CN102589753B - 压力传感器及其封装方法 - Google Patents

压力传感器及其封装方法 Download PDF

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CN102589753B
CN102589753B CN201110000656.XA CN201110000656A CN102589753B CN 102589753 B CN102589753 B CN 102589753B CN 201110000656 A CN201110000656 A CN 201110000656A CN 102589753 B CN102589753 B CN 102589753B
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tube core
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姚晋钟
卢威耀
陈兰珠
徐雪松
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NXP USA Inc
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Abstract

本发明涉及压力传感器及其封装。一种封装压力传感器管芯的方法包括:提供具有管芯焊盘和围绕所述管芯焊盘的多个引线指的引线框。将带附接于所述引线框的第一侧。将压力传感器管芯附接于所述引线框的第二侧上的管芯焊盘并且所述压力传感器管芯的键合焊盘电连接到所述引线框的所述引线指。将封装材料分配到所述引线框的所述第二侧上使得所述封装材料覆盖所述引线指及其电连接。然后将凝胶分配到所述压力传感器管芯的顶面上。所述凝胶覆盖所述管芯键合焊盘及其电连接。将盖附接于所述引线框。所述盖覆盖所述压力传感器管芯及所述凝胶,并且所述盖的侧面穿透所述封装材料。

Description

压力传感器及其封装方法
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及压力传感器封装,并且更特别地涉及组装方形扁平无引脚(QFN)压力传感器封装的方法。
背景技术
压力传感器和压力传感器封装是众所周知的,并以多种尺寸和结构出现。压力传感器管芯(die)通常具有易在搬运和封装期间受到机械损坏的薄差动压力感测膜。因此,这些传感器管芯通常被安装在预模制封装中并使用单独的覆盖体或盖密封在封装中。
封装压力传感器管芯的一种方式是将管芯安装到预模制引线框并用模塑料(moldcompound)来封装管芯。然而,诸如压阻式换能器(PRT)、参数化布局单元(Pcell)和Gyro的管芯不允许完全封装,因为这将妨碍其功能。结果,必须将金属盖或帽放置在模制壁上以保护管芯不受外界环境影响。另外,预模制引线框是相对昂贵的,使得总封装成本不具有吸引力。
因此,能够有效地封装压力传感器管芯,其中,在降低总封装成本的同时降低或消除对压力传感器造成环境损坏的风险将是有利的。
附图说明
以示例的方式来举例说明本发明,并且其不受附图的限制,在附图中,相同的附图标记指示类似的元件。图中的元件是为了简化和明了而举例说明的,并且不一定按比例描绘。例如,可以出于明了的目的将层和区域的厚度夸张。
图1A是依照本发明的一个实施例的压力传感器封装的横截面图;
图1B是依照本发明的一个实施例的方形扁平无引脚(QFN)压力传感器封装的顶视图;
图2是举例说明具有被附接于引线框的粘合带的引线框的侧视横截面图;
图3是举例说明将压力传感器管芯和第二管芯附接于引线框的步骤;
图4举例说明将压力传感器管芯和第二管芯电连接到引线框的步骤;
图5举例说明将封装材料分配到引线框上的步骤;
图6举例说明在传感器管芯和第二管芯的各顶面上分配凝胶的步骤;
图7是示出被附接于引线框的盖的侧视横截面图;
图8举例说明使被分配在引线框上的封装材料和凝胶固化的步骤;
图9举例说明将封装的压力传感器管芯阵列分离成单个封装的压力传感器管芯的步骤;以及
