CN102604388B - Low-compressive-deformation and high-conductivity rubber composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Low-compressive-deformation and high-conductivity rubber composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102604388B
CN102604388B CN2012100776009A CN201210077600A CN102604388B CN 102604388 B CN102604388 B CN 102604388B CN 2012100776009 A CN2012100776009 A CN 2012100776009A CN 201210077600 A CN201210077600 A CN 201210077600A CN 102604388 B CN102604388 B CN 102604388B
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plating
rubber
metal particles
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田明
颜莎妮
张立群
邹华
冯予星
张继阳
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BEIJING BEIHUA XINXIANG TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a low-compressive-deformation and high-conductivity rubber composite material and a preparation method thereof. The low-compressive-deformation and high-conductivity rubber composite material is prepared by the following steps of: taking silicon rubber as a base body and utilizing modified grain-shaped and fiber-shaped metal-plating conductive fillers containing a reactive double-bond silane coupling agent under a CO2 supercritical state to prepare low-compressive-deformation and high-conductivity rubber composite material. Under the condition of guaranteeing the high conductivity, the use amount of the conductive fillers is reduced and the composite material has low compressive deformation and high conductive property.

Description

A kind of low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material and preparation method thereof, namely by plating conducting metal particles filler, with the plating conductive metallic fiber and with filled silicon rubber, obtain a kind of low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material, be used for electromagnetic shielding tightness system civilian, Military Electronic Equipment.
Background technology
Conductive rubber composite material is with compound the preparing of conductive filler material filled rubber matrix, is mainly used in the electromagnetic leakage of anti-hole in electronics, so high conductivity, and flexibility is the performance of electromagnetic shield rubber composite material indispensability.Forefathers prepare high performance conductive rubber composite material to different filler filled rubbers and have done a large amount of research.
From surface side filler, the conductive filler material kind for preparing at present the use of high electroconductive rubber matrix material is a lot, is mainly metal or metallization.Metallization has not only kept the electroconductibility of metal, and with the metallographic phase ratio, can greatly alleviate quality and the cost of matrix material., along with the development of metallizing technology, developed in recent years a lot as metal composite conductive powder bodies such as silvered aluminum powder, nickel plating graphite, silvered glass microballons.Can be divided into granular filler, laminal filler and fiber by shape.Adopt granular filler to prepare conductive rubber material, loading level is high, has a strong impact on mechanical property, especially compression set (elasticity), sealing property variation.Geng Xinling, Su Zhengtao, the people such as the money Huanghai Sea are in [rubber industry, 2006,53 (7): 417~419] studied physicals and the conductivity of silver-plated nickel powder filled silicon rubber, along with the increase of silver-plated nickel powder consumption, the hardness of MVQ cross-linked rubber and compression set increase.Adopt sheet or bat wool can to a certain degree reduce amount of filler and obtain low-resistivity, ten thousand happy kitchen ranges, Wang Rui, the Shen Qing Publication patent of invention No.CN102153869 such as Lie group English use 80 parts of nickel-coated carbon fibers can prepare volume specific resistance 10 as the conductive filler material of rubber -2The high conducing composite material of Ω cm, but, due to the reinforced effects of high length-diameter ratio, cause the elasticity variation of conductive rubber, and be difficult in the electro-conductive fiber mixing process sneak into and be uniformly dispersed, and easily fracture, affect the stability of conductivity.With the different shapes conductive filler material and can guarantee the flexibility of material with the conducing composite material that filled rubber makes, but because thereby the low electroconductibility of material that causes of filler electric conductivity of filling is poor, Chen Kezheng, Wang Deping, Zhang Zhi's a kind of jade is at [Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 1999,3] nanofiber that in, Nanometer Copper ionic catalysis acetylene is obtained and graphitized carbon black are also used filled silicon rubber, reduce at the consumption that reaches paralled system conductive filler material with respect to pure nanofiber under same electric conductivity, and resistivity is difficult to reach 1.0 Ω cm.
