drying, burning and after-flame then.The incinerator package is drawn together slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film and is stirred fire grate segment.Consider the expanded by heating of fire grate segment when operation, when equipment is installed, all will leave certain clearance between the fire grate segment and between fire grate segment and the equipment sidewall.In order to reduce the leakage rate of rubbish from this gap, and for a wind that gets into from the fire grate bottom is evenly distributed at the fire grate device interior, the inside that is shown in fire grate segment like Fig. 7,8,9,10 also is welded with the dust block board of stainless steel material.For the fire grate segment of different installed positions, also be not quite similar the leakage ash of minimizing fire grate that can maximum possible with the shape and the position of the stainless steel dust block board of its welding.Said fixed grate film and slip fire grate segment are provided with the elastic wear-resisting scraper plate, can reduce to face the friction between the two grate furnace sheets mutually, and then the service life of having improved fire grate segment.Dual-side at fire grate also is provided with cooling chamber.Adopt cooling air to make the external temperature of equipment unlikely too high, also play a part the inner refractory material of protection side wall fire grate segment simultaneously.
Constitute by the knockdown fire grate segment that stirs up and down like Fig. 9, the said fire grate that stirs shown in 10; Combined type stirs the fire grate segment main body that fire grate segment comprises upper cover plate 7 and supports this upper cover plate 7 up and down, and said upper cover plate 7 comprises rotating with fire grate main body 8 to be held and support end, wherein; The support end of said upper cover plate 7 is provided with the bearing pin groove; The support end of said fire grate main body 8 is provided with corresponding pin shaft hole, and said bearing pin groove is connected through bearing pin with pin shaft hole, is used for fixing the support end of combined fire grate; The rotation end of said upper cover plate 7 is provided with cutting ferrule, and the rotation end of said fire grate main body 8 is provided with the elbow that is complementary with cutting ferrule, is used for fixing the rotation end of combined fire grate; Thereby with fire grate segment separated into two parts one upper cover plate 7 and fire grate segment main body of the prior art; In actual use, even worn and torn upper cover plate, can directly upper cover plate be changed; And need not change the fire grate segment main body; Avoid the defective that needs whole fire grate segment to change in the prior art, practiced thrift cost, reduced spillage of material, reduced operating cost.As preferably; Described cutting ferrule is that the rotation end tail down bending of upper cover plate 7 forms hook; As preferably; Said hook is
font hook; Described elbow is to be arranged at the projection piece that fire grate main body 8 is rotated end, and said projection piece lower end is provided with groove, to cooperate the bend of hook.During use, wrap fully at the projection piece of the hook that rotates end upper cover plate 7 with fire grate main body 8, the bend of hook gets in the groove of projection piece downside; It is stuck that described hook and projection piece are fastened each other; At support end, said bearing pin groove and pin shaft hole are coaxial setting, and bearing pin is inserted said bearing pin groove and pin shaft hole; Thereby upper cover plate 7 and fire grate segment main body are become one, and obtaining up and down, combined type stirs fire grate segment.As preferably, said fire grate segment main body is provided with seam 10, through said seam 10 whole fire grate segment is fastened on the rotation macro-axis of fire grate; Rotation macro-axis by fire grate drives; Realize that the whole fire grate segment moving axis that rotates rotates, realize the stirring of rubbish improved efficiency of combustion.As preferably, the faying face inboard with upper cover plate 7 on the said fire grate segment main body is provided with floor, through the setting of floor, has not only improved the intensity of combined fire grate, and improves the heat dispersion of said fire grate, and the number of said floor can be provided with as required.