图10是在图9的压力传感器中采用的盖的示例性结构的透视图。
具体实施方式
在本文中公开了本发明的说明性实施例。然而,出于描述本发明的示例性实施例的目的,本文所公开的特定结构和功能细节仅仅是代表性的。可以以许多替换形式来体现本发明且不应将其理解为仅局限于本文所阐述的实施例。此外,本文所使用的术语仅仅是出于描述特定实施例的目的且并不意图限制本发明的示例性实施例。本文所使用的单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“该”意图也包括复数形式,除非上下文另外清楚地指明。
还应理解的是术语“包括”和/或“包含”指定所述特征、步骤或部件的存在,但不排除一个或多个其它特征、步骤、或部件的存在或添加。还应注意的是在某些替换实施方式中,记述的功能/动作可以不按照图中所述的顺序发生。例如,可以实际上基本上同时地执行被连续地示出的两个图,或者有时可以按照相反的顺序执行,取决于所涉及的功能/动作。
在一个实施例中,本发明提供了一种封装压力传感器管芯的方法。该方法包括提供具有至少一个管芯焊盘和多个引线指的引线框。带被附接于引线框的第一侧且压力传感器管芯被附接于引线框的第二侧上的所述至少一个管芯焊盘,并且压力传感器管芯的键合焊盘被电连接到引线框的引线指。封装材料被分配到引线框的第二侧上。该封装材料覆盖引线指及其电连接。凝胶被分配到压力传感器管芯的顶面上,使得凝胶覆盖管芯键合焊盘及其电连接。盖被附接于引线框,使得该盖覆盖压力传感器管芯及其上面的凝胶。然后使封装材料和凝胶固化。
在另一实施例中,本发明是依照上述方法形成的封装的压力传感器管芯。
现在参考图1A,示出了封装的压力传感器管芯10的横截面图。封装的压力传感器管芯10包括具有至少一个管芯焊盘14和围绕该至少一个管芯焊盘14的多个引线指16的引线框12。引线框12可以由铜、铜的合金、镀铜铁/镍合金、镀铝或类似物形成。
压力传感器管芯18被附接于管芯焊盘14并电耦合到引线指16。在本发明的本示例性实施例中,压力传感器管芯18包括压阻换能器(PRT)管芯。压力传感器管芯18可以使用管芯附接粘合剂附接于引线框12。压力传感器管芯18和引线框12是压力传感器的众所周知的部件,因此,要完全理解本发明,不需要详细说明及其可能的替换实施例。
在本发明的所示实施例中,第二管芯20被附接于管芯焊盘14并被电耦合到引线指16。替换地,第二管芯20可以被附接于引线框的单独管芯焊盘(未示出)。在本发明的一个示例性实施例中,第二管芯20包括集成电路,诸如控制器。
在本发明的本示例性实施例中,压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20被用丝线(wire)22附接并电耦合到引线框12的引线指16。丝线22使用众所周知的丝线键合工艺和已知的丝线键合设备键合到第二管芯20和压力传感器管芯18的各自有源表面24和26上的焊盘并键合到引线框12上的相应接触焊盘。
将压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20电连接到引线框12的另一方式是用被附接于压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20中的每一个的底侧的倒装凸点(未示出)将压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20的键合焊盘连接到引线指16。倒装凸点可以包括焊料凸点、金球、模制柱、或它们的组合。
团块(glob)顶部封装材料28被沉积在引线框12的顶面上和管芯焊盘14与引线指16之间的间隙30内。团块顶部封装材料28覆盖引线指16及其电连接22(即丝线键合)。
在本示例性实施例中,团块顶部封装材料28包括环氧树脂。使用已知的分配设备(诸如连接到封装材料28的储容器的分配喷嘴或针)将测量体积的团块顶部封装材料28分配在引线框12的顶面上。
凝胶32(诸如基于硅的凝胶)被分配到压力传感器管芯18的顶面24和第二管芯20的顶面26上。凝胶32覆盖管芯键合焊盘及其电连接22。