, in order to improve electroconductibility and stability, usually need to carry out surface modification to filler.Surface-modifying agent and filler are mixed add in matrix can reinforcing filler and the reactive force of matrix.The simplest method of surface modification is dry method, but is difficult to reach the even modification on filler grain surface, and wet method is dispersed modifier but energy expenditure is large effectively, and has the problems such as long, expensive, the solvent contamination of solvent recuperation cycle, poor efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the problem of for the existing high electroconductive rubber matrix material elasticity snapshot of oneself, ringing sealing effectiveness, a kind of low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material and preparation method thereof is provided, by adopting CO 2Contain the also use of the silane coupler modified particulate state of the two keys of reactable and fibrous metallizing conductive filler material under supercritical state, the elasticity of raising conductive rubber composite material, obtain a kind of low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material.
A kind of low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material provided by the invention, the raw material that comprises forms and mass fraction is:
A. silicon rubber is 100 parts;
B. vulcanizing agent is 2~15 parts;
C. conductive filler material is 110~300 parts
Wherein conductive filler material is the modification plating conducting metal particles of plating metal of the same race and the mixture of modification plating conductive metallic fiber, and the mass ratio of modification plating conducting metal particles and modification plating conductive metallic fiber is 10~25: 1~5.
Described modification plating conducting metal particles, modification plating conductive metallic fiber are for plating conducting metal particles, plating conductive metallic fiber through CO 2Contain the modification of the two key silane coupling agents of reactable under supercritical state.
The present invention adopts heat vulcanized silicone rubber or room temperature vulcanized sili cone rubber.Heat vulcanized silicone rubber can be selected from a kind of in following silicon rubber: dimethyl silicone rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, methyl ethylene phenyl siloxane rubber, methyl ethylene trifluoro propyl silicon rubber, phenylene silicone rubber and inferior phenylate base silicon rubber, nitrile silicone rubber, silicon boron rubber.The preferable methyl vinylsiloxane rubber.Room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is selected from a kind of in following silicon rubber: RTV Methyl Silicone Rubber, the two phenyl room temperature vulcanized silicone rubbers of methyl, RTV block methyl silicone rubber, self cure eyeball silicon rubber, RTV fluorocarbon silicone rubber.
B component is the mixed cross-linker system of organic peroxide sulfuration agent, silicon ester or titanic acid ester and catalyzer organic tin salt.Wherein the organic peroxide sulfuration agent is selected from 2,5-dimethyl-2,5 di-t-butyl hexane peroxide or 2,4-dichlorobenzoperoxide, is used for the sulfuration heat vulcanized silicone rubber; The linking agent silicon ester is tetraethoxy; Titanic acid ester is tetrabutyl titanate; The catalyzer organic tin salt is selected from dibutyl tin dilaurate or stannous octoate, and linking agent is 1~10: 0.5~5 with the catalyst levels ratio, is used for the sulfuration of room temperature vulcanized sili cone rubber.
The present invention adopts the silane coupling agent (as vinyltriethoxysilane A151 or octyltri-ethoxysilane A137) that contains the two keys of reactable to carry out CO to plating conducting metal filler 2Overcritical modification.
The particle size range that is used for the plating conducting metal particles of modification is 10~300 μ m, is selected from a kind of in following material: silvered glass microballon, silver coated aluminum, silver-plated copper, nickel-clad copper or nickel plating graphite.
The plating conductive metallic fiber length-to-diameter ratio scope that is used for modification is 5~50, and length range is 50~750 μ m, is selected from a kind of in following material: silvered glass fiber, silver-plated polyimide fiber, silver-plated trevira or nickel-coated carbon fibers.
Silver-plated conductive filler material volume specific resistance is 10 -3The Ω cm order of magnitude, nickel plating conductive filler material volume specific resistance is 10 -2The Ω cm order of magnitude.
Concrete grammar and the condition of plating conducting metal particles, the modification of plating conductive metallic fiber are: will contain the silane coupling agent of the two keys of reactable and plate conducting metal particles or/and the plating conductive metallic fiber is placed in reactor; add dry ice; under agitation condition; the airtight temperature that is heated to of reactor is 40 ℃~100 ℃; pressure 10~14MPa, at CO 2Reacted under supercritical state 1~2 hour, and after reaction finishes,, with the reactor atmospheric pressure state that reduces pressure, to be cooledly can obtain modified filler.When the plating conducting metal particles is carried out modification with the mixture that plates conductive metallic fiber, need to adopt particle and the fiber of plating identical conduction metal.
