CN102590305A - Sensitive membrane for electrochemical biosensors and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sensitive membrane for electrochemical biosensors and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102590305A CN102590305A CN2011100049334A CN201110004933A CN102590305A CN 102590305 A CN102590305 A CN 102590305A CN 2011100049334 A CN2011100049334 A CN 2011100049334A CN 201110004933 A CN201110004933 A CN 201110004933A CN 102590305 A CN102590305 A CN 102590305A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a chitosan-silica sol-gel sensitive membrane for electrochemical biosensors and a preparation method thereof, and the sensitive membrane is covalently bonded with bioactive substances and doped with electron carriers and electron mediators. By means of the sol-gel process of silane coupling agent and the covalent coupling of the silane coupling agent, the bioactive substances and chitosan, the bioactive substances are covalently bonded with a synchronously formed chitosan-silica sol-gel three-dimensional mesh structure. Meanwhile, the electron carriers and the electron mediators are doped in the chitosan-silica sol-gel three-dimensional mesh structure. Compared with the prior art, the sensitive membrane for electrochemical biosensors, which is provided by the invention, can remarkably enhance the stability, selectivity and sensitivity of the sensors.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrochemica biological sensor and preparing technical field thereof, design chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel electrochemical biological sensor sensing film of a kind of covalent bonding bioactivator and mix electron transit mediator and electron mediator and preparation method thereof especially.
Background technology
Electrochemica biological sensor is widely used in fields such as clinical diagnosis, food and Pharmaceutical Analysis and environment control with its high sensitivity, high selectivity, low expense and simple operation and other advantages.When being applied to actual analysis and detection, also brought electrochemica biological sensor considerable economic.The preparation of electrochemical biological sensor sensing film is the committed step that makes up electrochemica biological sensor.
The chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel is widely used as electrochemical biological sensor sensing film with many advantages such as its good biocompatibility, temperature stability, chemical inertness and film formings.Bioactivator can be fixed in the three-dimensional mesh of sol gel film and keep its original biological conformation and biologically active.But because this fixing means belongs to the physically trapping method, long-term use can cause the loss of bioactivator, thereby influences the stability of sensor.On the other hand, the electronic conductivity of silica sol-gel film is relatively poor relatively, and its prepared electrochemica biological sensor is especially based on detecting H
2O
2Sensor need be higher than usually+operating potential of 0.6V, some electroactive materials that coexist in the actual sample such as uric acid and ascorbic acid etc. can produce and disturb, these problems can influence the sensitivity and the selectivity of sensor.
Silane coupling agent such as 3-NCO propyl-triethoxysilicane and 2-(3, the 4-7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0) ethyl trimethoxy silane be widely used in compound organic-preparation of inorganic material.As at document (1) Journal of Materials Chemistry; 2005; Among the 15:3952-3961; People such as Simone S.Silva simultaneously as the coupling agent and the sol-gel presoma of shitosan, have synthesized chitosan-silicon dioxide compound with good biological activity through covalent coupling between the amino of its NCO and shitosan and synchronous sol-gel process thereof with 3-NCO propyl-triethoxysilicane.Simultaneously NCO and epoxy radicals also are the coupling group of common bioactivator.It is thus clear that with covalent coupling agent and the sol-gel presoma of these silane coupling agents whiles as bioactivator and shitosan; Through covalent coupling reaction and synchronous sol-gel process; Can with bioactivator securely covalent bonding in formed chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel three dimensional network pore structure; And then can improve the stability of sensor, also do not appear in the newspapers but prepare electrochemical biological sensor sensing film by this method.Electron transit mediator such as CNT and electron mediator such as Prussian blue its superior chemical property that waits have caused concern widely.As at document (2) Electroanalysis; 2009; Among the 21:2207-2212; People such as Junfeng Zhai stir the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes compound that has prepared Prussian blue modification after 12 hours with multi-walled carbon nano-tubes in the acid solution of the potassium ferricyanide, iron chloride and potassium chloride, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes can significantly improve Prussian blue electrochemical behavior, simultaneously this compound catalysis H effectively
2O
2Reduction, can be under low reaching-0.1V to H
2O
2Produce tangible timing current-responsive, the sensitivity of response is 153.7 μ AmM
-1Cm
-2, detect and be limited to 5.67 * 10
-7M.But these electron transit mediators and electron mediator be doped in the silica sol-gel also do not appear in the newspapers with the sensitivity and the selectivity that improve electrochemica biological sensor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electrochemical biological sensor sensing film and preparation method thereof; Adopt silane coupling agent that bioactivator is covalently bonded in its biocompatible three dimensional network pore structure of chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel that forms synchronously securely, simultaneously electron transit mediator and electron mediator are doped to wherein.