Shown in figure 11, the said operation of stirring fire grate segment 7 is promote to rotate macro-axis through hydraulic push rod to rotate, and then drives and stir fire grate segment and stir action by rotating macro-axis.The said roller that stirs is made up of a part of rotating macro-axis, and said rotation macro-axis is used for supporting and fire grate segment is stirred in driving.Be provided with at least 2 below the roller and be used to support the support member that this stirs roller said stirring, said support member can be to support tugboat.The strong point that stirs roller in the prior art is become at least 2 by one, has effectively decomposed the stressed of tugboat, guarantee support roller be in operation not can be because of excess load rapid wear; Simultaneously because the increase of the strong point, make that to rotate macro-axis self-align and alleviate the support wheel load in running, solved and stirred fire grate 7 frequent axial floats in the prior art and rotate the problem that macro-axis pull bar 8 ruptures.As preferably, said support member is for supporting support roller 10, and said support roller not only can well be played a supporting role to rotating macro-axis; And support roller and stir between the roller tangent; Friction between the two further reduces, and support roller can not stir the motion repeatedly back and forth of roller to influence on the one hand, and the wearing and tearing of said support roller self further reduce; Prolong service life, better guaranteed to stir roller 9 and the operation of stirring fire grate 7.As preferably; Said tugboat is selected resistant to elevated temperatures roller bearing for use; This resistant to elevated temperatures roller bearing not only satisfies the environment for use of burning furnace high-temperature and satisfies high radial load again, and this bearing has the function of automatic centering aligning again, the applying working condition in very suitable this incinerator.
Incinerator control method of the present invention comprises the control method to air feed system and fire grate segment; The control method of wherein said fire grate segment comprises, according to the step of grate length and/or terminal fixed grate film temperature adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency.
Above-mentioned step according to grate length adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency comprises: established standards grate length is L
0Measuring actual grate length is L; Calculate grate length difference Δ L=|L-L
0|; At least one of adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency so that Δ L is minimum.The grate measurement of length can adopt various existing measuring method well known in the art, for example infrared ray sensor measuring technique, laser measuring technique etc.Here just given unnecessary details no longer one by one.
Above-mentioned step according to terminal fixed grate film temperature adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency comprises: setting terminal fixed grate film normal temperature is T
1 0Measuring terminal fixed grate film actual temperature is T
1Calculate terminal fixed grate film temperature gap Δ T
1=| T
1-T
1 0|; At least one of adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency so that Δ T
1Minimum.
The measurement of above-mentioned end fixed grate film temperature is to realize through a plurality of thermocouples that are set on the said terminal fixed grate film.The present technique scheme is provided with the measuring point to the fire grate segment temperature, and the temperature of fire grate segment in service is monitored in real time, be used for to the slip fire grate with stir fire grate and control.
Shown in figure 12 is that fire grate thermocouple of the present invention is arranged sketch map, and Figure 12 is the furnace bed vertical view of waste incineration, and it specifically comprises 5 unit, and each unit comprises a plurality of slip fire grate segments, stirs fire grate segment and fixed grate film.For the concrete arrangement of above-mentioned fire grate thermocouple can for: for last row's fixed grate film in Unit the 5th, second fire grate segment from the left side whenever is provided with a thermocouple at a distance from a fire grate segment; For first module to the Unit four with stir row's fixed grate film that fire grate segment closes on, the 3rd fire grate segment from the left side whenever is provided with a thermocouple at a distance from 4 fire grate segments; The arrangement of the thermocouple on each fixed grate film is shown in figure 13.Figure 11 is the vertical view and the side view of said fixed grate film, and said thermocouple is installed on the bottom surface of said top stove cover plate.Here the concrete arrangement that need to prove above-mentioned fire grate thermocouple only is a concrete example of the present invention; Be not to limit the present invention; Obviously also have other possible alternative or simple distortion for a person skilled in the art, but all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Above-mentioned end fixed grate film actual temperature T
1Be preferably the mean value of said a plurality of thermocouple measuring point temperature.Can reflect the actual temp in the said incinerator so more exactly, to control the operation of said fire grate segment more exactly.
The control method of garbage incinerator grates sheet of the present invention comprises that also according to grate height and/or fixed grate film temperature adjustment stirs the set-up procedure of frequency of fire grate segment.
