Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can significantly put forward concrete intensity and toughness, improve the preparation method of the enhancing toughening type poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of concrete mechanical property and weather resistance.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
1) by mass fraction, 6 parts of Graphite Powder 99s and 3 parts of SODIUMNITRATE under agitation being joined temperature is in 60 parts of vitriol oils of 5 ℃, mix the rear 18 parts of potassium permanganate that slowly add, at room temperature reacted 10 hours, slowly add 200 parts of deionized waters, be warming up to 68 ℃ and continue reaction 4 hours, then drip the superoxol of 20 parts of massfractions 30%, ultrasonic wave was disperseed after 30 minutes, centrifuging, repetitive scrubbing is removed sulfuric acid, the dry graphene oxide that gets under 60 ℃;
2) get 20~30 parts of allyl polyethenoxy ethers by mass fraction, 0.5 mixing and stir ,~2.0 parts of graphene oxides and 0.2~1.0 part of vitriol oil be warming up to 60~75 ℃, insulation and ultrasonication 1~1.5 hour obtain graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether;
3) add 1.72~5.16 parts of methacrylic acids by mass fraction in graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether again, 0.16~0.95 part of methylpropene sodium sulfonate, 0.02~0.08 part of Resorcinol and 40~70 parts of deionized waters also continue ultrasonication and obtained mixed monomer solution in 0.5~1.0 hour;
4) 30~40 parts of deionized waters are added in reactor, drip respectively step 3 when being warming up to 80~90 ℃) mixed monomer solution and the initiator solution made, the time for adding of hybrid monomers solution is 1.0~1.5 hours, the time for adding of initiator solution is 1.5~2.0 hours, reinforced complete rear insulation reaction 2.5~3 hours, be cooled to 45 ℃, regulate pH=7.0 with sodium hydroxide solution, namely get enhancing toughening type poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
The granularity of described Graphite Powder 99<30 micron.
Described vitriol oil massfraction is 98%.
Described initiator solution is by mass fraction, 0.2~0.4 part of ammonium persulphate to be dissolved in 20~30 parts of deionized waters to make.
The massfraction of described sodium hydroxide solution is 25%.
The present invention carries out carrying out ultrasonic wave after oxidation with the vitriol oil and potassium permanganate to Graphite Powder 99 to separate, obtained containing the graphene oxide of carboxyl, hydroxyl, epoxy group(ing) etc. on the structure, then made graphene oxide and allyl polyethenoxy ether carry out esterification under hyperacoustic effect.Then carry out free radical copolymerization with methacrylic acid and methylpropene sodium sulfonate under the effect of initiator, obtain having the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer that strengthens toughening effect.By oxidation, separation, esterification and free radicals copolymerization reaction, the graphene oxide structure is incorporated in the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer molecule, except the high water reducing rate of crossing the gained water reducer caused the concrete strength raising, Graphene itself also had the toughness reinforcing effect of enhancing to concrete.Water reducer of the present invention has following characteristics: (1) volume is low, and water-reducing rate is high, and when the solid volume of folding was gelatinous material 0.17%, water-reducing rate reached 33%.(2) the initial clean slurry degree of mobilization of cement can reach (W/C=0.29) more than 300 millimeters, reduces 7.5% in 2 hours, and concrete function of slump protection is good, and the mix concrete slump reduced 9% at 4 hours.(3) compare with the similar poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of not introducing Graphene, concrete 3 days (3d), 7 days (7d) and 28 days (28d) folding strengths improve respectively 4.8%, 6.6% and 9.6%, and ultimate compression strength improves respectively 4.5%, 6.2% and 11.3%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: referring to Fig. 1,
1) by mass fraction, the Graphite Powder 99 of 6 parts of granularity<30 micron and 3 parts of SODIUMNITRATE under agitation being joined temperature is that 5 ℃, massfraction are in 60 parts of vitriol oils of 98%, mix the rear 18 parts of potassium permanganate that slowly add, at room temperature reacted 10 hours, slowly add 200 parts of deionized waters, be warming up to 68 ℃ and continue reaction 4 hours, then drip the superoxol of 20 parts of massfractions 30%, ultrasonic wave was disperseed after 30 minutes, centrifuging, repetitive scrubbing is removed sulfuric acid, the dry graphene oxide that gets under 60 ℃;
2) get 20 parts of allyl polyethenoxy ethers by mass fraction, 0.5 part graphene oxide and 0.2 part of massfraction are 98% the vitriol oil to be mixed and stirs and be warming up to 60 ℃, insulation and ultrasonication 1 hour obtain graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether;
3) add 1.72 parts of methacrylic acids by mass fraction in graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether again, 0.16 part of methylpropene sodium sulfonate, 0.02 part of Resorcinol and 40 parts of deionized waters also continue ultrasonication and obtained mixed monomer solution in 0.5 hour;
4) 30 parts of deionized waters are added in reactor, drip respectively step 3 when being warming up to 80 ℃) mixed monomer solution and the initiator solution made, the time for adding of hybrid monomers solution is 1 hour, the time for adding of initiator solution is 1.6 hours, reinforced complete rear insulation reaction 2.5 hours, being cooled to 45 ℃, is 25% sodium hydroxide solution adjusting pH=7.0 with massfraction, namely gets to strengthen the toughening type poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
Wherein, initiator solution is by mass fraction, 0.2 part of ammonium persulphate to be dissolved in 20 parts of deionized waters to make.