With silane coupling agent such as 3-NCO propyl-triethoxysilicane and 2-(3; The 4-7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0) the ethyl trimethoxy silane while is as the covalent coupling agent and the sol-gel presoma of bioactivator and shitosan; Through functional group and amino covalent coupling and synchronous sol-gel process; Can with bioactivator securely covalent bonding in the biocompatible three dimensional network pore structure of chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel that forms synchronously; Thereby prevent the loss of bioactivator effectively, and then improve the stability of electrochemica biological sensor.Electron transit mediator and electron mediator have excellent electrochemical properties; Simultaneously it is doped in the silica sol-gel; Can improve the electronic conductivity of sol gel film; Also the performance that it detects at electronegative potential be can give simultaneously, and then the sensitivity and the selectivity of electrochemica biological sensor improved.Therefore the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel electrochemical biological sensor sensing film of covalent bonding bioactivator provided by the invention and mix electron transit mediator and electron mediator can significantly improve stability, sensitivity and the selectivity of electrochemica biological sensor.
The chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel electrochemical biological sensor sensing film of covalent bonding bioactivator provided by the invention and mix electron transit mediator and electron mediator is made up of the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel of electron transit mediator, electron mediator and covalent bonding bioactivator, and wherein the content of electron transit mediator is 0.05~2.0mg/cm
2, the content of electron mediator is 0.01~2.0mg/cm
2, the content of bioactivator is 0.01~2.0mg/cm
2, the content of shitosan is 0.02~5.0mg/cm
2, all the other are silica sol-gel.Described electron transit mediator is a kind of in SWCN, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes, fullerene, golden nanometer particle, Nano silver grain, nano platinum particle, the ferriferrous oxide nano-particle; Described electron mediator is Prussian blue, the potassium ferricyanide, ferrocene, ferrocenyl methyl ketone, propiono ferrocene, Butyrylferrocene, valeryl ferrocene, caproyl ferrocene, caprylyl ferrocene, 1; 1 '-diacetyl group ferrocene, 1; 1 '-two caproyl ferrocene, ethyl dicyclopentadienyl iron, propyl group ferrocene, butyl ferrocene, amyl group ferrocene, hexyl ferrocene, 1; 1 '-two butyl ferrocenes, 1,1 '-a kind of in two hexyl ferrocene, cyclopentenyl ferrocene, cyclohexenyl group ferrocene, 3-ferrocene acyl propionic acid, 4-ferrocene acyl group butyric acid, 4-ferrocene acid, 5-ferrocenyl valeric acid, ferrocenyl methyl alcohol, ferrocenyl ethanol, dimethylamino methyl ferrocene, ferrocenecarboxylic acid, ferrocene acetate, ferrocene propionic acid, ferrocene acid amides, ferrocene acyl chlorides, ferrocene thioformamide, amino ferrocene, naphthol green B, reddish black, four cyano benzoquinone bismethane, tetrathiafulvalene, tetrathiafulvalene-four cyano dimethylene benzoquinones, methylene blue, the new methylene blue; Complex after described electron transit mediator and electron mediator can be mutually combined by the two substitutes; Described bioactivator is a kind of in glucose carbohydrate oxidase, cholesterol oxidase, alcohol oxidase, urate oxidase, xanthine oxidase, horseradish peroxidase, tyrosinase, myoglobins, cytochrome oxidase, acetylcholinesterase, lactic dehydrogenase, the succinate dehydrogenase.