The above-mentioned set-up procedure of stirring frequency of stirring fire grate segment according to the grate height adjustment comprises: established standards grate height is H
0Measuring actual grate height is H; Calculate grate height difference Δ H=|H-H
0|; What fire grate segment was stirred in adjustment stirs frequency so that Δ H is minimum.The measurement of grate height can be adopted various existing measuring method well known in the art, for example infrared ray sensor measuring technique, laser measuring technique etc.Here just given unnecessary details no longer one by one.
The above-mentioned set-up procedure of stirring frequency of stirring fire grate segment according to fixed grate film temperature adjustment comprises: setting the fixed grate film normal temperature is T
2 0Measuring this fixed grate film actual temperature is T
2Calculate this fixed grate film temperature gap Δ T
2=| T
2-T
2 0|; That adjusts that a row that this fixed grate film closes on stirs fire grate segment stirs frequency so that Δ T
2Minimum.
The measurement of said fixing fire grate segment temperature is to realize through a plurality of thermocouples that are set on the said fixed grate film.The present technique scheme is provided with the measuring point to the fire grate segment temperature, and the temperature of fire grate segment in service is monitored in real time, is used for the feed fire grate, fire grate and stir fire grate and control slides.Specifically like Figure 10, shown in 11.
Said fixing fire grate segment actual temperature T
2Be preferably the mean value of said a plurality of thermocouple measuring point temperature.Can reflect the actual temp in the said incinerator so more exactly, to control the operation of said fire grate segment more exactly.
Concrete control mode to stirring fire grate segment is: dig the back and fallen after rise fast to 4 degree by 25 degree stirring fire grate segment; Cushion through hydraulic oil; Fall after rise at a slow speed again to original position, can reduce like this to stir the impact of fire grate segment, prolonged the life-span of support wheel support wheel.
Here the control method of stirring frequency that need to prove above-mentioned adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke, slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency and stir fire grate segment can be carried out separately, also can carry out simultaneously.
The control method of incinerator air feed system of the present invention; Comprise according to combustor exit flue-gas temperature, flue gas temperature of hearth outlet and furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content adjustment primary air flow and secondary air flow; So that flue gas stops the sufficiently long time, and guarantee the furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content within the specific limits more than sufficiently high temperature.
Said air feed system is used for wind of supply and secondary wind in said incinerator, and one time wind is used for the drying garbage, burning and the after-flame that burn on the fire grate; Secondary wind is used for combustible gas component after-flame that rubbish is volatilized.Wherein said control method comprises the step according to a combustor exit flue-gas temperature adjustment primary air flow and/or a wind-warm syndrome.
Said step according to a combustor exit flue-gas temperature adjustment primary air flow and/or a wind-warm syndrome comprises: setting combustor exit standard flue-gas temperature is T
3 0Measure the actual flue-gas temperature T of combustor exit
3Calculate combustor exit flue-gas temperature difference DELTA T
3=| T
3-T
3 0|; At least one of an adjustment primary air flow and a wind-warm syndrome so that Δ T
3Minimum.The all temps measuring technique that the measurement of said temperature can adopt those skilled in the art to be familiar with, for example the thermocouple technology is provided with a plurality of thermocouples through the exit in the combustion chamber and measures said flue-gas temperature.Above-mentioned actual flue-gas temperature T
3Can be the mean value of a plurality of points for measuring temperature in exit of above-mentioned combustion chamber, the mean value of above-mentioned a plurality of thermocouples for example can reflect the actual temperature of said flue gas so more accurately.
In a wind supply system design of incinerator of the present invention, the charging temperature of a wind is brought up to 220 ℃, it is more abundant that incineration firing is got, and burn-off rate is higher.
Wherein said control method also comprises the step according to flue gas temperature of hearth outlet adjustment secondary air flow.
Said step according to flue gas temperature of hearth outlet adjustment secondary air flow comprises: setting furnace outlet standard flue-gas temperature is T
4 0Measure the actual flue-gas temperature T of furnace outlet
4Calculate flue gas temperature of hearth outlet difference DELTA T
4=| T
4-T
4 0|; The adjustment secondary air flow is so that Δ T
4Minimum.The all temps measuring technique that the measurement of said temperature can adopt those skilled in the art to be familiar with, for example the thermocouple technology is provided with a plurality of thermocouples through the exit at burner hearth and measures said flue-gas temperature.Above-mentioned actual flue-gas temperature T
4Can be the mean value of a plurality of points for measuring temperature in exit of above-mentioned burner hearth, the mean value of above-mentioned a plurality of thermocouples for example can reflect the actual temperature of said flue gas so more accurately.