封装的压力传感器管芯10包括覆盖两个管芯18、20、凝胶32的盖34并且盖34的侧面穿透团块顶部封装材料28且接触引线框12。盖34可以包括有脚金属盖。在本发明的本示例性实施例中,引线框12包括从管芯焊盘14向外延伸的系棒36(图1B)。盖34接触系棒36,但是与引线指16电隔离。盖34可以用类似于不导电环氧树脂的盖附接粘合剂、其它适当附接机构被附接于引线框12,或者简单地被封装材料28保持定位。虽然如图1A所示的盖34的外侧不与引线框12的外侧齐平,但本领域的技术人员应理解的是它们可以齐平。然而,如果使用封装材料28来将盖34保持定位的话,则优选的是如图1A所示地对准盖34。图1A的压力传感器封装10的示例性结构可以在扁平无引脚封装中组装。
现在参考图1B,示出了方形扁平无引脚(QFN)传感器封装40的顶视图。如所示,封装材料28覆盖引线指16及其电连接22。凝胶32覆盖管芯18和20连同相应的管芯键合焊盘及其电连接。
如本领域的技术人员将认识到的,在所示的封装40中压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20及电连接被封装材料28和凝胶32保护而不会由于环境影响而被损坏。此设计不要求预模制的QFN引线框。
图2是示出具有被附接于引线框12的第一侧52的粘合带50的引线框12的侧视横截面图。如所示,引线框12包括管芯焊盘14和引线指16。引线框12可以由铜、铜合金、镀铜铁/镍合金、镀铝或类似物形成。
可以通过本领域中已知的晶片安装和晶片锯割工艺将晶片加工以形成具有管芯焊盘14和引线指16的引线框12。
图3是示出将压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20附接于引线框12的第二侧54的步骤。在本发明的本示例性实施例中,压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20被附接于管芯焊盘14。替换地,可以将压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20附接于在引线框12上相互邻近的单独管芯焊盘。压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20用管芯附接粘合剂(诸如管芯键合环氧树脂)附接于引线框12的各管芯焊盘14。
图4示出将压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20电连接到引线框12的步骤。在本发明的本示例性实施例中,压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20的键合焊盘使用众所周知的丝线键合工艺和已知的丝线键合设备用丝线22电连接到引线框12的引线指16。
将压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20连接到引线框12的另一方式是通过被附接于压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20的底侧的倒装凸点(未示出)。倒装凸点可以包括焊料凸点、金球、模制柱、或它们的组合。可以使用已知技术(诸如蒸发、电镀、印刷、喷射、柱形成凸和直接放置)在压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20上形成或放置凸点。压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20被倒装且凸点与引线指16的接触焊盘(未示出)对准。
图5示出向引线框12的第二侧54上分配封装材料28(诸如环氧树脂)的步骤。封装材料28覆盖引线指16和丝线22的接近引线指16的部分。在本发明的一个实施例中,使用已知分配设备用众所周知的团块顶部分配工艺将封装材料28沉积在引线框12上。执行封装材料28的沉积使得封装材料28基本上覆盖引线指16和管芯焊盘与引线指16之间的间隙30。