The preparation method of the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel electrochemical biological sensor sensing film of covalent bonding bioactivator provided by the invention and mix electron transit mediator and electron mediator is:
A. the mix preparation of chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of electron transit mediator and electron mediator
Being respectively by the final concentration of electron transit mediator and electron mediator is that 0.5~10mg/mL and 0.1~10mg/mL are scattered in its ultrasonic 5~60min in 0.1~1.0% the chitosan solution; The ratio that is 10: 1~2: 1 is then by volume mixed the chitosan solution of electron transit mediator and electron mediator with silane coupling agent, and vigorous stirring 1~6h obtain mixing chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of electron transit mediator and electron mediator at ambient temperature;
B. the covalent bonding of bioactivator
Being 0.1~10mg/mL by the final concentration of bioactivator joins it in colloidal sol that A obtains; And under 0~10 ℃ of condition, slowly stir 1~4h, obtain the covalent bonding bioactivator and the chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of mix electron transit mediator and electron mediator;
C. sensitive membrane is in the preparation of electrode surface
By 8~400 μ L/cm
2The colloidal sol that step B is obtained drips to electrode surface; And, can form one deck covalent bonding bioactivator and the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel electrochemical biological sensor sensing film of mix electron transit mediator and electron mediator at electrode surface with electrode dry 5~24h under 2~10 ℃ of conditions.
Described electron transit mediator is a kind of in SWCN, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes, fullerene, golden nanometer particle, Nano silver grain, nano platinum particle, the ferriferrous oxide nano-particle; Described electron mediator is Prussian blue, the potassium ferricyanide, ferrocene, ferrocenyl methyl ketone, propiono ferrocene, Butyrylferrocene, valeryl ferrocene, caproyl ferrocene, caprylyl ferrocene, 1; 1 '-diacetyl group ferrocene, 1; 1 '-two caproyl ferrocene, ethyl dicyclopentadienyl iron, propyl group ferrocene, butyl ferrocene, amyl group ferrocene, hexyl ferrocene, 1; 1 '-two butyl ferrocenes, 1,1 '-a kind of in two hexyl ferrocene, cyclopentenyl ferrocene, cyclohexenyl group ferrocene, 3-ferrocene acyl propionic acid, 4-ferrocene acyl group butyric acid, 4-ferrocene acid, 5-ferrocenyl valeric acid, ferrocenyl methyl alcohol, ferrocenyl ethanol, dimethylamino methyl ferrocene, ferrocenecarboxylic acid, ferrocene acetate, ferrocene propionic acid, ferrocene acid amides, ferrocene acyl chlorides, ferrocene thioformamide, amino ferrocene, naphthol green B, reddish black, four cyano benzoquinone bismethane, tetrathiafulvalene, tetrathiafulvalene-four cyano dimethylene benzoquinones, methylene blue, the new methylene blue.
Complex after described electron transit mediator and electron mediator can be mutually combined by the two substitutes.
Described chitosan solution is that shitosan is through the ultrasonic or solution of stirring and dissolving in 0.5~2.0% acetic acid.
Described silane coupling agent is 3-NCO propyl-triethoxysilicane, 3-NCO propyl trimethoxy silicane, 3-(2; 3-epoxy third oxygen) propyl trimethoxy silicane, 3-(2; 3-epoxy third oxygen) a kind of in propyl-triethoxysilicane, 2-(3, the 4-7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0) ethyl trimethoxy silane, 3-(methacryloxypropyl) propyl trimethoxy silicane.
Described bioactivator is a kind of in glucose carbohydrate oxidase, cholesterol oxidase, alcohol oxidase, urate oxidase, xanthine oxidase, horseradish peroxidase, tyrosinase, myoglobins, cytochrome oxidase, acetylcholinesterase, lactic dehydrogenase, the succinate dehydrogenase.
Described electrode is a kind of in glass-carbon electrode, gold electrode, platinum electrode, pyrolytic graphite electrode, the graphitic carbon paste electrode.
Effect of the present invention can be found out from the electrode performance that sensitive membrane provided by the invention is modified.Adopt said method on glass-carbon electrode, adopt 3-NCO propyl-triethoxysilicane prepare the covalent bonding glucose oxidase and the Prussian blue modification of mixing multi-walled carbon nano-tubes chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel sensitive membrane and with it as working electrode; As contrast electrode, the Pt electrode is as electrode is formed the glucose electrochemica biological sensor with saturated calomel electrode (SCE).It is 5.0~9.0 PBS that the three-electrode system of this sensor is placed the pH value, adopts U.S. PARSTAT 2273 electrochemical workstations to carry out electro-chemical test.Adopt chronoamperometry (i-t) at-0.1V (vs.SCE) the test electrode response current to glucose, the result is as shown in Figure 3, and modified electrode has good response to glucose, and the response time, the linear response concentration range of glucose was 2.5 * 10 less than 10s
-5~1.3 * 10
-3M detects and is limited to 7.5 * 10
-6M, sensitivity is 15.2 μ AmM
-1Cm
-2This sensitivity is apparently higher than document (3) Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry; 2005, the numerical value of the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol gel film modified electrode of Prussian blue layer of the electro-deposition of being reported among the 381:500-507 and physically trapping glucose oxidase.Adopt i-t method test modified electrode in-0.1V antijamming capability down, the result is as shown in Figure 4, and the uric acid that concentration is 0.1mM and ascorbic acid are all to electrode generation interference.Adopt i-t method test electrode response stability to glucose in being stored in the phosphate buffer of vigorous stirring; The result is as shown in Figure 5; Constantly increase as the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of the Prussian blue modification of the formed doping of sol-gel presoma and the film modified reference electrode response before storing 24h of chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel of glucose oxidase with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS); Begin again behind the 24h to descend, and the electrode that sensitive membrane provided by the invention is modified responds highly stable in whole storage process.