Wherein said control method also comprises said step according to furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content adjustment secondary air flow.
Said step according to furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content adjustment secondary air flow comprises: setting furnace outlet flue gas standard oxygen content is O
0Measure furnace outlet flue gas actual oxygen content O; Calculate furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content difference DELTA O=|O-O
0|; The adjustment secondary air flow is so that Δ O is minimum.The various measurement of oxygen content technology that the measurement of said oxygen content can adopt those skilled in the art to be familiar with, for example the zirconia detector technologies is provided with a plurality of detectors through the exit at burner hearth and measures said oxygen content of smoke gas.The mean value of a plurality of test points in exit that above-mentioned actual oxygen content of smoke gas O can be above-mentioned burner hearth, the mean value of above-mentioned a plurality of detectors for example can reflect the actual oxygen content of said flue gas so more accurately.
Here the adjustment control method that need to prove above-mentioned primary air flow and/or wind-warm syndrome and secondary air flow can be carried out separately, also can carry out simultaneously.
The invention provides the regulative mode of a kind of wind and secondary wind, can be real-time adjust according to stove internal combustion situation guarantees that the combustion position in the burner hearth is in shape all the time.The combustor exit flue-gas temperature has been reacted the combustion position of rubbish on the fire grate; If the incineration firing situation above the higher explanation fire grate of flue-gas temperature is better; Therefore otherwise combustion position is not good, can improve the combustion position of rubbish on the fire grate to wind adjustment according to the combustor exit flue-gas temperature.Can significantly improve the combustion position of volatile matter according to flue gas temperature of hearth outlet and oxygen content to secondary wind adjustment, reduce the discharging of pollutants such as CO.
The present invention is illustrated through the foregoing description, but should be understood that, the foregoing description just is used for for example and illustrative purposes, but not is intended to the present invention is limited in the described scope of embodiments.It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that in addition the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, can also make more kinds of variants and modifications according to instruction of the present invention, these variants and modifications all drop in the present invention's scope required for protection.Protection scope of the present invention is defined by appended claims book and equivalent scope thereof.
Claims (55)
1. multistage hydraulic mechanical type garbage incinerator; Comprise charging aperture, feed fire grate, burn fire grate, wind supply system and secondary wind supply system; Said burning fire grate longitudinally is divided into five unit; Wherein Unit first to fourth is a standard block, and Unit the 5th is terminal lengthening unit, above-mentioned each unit all by several slip fire grate segments, stir fire grate segment, fixed grate film is formed; Said five unit are divided into dryer section, burning zone and after-flame section with said burning fire grate integral body along the rubbish moving direction; It is characterized in that the every grate furnace screening of said burning fire grate edge is laterally driven by an axle, and is supported at least three positions by steelframe in the horizontal.
2. incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said steelframe comprises and is positioned at the support member that said burning fire grate both sides are used for fixing supporting driving shaft.
3. incinerator according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the burning fire grate below between the said burning fire grate two side supports is provided with at least one intermediate support.
4. incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said standard block is 5 grate furnace screening structures or 6 grate furnace screening structures.
5. incinerator according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; Said 5 grate furnace screening structures are stirred fire grate segment by two row's slip fire grate segments, two row's fixed grate films and a row and are formed, and it specifically puts in order to the fire grate segment that slides, stirs fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film or slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, stirs fire grate segment, fixed grate film.
6. incinerator according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; Said 6 grate furnace screening structures stir fire grate segment by two row's slip fire grate segments, two rows and two row's fixed grate films are formed, and it specifically puts in order to the fire grate segment that slides, stirs fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, stirs fire grate segment and fixed grate film.
7. incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said terminal lengthening unit stirs fire grate segment by four row's slip fire grate segments, a row and three row's fixed grate films are formed.
8. incinerator according to claim 7; It is characterized in that fire grate segment is arranged by slip fire grate segment, the order of stirring fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film, slip fire grate segment in the said terminal lengthening unit.
9. incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said slip fire grate segment, fixed grate film and stir fire grate segment and be provided with dust block board.
10. incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said fixed grate film and slip fire grate segment are provided with the elastic wear-resisting scraper plate.
11. incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the said fire grate segment that stirs is made up of combined type fire grate segment up and down, and the combined type fire grate segment comprises upper cover plate and the fire grate segment main body that supports this upper cover plate up and down.
12. incinerator according to claim 11 is characterized in that, said fire grate segment main body comprises rotates end and support end, and wherein, the support end of said fire grate segment main body is provided with pin shaft hole, and the rotation end of said fire grate segment main body is provided with elbow.
13. incinerator according to claim 12; It is characterized in that said upper cover plate comprises rotating to be held and support end, wherein; The support end of said upper cover plate is provided with the bearing pin groove corresponding with said pin shaft hole, and the rotation end of said upper cover plate is provided with the cutting ferrule corresponding with said elbow.
14. incinerator according to claim 13 is characterized in that, said bearing pin groove is connected through bearing pin with pin shaft hole, is used for fixing the support end of said combined type fire grate segment.
15. incinerator according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the mutual interlock of said cutting ferrule and elbow is used for fixing the rotation end of said combined type fire grate segment.
16. incinerator according to claim 13 is characterized in that, said cutting ferrule is the hook that the rotation end tail down bending of upper cover plate forms.
17. incinerator according to claim 16; It is characterized in that said hook is
font.
18. incinerator according to claim 12 is characterized in that, said elbow is to be arranged at the projection piece that the fire grate segment main body is rotated end, and said projection piece lower end is provided with groove.
19. incinerator according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the faying face inboard with upper cover plate on the said fire grate segment main body is equipped with floor.
20. incinerator according to claim 11 is characterized in that, said fire grate segment main body is provided with seam.
21. incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises stirring roller structure, the said roller below stirred has at least 2 and is used to support the support member that this stirs roller.
22. incinerator according to claim 21 is characterized in that, said support member is for supporting support roller.
23. incinerator according to claim 22 is characterized in that, said support roller adopts resistant to elevated temperatures roller bearing.
24. incinerator according to claim 21 is characterized in that, the said roller that stirs is made up of a part of rotating macro-axis.
25. incinerator according to claim 24 is characterized in that, said rotation macro-axis is used for supporting and fire grate segment is stirred in driving.
26. incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, having to trolley afterbody upper surface of said feed fire grate is used to limit the spacing bracing or strutting arrangement that moves up to trolley.
27. incinerator according to claim 26; It is characterized in that; Said spacing bracing or strutting arrangement comprises and being fixed on to the bracing frame on the trolley, scroll wheel and rolling shaft; The support frame as described above top has groove, and said scroll wheel is fixed in the said groove through rolling shaft, and scroll wheel can freely roll in said groove.
28. incinerator according to claim 26 is characterized in that, the height of said spacing bracing or strutting arrangement is lower than the cover plate supporting traverse to the trolley top.
29. incinerator according to claim 26 is characterized in that, the number of said spacing bracing or strutting arrangement is one or more.
30. incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the width of said feed fire grate is identical with the width of said burning fire grate.
31. incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also is provided with cooling chamber at the dual-side of fire grate.
32. incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the oil pipe that drives the fluid pressure drive device of fire grate segment adopts stainless steel sleeve pipe Welding Structure.
33. incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said fixed grate film is provided with the thermocouple that is used for thermometric.
34. incinerator according to claim 33 is characterized in that, for last row's fixed grate film in the end lengthening unit, second fire grate segment from the left side whenever is provided with a thermocouple at a distance from a fire grate segment; For first module to the Unit four with stir row's fixed grate film that fire grate segment closes on, the 3rd fire grate segment from the left side whenever is provided with a thermocouple at a distance from 4 fire grate segments.