Containing the silane coupling agent of the two keys of reactable and the mass ratio of conductive filler material (referring to plate conducting metal particles and plating conductive metallic fiber) during modification is 6~15: 110~300.
The preparation method of low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material provided by the invention is as follows:
While adopting heat vulcanized silicone rubber, with the conductive filler material of silicon rubber and modification mixing even after, add vulcanizing agent, mixing 5~15min, then carry out one step cure, 160~180 ℃ of curing temperatures, curing time 10~30min; Carry out again post vulcanization, 200 ℃ of curing temperatures, curing time 1~4h;
While adopting room temperature vulcanized sili cone rubber,, with the conductive filler material of silicon rubber, modification, vulcanizing agent, catalyst mix, be stirred to evenly, but at 25~150 ℃ of temperature through 2~24h complete cure, temperature is higher, vulcanization rate is faster.
Effect of the present invention:
(1) take plating conducting metal particles filler as main conductive filler, the plating conductive metallic fiber filled silicon rubber of the metal of the same race of a small amount of plating of doping simultaneously prepares high conducing composite material.Compared with prior art, in the situation that have same high conductivity reduced conductive filler material consumption, reduced the compression set rate, make matrix material have better elasticity and stopping property.
(2) adopted a kind of low viscosity, low surface tension, rapid permeability to enter the supercritical CO of micropore material 2The modification method is strengthened the dispersion of particulate, has solved the high length-diameter ratio particulate and easily assemble, disperse uneven problem in polymeric matrix, has improved the dispersity of conducting powder in matrix, and then has improved the electroconductibility of matrix material.
The present invention presses GB/T2439-2001 and surveys volume resistance and volume calculated resistivity; Carry out the compression set test by GB/T7759-1996.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material, its feed composition and mass fraction are:
Methyl vinyl silicone rubber 100g
Conductive filler material 202g
Two 2,5 2g of vulcanizing agent
Wherein conductive filler material is the mixture of modification silvered glass microballon and modification silvered glass fiber, and the mass ratio of modification silvered glass microballon and modification silvered glass fiber is 14: 5.
Filler modified method: with 140g silvered glass microballon (S-3000-S3N of U.S. baud company, particle diameter 20~50 μ m, real density 2.5g/cm 3), (SF82TF8 of U.S. baud company, length-to-diameter ratio is 5~50 to 50g silvered glass fiber, length 50~175 μ m, real density 2.7g/cm 3), 12g vinyltriethoxysilane A151 adds in reactor, then add dry ice, put into simultaneously magnetic stirring bar, reactor is airtight and heat in constant temperature oil bath, temperature is 80 ℃, until pressure arrives 13MPa, open magnetic stirring apparatus, stirred 1 hour, the valve-off atmospheric pressure state that slowly reduces pressure after reaction finishes, the question response still is cooling, takes out product, namely obtains the conductive filler material after modification.
Composite material and preparation method thereof: the filler, 2 after adding successively methyl vinyl silicone rubber, modification in two roller mills, 5-dimethyl-2, the even mixing 10min of 5-bis(t-butylperoxy) hexane vulcanizing agent.Carry out one step cure with the 25t vulcanizing press, 170 ℃ of curing temperatures, sulfide stress 10MPa, curing time 20min.Then carry out post vulcanization in electric drying oven with forced convection, 200 ℃ of curing temperatures, curing time 2h.Record its volume specific resistance and compression set rate in Table 1.
Embodiment 2:
Low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material, its feed composition and mass fraction are:
Wherein conductive filler material is the mixture of modification silver-plated copper and modification silvered glass fiber, and the mass ratio of modification silver-plated copper and modification silvered glass fiber is 8: 1.
Filler modified method: with 160g silver coated aluminum (SA270S20 of U.S. baud company, particle diameter 44~88 μ m, real density 3.2g/cm 3), 20g silvered glass fiber (with embodiment 1), 12g coupling agent octyltri-ethoxysilane A137 add in reactor, then add dry ice, put into simultaneously magnetic stirring bar, reactor is airtight and heat in constant temperature oil bath, temperature is 100 ℃, until pressure arrives 13.5MPa, open magnetic stirring apparatus, stirred 1.5 hours, the valve-off atmospheric pressure state that slowly reduces pressure after reaction finishes, the question response still is cooling, takes out product, namely obtains the conductive filler material after modification.