Compare with prior art, the outstanding advantage that the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel electrochemical biological sensor sensing film of covalent bonding bioactivator provided by the invention and mix electron transit mediator and electron mediator is applied to electrochemica biological sensor is:
(1) bioactivator is bonded to securely in the biocompatible three dimensional network pore structure of chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel of synchronous formation through covalent bond; Guaranteeing to prevent effectively under the bioactive prerequisite of bioactivator that it runs off, and significantly improves the stability of sensor.
(2) the doping electron transit mediator can significantly improve its electronic conductivity in sensitive membrane, thereby improves sensor's response sensitivity.
(3) the doping electron mediator also can be given it carries out efficient detection under electronegative potential performance simultaneously in sensitive membrane, and then reduces the interference that electroactive material produced that coexists in the actual sample, improves Selectivity of Sensor.
(4) preparation technology based on the electrochemica biological sensor of this sensitive membrane is simple; And do not relate to organic solvent; Thereby the security guaranteeing to reduce its preparation cost under the prerequisite of sensor performance and improving its preparation is fit to the large-scale production of commercial style electrochemica biological sensor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. based on the EIS collection of illustrative plates of the glucose electrochemica biological sensor of the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel sensitive membrane of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of the covalent bonding glucose oxidase of the present invention preparation and the Prussian blue modification of mixing
Horizontal ordinate-impedance real part Z ' (unit: ohm, O)
Ordinate-imaginary impedance Z " (unit: ohm, O)
A. glass-carbon electrode
B. chitosan-silicon dioxide sol gel film modified glassy carbon electrode
C. the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol gel film modified glassy carbon electrode of covalent bonding glucose oxidase
D. the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol gel film modified glassy carbon electrode of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of the covalent bonding glucose oxidase and the Prussian blue modification of mixing
Fig. 2. based on the glucose electrochemica biological sensor of the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel sensitive membrane of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of the covalent bonding glucose oxidase of the present invention preparation and the Prussian blue modification of mixing to H
2O
2The i-t curve of response
Horizontal ordinate-time t (unit: second, s)
Ordinate-current i (unit: microampere, μ A)
Interior illustration: sensor response current and H
2O
2The relation curve of concentration
Horizontal ordinate-H
2O
2Concentration C (unit: mM, mM)
Ordinate-current i (unit: microampere, μ A)
Fig. 3. based on the glucose electrochemica biological sensor of the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel sensitive membrane of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of the covalent bonding glucose oxidase of the present invention preparation and the Prussian blue modification of mixing i-t curve to glucose responding
Horizontal ordinate-time t (unit: second, s)
Ordinate-current i (unit: microampere, μ A)
Interior illustration: the relation curve of sensor response current and concentration of glucose
Horizontal ordinate-concentration of glucose C (unit: mM, mM)
Ordinate-current i (unit: microampere, μ A)
Fig. 4. based on the anti-interference i-t curve of the glucose electrochemica biological sensor of the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel sensitive membrane of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of the covalent bonding glucose oxidase of the present invention preparation and the Prussian blue modification of mixing
A. add 0.1mM glucose
B. add the 0.1mM uric acid
C. add the 0.1mM ascorbic acid
D. add 0.1mM glucose
Horizontal ordinate-time t (unit: second, s)
Ordinate-current i (unit: microampere, μ A)
Fig. 5. based on the glucose electrochemica biological sensor of the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel sensitive membrane of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of the covalent bonding glucose oxidase of the present invention preparation and the Prussian blue modification of mixing response stability curve in being stored in the phosphate buffer of vigorous stirring to 0.1mM glucose
A. based on the glucose electrochemica biological sensor of the sensitive membrane of the present invention preparation
B. based on the contrast electrochemica biological sensor of TEOS as the prepared sensitive membrane of sol-gel presoma
Horizontal ordinate-storage time t (unit: hour, h)
Ordinate-current i (unit: microampere, μ A)
Embodiment
A. the mix preparation of chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of Prussian blue modification