35. one kind like the described Control of Waste Incinerators method of one of claim 1-34; Comprise control method to air feed system and/or fire grate segment; The control method of wherein said fire grate segment comprises, according to the step of grate length and/or terminal fixed grate film temperature adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency.
36. method according to claim 35 is characterized in that, said step according to grate length adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency comprises:
Established standards grate length is L
0
Measuring actual grate length is L;
Calculate grate length difference Δ L=|L-L
0|;
At least one of adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency so that Δ L is minimum.
37. method according to claim 35 is characterized in that, said step according to terminal fixed grate film temperature adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency comprises:
Setting terminal fixed grate film normal temperature is T
1 0
Measuring terminal fixed grate film actual temperature is T
1
Calculate terminal fixed grate film temperature gap Δ T
1=| T
1-T
1 0|;
At least one of adjustment feed fire grate fltting speed and stroke and slip fire grate segment fltting speed and frequency so that Δ T
1Minimum.
38., it is characterized in that the measurement of said terminal fixed grate film temperature is to realize through a plurality of thermocouples that are set on the said terminal fixed grate film according to the described method of claim 37.
39., it is characterized in that said terminal fixed grate film actual temperature T according to the described method of claim 37
1Mean value for a plurality of points for measuring temperature in said terminal fixed grate film place.
40. one kind like the described Control of Waste Incinerators method of one of claim 1-34; Comprise control method to air feed system and/or fire grate segment; The control method of wherein said fire grate segment comprises, stirs the set-up procedure of frequency of fire grate segment according to grate height and/or the adjustment of fixed grate film temperature.
41., it is characterized in that the set-up procedure of stirring frequency of stirring fire grate segment according to the grate height adjustment comprises according to the described method of claim 40:
Established standards grate height is H
0
Measuring actual grate height is H;
Calculate grate height difference Δ H=|H-H
0|;
What fire grate segment was stirred in adjustment stirs frequency so that Δ H is minimum.
42., it is characterized in that the set-up procedure of stirring frequency of stirring fire grate segment according to the adjustment of fixed grate film temperature comprises according to the described method of claim 40:
Setting the fixed grate film normal temperature is T
2 0
Measuring this fixed grate film actual temperature is T
2
Calculate this fixed grate film temperature gap Δ T
2=| T
2-T
2 0|;
That adjusts that a row that this fixed grate film closes on stirs fire grate segment stirs frequency so that Δ T
2Minimum.
43., it is characterized in that the measurement of said fixed grate film temperature is to realize through a plurality of thermocouples that are set on the said fixed grate film according to the described method of claim 42.
44., it is characterized in that this fixed grate film actual temperature T according to the described method of claim 42
2Mean value for a plurality of points for measuring temperature in said fixed grate film place.
45., it is characterized in that the control method of stirring of stirring fire grate segment is included in the said fire grate segment that stirs and digs the back and fallen after rise fast to 4 degree by 25 degree, cushions through hydraulic oil, falls after rise to original position at a slow speed again according to the described method of claim 40.
46. one kind like the described Control of Waste Incinerators method of one of claim 1-34, comprises the control method to air feed system and/or fire grate segment, wherein said air feed system is used for wind of supply and secondary wind in said incinerator,
The control method of wherein said air feed system comprises the step according to a combustor exit flue-gas temperature adjustment primary air flow and/or a wind-warm syndrome.
47., it is characterized in that said step according to a combustor exit flue-gas temperature adjustment primary air flow and/or a wind-warm syndrome comprises according to the described method of claim 46:
Setting combustor exit standard flue-gas temperature is T
3 0
Measure the actual flue-gas temperature T of combustor exit
3
Calculate combustor exit flue-gas temperature difference DELTA T
3=| T
3-T
3 0|;
At least one of an adjustment primary air flow and a wind-warm syndrome so that Δ T
3Minimum.
48., it is characterized in that the actual flue-gas temperature T of said combustor exit according to the described method of claim 47
3Mean value for a plurality of points for measuring temperature in said combustor exit place.