Composite material and preparation method thereof: after being stirred to the conductive filler material of RTV Methyl Silicone Rubber, modification, vulcanizing agent, catalyst mix evenly, sizing material is placed in encloses container to be vacuumized, keep 3~5min to get rid of bubble under 0.67~2.67KPa, pour in specimen mold and put into 100 ℃ of thermostat containers and solidify through 4h, make test piece.Record its volume specific resistance and compression set rate in Table 1.
Embodiment 3:
Low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material, its feed composition and mass fraction are:
Figure BDA0000145788370000061
Wherein conductive filler material is the mixture of modification nickel plating graphite and modification nickel-coated carbon fibers, and the mass ratio of modification silver-plated copper and modification silvered glass fiber is 4: 1.
Filler modified method: 80g nickel plating graphite (the Canadian Sulzer E-FILL2701 of company, particle diameter 60-165 μ m, real density 4.0g/cm 3), (the Canadian Sulzer E-FILL2901 of company, length-to-diameter ratio is 5~50 to the 20g nickel-coated carbon fibers, length 60-250 μ m, real density 3.8g/cm 3), 6g coupling agent vinyltriethoxysilane A151 adds in reactor, then add dry ice, put into simultaneously magnetic stirring bar, reactor is airtight and heat in constant temperature oil bath, temperature is 40 ℃, until pressure arrives 10MPa, open magnetic stirring apparatus, stirred 1 hour, the valve-off atmospheric pressure state that slowly reduces pressure after reaction finishes, the question response still is cooling, takes out product, namely obtains the conductive filler material after modification.
Composite material and preparation method thereof: after being stirred to the conductive filler material of RTV Methyl Silicone Rubber, modification, vulcanizing agent, catalyst mix evenly, sizing material is placed in encloses container to be vacuumized, keep 3~5min to get rid of bubble under 0.67~2.67KPa, pour in specimen mold and put into 150 ℃ of thermostat containers and solidify through 2h, make test piece.Record its volume specific resistance and compression set rate in Table 1.Comparative Examples 1:
Low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material, its feed composition and mass fraction are:
Methyl vinyl silicone rubber 100g
Modification silvered glass microballon (conductive filler material) 270g
Two 2,5 2g of vulcanizing agent
Filler modified method: dry method: with 250g silvered glass microballon filler (with embodiment 1) first low speed mixing 3~5 minutes in homogenizer, make its fluffy, again 20g coupling agent octyltri-ethoxysilane A137 is added in homogenizer with Sprayable, high-speed stirring is 5~7 minutes again, and properties-correcting agent and uniform filling are mixed.
Composite material and preparation method thereof makes by the preparation method of embodiment 1.Record its volume specific resistance and compression set rate in Table 1.
Comparative Examples 2:
Low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material, its feed composition and mass fraction are:
Methyl vinyl silicone rubber 100g
Modification nickel plating graphite (conductive filler material) 175g
Two 2,5 2g of vulcanizing agent
Filler modified method: dry method: with 160 nickel plating graphite packings (with embodiment 3) first low speed mixing 3~5 minutes in homogenizer, make its fluffy, again 15g coupling agent octyltri-ethoxysilane A137 is added in homogenizer with Sprayable, high-speed stirring is 5~7 minutes again, and properties-correcting agent and uniform filling are mixed.
Composite material and preparation method thereof makes by the preparation method of embodiment 1.Record its volume specific resistance and compression set rate in Table 1.
Table 1: the Performance Ratio of the embodiment of the present invention and Comparative Examples
Figure BDA0000145788370000081
Table 1 data presentation: when conductive filler material is all silver coating material, embodiment 1 is through supercritical CO 2The silver-plated particulate state of modification and bat wool and the silvered glass microballon that obtains with filled silicon rubber/silvered glass fiber/silicon rubber composite material, its volume specific resistance is 0.0048 Ω cm, compare through the silvered glass microballoon/silicon rubber of dry process filler with Comparative Examples 1, resistivity decreased not only, and packing volume umber used reduced 9.1%, and the compression set amount has reduced 10.55%.Embodiment 2 compares and also obtains identical result with Comparative Examples 1, namely through supercritical CO 2The silver plated fiber shape filler of modification and granulated filler also not only reduce resistivity but also have improved the low compression deformation of material with filled silicon rubber.