A-1. by the final concentration of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes be 0.5mg/mL with its join long-pending than be in 3: 1 the concentrated sulphuric acid and the red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) nitration mixture under room temperature condition ultrasonic 6h; 14000 leave that the heart is collected CNT and with deionized water with its washing to neutral, put in the vacuum drying chamber dry 12h under 50 ℃ of conditions then;
A-2. the ultrasonic 0.5h of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes after the acid treatment being scattered in pH is in 1.5 the deionized water; The final concentration that makes CNT is 0.5mg/mL; Add iron chloride, the potassium ferricyanide and potassium chloride then, make that its final concentration is respectively 1.2,2.6,11.0mg/mL, stir 24h down in room temperature condition then; Collect many walls nanotube compound and fully wash extremely neutrality, put the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes that behind dry 12h under 50 ℃ of conditions, can obtain Prussian blue modification in the vacuum drying chamber;
A-3. the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes, the 80 μ L 3-NCO propyl-triethoxysilicanes that take by weighing the Prussian blue modification of 2.3mg join in the chitosan solution of 500 μ L 0.25%, at ambient temperature the vigorous stirring 4h chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of Prussian blue modification that obtains mixing.
B. the covalent bonding of glucose oxidase
The 2.9mg glucose oxidase is joined in the colloidal sol that A obtains, and under 4 ℃ of conditions, slowly stir 1.5h, obtain the chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of the covalent bonding glucose oxidase and the Prussian blue modification of mixing.
C. sensitive membrane is in the preparation on glass-carbon electrode surface
Get the colloidal sol that 6 μ L step B obtain and drip to electrode surface; And, can form the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel sensitive membrane of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of one deck covalent bonding glucose oxidase and the Prussian blue modification of mixing at electrode surface with electrode dry 12h under 4 ℃ of conditions.
With the modified glassy carbon electrode is working electrode, and platinum filament is to electrode, and the SCE electrode is as contrast electrode, and experimental temperature is a room temperature, and test system is 0.05M, the phosphate buffer solution of pH 6.9, with the i-t method in the response of-0.1V (vs.SCE) detecting electrode to glucose.This sensor's response time was less than 10 seconds; The range of linearity is 2.5 * 10
-5~1.3 * 10
-3M; Linearly dependent coefficient is 0.9998; Greater than 3 principle, the lowest detection that records electrode is limited to 7.5 * 10 according to signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)
-6M; Sensitivity is 15.2 μ AmM
-1Cm
-2This sensitivity is apparently higher than document (3) Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry; 2005, the numerical value of the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol gel film modified electrode of Prussian blue layer of the electro-deposition of being reported among the 381:500-507 and physically trapping glucose oxidase; Uric acid and ascorbic acid that concentration is 0.1mM all produce interference to electrode; Compare with the control sensor that based on TEOS is the prepared sensitive membrane of sol-gel presoma, the response of this sensor in being stored in the phosphate buffer of vigorous stirring is highly stable.
A. the mix preparation of chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of Prussian blue modification
A-1. by the final concentration of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes be 0.5mg/mL with its join long-pending than be in 3: 1 the concentrated sulphuric acid and the red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) nitration mixture under room temperature condition ultrasonic 6h; 14000 leave that the heart is collected CNT and with deionized water with its washing to neutral, put in the vacuum drying chamber dry 12h under 50 ℃ of conditions then;
A-2. the ultrasonic 0.5h of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes after the acid treatment being scattered in pH is in 1.5 the deionized water; The final concentration that makes CNT is 0.5mg/mL; Add iron chloride, the potassium ferricyanide and potassium chloride then, make that its final concentration is respectively 1.2,2.6,11.0mg/mL, stir 24h down in room temperature condition then; Collect many walls nanotube compound and fully wash extremely neutrality, put the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes that behind dry 12h under 50 ℃ of conditions, can obtain Prussian blue modification in the vacuum drying chamber;
A-3. the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes, the 80 μ L 3-NCO propyl-triethoxysilicanes that take by weighing the Prussian blue modification of 2.3mg join in the chitosan solution of 500 μ L0.25%, at ambient temperature the vigorous stirring 4h chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of Prussian blue modification that obtains mixing.