图6示出在压力传感器管芯18的顶面56和第二管芯20的顶面58上分配凝胶32的步骤。可以在压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20上分配凝胶32(诸如基于硅的凝胶)以覆盖管芯键合焊盘和丝线22的接近管芯键合焊盘的部分。如本领域中已知的,可以用常规分配机器的喷嘴来分配凝胶32。
图7是示出被附接于引线框12的盖34的侧视横截面图。盖34覆盖压力传感器管芯18和第二管芯20及其上面的凝胶32。在本发明的本示例性实施例中,盖34的边缘穿透封装材料28并被嵌入其内部。在本发明的一个实施例中,引线框12包括从管芯焊盘14的拐角向外延伸的系棒,并且盖34包括接触系棒的支腿和与引线指16分离的侧边缘。
盖34方便于落地到管芯旗标(dieflag)并允许更多的封装材料将丝引线22保持在一起。随后在常规烘箱中将封装材料28和凝胶30固化,如图8所示以形成封装的压力传感器管芯阵列。
在该工艺的此处,从引线框12去除带50,如图9所示。图9示出用切单工艺将单独传感器封装10相互分离。切单工艺也是已知的,并且可以包括用切锯或激光切割。
图10是可以在图9的压力传感器封装10中采用的盖60的示例性结构的透视图。盖60包括被嵌入封装材料28内部并接触管芯焊盘14的系棒36(参见图1B)的支腿62。在本示例性实施例中,盖60包括沿着侧面66的切口64,使得盖60的侧面66穿透封装材料28而不接触引线指16。如本领域的技术人员将认识到的,可以设想用于盖34的多种其它结构。
如上所述,本发明允许在不要求预模制的引线框以封装管芯的情况下封装压力传感器管芯。采用诸如团块顶部分配工艺的简单沉积技术来分配封装材料以覆盖引线框的引线指以及其电连接。分配凝胶以覆盖管芯键合焊盘及其电连接。随后,将盖附接于封装以覆盖管芯、键合丝线和凝胶而不需要预模制的引线框(这要求将金属盖放置在模制壁上以保护压力传感器管芯)。
因此,本发明提供一种封装诸如用于自动化应用的高密度QFN封装的压力传感器管芯的方法,其不要求用于促进盖附接的预模制的引线框,从而降低用于此类封装的制造成本。
现在应认识到已经提供了改进的压力传感器封装和形成该改进的压力传感器封装的方法。未公开电路细节,因为其知识不是完全理解本发明所需的。虽然在本说明中和在权利要去中已经使用诸如“前”、“后”、“顶部”、“底部”、“上”、“下”等关系术语描述了本发明,但此类术语被用于说明目的且不一定用于描述永久性相对位置。应理解的是这样使用的术语在适当情况下是可互换的,使得本文所述的本发明的实施例例如能够以除本文所示和所述的那些之外的取向进行操作。
除非另外说明,使用诸如“第一”和“第二”的术语来任意地区别此类术语所描述的元件。因此,这些术语不一定意图指示此类元素的时间或其它优先次序。此外,不应将权利要求中的诸如“至少一个”和“一个或更多个”的引入短语的使用理解为意味着用不定冠词“a”或“an”进行的另一权利要求元素的引入使包含此类引入的权利要求元素的任何特定权利要求局限于仅包含一个此类元素的发明,即使当此类权利要求包括引入短语“一个或更多个”或“至少一个”及诸如“a”或“an”的不定冠词。这同样适用于定冠词的使用。
虽然在本文中参考特定实施例描述了本发明,但在不脱离以下权利要求所阐述的本发明的范围的情况下可以进行各种修改和变更。因此,应在说明性而不是限制性的意义上理解本说明书和附图,并且所有此类修改意图被包括在本发明的范围内。在本文中关于特定实施例的所述的任何益处、优点、或问题的解决方案并不意图被理解为任何或所有权利要求的关键、必需、或必不可少的特征或元素。

Claims (18)

1.一种封装压力传感器管芯的方法,包括以下步骤:
提供具有至少一个管芯焊盘和多个引线指的引线框;
将带附接于所述引线框的第一侧;
将压力传感器管芯附接于所述引线框的第二侧上的所述至少一个管芯焊盘;
将所述压力传感器管芯的键合焊盘电连接到所述引线框的所述引线指;
将封装材料分配到所述引线框的所述第二侧上,其中,所述封装材料覆盖所述引线指及其电连接;
将凝胶分配到所述压力传感器管芯的顶面上,其中,所述凝胶覆盖所述管芯键合焊盘及其电连接;