49., it is characterized in that the charging temperature of a said wind is 220 ℃ according to the described method of claim 46.
50. one kind like the described Control of Waste Incinerators method of one of claim 1-34, comprises the control method to air feed system and/or fire grate segment, wherein said air feed system is used for wind of supply and secondary wind in said incinerator,
The control method of wherein said air feed system comprises the step according to flue gas temperature of hearth outlet and/or furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content adjustment secondary air flow.
51., it is characterized in that said step according to flue gas temperature of hearth outlet adjustment secondary air flow comprises according to the described method of claim 50:
Setting furnace outlet standard flue-gas temperature is T
4 0
Measure the actual flue-gas temperature T of furnace outlet
4
Calculate flue gas temperature of hearth outlet difference DELTA T
4=| T
4-T
4 0|;
The adjustment secondary air flow is so that Δ T
4Minimum.
52., it is characterized in that the actual flue-gas temperature T of said furnace outlet according to the described method of claim 51
4Mean value for a plurality of points for measuring temperature in said furnace outlet place.
53., it is characterized in that said step according to furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content adjustment secondary air flow comprises according to the described method of claim 50:
Setting furnace outlet flue gas standard oxygen content is O
0
Measure furnace outlet flue gas actual oxygen content O;
Calculate furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content difference DELTA O=|O-O
0|;
The adjustment secondary air flow is so that Δ O is minimum.
54., it is characterized in that said furnace outlet flue gas actual oxygen content O is the mean value of a plurality of test points in said furnace outlet place according to the described method of claim 53.
55., it is characterized in that the charging temperature of a said wind is 220 ℃ according to the described method of claim 50.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210096588.6A CN102607037B (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-04-01 | Multistage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator and control method for same |
| PCT/CN2012/086311 WO2013149479A1 (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-12-10 | Multi-stage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator and control method therefor |
| BR112014024459-6A BR112014024459B1 (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-12-10 | multistage hydraulic mechanical waste incinerator and control method for the same |
| IN2161MUN2014 IN2014MN02161A (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-12-10 | |
| MYPI2014702860A MY169627A (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-12-10 | Multistage hydraulic mechanical refuse incinerator and control method therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210096588.6A CN102607037B (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-04-01 | Multistage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator and control method for same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102607037A true CN102607037A (en) | 2012-07-25 |
| CN102607037B CN102607037B (en) | 2014-05-14 |
Family
ID=46524663
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210096588.6A Active CN102607037B (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-04-01 | Multistage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator and control method for same |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102607037B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112014024459B1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN2014MN02161A (en) |
| MY (1) | MY169627A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013149479A1 (en) |
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| CN102721068A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2012-10-10 | 光大环保科技发展（北京）有限公司 | Method for controlling air supply system of water-cooling reciprocating multistage hydraulic mechanical grate furnace |
| WO2013149479A1 (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2013-10-10 | 光大环保科技发展（北京）有限公司 | Multi-stage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator and control method therefor |
| WO2013149478A1 (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2013-10-10 | 光大环保科技发展（北京）有限公司 | Multi-stage hydraulic mechanical garbage incinerator |
| CN104110687A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-22 | 光大环保技术装备（常州）有限公司 | Control system and method for speed of incinerator grate |
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| CN102721068B (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2016-06-08 | 光大环保科技发展（北京）有限公司 | A kind of control method of water-cooled reciprocating-type multi-stage hydraulic mechanical grate furnace air feed system |
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| CN117308092A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 西安广泰源科技有限公司 | Two-section forward pushing fire grate furnace |
| CN117308092B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-02 | 西安广泰源科技有限公司 | Two-section forward pushing fire grate furnace |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MY169627A (en) | 2019-04-23 |
| BR112014024459A2 (en) | 2017-08-22 |
| WO2013149479A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
| IN2014MN02161A (en) | 2015-08-28 |
| CN102607037B (en) | 2014-05-14 |
| BR112014024459B1 (en) | 2021-03-16 |
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