B. the covalent bonding of choline oxidase
The 2.2mg choline oxidase is joined in the colloidal sol that A obtains, and under 4 ℃ of conditions, slowly stir 1.5h, obtain the chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of the covalent bonding choline oxidase and the Prussian blue modification of mixing.
C. sensitive membrane is in the preparation on glass-carbon electrode surface
Get the colloidal sol that 6 μ L step B obtain and drip to electrode surface; And, can form the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel sensitive membrane of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of one deck covalent bonding choline oxidase and the Prussian blue modification of mixing at electrode surface with electrode dry 12h under 4 ℃ of conditions.
With the modified glassy carbon electrode is working electrode, and platinum filament is to electrode, and the SCE electrode is as contrast electrode, and experimental temperature is a room temperature, and test system is 0.05M, the phosphate buffer solution of pH 6.9, with the i-t method in the response of-0.1V (vs.SCE) detecting electrode to thiocholine.This sensor has good electrochemical response to thiocholine, and sensitivity is higher; Uric acid and ascorbic acid that concentration is 0.1mM all produce interference to electrode; Electrode stable higher can remain on more than the one and a half months.
A. the mix preparation of chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of Prussian blue modification
A-1. by the final concentration of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes be 0.5mg/mL with its join long-pending than be in 3: 1 the concentrated sulphuric acid and the red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) nitration mixture under room temperature condition ultrasonic 6h; 14000 leave that the heart is collected CNT and with deionized water with its washing to neutral, put in the vacuum drying chamber dry 12h under 50 ℃ of conditions then;
A-2. the ultrasonic 0.5h of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes after the acid treatment being scattered in pH is in 1.5 the deionized water; The final concentration that makes CNT is 0.5mg/mL; Add iron chloride, the potassium ferricyanide and potassium chloride then, make that its final concentration is respectively 1.2,2.6,11.0mg/mL, stir 24h down in room temperature condition then; Collect many walls nanotube compound and fully wash extremely neutrality, put the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes that behind dry 12h under 50 ℃ of conditions, can obtain Prussian blue modification in the vacuum drying chamber;
A-3. the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes, the 80 μ L 3-NCO propyl-triethoxysilicanes that take by weighing the Prussian blue modification of 2.3mg join in the chitosan solution of 500 μ L 0.25%, at ambient temperature the vigorous stirring 4h chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of Prussian blue modification that obtains mixing.
B. the covalent bonding of cholesterol oxidase
The 5.6mg cholesterol oxidase is joined in the colloidal sol that A obtains, and under 4 ℃ of conditions, slowly stir 1.5h, obtain the chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of the covalent bonding cholesterol oxidase and the Prussian blue modification of mixing.
C. get the colloidal sol that 6 μ L step B obtain and drip to electrode surface; And, can form the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel sensitive membrane of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of one deck covalent bonding cholesterol oxidase and the Prussian blue modification of mixing at electrode surface with electrode dry 12h under 4 ℃ of conditions.
With the modified glassy carbon electrode is working electrode, and platinum filament is to electrode, and the SCE electrode is as contrast electrode, and experimental temperature is a room temperature, and test system is 0.05M, the phosphate buffer solution of pH 6.9, with the i-t method in the response of-0.1V (vs.SCE) detecting electrode to cholesterol.This sensor has good electrochemical response to cholesterol, and sensitivity is higher; Uric acid and ascorbic acid that concentration is 0.1mM all produce interference to electrode; Electrode stable higher can remain on more than the one and a half months.