将盖附接于所述引线框,其中,所述盖覆盖所述压力传感器管芯及其上面的所述凝胶;以及
使所述封装材料和所述凝胶固化。
2.根据权利要求1的封装压力传感器管芯的方法,还包括将第二管芯附接于所述管芯焊盘并将所述第二管芯电连接到所述引线框的相应的所述引线指,其中,所述凝胶和所述盖覆盖所述压力传感器管芯和所述第二管芯两者。
3.根据权利要求1的封装压力传感器管芯的方法,其中,电连接步骤包括使用丝线键合工艺用丝线将所述压力传感器管芯的所述键合焊盘连接到所述引线框的所述引线指,其中,所述凝胶覆盖所述丝线的接近于所述管芯键合焊盘的部分,并且所述封装材料覆盖所述丝线的接近所述引线指的部分。
4.根据权利要求1的封装压力传感器管芯的方法,其中,电连接步骤包括用倒装凸点将所述压力传感器管芯的所述键合焊盘直接连接到所述引线指。
5.根据权利要求1的封装压力传感器管芯的方法,其中,所述封装材料包括环氧树脂。
6.根据权利要求1的封装压力传感器管芯的方法,其中,用团块顶部分配工艺将所述封装材料沉积在所述引线框上,使得所述封装材料基本上覆盖所述引线指和所述管芯焊盘与所述引线指之间的间隙。
7.根据权利要求1的封装压力传感器管芯的方法,其中,所述盖的边缘穿透所述封装材料并被嵌入所述封装材料内。
8.根据权利要求7的封装压力传感器管芯的方法,其中,所述引线框包括从所述管芯焊盘的拐角向外延伸的系棒,并且所述盖包括接触所述系棒的支腿和与所述引线指分离的侧边缘。
9.根据权利要求1的封装压力传感器管芯的方法,还包括在所述固化之后去除所述带。
10.一种依照权利要求1的方法封装的压力传感器管芯。
11.一种封装的压力传感器管芯,包括:
引线框,其具有至少一个管芯焊盘和围绕所述至少一个管芯焊盘的多个引线指;
压力传感器管芯,其被附接于所述管芯焊盘且用键合丝线被电耦合到所述引线指;
团块顶部封装材料,其被沉积到所述引线指的顶面上并填充所述至少一个管芯焊盘与所述引线指之间的间隙,并且覆盖所述键合丝线到所述引线指的连接;
凝胶,其被设置在所述压力传感器管芯的顶面上,并且覆盖所述键合丝线到所述压力传感器管芯的连接;以及
盖,其覆盖所述压力传感器管芯、所述凝胶和所述团块顶部封装材料,其中,所述盖穿透所述团块顶部封装材料并接触所述引线框。
12.根据权利要求11的封装的压力传感器管芯,其中,所述压力传感器管芯包括压阻换能器(PRT)管芯。
13.根据权利要求11的封装的压力传感器管芯,还包括被附接于所述管芯焊盘的顶面并电耦合到所述多个引线指中的相应引线指的第二管芯。
14.根据权利要求11的封装的压力传感器管芯,其中,所述团块顶部封装材料包括环氧树脂。
15.根据权利要求11的封装的压力传感器管芯,其中,所述凝胶包括基于硅的凝胶。
16.根据权利要求11的封装的压力传感器管芯,其中,所述封装的压力传感器管芯包括方形扁平无引脚(QFN)封装。
17.根据权利要求11的封装的压力传感器管芯,其中,所述引线框包括从所述管芯焊盘向外延伸的系棒,并且所述盖接触所述系棒并与所述引线指电隔离。
18.一种封装压力传感器管芯的方法,包括以下步骤:
提供具有管芯焊盘、围绕所述管芯焊盘的多个引线指和从所述管芯焊盘的拐角向外延伸的系棒的引线框;
将带附接于所述引线框的第一侧;
将压力传感器管芯和第二管芯附接于在所述引线框的第二侧上彼此相邻的所述管芯焊盘;
经由丝线键合工艺用丝线键合将所述压力传感器管芯和所述第二管芯的键合焊盘电连接到所述引线框的相应的所述引线指;
将封装材料分配到所述引线框的第二侧上,所述封装材料覆盖所述引线指、其键合丝线、并填充所述管芯焊盘与所述引线指之间的间隙;
将凝胶分配到所述压力传感器管芯和所述第二管芯的顶面上,其中,所述凝胶覆盖所述压力传感器管芯和所述第二管芯上的键合焊盘及其键合丝线;
将盖附接于所述引线框,其中,所述盖覆盖所述压力传感器管芯、所述第二管芯、所述键合丝线和所述凝胶,并且其中,所述盖穿透所述封装材料并接触所述系棒,但与所述引线指电隔离;以及
将所述封装材料和所述凝胶固化。
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