When conductive filler material is all the nickel plating material, same, embodiment 3 will be through supercritical CO 2A small amount of nickel-coated carbon fibers of modification is with a large amount of nickel plating graphite and use filled silicon rubber, compare through the graphite-filled silicon rubber of the nickel plating of dry process filler with Comparative Examples 2, the electroconductibility of material better (resistivity decline 0.062 Ω cm), filler used is (the packing volume mark has reduced respectively 9.40%) still less, and elasticity is better (the compression set rate reduces 13.22%) also.

Claims (5)

1. low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material, the feed composition that comprises and mass fraction are:
A. silicon rubber is 100 parts;
B. vulcanizing agent is 2~15 parts;
C. conductive filler material is 110~300 parts;
Wherein conductive filler material is the modification plating conducting metal particles of plating metal of the same race and the mixture of modification plating conductive metallic fiber, and the mass ratio of modification plating conducting metal particles and modification plating conductive metallic fiber is 10~25:1~5;
Described modification plating conducting metal particles, modification plating conductive metallic fiber are for plating conducting metal particles, plating conductive metallic fiber through CO 2Contain the modification of the two key silane coupling agents of reactable under supercritical state; Concrete grammar and condition are: the silane coupling agent that will contain the two keys of reactable is placed in reactor with the plating conducting metal particles or/and plate conductive metallic fiber; add dry ice, under agitation condition, the airtight temperature that is heated to of reactor is 40 ℃~100 ℃; pressure 10~14MPa, at CO 2Reacted under supercritical state 1~2 hour, after reaction finishes, with the reactor atmospheric pressure state that reduces pressure, to be cooled getting final product;
Wherein, the particle size range that is used for the plating conducting metal particles of modification is 10~300 μ m, is selected from a kind of in following material: silvered glass microballon, silver coated aluminum, silver-plated copper, nickel-clad copper or nickel plating graphite;
The plating conductive metallic fiber length-to-diameter ratio scope that is used for modification is 5~50, and length range is 50~750 μ m, is selected from a kind of in following material: silvered glass fiber, silver-plated polyimide fiber, silver-plated trevira or nickel-coated carbon fibers;
The silane coupling agent that contains the two keys of reactable that is used for modification is vinyltriethoxysilane A151; The silane coupling agent that contains the two keys of reactable is 6~15:110~300 with the mass ratio of total conductive filler material.
2. low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: component A is heat vulcanized silicone rubber or room temperature vulcanized sili cone rubber.
3. low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when component A adopted heat vulcanized silicone rubber, B component was selected the organic peroxide sulfuration agent; While adopting room temperature vulcanized sili cone rubber, B component is selected linking agent silicon ester or titanic acid ester, and also contains the catalyzer organic tin salt in B component, and linking agent is 1~10:0.5~5 with the catalyst quality ratio.
4. low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber matrix material according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the organic peroxide sulfuration agent is selected from 2,5-dimethyl-2,5 di-t-butyl hexane peroxide or 2,4-dichlorobenzoperoxide; Silicon ester is tetraethoxy; Titanic acid ester is tetrabutyl titanate; Organic tin salt is selected from dibutyl tin dilaurate or stannous octoate.
5. the preparation method of the described low compression deformation high electroconductive rubber of claim 1 matrix material, when component A adopts heat vulcanized silicone rubber, the conductive filler material of silicon rubber, modification, vulcanizing agent are added successively, mixing 5~15min, then carry out one step cure, 160~180 ℃ of curing temperatures, curing time 10~30min; Carry out again post vulcanization, 200 ℃ of curing temperatures, curing time 1~4h;
When component A adopts room temperature vulcanized sili cone rubber,, with the conductive filler material of silicon rubber, modification, vulcanizing agent, catalyst mix, be stirred to evenly, at 25~150 ℃ of temperature, curing time 2~24h.
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