A. the mix preparation of chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of Prussian blue modification
A-1. by the final concentration of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes be 0.5mg/mL with its join long-pending than be in 3: 1 the concentrated sulphuric acid and the red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) nitration mixture under room temperature condition ultrasonic 6h; 14000 leave that the heart is collected CNT and with deionized water with its washing to neutral, put in the vacuum drying chamber dry 12h under 50 ℃ of conditions then;
A-2. the ultrasonic 0.5h of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes after the acid treatment being scattered in pH is in 1.5 the deionized water; The final concentration that makes CNT is 0.5mg/mL; Add iron chloride, the potassium ferricyanide and potassium chloride then, make that its final concentration is respectively 1.2,2.6,11.0mg/mL, stir 24h down in room temperature condition then; Collect many walls nanotube compound and fully wash extremely neutrality, put the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes that behind dry 12h under 50 ℃ of conditions, can obtain Prussian blue modification in the vacuum drying chamber;
A-3. the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes, the 80 μ L 3-NCO propyl-triethoxysilicanes that take by weighing the Prussian blue modification of 2.3mg join in the chitosan solution of 500 μ L0.25%, at ambient temperature the vigorous stirring 4h chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of Prussian blue modification that obtains mixing.
B. the covalent bonding of alcohol oxidase
The 5.6mg alcohol oxidase is joined in the colloidal sol that A obtains, and under 4 ℃ of conditions, slowly stir 1.5h, obtain the chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of the covalent bonding alcohol oxidase and the Prussian blue modification of mixing.
C. get the colloidal sol that 6 μ L step B obtain and drip to electrode surface; And, can form the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel sensitive membrane of the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of one deck covalent bonding alcohol oxidase and the Prussian blue modification of mixing at electrode surface with electrode dry 12h under 4 ℃ of conditions.
With the modified glassy carbon electrode is working electrode, and platinum filament is to electrode, and the SCE electrode is as contrast electrode, and experimental temperature is a room temperature, and test system is 0.05M, the phosphate buffer solution of pH 6.9, with the i-t method in the response of-0.1V (vs.SCE) detecting electrode to ethanol.This sensor has good electrochemical response to ethanol, and sensitivity is higher; Uric acid and ascorbic acid that concentration is 0.1mM all produce interference to electrode; Electrode stable higher can remain on more than the one and a half months.
Claims (9)
1. electrochemical biological sensor sensing film; It is characterized in that: sensitive membrane is made up of the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel of electron transit mediator, electron mediator and covalent bonding bioactivator, and wherein the content of electron transit mediator is 0.05~2.0mg/cm
2, the content of electron mediator is 0.01~2.0mg/cm
2, the content of bioactivator is 0.01~2.0mg/cm
2, the content of shitosan is 0.02~5.0mg/cm
2, all the other are silica sol-gel.
2. a kind of electrochemical biological sensor sensing film according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described electron transit mediator is a kind of in SWCN, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes, fullerene, golden nanometer particle, Nano silver grain, nano platinum particle, the ferriferrous oxide nano-particle; Described electron mediator is Prussian blue, the potassium ferricyanide, ferrocene, ferrocenyl methyl ketone, propiono ferrocene, Butyrylferrocene, valeryl ferrocene, caproyl ferrocene, caprylyl ferrocene, 1; 1 '-diacetyl group ferrocene, 1; 1 '-two caproyl ferrocene, ethyl dicyclopentadienyl iron, propyl group ferrocene, butyl ferrocene, amyl group ferrocene, hexyl ferrocene, 1; 1 '-two butyl ferrocenes, 1,1 '-a kind of in two hexyl ferrocene, cyclopentenyl ferrocene, cyclohexenyl group ferrocene, 3-ferrocene acyl propionic acid, 4-ferrocene acyl group butyric acid, 4-ferrocene acid, 5-ferrocenyl valeric acid, ferrocenyl methyl alcohol, ferrocenyl ethanol, dimethylamino methyl ferrocene, ferrocenecarboxylic acid, ferrocene acetate, ferrocene propionic acid, ferrocene acid amides, ferrocene acyl chlorides, ferrocene thioformamide, amino ferrocene, naphthol green B, reddish black, four cyano benzoquinone bismethane, tetrathiafulvalene, tetrathiafulvalene-four cyano dimethylene benzoquinones, methylene blue, the new methylene blue; Described bioactivator is a kind of in glucose carbohydrate oxidase, cholesterol oxidase, alcohol oxidase, urate oxidase, xanthine oxidase, horseradish peroxidase, tyrosinase, myoglobins, cytochrome oxidase, acetylcholinesterase, lactic dehydrogenase, the succinate dehydrogenase.
3. a kind of electrochemical biological sensor sensing film according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the complex after described electron transit mediator and electron mediator can be mutually combined by the two substitutes.