Embodiment 2:
1) by mass fraction, the Graphite Powder 99 of 6 parts of granularity<30 micron and 3 parts of SODIUMNITRATE under agitation being joined temperature is that 5 ℃, massfraction are in 60 parts of vitriol oils of 98%, mix the rear 18 parts of potassium permanganate that slowly add, at room temperature reacted 10 hours, slowly add 200 parts of deionized waters, be warming up to 68 ℃ and continue reaction 4 hours, then drip the superoxol of 20 parts of massfractions 30%, ultrasonic wave was disperseed after 30 minutes, centrifuging, repetitive scrubbing is removed sulfuric acid, the dry graphene oxide that gets under 60 ℃;
2) get 24 parts of allyl polyethenoxy ethers by mass fraction, 0.8 part graphene oxide and 0.4 part of massfraction are 98% the vitriol oil to be mixed and stirs and be warming up to 63 ℃, insulation and ultrasonication 1.2 hours obtain graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether;
3) add 2.58 parts of methacrylic acids by mass fraction in graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether again, 0.16 part of methylpropene sodium sulfonate, 0.04 part of Resorcinol and 45 parts of deionized waters also continue ultrasonication and obtained mixed monomer solution in 0.7 hour;
4) 32 parts of deionized waters are added in reactor, drip respectively step 3 when being warming up to 82 ℃) mixed monomer solution and the initiator solution made, the time for adding of hybrid monomers solution is 1.3 hours, the time for adding of initiator solution is 1.5 hours, reinforced complete rear insulation reaction 3 hours, being cooled to 45 ℃, is 25% sodium hydroxide solution adjusting pH=7.0 with massfraction, namely gets to strengthen the toughening type poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
Wherein, initiator solution is by mass fraction, 0.24 part of ammonium persulphate to be dissolved in 22 parts of deionized waters to make.
Embodiment 3:
1) by mass fraction, the Graphite Powder 99 of 6 parts of granularity<30 micron and 3 parts of SODIUMNITRATE under agitation being joined temperature is that 5 ℃, massfraction are in 60 parts of vitriol oils of 98%, mix the rear 18 parts of potassium permanganate that slowly add, at room temperature reacted 10 hours, slowly add 200 parts of deionized waters, be warming up to 68 ℃ and continue reaction 4 hours, then drip the superoxol of 20 parts of massfractions 30%, ultrasonic wave was disperseed after 30 minutes, centrifuging, repetitive scrubbing is removed sulfuric acid, the dry graphene oxide that gets under 60 ℃;
2) get 28 parts of allyl polyethenoxy ethers by mass fraction, 1.2 part graphene oxide and 0.8 part of massfraction are 98% the vitriol oil to be mixed and stirs and be warming up to 68 ℃, insulation and ultrasonication 1.3 hours obtain graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether;
3) add 3.44 parts of methacrylic acids by mass fraction in graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether again, 0.47 part of methylpropene sodium sulfonate, 0.06 part of Resorcinol and 50 parts of deionized waters also continue ultrasonication and obtained mixed monomer solution in 0.9 hour;
4) 34 parts of deionized waters are added in reactor, drip respectively step 3 when being warming up to 84 ℃) mixed monomer solution and the initiator solution made, the time for adding of hybrid monomers solution is 1.3 hours, the time for adding of initiator solution is 1.5 hours, reinforced complete rear insulation reaction 2.6 hours, being cooled to 45 ℃, is 25% sodium hydroxide solution adjusting pH=7.0 with massfraction, namely gets to strengthen the toughening type poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
Wherein, initiator solution is by mass fraction, 0.28 part of ammonium persulphate to be dissolved in 24 parts of deionized waters to make.