4. the preparation method of an electrochemical biological sensor sensing film as claimed in claim 1, concrete preparation process is following:
A. the mix preparation of chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of electron transit mediator and electron mediator
Being respectively by the final concentration of electron transit mediator and electron mediator is that 0.5~10mg/mL and 0.1~10mg/mL are scattered in its ultrasonic 5~60min in 0.1~1.0% the chitosan solution; The ratio that is 10: 1~2: 1 is then by volume mixed the chitosan solution of electron transit mediator and electron mediator with silane coupling agent, and vigorous stirring 1~6h obtain mixing chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of electron transit mediator and electron mediator at ambient temperature;
B. the covalent bonding of bioactivator
Being 0.1~10mg/mL by the final concentration of bioactivator joins it in colloidal sol that A obtains; And under 0~10 ℃ of condition, slowly stir 1~4h, obtain the covalent bonding bioactivator and the chitosan-silicon dioxide colloidal sol of mix electron transit mediator and electron mediator;
C. sensitive membrane is in the preparation of electrode surface
By 8~400 μ L/cm
2The colloidal sol that step B is obtained drips to electrode surface; And, can form one deck covalent bonding bioactivator and the chitosan-silicon dioxide sol-gel electrochemical biological sensor sensing film of mix electron transit mediator and electron mediator at electrode surface with electrode dry 5~24h under 2~10 ℃ of conditions.
5. the preparation method of electrochemical biological sensor sensing film according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the electron transit mediator described in the steps A is a kind of in SWCN, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes, fullerene, golden nanometer particle, Nano silver grain, nano platinum particle, the ferriferrous oxide nano-particle; Described electron transit mediator is Prussian blue, the potassium ferricyanide, ferrocene, ferrocenyl methyl ketone, propiono ferrocene, Butyrylferrocene, valeryl ferrocene, caproyl ferrocene, caprylyl ferrocene, 1; 1 '-diacetyl group ferrocene, 1; 1 '-two caproyl ferrocene, ethyl dicyclopentadienyl iron, propyl group ferrocene, butyl ferrocene, amyl group ferrocene, hexyl ferrocene, 1; 1 '-two butyl ferrocenes, 1,1 '-two hexyl ferrocene, cyclopentenyl ferrocene, cyclohexenyl group ferrocene, 3-ferrocene acyl group dodge acid, 4-ferrocene acyl group butyric acid, 4-ferrocene acid, 5-ferrocenyl valeric acid, ferrocenyl methyl alcohol, ferrocenyl ethanol, dimethylamino methyl ferrocene, ferrocenecarboxylic acid, ferrocene acetate, ferrocene propionic acid, ferrocene acid amides, ferrocene acyl chlorides, ferrocene thioformamide, amino ferrocene, naphthol green B, reddish black, four cyano benzoquinone bismethane, tetrathiafulvalene, tetrathiafulvalene-four cyano dimethylene benzoquinones, methylene blue, new a kind of in the methylene blue.
6. the preparation method of electrochemical biological sensor sensing film according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the complex after electron transit mediator described in the steps A and electron mediator can be mutually combined by the two substitutes.
7. the preparation method of electrochemical biological sensor sensing film according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the chitosan solution described in the steps A is that shitosan is through the ultrasonic or solution of stirring and dissolving in 0.5~2.0% acetic acid; Described silane coupling agent is 3-NCO propyl-triethoxysilicane, 3-NCO propyl trimethoxy silicane, 3-(2; 3-epoxy third oxygen) propyl trimethoxy silicane, 3-(2; 3-epoxy third oxygen) a kind of in propyl-triethoxysilicane, 2-(3, the 4-7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0) ethyl trimethoxy silane, 3-(methacryloxypropyl) propyl trimethoxy silicane.
8. the preparation method of electrochemical biological sensor sensing film according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the bioactivator described in the step B is a kind of in glucose carbohydrate oxidase, cholesterol oxidase, alcohol oxidase, urate oxidase, xanthine oxidase, horseradish peroxidase, tyrosinase, myoglobins, cytochrome oxidase, acetylcholinesterase, lactic dehydrogenase, the succinate dehydrogenase.
9. the preparation method of electrochemical biological sensor sensing film according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the electrode described in the step C is a kind of in glass-carbon electrode, gold electrode, platinum electrode, pyrolytic graphite electrode, the graphitic carbon paste electrode.
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