Embodiment 4:
1) by mass fraction, the Graphite Powder 99 of 6 parts of granularity<30 micron and 3 parts of SODIUMNITRATE under agitation being joined temperature is that 5 ℃, massfraction are in 60 parts of vitriol oils of 98%, mix the rear 18 parts of potassium permanganate that slowly add, at room temperature reacted 10 hours, slowly add 200 parts of deionized waters, be warming up to 68 ℃ and continue reaction 4 hours, then drip the superoxol of 20 parts of massfractions 30%, ultrasonic wave was disperseed after 30 minutes, centrifuging, repetitive scrubbing is removed sulfuric acid, the dry graphene oxide that gets under 60 ℃;
2) get 30 parts of allyl polyethenoxy ethers by mass fraction, 2.0 part graphene oxide and 1.0 parts of massfractions are 98% the vitriol oil to be mixed and stirs and be warming up to 70 ℃, insulation and ultrasonication 1.4 hours obtain graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether;
3) add 5.16 parts of methacrylic acids by mass fraction in graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether again, 0.95 part of methylpropene sodium sulfonate, 0.08 part of Resorcinol and 55 parts of deionized waters also continue ultrasonication and obtained mixed monomer solution in 1.0 hours;
4) 36 parts of deionized waters are added in reactor, drip respectively step 3 when being warming up to 86 ℃) mixed monomer solution and the initiator solution made, the time for adding of hybrid monomers solution is 1.5 hours, the time for adding of initiator solution is 2.0 hours, reinforced complete rear insulation reaction 2.7 hours, being cooled to 45 ℃, is 25% sodium hydroxide solution adjusting pH=7.0 with massfraction, namely gets to strengthen the toughening type poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
Wherein, initiator solution is by mass fraction, 0.32 part of ammonium persulphate to be dissolved in 28 parts of deionized waters to make.
Embodiment 5:
1) by mass fraction, the Graphite Powder 99 of 6 parts of granularity<30 micron and 3 parts of SODIUMNITRATE under agitation being joined temperature is that 5 ℃, massfraction are in 60 parts of vitriol oils of 98%, mix the rear 18 parts of potassium permanganate that slowly add, at room temperature reacted 10 hours, slowly add 200 parts of deionized waters, be warming up to 68 ℃ and continue reaction 4 hours, then drip the superoxol of 20 parts of massfractions 30%, ultrasonic wave was disperseed after 30 minutes, centrifuging, repetitive scrubbing is removed sulfuric acid, the dry graphene oxide that gets under 60 ℃;
2) get 26 parts of allyl polyethenoxy ethers by mass fraction, 1.6 part graphene oxide and 0.8 part of massfraction are 98% the vitriol oil to be mixed and stirs and be warming up to 72 ℃, insulation and ultrasonication 1.5 hours obtain graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether;
3) add 3.44 parts of methacrylic acids by mass fraction in graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether again, 0.79 part of methylpropene sodium sulfonate, 0.06 part of Resorcinol and 60 parts of deionized waters also continue ultrasonication and obtained mixed monomer solution in 0.8 hour;
4) 38 parts of deionized waters are added in reactor, drip respectively step 3 when being warming up to 88 ℃) mixed monomer solution and the initiator solution made, the time for adding of hybrid monomers solution is 2.0 hours, the time for adding of initiator solution is 1.5 hours, reinforced complete rear insulation reaction 2.8 hours, being cooled to 45 ℃, is 25% sodium hydroxide solution adjusting pH=7.0 with massfraction, namely gets to strengthen the toughening type poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
Wherein, initiator solution is by mass fraction, 0.36 part of ammonium persulphate to be dissolved in 26 parts of deionized waters to make.
Embodiment 6:
1) by mass fraction, the Graphite Powder 99 of 6 parts of granularity<30 micron and 3 parts of SODIUMNITRATE under agitation being joined temperature is that 5 ℃, massfraction are in 60 parts of vitriol oils of 98%, mix the rear 18 parts of potassium permanganate that slowly add, at room temperature reacted 10 hours, slowly add 200 parts of deionized waters, be warming up to 68 ℃ and continue reaction 4 hours, then drip the superoxol of 20 parts of massfractions 30%, ultrasonic wave was disperseed after 30 minutes, centrifuging, repetitive scrubbing is removed sulfuric acid, the dry graphene oxide that gets under 60 ℃;
2) get 24 parts of allyl polyethenoxy ethers by mass fraction, 1.8 part graphene oxide and 0.6 part of massfraction are 98% the vitriol oil to be mixed and stirs and be warming up to 75 ℃, insulation and ultrasonication 1.1 hours obtain graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether;
3) add 4.3 parts of methacrylic acids by mass fraction in graphene oxide modification allyl polyethenoxy ether again, 0.63 part of methylpropene sodium sulfonate, 6 parts of Resorcinol and 70 parts of deionized waters also continue ultrasonication and obtained mixed monomer solution in 1.0 hours;
4) 40 parts of deionized waters are added in reactor, drip respectively step 3 when being warming up to 90 ℃) mixed monomer solution and the initiator solution made, the time for adding of hybrid monomers solution is 1.4 hours, the time for adding of initiator solution is 1.8 hours, reinforced complete rear insulation reaction 3 hours, being cooled to 45 ℃, is 25% sodium hydroxide solution adjusting pH=7.0 with massfraction, namely gets to strengthen the toughening type poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
Wherein, initiator solution is by mass fraction, 0.4 part of ammonium persulphate to be dissolved in 30 parts of deionized waters to make.